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qarTvelebi ucxoeTSi

sergo (mixeil) tarasaSvili daibada 1902 wlis 10 noembers TbilisSi, mixeil tarasaSvilisa da nino SalaSvilis ojaxSi. sergo mixeilisa da ninos meore vaJi iyo, sul ki tarasaSvilebis ojaxSi xuTi vaJi da erTi qali aRizarda. maTi mamuli kaxeTis gulSi, sofel veliscixeSi, mdeba-reobda. swored aq atarebda ojaxi zafxuls, xolo swavlis periodSi kvlav TbilisSi brunde-boda.

mixeil tarasaSvili, im drois warmatebuli mewarme, vaWarTa pirveli gildiis warmomadge-neli iyo. Tavis ZmebTan erTad igi awarmoebda koniaksa da Rvinos, savaWro niSniT „tarasoff“ (Tarasoff), romelic eqsportze gahqondaT ruseTSi, ukrainasa da centralur aziaSi. Zmebi flob-dnen miwebs rogorc saqarTveloSi, aseve ukrainasa da azerbaijanSi. mixeili, rogorc im epoqis

nino tarasaSvili sergo (mixeil) tarasaSvili

gasuli saukunis 20-iani wlebis qariSxlebma uamravi qarTveli samudamod mowyvita sam-Soblos. Znelad Tu vinme warmoidgenda, rom qveyana, sadac isini droebiTi TavSesafris sa-Zieblad mividnen, maTi Semdgomi cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis mTavari asparezi gaxdeboda. ucxo qveyanaSi mcxovrebi Cveni Tanamemamuleebis istoria yovelTvis saintereso iyo qar-Tuli sazogadoebisTvis. miT umetes, didia interesi im adamianTa mimarT, romelTa cxov-rebis wesi, profesionalizmi da pirovnuli Tvisebebi moqalaqeobrivi TviTSegnebis da ma-muliSvilobis magaliTs warmoadgens. sergo tarasaSvili im Rirseul qarTvelTa Sorisaa, vinc cxovreba samSoblodan Sors gaatara da Tavisi moRvaweobiT mniSvnelovani kvali da-tova. sergo tarasaSvilis Sesaxeb werilis momzadeba vTxoveT mis qaliSvils, qalbaton ni-no tarasaSvils, da axla swored qalbatoni ninos mogonebebs vTavazobT Cvens mkiTxvels.

progresuli adamiani, romelic srulad ac-nobierebda qveyanaSi arsebul politikur-ekonomikur mdgomareobas, ilia WavWavaZis Tanamoazre iyo qarTuli saxelmwifos Seqm-nisa da damoukideblobis sakiTxSi, miiCnev-da, rom qarTvelebi unda yofiliyvnen saku-Tari qveynis baton-patronebi da isic kar-gad esmoda, rom am miznis misaRwevad umTav-resi iyo kargi ganaTleba. mixeilma araferi daiSura, rom Tavisi SvilebisaTvis saTana-do ganaTleba mieca – maTi warmatebisa da pi-rovnebad Camoyalibebis umTavres pirobad swavlas miiCnevda. swavlisa da Sromis siyva-ruli sergom, rogorc Cans, swored mamisgan miiRo, rac misi Semdgomi warmatebis sawin-daric gaxda.

sergo Tavis ufros ZmasTan, giorgisTan, da momdevno Zma nikolozTan erTad Tbili-sis pirvel gimnaziaSi swavlobda. pirveli gimnazia im drois elituri saswavlebeli iyo, cnobili Tavisi mkacri, TiTqmis samxed-ro discipliniTa da uaRresad mowinave pe-dagogebiT. sergos maswavlebelTa Soris yofila eqvTime TayaiSvilic, romelsac be-di sergos mogvianebiT ukve safrangeTSi Se-axvedrebs.

sergo eqvsi wlisa iyo, rodesac mamam pirvelad waiyvana Tavis samsaxurebriv mog-zaurobaSi baqoSi. patara bavSvze waruSle-li STabeWdileba mouxdenia navTobmopove-bis saqmes da mamisTvis ganucxadebia, rom undoda am dargis specialisti gamosuliyo. mamas maSinve uTqvams, rom amisaTvis ganaT-lebis miReba sazRvargareT mouxdeboda da asec moxda.

