Second Edition 2011 - cdpr.ca.gov · The Licensing and Certification Program of the Department of...

Primary Laws and Regulations Study Guide for these Core Examinations:

• QualifiedApplicatorCertificate

• QualifiedApplicatorLicense

• PestControlAircraftPilotCertificate

• AgriculturalPestControlAdviserLicense

• PestControlDealerDesignatedAgentLicense

Second Edition 2011

ThisguidewaspublishedbytheCaliforniaDepartmentofPesticideRegulation

PestManagementandLicensingBranchLicensingandCertificationProgram

1001IStreet,P.O.Box4015Sacramento,CA95812-4015

Phone:[email protected]

http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/license/liccert.htm

PublicationNumber:626(Revised2011)

Toorderthisstudyguide,contact:DepartmentofPesticideRegulation

Attention:CashierP.O.Box4015

Sacramento,CA95812-4015(916)323-3885

ItcanbedownloadedasaPDFfilefromtheDepartmentofPesticideRegulationwebsite:http://www.cdpr.ca.gov

Thisstudyguidemaybereproducedordistributedwithoutpermissionexceptforprofit-makingpurposes.

Thisstudyguideisprintedonrecycledpaper.

TheLicensingandCertificationProgramoftheDepartmentofPesticideRegulationrevisedthisstudyguide.

PrincipleLicensingandCertificationProgramcoordinatorandeditor:AdolfoR.Gallo.

ThefollowingDPRstaffprovidedvaluableinput,reviews,andcomments:VicAcosta,Enforcement Branch

LaurieBrajkovich,Pest Management & Licensing BranchHarvardFong,Worker Health & Safety Branch

RoyHirose,Enforcement BranchRachelKubiak,Pesticide Registration Branch

BelindaMessenger,Pest Management & Licensing BranchPoloMoreno,Pest Management & Licensing BranchMarkPepple,Environmental Monitoring Branch

MargieRead,Pest Management & Licensing BranchNanSinghasemanon,Environmental Monitoring Branch

JimWalsh,Enforcement BranchSusanWilson,Product Compliance Branch

Specialthanks:ValerieRuvalcaba,Pest Management & Licensing Branch,fortypingnumerousdrafts

Photographsby:JackKellyClark,Courtesy,UCStatewideIPMProgram

MISSIONDPR’smissionistoprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironmentbyregulatingpesticidesalesanduseandbyfosteringreduced-riskpestmanagement.DPR’sstrictoversightbeginswithpesticideproductevaluationandregistrationandcontinuesthroughstatewidelicensingofcommercialapplicators,dealers,consultants,andotherpesticideprofessionals;evaluationofhealthimpactsofpesticidesthroughillnesssurveillanceandriskassessment;environmentalmonitoringofair,water,andsoil;fieldenforcement(withthecountyagriculturalcommissioners)oflawsregulatingpesticideuse;residuetestingoffreshproduce;andencouragingdevelopmentandadoptionofleast-toxicpestmanagementpracticesthroughincentivesandgrants.DPRisoneoffiveboardsanddepart-mentswithintheCaliforniaEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

PestManagementandLicensingBranchCertificationandLicensingProgram

(916)445-4038

EnforcementBranch(916)324-4100

CountyAgriculturalCommissionerDirectoryAvailableintheEnforcementBranchPrograminformationattheDPRwebsite:

http://www.cdpr.ca.gov

ENFORCEMENTREGIONALOFFICESNorthernRegionalOffice(West Sacramento)

(916)376-8960

CentralRegionalOffice(Fresno)(559)243-8111

SouthernRegionalOffice(Anaheim)(714)279-7690

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

LAWS AND REGULATIONS 2

PESTICIDE REGULATORY AGENCIES—BROAD OVERVIEW 2

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) 2

Certification of Pesticide Applicators 2

Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) 4

California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) 4

University of California, Davis, Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program (UC IPM) 4

Department of Public Health, (DPH), Division of Communicable Disease Control, Vector-Borne Diseases Section 4

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) 5

CALIFORNIA CERTIFICATION AND LICENSING 5

Commercial Applicator and Pest Control Adviser 5

Private Applicator Certificate 5

Laws and Regulations 6

How to Use This Study Guide 7

REVIEW QUESTIONS 7

CHAPTER 1—Pesticide Registration and the Label 9

PESTICIDE PRODUCTION REGISTRATION 10

Pesticide Use Classification: General Use, Restricted Use, and Restricted Materials 10

State Pesticide Product Registration and Accepted Labeling 10

Product That Is No Longer Registered 11

Amending the Registered Label 11

TYPES OF PESTICIDE REGISTRATIONS 11

Registration of Pesticides (section 3) 12

Exemption of Federal and State Agencies (section 18) 12

Authority of States (section 24) 13

Research Authorizations 13

PESTICIDE LABELING 16Explanation of the Terms: Label, Supplemental Labeling, and Labeling 16

When to Read the Pesticide Label 16 The Information Provided in Pesticide Labeling 17

DEVIATIONS FROM LABEL DIRECTIONS 20

Decrease in rate per unit treated 20

Decrease in the concentration of the mixture applied 20

Increase in concentration as long as it corresponds with published recommendations of the University of California 20

Application at a frequency less than specified 20

Use to control a target pest not on the label when the commodity or site is on the label and use against an unnamed pest is not expressly prohibited 21

Use of any method of application not prohibited, provided other label directions are followed 21Tank-mixing with another pesticide

I I • TABLE OF CONTENTS

or fertilizer, unless prohibited 21

Exceptions to or substitutions for personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements 21

REVIEW QUESTIONS 23

CHAPTER 2—Restricted Materials 25

FEDERAL RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDES 26

CALIFORNIA RESTRICTED MATERIALS 26

Supervision Standards for Certified Applicators 27

Restricted Material Use Permit 27

Alternatives and Mitigation Measures 28

Non-Agricultural Restricted Material Use Permit 28

Agricultural Restricted Material Use Permit 29

Restricted Material Permit Evaluation 29

Notice of Intent 30

Restricted Material Use Permit Duration 31

Pesticide Safety Information Series (PSIS) Leaflets 31

Generalized Effects 31

Use Requirements 31

Pest Control Dealer Responsibility 31

Exempt Materials 31

Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation of a Restricted Materials Permit 31

REVIEW QUESTIONS 33

Chapter 3—Certification & Licensing 35

GENERAL CERTIFICATION AND LICENSING REQUIREMENTS 36

TABLE OF CONTENTS • I I I

Initial Application 36

Renewal Application 36

Late Renewal Submission Penalty Fee 36

Expired Certificate and License 36

Failure to Meet the Renewal Requirements 36

Registration with the County Agricultural Commissioner 37 Grounds for Denying, Revoking, or Suspending any DPR Certificate or License 37

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS for INDIVIDUAL CERTIFICATES and LICENSES 37

Applicator Certificates and Licenses 37

Qualified Applicator Certificate 38

Qualified Applicator License 38

Pest Control Aircraft Pilot Certificate – (PCAPC) 40

Non-Applicator Licenses 41

Agricultural Pest Control Adviser License 41

Pest Control Dealer Designated Agent License 43

Pesticide Broker Licensing 44

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BUSINESS LICENSES 44

Pest Control Business License 44

No Fee Pest Control Business License 45

Maintenance Gardener PestControl Business License 45

Pest Control Dealer License 49

Pest Control Dealer Supervision— Designated Agent 49

REVIEW QUESTIONS 54

IV • TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 4—Standards of Care 57

STANDARDS OF CARE 58

Applicator Responsibilities 58

Pesticide Storage, Transportation, and Disposal 60

Pesticide Bag Disposal Requirements 62

REVIEW QUESTIONS 65

CHAPTER 5—Pesticide Handler Safety 67

PESTICIDE HANDLER WORKER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 68

Employer/Employee Responsibilities 68

Hazard Communication Information for the Handler Employee 68

Application Specific Information for the Handler Employee 69

Handler Employee Training Requirements 69

Employee Medical Requirement 71

Working Alone 72

Change and Decontamination Facilities 73

Personal Protective Equipment 74

Chemical-Resistant Protective Clothing 75

Respiratory Protection 76

Personal Protective Equipment Exceptions and Substitutions 77 Work Placement Requirements 78

REVIEW QUESTIONS 81

CHAPTER 6—Field Worker Safety 83

FIELD WORKER PESTICIDE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 84

Field Worker Training 84

Hazard Communication for Field Workers 85

TABLE OF CONTENTS • V

Employer Responsibilities 86 Application-Specific Information 86

Field Work During Pesticide Application 86

Greenhouse Ventilation Criteria 87

Emergency Medical Care 87

Field Worker Decontamination Facilities 87

Restricted-Entry Intervals 88

Field Reentry After Pesticide Application 88

Restricted-Entry Interval Adjustments 89

Shortening the Restricted-Entry Interval 89

Requirements for Early-Entry Field Workers 90

Warning and Posting Requirements 91

Warning Signs 91

REVIEW QUESTIONS 93

CHAPTER 7—Fumigation Handler Worker Safety 95

GENERAL FUMIGATION HANDLER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 96

General Fumigation—Safe Use Requirements 96

Accident Response Plan 96

Fumigation of Enclosed Spaces 96 Warning Signs 97

REVIEW QUESTIONS 98

CHAPTER 8—Pesticide Residue 99

PESTICIDE RESIDUE 100

Monitoring for Pesticide Residues 100

Sampling for Residues 100

VI • TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pesticide Residue Tolerances 100

REVIEW QUESTIONS 102

CHAPTER 9—The Endangered Species Act, The Healthy Schools Act, and Ground And Surface Water Protection 103

THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT 104

U.S. EPA Responsibilities 104

Endangered Species Protection Program 104

California State Plan 104

THE HEALTHY SCHOOLS ACT 105

Requirements for Pest Control Businesses 105

Requirements for Schools and Child Care Facilities 106

DPR School Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program 106

GROUND WATER PROTECTION 106

Ground Water Protection Area 106

Use Requirements and Restrictions 107

SURFACE WATER PROTECTION 107

Dormant Insecticide Contamination Prevention 107


CHAPTER 10—Minimal Exposure Pesticides 111

MINIMAL EXPOSURE PESTICIDE USE REQUIREMENTS 112

Conditions of Use 112

MinimalExposurePesticide Safety Requirements 112

Change Area 113

Decontamination Facilities 113

Work Coveralls 113 Full-Body Chemical-Resistant Protective Clothing 113

TABLE OF CONTENTS • VII

Closed Systems 113

Respiratory Protection 113


ANSWER SHEET for REVIEW QUESTIONS 115

Glossary 117

VIII • TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

LAWS AND REGULATIONS 2

PESTICIDE REGULATORY AGENCIES— BROAD OVERVIEW 2

CALIFORNIA CERTIFICATION AND LICENSING 5

REVIEW QUESTIONS 7

LAWSANDREGULATIONS

TheStateofCaliforniahasmanycomplexlawsandregulationscover-ingpesticidesandpestcontrol.Writtenprimarilytoaddressvariousconcernsoverpesticideregistration,sale,anduseactivitiesinpestcontrolsettingsuniquetoCalifornia,theyalsoincorporatetherequirementsinfederalpesticidelawsandregulations.TheState’spesticideuselawsareintheCaliforniaFoodandAgriculturalCode(FAC)Divisions6,7,and13;theregulationsareinTitle3,Cali-forniaCodeofRegulations(3CCR)Division6.Thelawsandregulationsincludetherequirementsthatcovercertificationandlicensingofindividu-alswhomakeagriculturaluserecom-mendationsandhandlepesticidesintheworkplace,aswellasthelicensingofpestcontroldealersandpestcon-trolbusinesses.

PESTICIDEREGULATORYAGENCIES—BROADOVERVIEW

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA).U.S.EPAregulatesallaspectsofpesticideregistration,sale,anduseatthefederallevelthroughthelawsintheFederalIn-secticide,Fungicide,andRodenticideAct(FIFRA)andtheregulationsintheCodeofFederalRegulations,Title40(40CFR).Inadditiontoregister-ingallpesticideproductsbeforetheyaresold,heldforsale,orotherwise

2 • INTRODUCTION

distributedincommerce,U.S.EPAoverseesandreviewsstateregulatoryprogramsforcompliancewithfederalrequirements,includingthefederalWorkerProtectionStandard.Thevari-ousstates’regulatoryprogramsmayincludethesesub-programs:• CertificationandTraining• EnforcementandCompliance• WorkerHealthandSafety,and• EnvironmentalMonitoring

andProtection.