gildia erqva vaWarTa kavSirs, romelic warmoiSva adre Sua sau-kuneebSi da profesiuli interesebisa da wodebrivi privilegie-bis dacvis mizniT mraval qveyanaSi gavrcelda. saqarTveloSi, TbilisSi, gildiis analogiuri gaerTianeba orTaRis saxelwode-biT arsebobda XIII s-Si. misi wevrebi monawileobdnen saerTaSori-so savaWro da sakredito operaciebSi. 1875 wlidan saqarTveloSi ruseTis analogiiT dawesda qalaqel vaWarTa gildiebi. ruseTSi XVIII s-dan qalaqeli vaWrebi sam gildiad iyofodnen. upiratesi privilegiebiT sargeblobdnen pirveli gildiis vaWrebi. 1880 w. TbilisSi iricxeboda I gildiis 49 vaWar-mrewveli da II gildiis 1003 vaWari.

mixeil tarasaSvili – sergos mama

Zmebi giorgi, sergo, nikoloz tarasaSvilebi,

biZa gerasime tarasaSvilTan erTad

SuaSi – sergo tarasaSvili,

marcxniv – giorgi tarasaSvili,

maT win – nino SalaSvili (sergos deda)

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1924 wlis ajanyebisas sergo iyo Tbili-sis universitetis studenti, nacional-de-mokratiuli partiis wevri (mas Tanaparti-el studentebze pasuxismgebloba evalebo-da) da qaquca ColoyaSvilis mekavSire. igi erT-erTi Setakebisas fexSi daWrila da TbilisSi imaleboda Tavis megobar levan goTuasTan erTad. saqarTveloSi Seqmnili umZimesi politikuri viTarebis gamo, mamis daJinebuli moTxovniTa da daxmarebiT, ser-gom moaxerxa sazRvargareT gaqceva. saqarT-veloSi darCenili levan goTua ki daapatim-res da 10 wliT gadaasaxles. rom ara mamis swori gadawyvetileba Tu, ubralod, bedni-eri SemTxveva, sergoc, albaT, imave beds ga-iziarebda.

sergo tarasaSvilma 1924 wlis ajanyebis mere saqarTvelodan ltolvilTa tipuri gza gaiara – konstantinopolis gavliT mar-selSi Cavida, marselidan ki – parizSi. pa-rizSi mas daxvda tarasaSvilebis ojaxis ax-lobeli – lado gudiaSvili, romelic iq sxva qarTvel mxatvrebTan (daviT kakabaZe, elene axvlediani, qeTevan maRalaSvili) er-Tad imyofeboda da ukve ramdenime persona-luri gamofenac ki hqonda gamarTuli. ser-gom da ladom erTad gadaiRes foto, rome-lic sergom mamas gaugzavna imis dasturad, rom yvelaferi kargad iyo. es istoriuli foto ojaxis relikviad darCa.

levan goTua (1905-1973) – qarTveli mwerali da sazogado moRvawe, 1920-iani wlebis erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis aqtiuri warmo-madgeneli, saqarTvelos erovnul-demokratiu-li partiis wevri. monawileobda 1924 wlis ajan-yebis momzadebaSi. misi yvelaze cnobili wignia istoriuli romani, tetrologia ̀ gmirTa varami~ (gamoica 1960 w.). daumTavrebeli darCa romani `miTridate~. avtoria istoriul Temebze Seqmni-li moTxrobebisa da dramebisa. levan goTuam Ta-visi cxovrebis saukeTeso wlebi – 22 weli – sab-WoTa reJimis patimrobaSi gaatara, samjer iyo daWerili. 1924 wels – 7 Tve dahyo metexis cixeSi, 1925 wlis agvistoSi xelaxla daapatimres, erT-xans Tbilisis da moskovis cixeebSi imyofeboda, Semdeg ki soloveckis sakoncentracio banakSi gadaiyvanes. patimroba vladikavkazSi Tavisufali gadasax-lebiT Seucvales. gaqcevis mcdelobisaTvis sas-jeli 1936 wlamde gauxangrZlives. mesamed levan goTua 1946 wels daapatimres da vorkutis banak-Si gadaasaxles, saidanac sabolood 1955 wels, 50 wlis asakSi dabrunda.