Certification of Pesticide Applicators.U.S.EPArequiresStatestocertifyindividualsthatareprivateorcommercialpesticideapplicatorsthatuseorsupervisetheuseoffeder-alrestrictedusepesticides.Generally,DPRrequiresthatindividualspossessapplicatorcertificationwhenusingorsupervisingtheuseofCaliforniarestrictedmaterials,whichincludefederalrestrictedusepesticidesandcertainotherpesticides.Supervisingmeansexercisingcontroloveranapplicatorthatisorisnotacertifiedapplicator.Therearemoredetailslaterinthisstudyguideregardingcertificationofapplicatorsthatmakepesticideapplicationsforhirewhenworkingunderapestcontrolbusi-nesslicense.Applicantsforcertificationmust

demonstratecompetenceintheuseandhandlingofpesticidesbypassingcertificationexaminations.StatesmustdesignateaStateLeadAgencywiththelegalauthoritytoimplementthestate-widepesticideregulatory

INTRODUCTION • 3

program,withaspecialemphasisplacedonthepesticideapplicatorcertificationrequirements,plushavethelegalauthoritytoenforcealloftheotheraspectsofpesticidesalesanduse.Tomeetfederalrequire-mentseachstatepesticideregulatoryprogrammustincludeatminimum,thesesixcomponents:

1.State-grantedlegalauthoritytocarryoutapesticideregulatoryprogram

2.Provisionsoflegalprocessesfordenying,suspending,andrevok-ingapplicatorcertificationandforassessingcriminalandorcivilpenaltiesforviolations

3.Provisionsforlegalreviewofanapplicator’scertificationtodeter-mineifsuspensionorrevocationisappropriateafterafederalorstateenforcementaction

4.Provisionsforright-of-entrybyStatepersonnelatreasonabletimestosample,inspect,and

SIDEBAR1

The Purposes of Pesticide and Pest Control Laws and Regulations

The purposes of the laws in the California Food and Agricultural Code and regulations in Title 3 of the California Code of Regula-tions are to:

1. Provide for the proper, safe, and effective use of pesticides used in the production of food and fiber and the protection of public health and safety

2. Protect the environment from environmentally harmful pesticides by prohibiting, regulating, or controlling their uses

3. Assure that agricultural and pest control workers have safe working conditions where pesticides are present

4. Authorize pest control and make sure that it is done by competent, responsible licensees and permittees under strict control of DPR and the county agricultural commissioners

5. Assure applicators, consumers, and other users that the pesticides they use are properly labeled and are appropriate for the uses designated on the label, and

6. Encourage the development and implementation of integrated pest management systems, stressing the integration of biological and cultural pest control techniques with the use of selective pesticides, when these are neces-sary, to achieve acceptable levels of control with the least possible harm to non-target organisms and the environment.

observeanyactionsandactivitiesrelatedtopesticideuseandpestcontrol

5.Provisionslegallyrequiringapplicatorstopossesscertificationtouserestrictedusepesticidesorsupervisenon-certifiedapplicatorsusingrestrictedusepesticides,and

6.Provisionsrequiringcertifiedcommercialapplicatorstorecordpesticideuseandmaintainpesti-cideuserecordsfortwoyears,andtomakethemreadilyavailabletoStateregulatorypersonnel.

Ingeneral,thesefederalrequire-mentsforastatepesticideregulatoryprogramdealwiththesaleanduseofrestrictedusepesticides.California’sregulatoryprogramgoesmuchfurtherinaddressingthesaleanduseofallpesticides,thosethataredesignatedasCaliforniarestrictedmaterialswhichincludefederalrestrictedusepesticidesandthosethataredesignatedasState/federalgeneralusepesticides.

Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR).DPRistheStateLeadAgencyfordevelopingandimplementingastatewidepesticideregulatorypro-gram.DPRisresponsibleforregulat-ingallaspectsofpesticidesalesandusetoprotectpublichealthandtheenvironmentfromknownadverseeffectsthatmightoccurfromthelegaluseofpesticides.Thisincludescertify-ingandlicensingindividualsandbusinessesthatworkintheagricultur-alandnon-agriculturalpesticideandpestcontrolindustries,andenforcingpesticidelawsandregulations.WithinDPR,theStructuralPestControlBoard(SPCB)certifiesstructuralpestcontrolapplicatorsandlicensesstructuralpestcontrolbusinesses,andconductscertaintypesoffieldenforce-mentofstructuralpestcontrollawsandregulations.

4 • INTRODUCTION

DPRalsoworkswithanumberofCooperatingAgenciesinCaliforniatoimplementtheState’svariouscertificationandtrainingprograms,enforcementprograms,andotherprogramsthatmakeupthetotalStatepesticideregulatoryprogram.ThefollowingaretheCooperatingAgencieswithabriefdescriptionoftheirroles:

California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) throughtheCounty Agricultural Com-missioners (CAC):Certifyprivatepesticideapplicatorsandconductlocalenforcementofpesticideuselawsandregulationsinagricultural,residential,non-agriculturalandstructuralpestcontrolsettings.

University of California, Davis, Statewide Integrated Pest Manage-ment Program (UC IPM):DPRcontractswithUCIPMtodeveloppesticideapplicatorcertificationandtrainingstudyguidesandprograms,examinationquestions,pestcontrolguidelines,andotherpestcontrolinformation.

Department of Public Health (DPH), Division of Communicable Disease Control, Vector-Borne Diseases Section:Certifyvectorpestcontrolpesticide

applicatorsanddevelopvectorpestcontrolstudyguides.

Foradviceonthecertificateorlicenseyouwillneed,contact:

DPRLicensingandCertificationProgram(916)445-4038http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/

SPCBLicensing(916)561-8704http://www.pestboard.ca.gov/

INTRODUCTION • 5

DPHCertificationCoordinatorhttp://www.cdph.ca.gov/(916)552-9730

U.S. Food and Drug Administra-tion (U.S. FDA) Althoughnotastatecooperating

agency,theU.S.FDAcontractswithDPRtogatherproducesamplesfrommarketplacesandassistwithinvestigationsofincidentsinwhichpesticideresiduelevelsexceedtheallowedtolerancelevelsonfood.TheU.S.FDAisresponsibleforenforcingpesticideresiduetoler-ancesonfoodshippedininterstatecommerce.Aspartoftheseactivities,U.S.FDAregulatespesticideresiduelevelsindomesticallyproducedandimportedfoods.

CALIFORNIACERTIFICATIONANDLICENSING

Commercial Applicator and Pest Control Adviser.Youmustpassacoreexaminationandatleastonepestcontrolcategorytoholdthefollowingcommercialpesticideap-plicatorcertificates/licenses:• QualifiedApplicatorCertificate

(QAC)• QualifiedApplicatorLicense

(QAL)• PestControlAircraftPilot

Certificate(PCAPC),andThefollowingnon-applicatorlicense:• AgriculturalPestControl

Adviser(PCA)license.

Theseindividualcertificatesandlicensesrequireindividualstopassacoreexaminationtodemonstrateaminimumstandardofknowledgeandcompetencyrelatedtopesticidesandpesticideuseandsales.Thecoreexaminationincludesasectiononpesticidelawsandregulations.Thisstudyguideiswrittentohelpthose

individualsinpreparingforthelawsandregulationsportionofthecoreexamination.Thismanualdoesnotcontainthecompletetextofthesec-tionswithintheFACor3CCRascitedabove,itisnotacomplianceassistancemanual.Thisstudyguideisintendedonly

tohelpindividualsprepareforDPRcertificationandlicensingexamina-tions,andassuchitidentifiesandexplainsthegeneralrequirementsintheselawsandregulations.Thecoreexaminationcoversthelawsandregulationsaffectingpesticidesandpestcontrol,andthebasicprinciplesofsafeandeffectivepestcontrol.Youshouldusethisstudyguidetoprepareforthelawsandregulationsportionofthecoreexamination.Toprepareforthebasicprinciplesofsafeandeffectivepesticidecontrolportionofthecoreexamination,youshouldstudytheUCIPMpubli-cation,“TheSafeandEffectiveUseofPesticides”.Thepestcontrolcategoryexami-

nationisspecifictothetypeofpestcontrolactivitiesrelativetoyourcer-tificationorlicensing.Toprepareforthepestcontrolcategoryexamina-tionsthereareotherstudymaterialsthatyoucanstudy.Youmightneedtopassmorethanonecategory-specificexamination,dependingonthescopeofworkyouplantodo.DPRPestManagementandLicensingBranchdevelopsandgivestheseexaminations,andissuesthecertifi-cationsandlicenses.ToobtainthePestControlDealer

DesignatedAgent(DA)licensere-quiresonlyoneexaminationonlawsandregulationsandbasicprinciplesofsafeandeffectivepesticideuse.

Private Applicator Certificate.Generally,privateapplicatorsmustholdavalidPrivateApplicatorCer-tificate(PAC)touseorsupervisethe

useofaCaliforniarestrictedmate-rial,whichincludesfederalrestrictedusepesticides,toproduceanagricul-turalcommodity.ThelocalCountyAgriculturalCommissioneradminis-terstheexaminationandissuesthecertificate.Youmustpassoneexami-nationtoobtainthePACastherearenopestcontrolcategories.

Youdonothavetopassexamina-tionstoobtainanyoftheseDPR-issuedbusinesslicenses:• PestControlBusinessLicense• No-feePestControlBusiness

License• MaintenanceGardenerPestCon-

trolBusinessLicense• PestControlDealerLicense,and• PesticideBrokerLicense.However,youmustmeetcertain

requirementswhenapplyingforanyoftheaforementionedbusi-nesslicenses.Therequirementsareexplainedlaterinthestudyguide.

Allpersonsconductingpestcon-troloranyotherpesticide-relatedactivityareresponsibleforknowingandfollowingalloftherequirementsinthepesticideuseandpestcontrollawsandregulationsthatpertaintotheirpesticideandpestcontrolrelatedactivities.Beforeengagingintheseactivitiesyoushouldhavecopiesoftheselawsandregulations,reviewandunderstandthem;plusCountyAgriculturalCommissionersandDPRhaveotherwrittencompli-anceassistancematerialavailabletohelpyouunderstandandcomplywithDPRpestcontrolrequirements.YoushouldcontactthelocalCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPRfor:• Helpingettingcopiesofthelaws

andregulations,pesticideinfor-mationpamphlets,healthandsafetyinformation,anyotherwrittencompliance

6 • INTRODUCTION

assistancematerials,andanyreferencedformsorlists,

• ClarificationofanyoftheStatepesticideuseandpestcontrollawsandregulations,andanyoftheregulatoryprogramsimplementedbyDPR,and

• Assistanceandguidanceforcomplyingwiththoselawsandregulations.

ForassistancefromDPRyoucan:ContactthePesticideEnforcementBranchat(916)324-4100orthePestManagementandLicensingBranch,LicensingandCertificationProgramat(916)445-4038.Youcanalsore-viewinformationonDPR’swebsite:http://www.cdpr.ca.gov.

Laws and Regulations. TheCali-forniaLegislaturepassespesticideuselawstoaddressspecificconcernsoverpesticidesalesanduses.TheGovernorwillimplementthelawbysigningitintoeffect.Ifregulationsareneededtocarryouttherequire-mentsinthelaw,DPRisresponsibleforwritingandimplementingtheregulations.DPRmustmeetadmin-istrativerequirementsimposedbytheOfficeofAdministrativeLawandtheSecretaryofStateinwrit-ingandimplementingregulations.MostoftheState’spesticideuseandpestcontrollawsarefoundintheCaliforniaFAC.Theselawsgovernmostpesticideuse,withtheempha-sisplacedonagriculturalpesticideuse,althoughtheyalsocoversomestructuralpestcontrolactivities.TheBusinessandProfessionsCodecontainslawsspecifictostructuralpestcontrolpesticideuse.Sidebar1detailsthepurposesofpesticideandpestcontrollawsandregulations.EachCountyAgriculturalCom-

missionerhastheauthoritytoproposeadditionalregulations,andifapprovedbyDPR,theyapplyonlytohisorhercounty.Thesecounty-

INTRODUCTION • 7

specificregulationssupplementtheregulationsin3CCRtolocallyim-plementadditionalrequirementsonindividualsandbusinessesinvolvedinthesale,possession,anduseofpesticides.Theseregulationsarenotthesameasrestrictedmaterialusepermitconditions,whicharecoveredlaterinthisstudyguide.

How to Use This Study Guide.Studyeachchapterandwhenyoufinish,answereachofthereviewquestionsattheendofeachchapter.

Usethemtotestyourunderstandingoftheinformationpresentedinthatchapter.ThesequestionsareinthesameformatasthequestionsonDPRexaminations,multiplechoiceselectionandfill-in-the-blank.However,theyarenotthesamequestionsthatareintheexaminations.Checkyouranswerswiththecorrectanswersonpage115.Ifyoumissedanyofthequestions,gobackandrereadtheappropriatesectionsofthechapterthatcoverthatinformation.

1. The difference between California laws and DPR regulations is that laws are ❏ A.PassedbyCountyAgricultural

CommissionersandregulationsarepassedbytheCalifornialegislature

❏ B.PassedbytheCalifornialegislatureandregulationsareadoptedbyDPRtocarryoutthelaws

❏ C.Supplementstofederalregulations❏ D.AdoptedbyDPRtocarryoutregulations

signedbytheGovernor

2. Which of the following is not one of the purposes of California’s pesticide and pest control laws and regulations?❏ A.Protectingworkersfrompesticideexposure❏ B.Providingproper,safe,andeffectiveuseof

pesticides❏ C.Encouragingpeopletousemorepesticides❏ D.Protectingpublichealthandsafety

3. A cooperating agency that helps DPR enforce pesticide use laws and regulations in California is the❏ A.CountyDepartmentofHealth❏ B.StateDepartmentofWaterResources❏ C.StateDepartmentofLabor❏ D.CountyAgriculturalCommissioner

4. County Agricultural Commissioners may adopt supplemental pesticide regulations with the approval of the❏ A.DepartmentofPesticideRegulation❏ B.OfficeoftheGovernor❏ C.CountyBoardofSupervisors❏ D.CaliforniaStateLegislature

REVIEW QUESTIONS (answers on page 115)

Pesticide Registration and the Label11 PESTICIDE PRODUCT

REGISTRATION 10

TYPES OF PESTICIDE REGISTRATION 11

PESTICIDE LABELING 16

DEVIATIONS FROM LABELING DIRECTIONS 20

REVIEW QUESTIONS 23

PESTICIDEPRODUCTREGISTRATION

AnyonewhowantstoproduceinorbringintoCalifornia,apesticideproductforsale,possession,oruse,mustfirstreg-isterthatpesticideproductwithU.S.EPAandthenDPR.Theseagenciesregisterindividualpesticideproducts,notgenericpesticides.Theregistrationprocedureisdesignedtoprotectpeopleandtheenvironmentfromineffectiveorharmfulpesticideproducts.Personsorcompaniesthatregisterpesticideproducts,referredtoas“registrants”,mustfulfillnumer-ousregulatoryrequirementsandsubmitscientificdatatosupportproposedusesofthepesticide.

Pesticide Use Classification: General Use, Restricted Use, and Restricted Materials.Apesticideproductmaybeunclassified,oritmaybeclassifiedasrestricteduseorgeneralusebyU.S.EPAandDPRregistrationprocedureswhichincludeevaluatinglargevolumesofscientificdataforeachpesticideactiveingredientandpesticideproduct.Atthefederallevelthisevalua-tionincludesU.S.EPA’sclassificationofapesticideasgeneraluseorrestricteduse.Whenthereareknownhazardsthatcannotbemitigatedthroughlabeldirectionsandrequirements,U.S.EPAwilldesignateapesticideasrestrictedusetomitigateorreducethosehazards.Thisrestrictedusedesignationwillimposeapplicatorcertificationrequire-mentsandpossibleadditionalapplica-tionrestrictions.AfterEPAregistration,

10 • PESTICIDE REGISTRATION AND THE LABEL

DPRalsoevaluatesscientificdataforeachpesticideduringitsregistrationprocesstodetermineifanyfederalgeneralusepesticideshouldbedesig-natedasaState“restrictedmaterial”duetolocalhazardsorhealthconcernsspecifictoCalifornia.

Restrictedmaterialsarepesticidesdeemedtohaveahigherpotentialtocauseharmtopublichealth,farmworkers,domesticanimals,hon-eybees,theenvironment,wildlife,orothercropscomparedtootherpesticides.Generally,personsusingorsupervisingtheuseofarestrictedusepesticideorarestrictedmaterialmustpossessprivateorcommercialapplicatorcertification.YouwillfindmoredetailedinformationaboutapplicatorcertificationinChapter3ofthisstudyguide.Theregistrationprocessincludesproducingapesticideproductlabelthatmeetsallfederalandstaterequirements.Theselabelsbecomelegaldocumentsandcontainimportantusedirections,require-ments,prohibitions,andotheruserinformation.

State Pesticide Product Registration and Accepted Labeling.DPRissuesaCertificateofRegistrationforeachpesticideproductafterreviewingandacceptingdataanddocumenta-tion,includingthelabeling.Thelabelingthatwasacceptedduringtheregistrationevaluationbecomestheregisteredlabeling.Thelabel-ingforeachcontainerofpesticide

PESTICIDE REGISTRATION AND THE LABEL • 11

soldandusedinCaliforniamustbeidenticaltotheregisteredlabelingforthatpesticideonfilewithDPR.ApesticidesaleandpossiblyitsuseareillegalifthepesticideproductcontainerlabelsolddoesnotmatchtheregisteredlabelonfilewithDPR.

Product That Is No Longer Registered. AregistrantcannotsellapesticideproductinCaliforniaifthe• Registrantallowstheregistration

tolapsebynotrenewingit,or• DPRorU.S.EPAsuspendsor

cancelsthepesticideproductregistration.

Iftheregistrantallowsaproductregistrationtolapse,apestcontroldealerwhoacquiresthepesticideproductwhileitwasstillregisteredmaysellanddeliveritfortwoyearsafterthelastdateofregistration.Anendusercanpurchasethatnon-reg-isteredpesticideproductwithintwoyearsofthelastdayofregistration.UnlessprohibitedbyU.S.EPA,anend-usermaypossessandusethepes-ticideindefinitelyinaccordancewiththeoriginalcontainerlabelandanylabelingthatmightaccompanythepesticideorreferredtoonthelabel.Regulatoryrequirementsstillapplytotheuseofthesenon-registeredpesti-cideproducts,including:• Applicatorcertification,ifrequired• Obtaininguseandpossession

permits,ifrequired• Obtainingandmakingallagri-

culturaluserecommendationsinwritingpriortouse,and

• Allotherpesticideuserequire-ments.

WhenU.S.EPAorDPRcancelsorsuspendstheregistrationofapesticideproduct,theyoftenimposespecificrestrictionsonthesaleanduseofexistingstocks.Allpersonspos-sessingandusingthesecancelledorsuspendedregistrationproductsmustcomplywithallsalesanduseprovi-

sionsincludedincancellationandsuspensionorders.Apesticideprod-uctcannotlegallybesoldorused,norcanapermitbeissued,contrarytoanyU.S.EPAorDPRcancellationorsuspensionorder.

Amending the Registered Label.Anychangesmadetotheregisteredlabel,suchasaddingnewcropsorprohibitingcertainapplicationmethods,mustbereviewedandac-ceptedbyU.S.EPAandDPRbeforetheproductbearingtheproposedamendedlabelcanbesoldorusedinCalifornia.Pesticideusersmustcomplywiththelabeldirectionsat-tachedtothepesticideproductstheyareusingatthetime.

TYPESOFPESTICIDEREGISTRATIONS

TheFederalInsecticideFungicide,RodenticideAct(FIFRA)isthefederallawthatoutlinesthevarioustypesofpesticideproductregistrationsandexemptionsfromregistration.Thesedifferenttypesofregistrationseachhavetheirspecificlabeltype,oftenreferredtobytheFIFRAsectioncon-tainingtherequirements;section3,theinitialpesticidelabelregistration;andsections18and24,additionalregistrationsallowingforusesnotcoveredbytheinitialregistrationandlabel.Mostcommonlyreferredtoaresection3(generalpesticideprod-uctregistration),section18(emer-gencyexemptionsfromregistration),andsection24c(speciallocalneedregistrations).Theregulatoryrequire-mentsdiffer(includingproductlabelandsupportdata)foreachtype.Thethreemostcommontypesarelistedbelow.

Registration of Pesticides (sec-tion 3).FIFRAsection3grantsU.S.EPAtheauthoritytoregisterpesticideproductswiththecorrespondinglabel

FIGURE1-1.

Supplemental labels are often attached to pesticide packages. Before purchasing a pesticide, make sure you have a complete set of labels.

oftenreferredtoasthesection3labelcontainingbasicregistereduses,usedirections,requirements,andprohibi-tions.40CFRregulationsprovidethespecificguidelinesnecessarytocarryoutfederallaw.ThereislateramoredetailedpresentationoftherequiredlabelinformationandformatthatarefoundinFIFRAand40CFR,aswellasinCalifornialawsandregulations.

Exemption of Federal and State Agencies (section 18).Section18ofFIFRAauthorizesU.S.EPAtoallowanunregistereduseofapesticideforalimitedtimeifEPAdeterminesthatemergencyconditionsexist.Theregula-tionsgoverningsection18ofFIFRAde-finetheterm“EmergencyCondition”asanurgent,non-routinesituationthatrequirestheuseofapesticide(s).Suchusesareoftenreferredtoas“emergencyexemptions,”“section18s,”orsimply“exemptions.”Oneexampleiswhenastatedeclaresanemergencyoverapestinfestationinaparticularcrop.Afteranevaluationandassessmentof


theinfestationandpossiblecontrolmeasures,thestateagencycanpetitionU.S.EPAtoissueasection18exemp-tionfromregistrationtoauthorizeuseofapesticidethatisotherwisenotregisteredforuseonthatparticularcrop.Inotherwords,thesection18exemptionofregistrationfromtheprovisionsinFIFRAisapesticideuseregistrationinitselfthatgeneratesauselabel.DPRworkswithlocal,state,andfederalagenciestoevaluatetheemergencyanddetermineifitmeetscertaincriteriatosubmitanexemptionrequesttoU.S.EPA.Theremustbenofeasiblealternativetotheexemption.U.S.EPAwillevaluatetherequest,anduponapprovalwillissuetheemergencyexemption.Therearefourtypesofsection18s:• Specific• Publichealth• Quarantine,and• Crisis.Allusersarerequiredtopossess

andmaintainavalidrestrictedmaterialspermitforpossessionand

FIGURE1-2.

The pesticide label is a complex legal document that you must read and understand before making a pesticide application. Make pesticide applications in strict accordance with the label instructions, making sure not to conflict with more restrictive state regulatory requirements.


useofapesticideregisteredunderasection18.Allemergencyusesunderasection18aresubjecttostrictregula-torycontrols,includingrecordkeepinginadditiontothatalreadyrequiredfornormalpesticideuse.Itisimportanttonotethatuseofaproductunderasection18includesspecialrequire-mentsandresponsibilities.Section18labelsprescribeapplicationrates,safetyprecautions,andothervitalapplicationinformationyoumustcomplywithinthesamemannerasthesection3registeredlabel.

Authority of States (section 24).FIFRAsection24grantsstatespesticideregulatoryauthorityinthreeareas,includingissuanceofanewuseregistrationforafederallyregisteredpesticide.Theyare:• Section24(a)—Astateisautho-

rizedtoregulatethesaleanduseofafederallyregisteredpesticideaslongasthesaleanduseisnotprohibitedbyFIFRA

• Section24(b)—Astatecannotimposelabelingorpackagingrequirementsdifferentfromormorerestrictivethantherequire-mentsifFIFRA,and

• Section24(c)—Alsoknownasaspeciallocalneedregistration(SLN),24(c)givesastatetheauthoritytoissueauseregistra-tionnotpreviouslyissuedforafederallyregisteredpesticide.Thisallowsstatestoexpandtheusesofcertainregisteredpesticideswithintheirjurisdictions.Forexample,someSLN’sallowusesofaregisteredpesticideforcropsorsitesnotlistedonthesection3label.The24(c)regis-trationlabelwillcontainaregistrationnumberthatincludestheletters,“SLN”andthecodeforthestateissuingtheregistration.DPR-issuedSLN’swillbeidentifiedbythe

code,“CA”.Theseregistrationsarelegalonlyintheregion,state,orlocalareaspecifiedonthelabel.IfyouapplyapesticideunderaSLNfromanotherstateorregionyouaresubjecttocivilandcriminalpenalties.Youcancontactthelo-calCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerorDPRtofindoutwhichSLNregistrationspertaintoyourcropandarea.YoumayalsocontactthelocalUCCoop-erativeExtensionfarmadvisororapestcontroldealer.

Research Authorizations. Californiahasspecificregulationsregardingexperimental,unregisteredusesofpesticideproducts.Inmostcases,aResearchAuthorizationmustbeobtainedfromthePesticideRegistra-tionBranchofDPRbeforeanunregis-teredpesticideproductcanbeusedtoconductresearch.AResearchAuthorizationisnotanexemptionfrompesticideregistration.ResearchAuthorizationsareissuedonlytoallowresearchforunregisteredusesonlimitedacreageorusesites.Theysometimesrequirethattheresearchcropbedestroyed.California’sResearchAuthorizationprogramismeanttoallowforresearchthatcontributestotheregistrationprocess.ResearchAuthorizationsare

differentfromfederalExperimentalUsePermits,whichmustbereviewedandregisteredbyU.S.EPAandthenbyDPR.Ingeneral,collegesanduniversitiesdoingresearchunderestablisheduniversitypoliciesdonotneedtoobtainaResearchAuthorization.Checkwithyourinstitution.PesticideregistrantsdoingexperimentalworkonpropertyundertheircontroldonotneedtoobtainaResearchAuthorization.


Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Do notbreathe vapors or spray mist. Pilot should not assist inthe mixing and loading operation.WARNING SYMPTOMS—Methomyl poisoning produceseffects associated with anticholinesterase activity whichmay include weakness, blurred vision, headache, nausea,abdominal cramps, discomfort in the chest, constrictionof pupils, sweating, slow pulse, muscle tremors. Ifwarning symptoms appear, refer to Statement of PracticalTreatment on front panel of Reckon®—LV label and seekmedical attention at once.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTSome materials that are chemical-resistant to thisproduct are listed below. If you want more options, followthe instructions for category B on an EPA chemical-resistance category selection chart.Applicators and other handlers must wear:

Long-sleeved shirt and long pants.Chemical-resistant gloves, such as barrier laminate or

butyl rubber.Shoes plus socks.Protective eyewear.For exposure in enclosed areas, a respirator witheither an organic vapor-removing cartridge with apre�lter approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSHapproval number pre�x TC-23C or a NIOSH-approvedrespirator with any R, P, or HE �lter [also N if productdoes not contain oil and bears no instructions that willallow application with an oil-containing material]), or acanister approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSHapproval number pre�x TC-14G).For exposures outdoors, dust/mist �lteringrespirator (MSHA/NIOSH approval number pre�x TC-21C or a NIOSH-approved respirator with any R, P, orHE �lter [also N if product does not contain oil andbears no instructions that will allow application withan oil-containing material]).

Cleaners and repairers of application equipment mustwear:

Long-sleeved shirt and long pants.Chemical resistant gloves.Chemical resistant footwear.Protective eyewear.Respirator as outlined above.Chemical resistant apron.

Discard clothing or other absorbent materials that havebeen drenched or heavily contaminated with thisproduct’s concentrate. Do not reuse them. Followmanufacturer’s instructions for cleaning/maintainingPPE. If no such instructions for washables, use detergentand hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from otherlaundry.

ENGINEERING CONTROL STATEMENTSHuman aggers must be in enclosed cabs.When handlers use closed systems, enclosed cabs, oraircraft in a manner that meets the requirements listedin the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agriculturalpesticides [40 CFR part 170.240 (d)(4–6)], the handlerPPE requirements may be reduced or modi�ed asspeci�ed in the WPS. The enclosed cabs must be used ina manner that meets the requirements listed in the WPSfor agricultural pesticides. The handler PPE requirementsmay be reduced or modi�ed as speci�ed in the WPS.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDSThis pesticide is toxic to �sh and wildlife. Drift and runofffrom treated areas may be hazardous to aquaticorganisms in neighboring areas. Do not apply directly towater, or to areas where surface water is present, or tointertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do notcontaminate water when disposing of equipmentwashwaters.This product is highly toxic to bees exposed to directtreatment on blooming crops or weeds. Do not apply thisproduct or allow it to drift to blooming crops or weedswhile bees are actively visiting the treatment area.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL HAZARDSCombustible. Do not use or store near heat or open�ame. Keep container closed. Use with adequateventilation.

Reckon® LV

RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDEDue to High Acute Toxicity to Humans

For retail sale and use only by Certified Applicators or persons under their direct supervision and only for those uses covered by theCertified Applicator’s certification. Direct supervision for this product requires the certified applicator to review federal and supple-mental label instructions with all personnel prior to application, mixing, loading, or repair or cleaning of application equipment.

by ToxCo®insecticide

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

DANGER POISON

PELIGRO VENENOSi usted no entiende la etiqueta, busque a alguienpara que se la explique a usted en detalle. (If youdo not understand this label, �nd someone toexplain it to you in detail.)