sergom evropaSi, strasburgSi daiwyo swavla, eleqtrobis inJinris specialobiT. misi saboloo mizani iyo swavlis gagrZele-ba strasburgSive, safrangeTis navTobis institutSi (Institut Francais du Petrol). es ins-tituti dargis erTaderTi umaRlesi sas-wavlebeli iyo imdroindel evropaSi. ser-gos swavlisa da cxovrebisaTvis saWiro Tan-xebiT Tavidan ojaxi sxvadasxva gziT exmare-boda. igi ixsenebda, rogor ugzavnida deda amanaTs CurCxelebiT da Tan werils ayoleb-da: wiTeli CurCxelebi SenTvisaa, sxvebi ki – Seni megobrebisTviso, riTac mianiSnebda, rom wiTeli feris CurCxelebSi nikolozis oqros fuli iyo damaluli. male sabWoeTSi

lado gudiaSvili da sergo tarasaSvili,parizi, 1924

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navTobgadamamuSavebeli qarxana port JeromSi, normandia, 1936

kontroli gamkacrda da es daxmarebac Sewyda. sergom muSaoba daiwyo optikur firmaSi, stras-burgSi, da ase SeZlo Tavisi swavlisaTvis Tanxis Segroveba – navTobis institutSi swavla sakma-od Zviri Rirda. mizandasaxuli da Sromismoyvare sergo SeumCneveli ar darCenia firmis perso-nalis xelmZRvanels – asiriuli warmoSobis kacs saqarTvelodan (samwuxarod, misi saxeli Cven-Tvis ucnobia). man bejiT students navTobis institutSi saswavleblad specialuri stipendia dauniSna. im dros navTobis specialisti evropaSi uiSviaTesi iyo – navTobmompovebeli inJinris specialobiT sul eqvsi studenti swavlobda da maT Soris erT-erTi sergo tarasaSvili iyo. swavlis damTavrebis Semdeg sergom muSaoba daiwyo cnobil amerikul firmaSi, rokfelerebis kuTvnil `standard oil kompaniSi~ (Standard Oil Company). sergos xelmZRvanelobiT 1934 wels normandiaSi (CrdiloeT safrangeTi), qalaq havrTan, port JeromSi (Port-Jerome), evropaSi pir-veli navTobgadamamuSavebeli qarxnis mSenebloba daiwyo, romelic 1936 wels dasrulda da am qarxnis teqnikur direqtorad sergo tarasaSvili daniSnes.

meore msoflio omis Semdgom kompania `Dutch Shell~-is mflobelebma, deterdingebis ojaxma, survili gamoTqva, rom piradad sergos SeemuSavebina roterdamSi (qalaqi samxreT holandiaSi)

safrangeTis akademiis priziT dajildovda. misi da, ninuka wulaZe, safrangeTis premier-mi-nistr leon blumis piradi mdivani iyo. saqarTveloSi dabrunebis Semdeg qalbatonma ninukam, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis profesorma, franguli enis qarTveli specialistebis mravali Taoba aRzarda.

1944 wels sergos da Tamars SeeZinaT tyupi qaliSvilebi irina da nino (am werilis avtori), xolo 1946 wels – qaliSvili eliso. sergo gamorCeulad mzrunveli mama iyo. sulswrafobasac ki iCenda Svilebis aRzrdisas, undoda, rom isini droulad dauflebodnen saWiro unar-Cvevebs. ase, magaliTad, jer kidev patarebs aswavlida manqanis marTvas. bavSvobidan unergavda Svilebs, rom cxovrebaSi warmatebis misaRwevad, dawyebuli saqmis bolomde misayvanad, aucilebelia gulmodgine swavla, muyaiTi Sroma da xasiaTis simtkice, aswavlida samSoblos siyvaruls, rac sasikeTo, sasargeblo saqmeebis keTebaSi unda gamoixatebodes, samSoblo ki misTvis erTi iyo – saqarTvelo.

rogorc patrioti da rogorc eqvTime TayaiSvilis yofili mowafe, romelic udides pativs scemda Tavis maswavlebels, sergo tarasaSvili safrangeTSi yofnisas gverdiT edga eqvTimes

`Shell~-is axali navTobgadamamuSavebeli qarxnis proeqti. deterdingebi sergos dau-kavSirdnen safrangeTis maSindeli premier-ministris, leon blumis meuRlis meSveobiT, romelic wulaZeebis ojaxis axlobeli iyo. sergo tarasaSvilma es proeqtic warmate-biT ganaxorciela – aaSena da gamarTa nav-TobgadamamuSavebeli qarxana, romelic dResac funqcionirebs.

sicocxlis ukanasknel wlebSi sergo ta-rasaSvilma daaarsa metalurgiis eqsport-importis firma, romelsac gardacvalebam-de Tavad xelmZRvanelobda.