FIRST AIDThis Product is an N-Methyl Carbamate insecticide.If swallowed: Call a physician or Poison Control Center.Drink 1 or 2 glasses of water and induce vomiting bytouching the back of throat with �nger. Do not inducevomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious orconvulsing person.If inhaled: Remove victim to fresh air. If not breathing,give arti�cial respiration, preferably mouth-to-mouth. Getmedical attention.If in eyes: Hold eyelids open and �ush with a steadygentle stream of water for 15 minutes. Get medicalattention.If on skin: Wash with plenty of soap and water. Getmedical attention.ATROPINE IS AN ANTIDOTE—SEEK MEDICALATTENTION AT ONCE IN ALL CASES OF SUSPECTEDPOISONING.If warning symptoms appear (see WARNING SYMPTOMS),get medical attention.For medical emergencies involving this product, calltoll free 1-000-000-0000.

PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTSHAZARDS TO HUMANS

AND DOMESTIC ANIMALSDANGER! CONTAINS METHANOL. FATAL IFSWALLOWED. MAY CAUSE BLINDNESS IFSWALLOWED. MAY BE FATAL IF INHALED ORABSORBED THROUGH EYES. CAUSES IRREVERSIBLEEYE DAMAGE.

(Precautionary Statements continued in next column.)

©2001 ToxCo, Inc., Villageton, Yourstate, 01234

Active Ingredient: By WeightMethomyl

(S-methyl-N-[(methylcarbamoyl)oxy]thioacetimidate) ................................ 29%

Inert Ingredients ...................................... 71%TOTAL ........................................................ 100%

Water Soluble LiquidContains 2.4 lbs active ingredient per gallon.

EPA Reg. No. 000-000EPA EST. No. 0000-XX-0

Net 5 gallons

1111122222

11111

555553333322222

44444

8888866666

99999

1111111111

1010101010

77777FIGURE1-3

This is an example of a pesticide label illustrates the sections described in the text.


STORAGE AND DISPOSALSTORAGE: Do not subject to temperatures below 32˚ F.Store product in original container only. Do notcontaminate water, other pesticides, fertilizer, food or feedin storage. Not for use or storage in or around the home.PRODUCT DISPOSAL: Do not contaminate water, food,or feed by disposal. Pesticide wastes are acutelyhazardous. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spraymixture, or rinsate is a violation of Federal Law. If thesewastes cannot be disposed of by use according to labelinstructions, contact your State Pesticide orEnvironmental Control Agency, or the Hazardous Wasterepresentative at the nearest EPA Regional Of�ce forguidance.CONTAINER DISPOSAL: Triple rinse (or equivalent),then offer for recycling or reconditioning if containerreuse is permitted, or puncture and dispose of in asanitary land�ll, or by incineration, or, if allowed by stateand local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out ofsmoke. Return empty stainless steel containers forre�lling and reuse.

DIRECTIONS FOR USEIt is a violation of federal law to use this product in amanner inconsistent with its labeling.Do not apply this product in a way that will contactworkers or other persons, either directly or through drift.Only protected handlers may be in the area duringapplication. For any requirements speci�c to your Stateor Tribe, consult the agency responsible for pesticideregulation.Do not apply this product through any type of irrigationsystem.Do not formulate this product into other end-useproducts without written permission.ToxCo RECKON® LV Insecticide should be used only inaccordance with recommendations available throughlocal dealers.ToxCo will not be responsible for losses or damagesresulting from use of this product in any manner notspeci�cally recommended by ToxCo. User assumes allrisks associated with such non-recommended use.RECKON® LV is a water soluble liquid to be diluted withwater for application by mechanical ground or airequipment only. Use only in commercial and farmplantings. Not for use in home plantings nor on anycommercial crop that is turned into a “U-Pick,” “PickYour own” or similar operation. Pilot should not assist inthe mixing and loading operation.

AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTSUse this product only in accordance with its labelingand with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFRpart 170. This Standard contains requirements forthe protection of agricultural workers on farms,forests, nurseries, and greenhouses, and handlers ofagricultural pesticides. It contains requirements fortraining, decontamination, noti�cation, andemergency assistance. It also contains speci�cinstructions and exceptions pertaining to thestatements on this label about personal protectiveequipment (PPE) and restricted-entry interval. Therequirements in this box only apply to uses of thisproduct that are covered by the Worker ProtectionStandard.Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areasduring the restricted entry interval (REI).PPE required for early entry to treated areas that ispermitted under the Worker Protection Standard andthat involves contact with anything that has beentreated, such as plants, soil, or water, is:

Coveralls.Chemical-resistant gloves, such as barrier laminate

or butyl rubber.Shoes plus socks.Protective eyewear.

GENERAL INFORMATIONScouting—Monitor insect populations to determinewhether or not there is a need for application ofRECKON® LV based on locally determined economicthresholds. More than one treatment of RECKON® LVmay be required to control a population of pests.Insect Predators—RECKON® LV at rates of 2/5 to 3/4pt. per acre helps conserve certain bene�cials, includingbig-eyed bugs, damsel bugs, �ower bugs and spiders incotton and soybeans. While these bene�cials cannot berelied upon to control pests, they are of potential valueand should be monitored along with pests in pestmanagement programs on these crops.Resistance—Some insects are known to developresistance to products used repeatedly for control. Whenthis occurs, the recommended dosages fail to suppressthe pest population below the economic threshold.Because the development of resistance cannot be

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY ANDLIABILITYNOTICE: Read This Limitation of Warranty and LiabilityBefore Buying or Using This Product. If the Terms AreNot Acceptable, Return the Product at Once, Unopened,and the Purchase Price Will Be Refunded.It is impossible to eliminate all risks associated with theuse of this product. Such risks arise from weatherconditions, soil factors, off target movement,unconventional farming techniques, presence of othermaterials, the manner of use or application, or otherunknown factors, all of which are beyond the control ofToxCo. These risks can cause: ineffectiveness of theproduct; crop injury; or injury to nontarget crops orplants.ToxCo does not agree to be an insurer of these risks.WHEN YOU BY OR USE THIS PRODUCT, YOU AGREETO ACCEPT THESE RISKS.

(Warranty information continued on supplemental labeling.)

predicted, the use of this product should conform toresistance management strategies established for the usearea.These strategies may include incorporation ofcultural and biological control practices, alteration ofactive classes of insecticides on succeeding generationsand targeting the most susceptible life stage. Consultyour local agricultural authorities for details.Compatibility—Since formulations may be changed andnew ones introduced, it is recommended that userspremix a small quantity of desired tank mix and observefor possible adverse changes (settling out, �occulation,etc.). Avoid mixtures of several materials and veryconcentrated spray mixtures.Do not use RECKON® LV with Bordeaux mixture, “DuTer” (triphenyltin hydroxide), lime sulfur, “Rayplex” ironnor in highly aklaline solutions. Use mildly alkalinemixtures immediately after mixing to prevent loss ofinsecticidal activity.

SPRAY PREPARATIONSpray equipment must be clean and free of previouspesticide deposits before applying RECKON® LV.Fill spray tank 1/4 to 1/2 full of water. Add RECKON® LVdirectly to spray tank. Mix thoroughly. Use mechanical orhydraulic means; do not use air agitation. Spray mixshould not be stored overnight in spray tank.

(Directions for Use continued on supplemental labeling.)

(Restricted-entry information continued on supplemental labeling.)

1111144444

1111133333

1111133333

1111188888

1111177777

1111155555

1111166666

Rate Last Application—Days

Crops InsectsReckon® LV

Pts. Per Acre To Harvest

To LivestockGrazing/Feeding REI

Anise(fennel)

Cabbage Looper

Beet Armyworm

3

1-1/2 to 3

srh 847

Do not apply more than 4.5 lbs a.i./acre/crop.Do not make more than 10 applications/crop.

PESTICIDELABELING

Explanation of the Terms: Label; Supplemental Labeling; and Labeling.FIFRAand40CFRcontainlengthydefinitionsfortheterms“label”,“supplementallabel”,and“labeling”.Inaddition,therearerequirementsforplacementofthelabelandlabelingthatarerequiredforeachpesticideproduct.Thefollowingareparaphrasesofthosedefinitionstosimplifyunderstandingoflabels,labelingandlabelingrequirements.A“label”isanywritten,printed,

orgraphicmatterwithpestcontroldirections,requirements,prohibi-tions,andotherinformationsuchashealthandsafetyprecautions.Thelabelmustappearonorbesecurelyattachedtotheimmediatepesticideproductcontainerorpestcontroldevice.Ifanoutsidewrapper,bag,orboxobstructstheviewofthecontainerordevicelabel,thelabelmustalsobesecurelyattachedtotheoutsidewrapper,bag,orbox.A“supplementallabel”isany

labelthatisnotpartofthepesticidecontainerbutisotherwiseattachedtooraccompaniesthepesticideproductcontainerordevice.Somepesticidecontainersaretoosmalltoallowthecompletelabeltobeprintedonorsecurelyattachedtothem.Insuchcases,U.S.EPArequiresregistrantstoprovidesupplementallabels(Fig-ure1-1)withtheremainderofthecompletelabel.Supplementallabelsareusuallyplacedinplasticpouchesgluedtothesideofmetalandplasticcontainers.Paperpackagesusuallyhavesupplementallabelsinsertedunderthebottomflaps.Section18and24clabelsareexamplesofsupplementallabeling.Somelabelsrefertootherdocuments,suchasaMaterialSafetyDataSheet(MSDS)oracommoditytreatmentschedule.Agriculturalusepesticidelabelsalso


refertotheWorkerProtectionStandardprovisionsof40CFRpart170.Theseandotherdocu-mentsreferredtoonpesticidelabelsbecomepartofthepesticidelabel.“Labeling”includesalllabelsand

allotherwritten,printed,orgraphicmatteraccompanyingthepesticideproductcontainerordeviceatanytime,ortowhichreferenceismadeonthelabelorinliteratureaccompa-nyingthepesticideordevice.Thatisanotherwayofsayingthatlabelingis:• Thelabelonorattachedtothe

pesticideproductcontainerorpestcontroldevice

• Anylabelthatisattachedtothepesticidecontainerouterwrapperorashippingbagorbox

• Section18andsection24(c)labels,and

• Anyotherdocumentsreferencedonthelabel,suchaMSDSorcommoditytreatmentschedule.

40CFRoutlinestheformatforpesticidelabelsandtheinforma-tiontheymustcontain.Thelabelcontainsmandatorystatementsforrequiredorprohibitedpesticideuseactivitiesandpermissivestatementsforinformation.Mandatorystate-mentsmustbefollowed.Thesestate-mentsincludetermssuchas“shall”or“must.”Permissivestatementsincludetermssuchas“should”anddonotimposerequirements.Itisaviolationoffederallawtouseapesticideinconflictwithitsregis-teredFIFRAsection3label,orotherlabelissuedunderFIFRAsection18or24(c).

When to Read the Pesticide Label.Readthepesticidelabel(Figure1-2):• Before buying the pesticide.

Makesurethepesticideisregisteredforyourintendeduse.Confirmthattherearenorestrictionsorotherconditions


thatprohibitusingthispesticideattheapplicationsite.Becertainitsuseissuitableundercurrentweatherconditions.Also,besureitcontrolsthelifestageofyourpest.Findoutwhatprotectiveequipmentandspecialapplica-tionequipmentyouneed

• Before mixing and applying the pesticide. Learnhowtomixandsafelyapplythematerial.Findoutwhatprecautionstotaketopreventexposuretopeopleandnon-targetorganisms.Learnwhatfirstaidandmedicaltreatmentsarenecessaryshouldanaccidentoccur

• When storing pesticides.Findouthowtoproperlystorethepesticide.Understandthespecialprecautionstopreventfirehaz-ards,and

• Before disposing of unused pesticide and empty containers.Learnhowtopreventenvironmentalcontaminationandhazardstopeople.Beforedisposal,checkwiththeCountyAgricul-turalCommissionerinyourareaforlocalrestrictionsandrequirements.

The Information Provided in Pesticide LabelingRefertothecorrespondingnumbers

onthesamplepesticidelabel(Figure1-3)forexamplesofthefollowingpesticidelabelsections:

Brand Name.Abrandnameisthenamethemanufacturergivestotheproduct.Thisisthename

foundintheDPRdatabaseandusedtoadvertiseandpromotetheproduct.

Chemical Name.Chemicalnamesdescribethechemicalstructureofapesticideactiveingredient.

Chemistsfollowinternationalrulesfornamingchemicals.

Common Name. Chemicalnamesofpesticideactiveingredientsareoftencomplicated.Therefore,

manufacturesgivemostpesticidescommonorgenericnames.Forexam-ple,0,0-diethyl0(2-isopropyl-6meth-yl-4-pyrimidinyl)hasthecommonnamediazinon.Commonnamesandbrandnamesarenotthesame,andnotalllabelslistcommonnamesfortheactiveingredient(s).

Formulation.Labelsusuallylisttheformulationtype,suchasemulsifiableconcentrate,

wettablepowder,orsolublepowder.Manufacturersmayincludethisinfor-mationasasuffixinthebrandnameofthepesticide.Forexample,inthenamePrincep80W,the“W”indicatesawettablepowderformulation.

Ingredients.Pesticidelabelslistthepercentageofeachactiveingredientandtotalpercent-

ageoftheinertingredientsbyweight.Inertingredientsareallcomponentsoftheformulationthatdonothavepesticidalaction,thereforearenotconsideredactiveingredientsbutareintentionallyincludedintheproduct.Examplesincludesolvents,preservatives,stabilizers,etc.However,thesemaybetoxic,flammable,orposeothersafetyorenvironmentalproblems.Some,however,maybeharmless,suchasclay.Intheexamplegivenabove,thenamePrincep80Windicatesthatthereis80%byweightoftheactiveingredient2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-striazine.Ifthiswerealiquidformulation,thelabelwouldalsoindicatehowmanypoundsofactiveingredienttherearein1gallon.

Contents.Labelslistthenetcon-tents,byweightorliquidvol-ume,containedinthepackage.

3

1

2

4

5

6

Manufacturer/Producer.Pesticidelabelswillcontainthenameandaddressofthemanufac-

turer/produceroftheproduct.Usethecontactinformationifyouneedtocontactthemanufacturerforanyreason.Insomecasesacompanymanufactures/producesapesticideforanothercompanyorpersonwhoistheregistrant,andwhosenameappearsonthelabel.Thelabelwillthenqualifythatthemanufacturerisnottheregistrantwithwordingsuchas,“Manufacturedfor…”or“Producedfor…”

Registration and Establishment Numbers.U.S.EPAassignsregistrationnumberstoeach

pesticide.YouneedthisEPAnumberifyouarereportingtheuseofthepes-ticide.Inaddition,anestablishmentnumberidentifiesthesiteofmanufac-tureorrepackaging.

Signal Word.Animportantpartofeverylabelisthesignalword.Thesignalwordindicatesto

theuserthepesticideproduct’stoxicitylevel.Itisdeterminedbytheacute(shortterm)toxicitydataconductedonthepesticideproduct.Partoftheregistrationprocessassignseachpesticidetoatoxicitycategory,basedonacutetoxicitytohumansandnotedbythesignalword.Thewords“DANGER”and“DANGER/POISON”withaskullandcrossbonesindicatethatthepesticideishighlytoxic.Theword“DANGER”usedaloneindicatesthatthepesticideposesadangeroushealthhazard.“WARNING”indicatesmoderatetoxicity,and“CAUTION”meanslowtoxicity.

Precautionary Statements.Theprecau-tionarystatementsaredesignedtoprovidethepesticideuser

withinformationregardingthetoxic-ity,irritationandsensitizationhazards

associatedwiththeuseofapesticide,aswellastreatmentinstructionsandinformationtoreduceexposurepotential.Itincludesinformationonpotentialhazardstopeopleanddomesticanimalsandthetypeofprotectiveequipmenttowearwhilehandlingpackages,mixingandapply-ingtheproduct.Inaddition,inincludesinformation

onenvironmentalhazards,suchastheproduct’stoxicitytonon-targetorgan-ismssuchashoneybees,fish,birds,andotherwildlife.Thethirdpartoftheprecautionary

statementexplainsspecialphysicalandchemicalhazards.Theseincluderisksoffireorexplosionandhazardsfromfumes.

First Aid Statement. Thefirstaidstatementsprovideemergencyfirstaidinformation.They

describetheemergencyfirstaidproceduresforswallowing,skinandeyeexposure,andinhalationofdustorvapors.Thissectiontellsyouwhentoseekmedicalattention.

Statement of Use Classification.Asdescribedabove,U.S.EPAclas-sifiespesticidesaseithergeneral

use,unclassifiedorrestricteduse.U.S.EPArestrictedusepesticideshaveaspecialstatementprintedonthefrontpageofthelabel.Pesticidesthatdonotcontainthisstatementareeitherunclassifiedorgeneralusepesticides,exceptwherespecialstaterestrictionsapply.Somelabelshaverestrictivestatementsindicatingthattheyareforagriculturalorcommercialuseonly.Arestrictivestatementisdifferentfromastatementofuseclassification.

Directions for Use. Thedirectionsforuseareanimportantpartofthepesticidelabelthatmust

befollowedtokeepfromviolatingthelaw.Itisillegaltouseaproduct


8

9

10

7

12

13

11


inamannerinconsistentwiththedirectionsforuseexceptwherefederalorstatelawsspecifyacceptabledevia-tionsfromthelabel(seethesectiontitled,“DeviationsfromLabelDirec-tions”).Thedirectionsforuselistallthetargetpeststhatmanufacturersclaimtheirpesticidescontrol.Theyalsoincludethecrops,plantspecies,animals,orothersiteswherethepesticidecanbeused.Hereiswhereyoufindspecialrestrictionsthatyoumustobserve.Theseincludecropsthatyoumayormaynotplantinthetreatedarea(plantbackrestrictions).Theyalsoincluderestrictionsonfeedingcropresiduestolivestockorgrazinglivestockontreatedplants.Theseinstructionstellyouhow

toapplythepesticide.Theyspecifyhowmuchtouse,wheretousethematerial,andwhentoapplyit.Thedirectionsalsoincludethepre-harvestintervalsforallcropswheneverappropriate.Somelabelsrefertoa“harvestinterval”or“intervalbeforeharvest.”Thisintervalisthetime,indays,requiredafterapplicationbeforeyoumayharvestanagriculturalcrop.

Agricultural Use Requirements. ThisspecialstatementappearsintheDirectionsforUsesection

onlabelsofpesticidesapprovedforuseinproductionagriculture,com-mercialgreenhousesandnurseries,andforests.ItreferstothefederalWorkerProtectionStandard(CodeofFederalRegulations,Title40,part170),whichhasbeenincorporatedintothe3CCR.Itprovidesinforma-tiononthepersonalprotectiveequip-mentrequiredforearly-entryworkers.Italsogivestherestricted-entryintervalforworkers.Theagriculturaluserequirementsectionmaydifferfromotherrequirementsonthelabelorthoselistedin3CCR.Youmustusethepesticideinaccordancewiththemostrestrictiverequirements.

Restricted-Entry Statement. ARestricted-EntryInterval(REI)isthetimeperiod

immediatelyfollowingapesticideapplicationduringwhichentryintothetreatedareaisrestricted,REIsvaryaccordingtothetoxicityandspecialhazardsassociatedwiththepesticide.Thecroporsitebeingtreatedanditsgeographiclocationalsoinfluencethelengthoftheinterval.SomepesticideusesinCaliforniarequirelongerREIsthanthoselistedonthepesticidelabel.CheckwiththelocalCountyAgriculturalCommissionerforthisinformation.

Misuse Statement.Themisusestatementremindsuserstoapplypesticidesaccording

tolabeldirections.

Storage and Disposal. Directionsforproperlystoringanddisposingof

thepesticideandemptypesticidecontainersareanotherimportantpartofthelabel.Properdisposalofunusedpesticidesandpesticidecontainerscanreducehumanandenvironmentalhazards.Somepesticideshavespecialstoragerequirementsbecauseimproperstoragecausesthemtolosetheireffectiveness.Improperstoragecancauseexplosionsorfires.

Warranty.Manufacturersusuallyincludeawarrantyanddisclaimerontheirpesticide

labels.Thisinformationinformsyouofyourrightsasapurchaserandlimitstheliabilityofthemanufacturer.Note:Companiesarenotrequiredtoincludeawarrantystatementontheirlabel.However,exclusionofawarrantystatementisnotcommon.

18

16

17

14

15


DEVIATIONSFROMLABELDIRECTIONS

Youcansometimesusepesticidesinamannerthatseemstoconflictwithordeviatefromlabeldirections.Thesedeviationsgenerallyinvolvesaferorlessdisruptiveusesofthepesticide.Forinstance,UniversityofCalifornia(UC)PestManagementGuidelinesoftenrecommendpesti-cideratesthatarelowerthanlabelinstructions.Researchersrecommendtheseratestoprotectbeneficialorgan-isms.FederallawandCaliforniaregula-

tionsalloweightdeviationsfromlabeldirections;eachunderlimitedcircumstances.Theyinclude:

Decrease in rate per unit treated.Someguidelinescallforless

pesticidethantheamountlistedonthelabel,althoughthevolumeofdiluentorcarrier,suchaswateroroil,mustremainthesame.Thisisusuallybecausealowerrateislessdisrup-tivetonaturalenemies.Consider,forexample,theguidelinesforcontrol-lingspidermitesinalmonds.Ifthereareadequatelevelsofbeneficials,theguidelinesrecommendaslittleas1/10ofthelabelrateofspecificacaricides.Thelowerratereducespestnumberstoalevelwherepredatorscanmaintaincontrol.However,becautiousaboutusinglowerrates.Sometimesusinglowerratesspeedsupthedevelopmentofpesticideresistanceinthetargetorganism.Toavoidpossibleproblemswhenusinglowerrates,checkfirstwiththelocalfarmadvisor.Undernocircumstancecanyoulegallyincreasetheamountofpesticideyouapplybeyondthemaximumlabelrates.

Decrease in the concentration of the mixture applied.Labelinstructionsusuallystate

thevolumeofwatertousewhenpreparingaspraymixture.Itisalwayspossibletousemorewaterthanthis,howevertoomuchwatermaycauseexcessivedilutionandrunoff.Thisresultsinnotenoughofthepesticidegettingtothetargetpest.Inmostcases,useonlyasmuchwaterasnec-essarytoobtainthoroughcoverage.Besurethisisnotlessthanwhatthelabelstates.

Increase in concentration as long as it corresponds with published recommendations of the University of California.Therearetimeswhenitwouldbeconvenienttouseamoreconcentratedmixturethanthedilutionratespecifiedonthelabel.Althoughyouwouldapplynomorethanthelabeledrateofpesticide,youwouldpreferusinglessdiluentorcar-rier,suchaswateroroil.Iftherearecurrent,publishedUCguidelinesfordoingthis,youcanincreasethecon-centration.However,theseguidelinesarepesticide-specific.Complywithallotherlabelinstructions.Remember,verbalrecommendationsofanytypearenotacceptable.

Application at a frequency less than specified.Labelinstructionsoftenprescribehowoftentoapplyapesticide.Manufacturersrecommendthisfrequencytomaintainadequatecontrolofthepestbeingtreated.Itispermissibleunderthelawtomakeapplicationslessfrequentlythanthelabelrecommends.Ifyourmonitor-ingconfirmsthatlessfrequentap-plicationsadequatelycontrolpests,thereisnoneedtomakeadditionaltreatments.Additionalapplictionssometimesincreaseotherpestproblemsbydisruptingnaturalenemies.Besides,itisexpensivetouseunneededpesticides.However,reducingthefrequency

ofapesticideapplicationbelowlabel


recommendationsmayresultininadequatecontrol.Beforereducingapplicationfrequency,carefullymoni-torthepestpopulation.Youmayapplythepesticiderepeat-

edlyifthelabeldoesnotlimitthenumberofapplicationsoritstates“applyasneeded.”Monitorthepesttobesurethatrepeatedapplicationsarenecessary.Itisneverpermissibletoapplyapesticidemorefrequentlythantheintervallistedonthelabel.

Use to control a target pest not on the label when the commodity or site is on the label and use against an un-named pest is not expressly prohib-ited.Youmaywishtouseapesticideonacommodityorsitelistedonthelabel,butthelabeldoesnotlistthetargetpest.Aslongasthelabeldoesnotforbiduseofthispesticideagainstthepestonthecommodityorsite,youmayuseit.Becertainthelabelliststheintendedcommodityortargetsite.Followallotherlabelinstructions.

Use of any method of application not prohibited, provided other label directions are followed.Mostlabelrecommendationsdonotspecifyexactlyhowtoapplythepesticide.Shouldthisbethecase,itispossibletouseanypracticalmethod.However,besurethemethodyouchooseallowsyoutofollowallotherlabeldirections.Applyingapesticidebygroundorbyairisanexample.Ifthereisnopro-hibitionagainstaerialapplicationonthelabel,youmayuseeithermethod.However,youmustcomplywithalllabeldirections.Itmaynotbepossibletoapplyapesticidebyairwhenthelabelprohibitsthelowerdilutionraterequiredforaerialapplication.

Tank-mixing with another pesticide or fertilizer, unless prohibited.Youmaywanttocombineonepesticide

withoneorseveralothersorwithfertilizers.Thistypeofapplicationsavestime

andreducesapplicationcosts.Unlessspecificallyprohibitedbydirectionsonanyofthelabels,itispermissibletoapplypesticidesincombination.Eventhoughthelabeldoesnotprohibitmixtures,youmayexperi-enceincompatibilityproblemswithcertaincombinationsofpesticidesorpesticidesandfertilizers.Checkforincompatibilitybeforemixinglargevolumes.Nevermixapesticidewithanotherpesticideorfertilizerifthelabelprohibitssuchamixture.Labelrestrictionsmayspecifygeneralclassesofchemicalssuchassulfur-containingmaterials,alkalinechemicals,oroils.

Exceptions to or substitutions for personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements.StateregulationsprovideforthefollowingexceptionstosomepesticidelabelPPErequire-ments:• Whenusingaclosedsystem*

thatmeetsDPRclosedsystemcriteriatohandlepesticideproductswiththesignalword“DANGER”,“DANGER/POISON”or“WARNING”o Ifitdoesnotoperateunder

positivepressurehandlersmaysubstitutecoveralls,chemicalresistantgloves,andachemi-calresistantapronforthepersonalprotectiveequipmentrequiredbythepesticidelabel,or

o Ifitoperatesunderpositivepressure,handlersmustweareyeprotectionbutcanstillsubstitutecoveralls,chemicalresistantgloves,andachemi-calresistantapronforthepersonalprotectiveequipmentrequiredbythepesticidelabel.However,allpersonalprotec-tiveequipmentrequiredbythe


pesticideproductlabelmust

beimmediatelyavailableforuseinanemergency

*Note:Properlymixingpesticidespackagedinwater-solublepacketsisconsideredtobeusingaclosedsystem.• Whenusingaclosedsystem*

thatmeetsDPRclosedsystemcriteriatohandlepesticideproductswiththesignalword,“CAUTION”o Ifitdoesnotoperateunder

positivepressurehandlersmaysubstituteworkclothingforthepersonalprotectiveequipmentrequiredbythepesticidelabel,or

o Ifitoperatesunderposi-tivepressure,handlersmustweareyeprotectionbutcanstillsubstituteworkclothingforthepersonalprotectiveequipmentrequiredbythepesticidelabel.However,allpersonalprotectiveequip-mentrequiredbythepesti-cideproductlabelmustbeimmediatelyavailableforuseinanemergency

*Note:Properlymixingpesticidespackagedinwater-solublepacketsisconsideredtobeusingaclosedsystem.• Whenapplyingpesticidesfrom

anenclosedcab,includingthecockpitofanaircraft,handlers:o Maysubstituteworkclothing

forpersonalprotectiveequip-mentrequiredbythepesticideproductlabel,and

o Whenapplyingpesticidesfromanenclosedcab,otherthananaircraft,handlersmustwearrequiredrespira-toryprotectionwhileapplyingpesticidesfromgroundap-plicationequipmentunlessthecabisapprovedforrespiratoryprotection.