1942 wels sergo tarasaSvilma iqorwina Tamar wulaZeze – saqarTvelos pirveli respublikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevris, social-demokratiuli partiis xazinada-ris – vaso wulaZisa da margalita gordela-Zis qaliSvilze. Tamaris ufrosi Zma, sergo wulaZe, iyo eqimi-fsiqiatri, romelic sa-qarTveloSi dabrunda da warmatebul same-dicino praqtikasTan erTad literatu-rul moRvaweobasac eweoda. man frangulad Targmna `vefxistyaosani~ da es Targmani

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did qarTul saqmeSi; kerZod, sergo sxva sam qarTvelTan erTad (maT Soris iyo kote ja-yeli, xoStaria (samwuxarod, saxels ver vix-seneb) da evgeni gegeWkori) ixdida qarTuli saganZuris ̀ bank de fransis~ seifSi Senaxvis xarjebs, mogvianebiT ki exmareboda eqvTi-mes saganZuris saqarTveloSi transporti-rebis organizebaSi.

sergo tarasaSvilis portretis srul-yofisaTvis sakmarisi ar iqneboda masze sau-bari, rogorc mxolod muyaiT da warmate-bul inJinersa Tu xelmZRvanelze. es iyo mravalmxrivi interesebis mqone progresu-li adamiani, romelic daZabuli samuSao grafikis miuxedavad, axerxebda gamoeZebna dro sportisTvis; TamaSobda CogburTs, ga-

tacebuli iyo samTo-saTxilamuro spor-tiT da xSirad stumrobda amJamadac cno-bil samTo kurortebs – val dizerisa Tu tinis (Val d'Isere, Tignes). uyvarda garToba me-gobrebis wreSi da, ra Tqma unda, kargi gast-ronomiisa da xarisxiani Rvinis dagemovneba, rac rogorc qarTuli, ise franguli yofis aucilebeli nawilia. minda aRvniSno, rom sergosaTvis Rvino sagvareulo niSani da erovnuli siamaye iyo.

sergos megobrebis wre Zalian saintere-so xalxs aerTianebda, maT Soris iyvnen sxva-dasxva profesiis adamianebi, rogorc qarT-velebi, ise ucxoelebi. misi axlo megobrebi iyvnen: SoTa nikolaZe, romlis xelismomki-dec Tavad iyo, miSa makaraSvili, miSa nasyi-

nino tarasaSvili da sergo tarasaSvili, monmoransi, 1946

sergo tarasaSvili qaliSvilebTan erTad, Juan les Pins Cote d Azur, 1945

sergo tarasaSvilisa da Tamar wulaZis

qorwili, parizi, 1942

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ninuka wulaZe, sergo tarasaSvili, Tamar wulaZe, beti da fransua de Saslu-loba, normandia, 1942

sergo tarasaSvili port Jeromis inJinrebTan erTad

daSvili, Zmebi musxeliSvilebi, stanko da nikoloz mamulaSvilebi (isini sergos me-zoblebi iyvnen TbilisSi), miSa bagrationi. megobrebi erTmaneTs xSirad xvdebodnen pa-rizSi, mamulaSvilebis saxlSi, sadac qarT-veli axalgazrdoba ikribeboda (sergom Ta-mari swored iq gaicno). sergo urTierTobi-sas TavdaWerili, zogjer, SesaZloa, sakma-od mSrali kacis STabeWdilebasac ki toveb-da, rogorc es Zveli drois adamianebs axasi-aTebdaT, Tumca axlo megobrebTan Zalian Tbili da xelgaSlili iyo. sergos didi me-gobroba akavSirebda cnobil advokat ila-maz dadeSqelianTan. ilamazi safrangeTis

maRal wreebSi iyo miRebuli, misi axlo me-gobari iyo Jan koqto. ilamazma sergos ga-acno cnobili musikosi antuan Jofrua de-Somi (Antoine Geoffroy Dechaume), romelic Semdgom sergos erT-erTi saukeTeso da erTguli megobari gaxda. sergos didi mego-bari iyo British Petroleum-is 5%-iani wilis mflobeli galust gulbeqiani, romelsac metsaxelad Mister 5%-s eZaxdnen. ojaxis ax-lo megobari da naTel-mironi iyo fransua Saslu-loba (Francois de Chassellou Laubat), uZ-velesi franguli aristokratiuli gvaris warmomadgeneli. am adamianebis ukan idga ma-Ti naTesavebisa da megobrebis farTo wre, romelic imJamindeli franguli sazogado-ebis TvalsaCino warmomadgenlebisgan Sed-geboda da am wreSi sergo tarasaSvili saTa-nado pativiT iyo miRebuli.

Tamar wulaZe qaliSvilebTan nino, irusa da eliso tarasaSvilebTan erTad, parizi, 1947

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sainteresoa, Tu rogor warimarTa ser-gos urTierToba Tavis ojaxTan, da-ZmasTan. sergosTvis didi avtoriteti iyo misi uf-rosi Zma – giorgi. cxovrebam isini sicocx-lis bolomde moswyvita erTmaneTs. maT 1930-ian wlebamde jer kidev hqondaT mimo-wera, mere ki Sewyda. kontaqti mxolod 1958 wels aRdga, rodesac briuselSi, msoflio gamofenaze, gaixsna sabWoTa kavSiris pavi-lioni, sadac saqarTvelos ganyofilebaSi aRmoCnda giorgis karis mezobeli da didi megobari levan yanCaveli (biologiur mec-nierebaTa doqtori, akademikosi). sergo mTeli gamofenis ganmavlobaSi, yovel Sa-baT-kviras dadioda briuselSi (erTxel Svi-lebic waiyvana), raTa moenaxulebina Tavisi Tanamemamuleebi da didi xnis unaxavi Zmisa da samSoblos monatreba odnav mainc gaene-lebina.

sergos sazRvargareT wasvlis Semdeg mSoblebs undodaT umcrosi vaJi, gamorCeu-lad niWieri da bejiTi nikolozic gaegzav-naT saswavleblad safrangeTSi, magram ise moxda, rom 1928 wels sergosTan nikolozis nacvlad meore Zma, saSa, Cavida, romelsac samSobloSi TavSeukavebeli antibolSevi-kuri gamosvlebis gamo aSkara safrTxe elo-da. saSa sicocxlis bolomde darCa parizSi, daojaxda da SeeZina ori qaliSvili – qeTo da miSeli. sergo, rogorc ufrosi Zma, si-cocxlis bolomde zrunavda da patronob-da saSas. meore msoflio omis dros saSam, rogorc mgznebare antikomunistma, germa-nelTa jarSi daiwyo samsaxuri im imediT, rom germaniis gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi sa-qarTvelo ganTavisufldeboda sabWoeTis reJimisgan da isic Tavisuflad dabrunde-boda samSobloSi. magram movlenebi sxvagva-rad warimarTa da omis dasrulebis Semdeg germanul jarSi myofi e.w. ̀ qarTul legion-Si~ momsaxure qarTvelebs safrangeTidan

sergo tarasaSvili, val dizeri, 1932

sergo tarasaSvili da Tamar wulaZe, montekarlo, 1943

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deportaciis safrTxe daemuqraT. SesaZlo iyo, rom deportacia sabWoTa kavSirSi momx-dariyo, rac deportirebulebis sikvdils niSnavda. sergo Seecada Tavisi Zma am saSine-li mdgomareobidan exsna, Tumca saSasTan erTad sxva qarTvelebic iyvnen da sergom maTi qomagobac ikisra. evgeni gegeWkorma pi-radad sTxova sergos daxmareboda dapatim-rebul qarTvelTa gadarCenaSi. sergom Ta-visi Zmis da danarCen qarTvelTa gamosaxsne-lad im droisaTvis cnobili advokati metr budani iqirava da misi wyalobiT SeZlo TiTqmis sasikvdilod ganwirul qarTvelTa gadarCena.

1960-iani wlebis bolos sabWoTa kavSi-ris sagareo politikaSi sasikeTo cvlile-bebi daiwyo. SesaZlebeli gaxda sabWoeTidan uaxloesi naTesavebis kapitalistur qvey-nebSi miwveva. swored maSin, 1969 wels, pirve-lad gaemgzavrnen tarasaSvilebis ojaxis wevrebi Tbilisidan parizSi, im droisaTvis ukve gardacvlili sergo tarasaSvilis me-uRlis, Tamar wulaZis, miwveviT. parizSi Ca-vidnen sergos erTaderTi da qeTevani da ZmisSvili lali. qeTo da saSa tarasaSvilebi 40-wliani ganSorebis Semdeg Sexvdnen erT-maneTs, samwuxarod, am Sexvedras sergo ve-Rar moeswro. is gardaicvala 1961 wlis 21 marts sakuTar saxlSi, monmoransiSi, pariz-Tan axlos. sergo tarasaSvili dakrZalu-lia levilis sasaflaoze.

sergo tarasaSvili

evgeni gegeWkori (1881-1954) – saqarT-velos damoukideblobis wlebSi (1918-1921) ekava jer sagareo saqmeTa ministris, Semdeg ki iusticiis ministris Tanamdeboba. 1921 wels, saqarTvelos okupaciis Semdeg, evgeni gegeWkorma menSevikur mTavrobasTan erTad datova saqarTvelo da parizSi wavida emig-raciaSi.

SoTa nikolaZis qorwili,parizi, 1928

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