• Storeinachemical-resistantcontainerandhaveimmediatelyavailableallofthepersonalprotectiveequipmentrequiredbythepesticideproductlabel,and

• Wearthelabel-requiredpersonalprotectiveequipmentwhencontactingsurfaceswithpesticideswhenworkingoutsidethecab.


1. Which of the following is considered to be pesticide labeling?

❏ A.Spraynozzlecatalog❏ B.Aprintedpesticideadvertisement❏ C.ThefederalWorkerProtectionStandard❏ D.Awrittenrecommendation

2. When a pesticide registrant allows a pesticide product registration to lapse, pest control dealers❏ A.Mustimmediatelyreturnallunsoldstock❏ B.Cansellanddeliverthepesticideproductfor

twoyears❏ C.Mustretrieveallpreviouslysoldstock❏ D.Canindefinitelysellanddeliverthepesticide

product

3. When a pesticide product registration is can-celled, the sale and use of this product❏ A.Isautomaticallyprohibitedunderallcircum-

stances❏ B.Maycontinueunderconditionsimposedbythe

regulatoryagencyresponsibleforthecancella-tion

❏ C.Willbeallowedfortwoyearsfromthecancella-tiondate

❏ D.Isnotaffectedaslongasdetailedsalesrecordsarekeptcurrent

4. A Special Local Need Registration (SLN) allows❏ A.Growerstoapplythepesticidetoanycropas

longastheSLNisvalidinthegrower’sstate❏ B.Supplementalusesofthepesticideuniformly

throughouttheU.S.❏ C.Usesofpesticidesforcropsorsitesnotlisted

onthelabel❏ D.Anyfeasibleuseofthepesticideinthe

specifiedlocalarea

5. Which of the following is considered a supplemental label?❏ A.Salesliteraturedistributedbythepesticide

registrant❏ B.Asampleofapesticidelabelproducedby

theregistrant❏ C.Literaturecontaininguseandmaintenance

directionsforapplicationequipment❏ D.Apamphletcontainingusedirectionsand

restrictionsthatisattachedtothecontainer

6. On a pesticide label the signal word❏ A. Signifiestherelativeacutetoxicityof

thepesticideproduct❏ B. Identifiestheformulationofpesticide

product❏ C.Warnsofthepotentialcropdamagelevel❏ D.Identifiesrelativeeffectivenessorcontrollevel

7. The precautionary statements section of the label contains information about the ❏ A.Applicationrate❏ B.Cropsonwhichtheproductcanbeapplied❏ C.Relativetoxicityoftheproduct❏ D.Hazardstopeopleanddomesticanimals

8. Plant-back restrictions are found in the _________ section of the pesticide label❏ A.Precautionarystatements❏ B. Statementofpracticaltreatment❏ C. Contents❏ D.Directionsforuse

9. Making an application of a pesticide product at a rate less than specified in its label directions is ❏ A. Alwaysallowed.❏ B. Illegal.❏ C. Allowedonlyifyouobtainwritten

authorizationfromtheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.

❏ D.Allowedonlyiftheproductistankmixed.

10. Exceeding the maximum application rate of a pesticide product as per its label is❏ A. Alwaysallowed.❏ B. Illegal.❏ C. Allowedonlyifyouobtainwritten

authorizationfromtheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.

❏ D.Allowedonlyiftheproductistankmixedwithanothersimilarproduct.


Restricted Materials22 FERERAL RESTRICTED

USE PESTICIDES 26

CALIFORNIA RESTRICTED MATERIALS 26

REVIEW QUESTIONS 33

PESTICIDESWITHCERTAINactiveingredientsarepotentiallymorehazardousthanothersevenwhentheyareusedaccordingtotheregisteredlabel.U.S.EPAhasdesig-natedtheseasrestrictedusepesti-cides.DPRhasdesignatedadditionalpesticideswithcertainactiveingredi-entsasCaliforniarestrictedmaterials.TheCaliforniarestrictedmaterialslistincludesU.S.EPArestrictedusepesticidesandthosepesticidesDPRhasdesignatedasCaliforniarestrict-edmaterials.ThepossessionoruseofrestrictedmaterialsisregulatedmorecloselyandpermittedonlyunderarestrictedmaterialspermitissuedbytheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.Afterevaluatinganapplicant’squalifications,theCountyAgriculturalCommissionermayissueapermittopossessanduserestrictedmaterialstocertifiedcommercialorprivateapplicators.

FEDERALRESTRICTEDUSEPESTICIDES

Federalrestrictedusepesticides,whichbearthestatement“RestrictedUsePesticide”onthelabel,arerestrictedbecauseU.S.EPAhasdeterminedthattheir:• Acutedermal(skin)orinhalation

(lung)toxicitypresentshazardstoapplicatorsorothers,and

26 • RESTRICTED MATERIALS

• Usebypeoplewhohavenotdemonstratedalevelofcom-petenceinthesafehandlingofpesticidescouldleadtounrea-sonableharmtopeopleandtheenvironment.

CALIFORNIARESTRICTEDMATERIALS

Californiaclassifiespesticideswithcertainactiveingredients,includingfederalrestrictedusepesticides,asCaliforniarestrictedmaterials.Itisdeterminedthatthesepesticides,evenwhenusedaccordingtolabelingre-quirementsandrestrictions,maystillposedangersandhazardsto:• Publichealth• Pesticidehandlersand

fieldworkers• Domesticanimals,including

honeybees,ortocropsfromdirectapplicationordrift

• Streams,lakes,orwildlifesanctuariesfromdirectapplicationordrift

• Fish,wildbirds,orotherwildliferesultingfrompersistentresiduesinthesoilthatcouldresultincontaminationoftheair,waterways,estuaries,orlakes,and

• Subsequentcropsthroughpersistentsoilresidues.

DPRenforcesregulationsaboutthepossessionanduseofanyrestrictedmaterial.Theseregulationsprescribethetimewhen,andtheconditionsunderwhich,arestrictedmaterial

RESTRICTED MATERIALS • 27

maybepossessedorusedinCalifor-nia.Useislimitedtosituationsinwhich:• Itisreasonablycertainthatno

injurywillresult,and• Thereisnonon-restrictedmate-

rialorprocedurethatisequallyeffectiveandpractical.

Supervision Standards for Certified Applicators.Californiarestrictedmaterialswhichincludefederalrestrictedusepesticidesshallbeusedonlyby,orunderthesupervisionof,acertifiedcommercialorprivateapplicator,unlessthelabelspecifiesotherwise.Thecertifiedapplicatorresponsibleforthissupervisionmustbeawareoftheconditionsatthesiteofapplicationandbeavailabletodirectorcontrolthemannerinwhichapplicationsaremadebynon-certifiedapplicators.Theavailabilityofthecertifiedapplicatormustbedirectlyrelatedtotheactualorpotentialhazardofthesituation.Thelabelsofsomefederalrestricted

usepesticidesrequirethecertifiedapplicatortoprovidedirectsupervi-sionandtobephysicallypresentwhennon-certifiedhandlersarein-volvedinmixing,loading,orapplyingthesepesticidesandwhentheyrepairorcleantheapplicationequipment.

(Figure2-1).“Physicallypresent”meansthecertifiedapplicatormustremaininthelineofsightto:• Observethatnon-certifiedhan-

dlersfollowthelabeldirections,• Provideguidanceifthelabel

isunclear,• Interveneifthenon-certified

handlerfailstofollowsafeandeffectivehandlingproceduresorfailstoadheretolabeldirections,and

• Respondifanemergencyorunusualsituationoccurs.

Restricted Material Use Permit.Usersmustpossessavalidrestrictedmaterialusepermitbeforetheycanpurchase,possessoruseanyrestrictedmaterialforagriculturalandnon-agriculturaluse.Therestrictedmaterialusepermitwillimposeadditionalspecificlimitations:• Incertainareas• Undercertainconditionsrelating

tosafety• Regardingcertainspecified

quantitiesorconcentrations• Regardingcertainmixtures• Incompliancewithindustrial

safetyordersoftheDepartmentofIndustrialRelationsandanyorderofDPRorCountyAgricul-turalCommissioner,and

FIGURE2-1.

The labels of some federal restricted use pesticides require the certified applicator to provide direct supervision and to be physically present when non-certified handlers apply, mix, or load these pesticides or repair or clean application equipment.

• Agreeduponbythepropertyoperatortocomplywithcondi-tionsintherestrictedmaterialusepermit.

ArestrictedmaterialpermitisnotrequiredforusingorpossessingafederalrestrictedusepesticidethatisnotlistedasaCaliforniarestrictedmaterial.However,youmustbecertifiedapplicatortouseorsuperviseafederalrestrictedusepesticideevenifarestrictedmaterialpermitisnotrequired.

Beforearestrictedmaterialspermitisissued,theCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPRmustconsiderlocalconditions,includingthefollowing:• Locationofschools,homes,

hospitals,recreationalareas,orlivestockenclosures

• Problemsrelatedtotheproximityofdissimilarcrops

• Thepossibilityofresurgenceofprimaryorsecondarypeststhatmayresultfromimproperpesticidechoice.Theapplicationmightkillparasitesorpredators,subsequentlypromotinganewormoreseverepestproblem.

• Weatherconditions• Timingofapplicationsinrela-

tiontobeeactivity(Figure2-2).Propertimingcangreatlyreducehazardstobees.Somepesticides,whenappliedatnightorearlyinthemorningdonotpresentaseverehazardtobees,whilethesamepesticideappliedduringthedaymayhaveadevastatingeffectonbees,and

• Pesticidestoragefacilitiesanddisposalofusedcontainers.Allpesticidesmustbestoredinalockedenclosureexceptwhensomeoneisphysicallyincontrolofthem.Thestorageandcon-


tainerdisposalrequirementsareaddressedinChapter4.

Pestcontroloperationsmustalwaysbecarriedoutinaccordancewithallpermitconditions.Thespecificconditionsofusewillbespelledoutineachrestrictedmaterialspermit,buteverypermitissuedisconditionedoncompliancewiththeregisteredlabel(s)andapplicablelawsandregulations.Pestcontrolbusinessesengagedin

pestcontrolforhireandindividualsengagedinpestcontrolmusthaveavailableacopyofthe:• Usepermitcoveringeach

agriculturaluseapplicationofapesticidethatrequiresapermit,and

• Writtenpestcontrolrecom-mendationfromalicensedpestcontroladviserORgrower’sworkordercoveringeachagriculturaluseapplicationofageneralusepesticideorapesticidethatrequiresapermit.

Alternatives and Mitigation Measures.Agriculturalpestcontroladvisersandgrowersmustmakepestcontroldecisionswiththeaimofcausingtheleastadverseimpactontheenvironment.Whendeterminingwhentouseapesticidethatrequiresapermit,theymustconsiderandadoptiffeasible,anyreasonable,effective,andpracticalmitigationmeasuresoruseanyfeasiblealternativethatwouldsubstantiallylessenanysignificantharmfuleffectsontheenvironment.

Non-Agricultural Restricted Mate-rial Use Permit.Restrictedmaterialspermitsfornon-agriculturalusemaybeissuedtotheoperatoroftheprop-ertytobetreatedortothedesignatedlicensedpestcontrolbusiness.Aper-mitisvalidforpossessionoruseonlybythepersonnamedinthepermit.A


restrictedmaterialsusepermitappli-cationfornon-agriculturalusemustincludethefollowinginformation:• Nameandaddressoftheap-

plicant(propertyoperatororpestcontrolbusiness)

• Restrictedmaterialstobepossessedorused

• Pestorpeststobecontrolled• Methodofapplication,and• Criteriafordeterminingtheneed

forthepesticideapplication.

Agricultural Restricted Material Use Permit. Anagriculturalrestrictedmaterialusepermitmustbesiteandtimespecific.Apermitisvalidforpossessionoruseonlybythepersonnamedinthepermit.Theyareissuedtothepropertyoperatornamedinthepermit,butmaybesignedbythe:• Operatorofthepropertyto

betreated• Propertyoperator’sauthorized

representative,or• LicensedAgriculturalPest

ControlAdviserauthorizedbythepropertyoperator.

Theoperatorofthepropertyisresponsibleforcompliancewithallpermitconditionsregardlessofwhosignsthepermit.Anagriculturalrestrictedmaterialusepermitap-plicationmustincludethefollowinginformation:• Nameandaddressofthe

applicant• Locationofeachpropertytobe

treated• Identificationandlocationof

allknownareasthatcouldbeadverselyimpactedbytheuseofthepesticideorpesticides.Theseareasinclude,butarenotlimitedto,hospitals,schools,playgrounds,residentialareas,laborcampsandotherhousingforworkers,parks,lakes,water-ways,wildlifemanagementareas,ornearbylivestockorcrops.A

maporaerialphotographmaybeusedfordesignatingsuchareas.

• Identificationofeachcommod-ity,crop,orsitetobetreated

• Anticipatedpestproblemsforeachcroppestorpeststobecontrolled

• Proposedlistoftherestrictedmaterialsnecessarytocontroleachpestoneachcommodity,crop,orsite

• Approximatedatesorcropstagesoftheintendedpesticideapplica-tionorapplications

• Expectedmethodofapplicationincludingthedilution,thevol-umeperacreorotherunit,andthedosage,and,

• Nameofthepestcontrolbusi-ness,ifany,thatwillberespon-sibleforusingorpossessingtherestrictedmaterial;includingthename,thebusinessaddress,andthecertificateorlicensenumberandexpirationdateofthecertifiedcommercialapplicatorresponsibleforthepestcontrolbusiness.

ThesubmittedrestrictedmaterialspermitapplicationandtheNoticeofIntentprocessauthorizestheCountyAgriculturalCommissionertodeter-minewhetherasubstantialenviron-mentalimpactwillresultfromtheproposedapplicationandtocondi-tionordenythepermittopreventsuchimpact.

Restricted Materials Permit Evaluation.Beforeissuingarestrictedmaterialusepermitandwhenevalu-atingaNoticeofIntent,theCountyAgriculturalCommissionermustconsidertheenvironmentalimpactoftheproposedpesticideuse.Iftheydeterminethatasubstantialadverseeffectontheenvironmentislikely,theymustdecidewhetherthereisafeasiblealternative,includingthealternativeofnopesticideapplication,

FIGURE2-2.

Before a restricted materials permit is issued, the county agricultural commissioner must consider local conditions, including the timing of applica-tions in relation to bee activity.

orfeasiblemitigationmeasuresthatcouldsubstantiallyreducetheadverseimpact.Iftheyidentifyfeasiblealter-nativesormitigationmeasures,theymustdenythepermitorintendedpesticideapplication,orapproveitontheconditionthatmitigationmea-suresareused.Whentheymakethesedetermi-

nations,theCountyAgriculturalCommissionermustconsiderandmakeuseoftheirknowledgeoflocalconditions,applicablesectionsoftheCaliforniaFoodandAgriculturalCodeandtheCaliforniaCodeofRegulations,pestmanagementguide-lines,DPR’sPesticideSafetyInforma-tionSeries(PSIS)leaflets,informationobtainedfrommonitoringotherpestcontroloperations,andanyotherinformationprovidedbyDPR.Inadditiontotherequiredinfor-

mation,eachnon-agriculturaloragriculturalpermitmustcontainthefollowinginformation:• Anyappropriateconditions

orlimitationsontheuseofthepesticideorpesticides,includingavailablePSISleafletsforeachpesticideincludedonthepermit

• Therequirements,ifany,foraNoticeofIntentpriortothepesticideapplication,and

• Anyotherappropriatecondi-tionsorlimitationssuchasthosedescribedinpestmanagementguidelines.TheCountyAgricul-turalCommissionerwillinformthepermitholderofthepestmanagementguidelinesthatareapplicabletothepestcontrolauthorizedinthepermit,andwheretoobtainthem.

Notice of Intent.Iftheapprovedandissuedrestrictedmaterialuseper-mitdoesnotspecifythedateandtimeoftheapplicationorapplications,thepropertyoperatormustassurethata


NoticeofIntenttotheCountyAgricul-turalCommissionerisprovidedatleast24hoursbeforebeginningtheapplica-tion.Theapplicationcannottakeplaceuntilafter24hourshavepassed,unlesstheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerdeterminesthat:• Becauseofthenatureofthe

commodityorpestproblem,youareallowedtostartyourapplicationsoonertoattaineffectivepestcontrol,or

• Evaluationoftheintendedapplicationdoesnotrequire24hours.

TheNoticeofIntentmaybesubmittedbythepropertyoperator,theoperator’sauthorizedrepresenta-tive,orthelicensedpestcontrolbusinessmakingthepesticideapplica-tion,andmustprovideinformationabouttheproposedapplication.Ifthisinformationhasalreadybeenprovidedontherestrictedmaterialspermit,youcanrefertothepermit,otherwisetheNoticeofIntentmustincludethe:• Restrictedmaterialspermitnumber• Nameandaddressofthe

permitteeandtheapplicator

• Locationofareastobetreatedandthenameofthefarmoperator

• Croporcommodity,orifthereisnocroporcommodity,thesitetobetreated

• Approximateacresorotherunitstobetreated

• Methodofapplicationandtherestrictedmaterialorrestrictedmaterialstobeused

• Dilution,thevolumeperacreorotherunits,andthedosage

• Pestorpeststobecontrolled• Datetheintendedapplication

istocommence,and• Locationsandidentityofareas

thathavechangedsincetheper-mitwasissuedandthatmaybeadverselyimpacted.


Restricted Material Use Permit Duration.Apermittousearestrictedmaterialisusuallyvalidforoneyearorforasinglegrowingseason,unlessitisrevokedorsuspended.However,theCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerorDPRmayissuepermitsforperennialagriculturalplantings,non-productionagriculturalsites,ornon-agriculturalsitesthatarevalidforuptothreeyears.Afterthepermitexpires,thepermitteemayretainpos-sessionoftherestrictedmaterialforwhichthepermitwasvalid,providedthepesticideisnotheldforsale,andisstoredproperly.Storagerequire-mentsareaddressedinChapter4ofthisStudyGuide.

Pesticide Safety Information Series (PSIS) Leaflets.DPRhasdevelopedPSISleafletstoprovideadditionalinformationaboutpesticides,groupsofpesticides,orgeneralinformationaboutpesticideuse,forexamplefirstaid,respiratoryprotection,storage,anddisposal.TheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerwillprovideallapplicablePSISleafletstorestrictedmaterialspermitteeswhenapermitisissued.PSIS“SeriesA”hasbeenwrittenforuseinagriculturalset-tings,andPSIS“SeriesN”isforuseinnon-agriculturalsettings.

Generalized Effects.Ifatanytimepesticideresidues,symptoms,orhealthhazardsappeargenerallythroughoutanyarea,DPRortheCountyAgriculturalCommissionermaymakeafieldinspection.Iftheydeterminethatsubstantialloss,dam-age,orinjuryislikelytoresultfromcontinuedapplicationofaspecificpesticidewithinsuchanarea,theymaycancelallpermitsforapplica-tionsofthatpesticidewithinthatareaandspecifythatnoadditionalpermitsmaybeissueduntilfurthernotice.

Use Requirements.Californiarestrictedmaterialuseregulationsapplytoeveryonewhoreceivesarestrictedmaterialspermitandmayinclude,forexample,restrictionsregarding:• Theamountofpesticidethatcan

beapplied• Themethodsofapplication• Wheretherestrictedmaterialcan

beapplied,and• Additionalprotectiveclothing

andsafetyequipmentthatmustbewornorused.

Employersarerequiredtosupplytheiremployeeswithallspecifiedprotectiveclothingandsafetyequip-mentandtoensurethattheemploy-eeswearandusetherequiredequip-ment.Thisemployerrequirementappliesunderallcircumstanceswhenemployeeshandlepesticides.Pest Control Dealer Responsibility.

Licensedpestcontroldealersmusthaveacopyofthevalidrestrictedmaterialusepermitbeforetheycansellordeliverarestrictedmaterial.Thepermitshowsthatthebuyerisauthorizedtobuy,possessorusetherestrictedmaterialduringthevalidperiod.OtherpestcontroldealerrequirementsareaddressedinChapter3.

Exempt Materials.DPRexemptssomepesticidesfrompermitrequire-ments.Thesearepesticidesthathavebeendeterminedtorequirenofurtherrestrictionsbeyondthoseimposedbyfederalregulationsandthelabel.DPRmaintainsalistofexemptmaterials.

Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation of a Restricted Materials Permit.TheCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionercanrefuse,revoke,orsuspendarestrictedmaterialusepermitifthepermitholderviolatesanycondition

ofthepermit,oranyprovisionofthelawsorregulations.Violationsinclude:• Failuretopreparepesticideuse

recordsandkeeptheseonfilefortwoyears,orfailuretoreportpesticideuse

• Preparingfalseorfraudulentrecordsorreports,and


• RefusingtoallowtheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPRtoenterandinspectatreatmentsiteorstoragefacility,inspectapplicationequipment,orthepesticideproductorproductsbeingused.


1. U.S. EPA may classify a pesticide as a re-stricted use pesticide if it❏ A.Isineffectiveunlessusedattwice

thelabel-recommendedrate.❏ B.Presentsasignificantdermalhazard

toapplicators.❏ C.Leavesvisibleresiduesontreatedsurfaces.❏ D.Doesnotbreakdownwithin7days.

2. Any person in California who applies or supervises the application of a restricted material must❏ A.Attend20hoursofspecialtraining.❏ B.NotifythelocalUCCooperativeExtension

advisorbeforemakingorsupervisinganapplication.

❏ C.Obtainamedicalreleasefromaphysician.❏ D.BeaDPR-certifiedcommercialor

privateapplicator.

3. Which two documents must individuals who are engaged in pest control for hire have avai-lable when making an agricultural use application of a pesticide that requires a permit?❏ A.Copiesoftheirpestcontrolbusinesslicense

andtheapplicableUCPestManagementGuideline.

❏ B.CopiesoftheapplicableUCPestManage-mentGuidelineandcopyofthecurrentrestrictedmaterialspermit.

❏ C.Thegrower’sworkorderandpestcontrolbusinesslicense.

❏ D.Copiesofthewrittenpestcontrolrecommen-dationorgrower’sworkorderandthecurrentrestrictedmaterialspermit.

4. An application for a restricted materials permit for non-agricultural use must include the❏ A.NameandaddressofthenearestCounty

AgriculturalCommissioner.❏ B.Nameandaddressoftheindividualwho

willbemakingtheapplication.❏ C.Criteriafordeterminingtheneedforthe

pesticideapplication.❏ D.Knownhealtheffectsofthepesticideto

beapplied.

5. Restricted material use permits for the agricultural use must be ❏ A.Siteandtimespecific.❏ B.Mailedorpersonallydeliveredtoanyone

livingwithin1/4mileoftheapplication.❏ C.ApprovedbytheCaliforniaDepartmentof

PesticideRegulation.❏ D.Postedinacentrallocationfor30dayafter

theapplication.

6. Which of the following is not required information on a Notice of Intent?❏ A.Thedatetheintendedapplicationwillbegin.❏ B.Anindicationoftheapproximateacresor

unitstobetreated.❏ C.Thepestorpeststobecontrolled.❏ D.Asignedstatementreleasingtheproperty

owneroroperatorfromliability.

7. The Pesticide Safety Information Series leaflets with the “N” designation are written for ❏ A.Non-certifiedpesticidehandlers.❏ B.Non-agriculturalsettings.❏ C.Non-traditionalmethodsof

pesticideapplication.❏ D.Non-Englishspeakingpesticidehandlers.

8. Certain pesticides may be exempt from permit requirements in California if DPR Director determines that the pesticide❏ A.Applicationmaybesupervisedby

anon-certifiedhandler.❏ B.WillcausenohazardsinCalifornia.❏ C.IstoohazardoustouseinCalifornia.❏ D.Requiresnofurtherrestrictionsbeyondthose

imposedbyfederalregulationsandthelabel.


Certification & Licensing33 GENERAL CERTIFICATION

AND LICENSING REQUIREMENTS 36

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR INDIVIDUAL LICENSING AND CERTIFICATION 37

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BUSINESS LICENSING 44

REVIEW QUESTIONS 54

GENERALCERTIFICATIONANDLICENSINGREQUIREMENTS

Followingarethegeneralrequire-

mentsforsubmittinginitialandrenewal

applicationsforDPRcertificationor

licensing.Laterinthechapteryouwill

findspecificinformationforeachcertifi-

cateandlicensetype.

Initial Application.Youmustsubmit

therequired:

• Applicationform

• Applicationfee

• Examinationfee,and

• Informationanddocumentation,

suchasproofofhaving

o Validliabilityandworkers

compensationinsurance

o AvalidFederalAviation

Administration(FAA)pilot

certificateandmedical

certificate,and

o Minimumworkand

educationalexperience.

Renewal Application.Youmustmeet

allrenewalrequirementsbeforeyour

certificateorlicenseexpires.Individuals

mustearnalloftherequiredcontinuing

educationhoursbeforeDecember31,of

theyearyourcertificateorlicenseexpires.

Otherwise,youcannotrenewandwill

havetosubmitanapplicationforanew

certificateorlicense.Youmustsubmit:

• Therenewalapplicationandfee

• Proofofcompletingcontinuing

educationhours,and

36 • CERTIFICATION & LICENSING

• AnyotherrequiredinformationanddocumentationbeforeDecember31,oftheyearthatyourcertificateorlicenseexpires.

Late Renewal Submission Penalty Fee.Youwillhavetopayalatesubmis-sionpenaltyfeeifyousubmityourrenewalapplication,renewalapplica-tion,renewalfee,oranyotherrequiredinformationanddocumentationafterDecember31,oftheyearthatyourcertificationorlicenseexpires.Also,ifyourcertificateorlicenseexpiresbeforeitisrenewedyoucannotworkunderitandwillhavetowaituntilitisrenewedoryouobtainanotheronethroughexamination.

Expired Certificate and License. Youcannotworkunderanexpiredcertifi-cateorlicense.

Failure to Meet the Renewal Requirements.Individualsarenotallowedtorenewiftheyfailtomeetthecontinuingeducationrequire-mentsbeforetheirlicenseorcertificateexpires.Inthesecircumstances,theymustsubmitaninitialapplicationandfee,aswellasanyrequiredexami-nationfeesiftheywishtobelicensedorcertified.Businessesarenotallowedtorenew

iftheyfailtopossessvalidliabilityinsuranceorworkercompensationinsuranceordonothaveavalidqualifiedpersonwhentheysubmitarenewalapplication.Ifyoumeetthe

CERTIFICATION & LICENSING • 37

insurancerequirementandqualifiedpersonrequirementbutyousubmittherenewalapplicationandproofofinsuranceaftertheDecember31,expirationdate,youwillhavetopayalatesubmissionpenaltyfee,inadditiontotherenewalfee.

Registration with the County Agricultural Commissioner.WithsomeofthecertificatesandlicensesyoumustregisterannuallywiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionerbeforeperforminganypesticideuseorpestcontrolworkinthatcounty.Somecountieswillchargeafeeforcertaincertificatesorlicenses.Insomecasesregistrationmustbedoneinpersonoritcanbedoneviamail.Formorede-tails,checkwiththecommissionerofeachcountywhereyoumustregister.

Grounds for Denying, Revoking, or Suspending any DPR Certificate or License.DPRcandenyanapplication,andrevokeorsuspendanyoftheindividualandbusinesscertificatesorlicensesitissuesforavarietyofrea-sons,andusuallyafterahearing.DPRisauthorizedtotakeactionwhenitisfoundthatanindividualorbusiness:• Makesanyfalseorfraudulent

recordorreport• Failstoadequatelysupervisethe

useofarestrictedmaterial• Failstocomplywiththelawsand

regulationsgoverningpesticidesandpesticideuse

• Isnotqualifiedtoconductthepestcontroloperationsinaccordancewiththeircertificateorlicense

• Doesnotholdanappropriateandvalidcommercialpilot’scer-tificateandacurrentappropriatemedicalcertificateissuedbytheFAA

• Hasviolatedanyprovisionsofthelawsandregulationspertainingtopesticides,any

industrialsafetyorderoftheDepartmentofIndustrialRela-tions,orhasnotcompliedwithanyorderoftheCountyAgricul-turalCommissionerorDPR

• FailstonotifyDPR,inwriting,ofanychangeofaddress

• Failstocomplywiththelawsandregulationsrelatingtopesticides

• Makesfalseormisleadingstatementsinwrittenrecordsorreports

• Makesfalseormisleadingstate-mentsregardingthepestcontrolwork

• Makesfalseorfraudulentstate-ments,ormisrepresentingorfailingtodiscloseimportantfactswhenyouapplyforalicenseorrenewalofalicense

• Failstoputrecommendationsinwritingormakesfalseorfraudu-lentstatementsinwrittenrecom-mendations

• Violatesapplicablestateorfeder-allawsorregulations,orviolatesregulationsadoptedbythelocalCountyAgriculturalCommissioner

• Failstopasstheexaminationonlawsandregulations,orfailstopassatleastonepestcontrolcategoryexamination,or

• Makesarecommendationinacategoryinwhichheorsheisnotlicensed.

SPECIFICREQUIREMENTSFORINDIVIDUALCERTIFICATESANDLICENSES

Applicator Certificates and Licenses.Followingarethespecificrequire-mentsforthe:• QualifiedApplicatorCertificate• QualifiedApplicatorLicense• PestControlAircraftPilot

Certificate—Apprentice,and• PestControlAircraftPilot

Certificate–Journeyman.

Qualified Applicator Certificate. YoumustpossessaQualifiedApplica-torCertificate(QAC)beforeyoucanuseorsupervisetheuseofrestrictedusepesticides/restrictedmaterials.However,individualsthatholdonlyaMaintenanceGardenerQAC–Qisnotauthorizedtopurchase,apply,orsupervisetheapplicationofrestrictedmaterials.Inordertopurchase,ap-ply,orsupervisetheuseofrestrictedmaterialsinamaintenancegardeningsetting,theindividualshallpossessavalidQACintheLandscapeMainte-nancePestControlCategoryB.Youcanbethequalifiedresponsible

personforamaintenancegardeningpestcontrolbusiness,when• YouhavetheQACLandscape

MaintenancePestControlCategoryB,or

• YouhavetheQACMaintenanceGardenerPestControlCategoryQ.

However,thiscertificatedoesnotauthorizeyoutoactastheresponsiblepersonforalicensedpestcontrolbusi-ness.

Minimum Requirements—QAC.YoumustpassthecoreexaminationonLaws,RegulationsandBasicPrinciplesandatleastonepestcontrolcategoryexaminationbeforebeingissuedaninitialQAC.Thetypeofpestcontrolthatwillbeconductedmustfallunderthescopeofthepestcontrolcategory.

Continuing Education Requirements— QAC.Formostpestcontrolcategories,youmustcompleteaminimumof20hoursofDPR-approvedpestmanage-mentandpesticideinstructionduringthetwo-yearvalidperiodifyouwishtorenewyourQAC.Atleastfourhoursofthiscontinuingeducationmustpertaintopesticidelawsandregulations.ThereisnograceperiodaftertheDecember31,expirationdateifyoufailtoearntherequirednumber


ofcontinuingeducationhours.Ifyou

failtomeettheminimumcontinuingeducationrequirementsyoucannotrenew.Thecontinuingeducationrecord-keepingrequirementsforalllicenseandcertificateholdersaread-dressedlaterinthischapter.ToagainpossesstheQACyoumustagainap-plytotaketherequiredexaminations.ThefollowingexceptionstotheCErequirementsapplytoaQACholderwhohasonlythe:• MaintenanceGardenerPest

ControlCategoryQmusthaveaminimumofeighthoursofDPR-approvedpestmanage-mentandpesticideinstructionforeachtwo-yearvalidperiod.Includedintheeighthoursofinstructionmustbeatleasttwohourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations;or

• Antifouling-tributyltinPestControlCategoryM;SewerLineRootControlPestControlCat-egoryN;and/orMicrobialPestControlPestControlCategoryPshallcompleteaminimumofeighthoursofapprovedcontinu-ingeducationrelatingtopestmanagementandpesticides,includingnotlessthantwohourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations;or

• AQACholderwhohasonlytheSeedTreatmentPestControlCategoryHmusthaveaminimumoffourhoursofDPR-approvedpestmanagementandpesticideinstructionforeachtwo-yearcertificateperiod.Includedinthefourhoursofinstructionmustbeatleasttwohourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations.

Qualified Applicator License. TheQualifiedApplicatorLicense(QAL)isrequiredforthepersonwhoisresponsibleforsupervisingthepest


controloperationsofalicensedPestControlBusiness,whetherrestrictedusepesticides,restrictedmaterialsorgeneralusepesticidesarebeingused.ApersonwiththislicensemayalsouseorsupervisetheuseofpesticidesunderalicensedMaintenanceGar-denerPestControlBusiness,iftheyarequalifiedintheLandscapeMainte-nancePestControlCategoryB.

Minimum Requirements—QAL.BeforeaninitialQALisissued,orbeforealicenseisissuedtoapersonwhohasnotpossessedavalidQualifiedApplicatorLicensewithinthelast12months,applicantsmustpassthe“Laws,Regulations,andBasicPrin-ciples”examination.Inaddition,theymustpassoneormoreofthecategoryexaminations,dependingonwhattypeofpestcontrolwillbeconductedbythebusiness.AQALholdermayuseorsupervisetheuseofanypesti-cide,restricteduse,restrictedmaterialorgeneraluse,onlyinthecategoriesinwhichtheyhavebeenfoundtobequalifiedthroughtheexaminationprocess.

Continuing Education Require-ments— QAL.Formostpestcontrolcategories,torenewyourQALyoumustcompleteaminimumof20hoursofDPR-approvedpestmanage-mentandpesticideinstructionwithineachtwo-yearlicenseperiod.Atleastfourhoursofthiscontinuingeducationmustpertaintopesticidelawsandregulations.Thereisnograceperiod.Ifyoufailtoearntherequirednumberofcontinuingeducationhoursbeforethelicenseexpirationdate,youcannotrenew.Toagainpossessthelicenseyoumustagainpasstheexaminations.ThefollowingexceptionstotheCErequirementsapplytoaQALholderwhohasonlythe:

• SeedTreatmentPestControl

CategoryHmusthaveamini-mumoffourhoursofDPR-approvedpestmanagementandpesticideinstructionforeachtwo-yearlicenseperiod.In-cludedinthe4hoursofinstruc-tionmustbeatleasttwohourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations;or

• Antifouling-tributyltinPestControlCategoryM;SewerLineRootControlPestControlCat-egoryN;and/orMicrobialPestControlPestControlCategoryPshallcompleteaminimumofeighthoursofapprovedcontinu-ingeducationrelatingtopestmanagementandpesticides,includingnotlessthantwohourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations.

Thecontinuingeducationrecord-keepingrequirementsforalllicenseesandcertificateholdersareaddressedlaterinthischapter.

County Registration.Countyregis-trationisnotrequiredforaQAL.However,ifyouaretheresponsiblepersonforapestcontrolbusinessandthebusinessplanstoworkinasingleorvariouscounties,thepestcontrolbusinessmustregisterwitheachCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerwheretheyplantowork.YourQALcardwillbeimprintedontheCountyRegistrationform,sinceyouarethebusiness’sresponsibleperson.Mostcountiesrequireafee

forpestcontrolbusinesslicenseregistration.Thefeeappliestotheregistrationoftheprincipalofficelocationandeachbranchofficelocation.Registrationisrequiredannuallyandcoversonecalendaryear.Forinformationonthecountyregistrationfees,contacttheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerwhereyourbusinessintendstooperate.

Pest Control Aircraft Pilot Certifi-cate—(PCAPC).Ifyouperformpestcontrolwhileoperatinganaircraftyoumustholdavalid:• DPRPestControlAircraftPilot

Certificate• CommercialFAA

pilot’scertificate• Medicalcertificateissued

bytheFAA,and• MeetallotherFAA

requirements.

YoumustpossessavalidPCAPCtoconductpestcontrolasaprivateapplicatororcommercialapplicator.Therearetwotypesofpilotcertifi-

cates:ApprenticeandJourneyman.Toearnthecertificates,youmustpassexaminationtodemonstrateyour:• Abilitytolegallyandsafely

conductaerialpestcontroloperations,and

• Knowledgeofthenatureandeffectofaerialpestcontrol.

Beforeaninitialapprenticecertifi-

cateisissuedyoumustpassacoreexaminationonLaws,RegulationsandBasicPrinciplesandtheApprenticePilotexaminations.YoumustpasstheJourneymanPilotexaminationtogettheJourneymanPilotCertificate.

Minimum Requirements for the Apprentice Pilot.BeforeyoustarttomakeaerialpestcontrolapplicationsinCaliforniayoumustobtainanapprenticecertificatebypassingtheexaminations.Asacertifiedapprenticepilotyoumayconductpestcontrolactivitiesonlyunderthedirectandpersonalsupervisionofsomeonewhoholdsavalidjourneyman’scertificatefromDPR.Thejourneymanpilotresponsibleforsupervisingyoumustbeawareoftheconditionsattheap-plicationsiteandbeavailabletodirectandcontrolthemannerinwhichyoumakeapplications.Theavailabilityof


thejourneymanmustbedirectlyre-latedtotheactualorpotentialhazardofthesituation.

Minimum Requirements for the Journeyman Pilot.Onceyouareanapprenticepilotforatleastoneyearyoumaytakethejourneymanpilotexaminationafteryouhavecom-pletedaminimumof150hoursofpestcontrolinafixed-wingaircraftor50hoursofpestcontrolinanon-fixedwingaircraftwithinthepasttwocalendaryears.Youmusthavethejourneymanpilotwhosupervisedyoucompleteandsigna“StatementofSupervision,”andyoumustreturnthestatement,withtheapplication,whenyouapplytotaketheJourneymanPilotExamination.

Pesticide Handling by Pilots.Pilotsoperatingapestcontrolaircraftmustnottransfer,mix,orloadliquidpesticidesthatarelabeledwiththesignalword“DANGER/POISON,”“DANGER”or“WARNING”andthatcontainorganophosphatesorcarbamatesunlessaclosedsystemisused.

County Registration.Beforeyoucanoperateasanapprenticeorjourney-manpestcontrolpilotinanycounty,youmustregisterwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionerofeachcountywhereyouintendtoperformwork.Ineachcountyapprenticepilotsmustincludethenameofthejourneymanpilotresponsibleforprovidingsupervisionofthepestcontrolactivities.Thejourneymanpilotnamedontheapprenticepilot’scountyregistrationmustalsobecur-rentlyregisteredwiththatcounty.Ifthejourneymanpilotnamedontheapprentice’sregistrationcannolongerprovidethesupervision,theappren-ticepilotmustimmediatelynotifytheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner


andamendtheregistration.Youmustregisterinpersoninonecounty,butthenregistrationwithanyothercountymaybedonebymail.Checkwitheachcountyfortheregistrationfeeforapilotregisteringinthefirstcountyandeachadditionalcounty.Youarerequiredtoregisterannually,andregistrationcoversonecalendaryear.Youcanrequesttheappropri-ateformsforregistrationfromtheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerwhereyouregisterinperson.

Continuing Education Requirements —Pilots.YourPCAPCcannotberenewedunlessyouhavecompletedaminimumof20hoursofDPR-approvedpestmanagementandpesticideinstructionwithineachtwo-yearcertificateperiod.Includedinthe20hoursofinstructionmustbeatleastfourhourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulation,andfourhourspertainingtoaerialapplicationequipmentandtech-niques.Thecontinuingeducationrecord-keepingrequirementsforalllicensesandcertificateholdersareaddressedlaterinthischapter.Thereisnograceperiod.Ifyoufailtoearntherequirednumberofcontinuingeducationhoursbeforethecertificateexpirationdate,youcannotrenew.Toagainpossessthecertificateyoumustagainpasstheexaminations.

Denial, Revocation, and Suspension of a PCAPC.DPRcandenyyourap-plicationforacertificateandrevokeorsuspendacertificateofanypilot,afterahearing,foranyofthefollow-ingreasons.Thepilot:• Isnotqualifiedtoconduct

thepestcontroloperationsinaccordancewiththeCertificate

• Doesnotholdanappropriateandvalidcommercialpilot’scertificateandacurrentappropriatemedicalcertificate

issuedbytheFAA• Hasviolatedanyprovisions

ofthelawsandregulationspertainingtopesticides,anyindustrialsafetyorderoftheDepartmentofIndustrialRelations,and

• HasnotcompliedwithanyorderoftheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPR.

DPRmayalsoplaceconditionsontheauthoritiesofanypestcontrolair-craftpilot’scertificateifitisdeterminedthatcontinuanceofthecertificateendangerspublicwelfareorsafety.

Non-Applicator Licenses.Thefol-lowingrequirementsapplytothelistednon-applicatorlicenses.

Agricultural Pest Control Adviser License.YoumustpossessavalidAgriculturalPestControlAdviser(PCA)Licensebeforeyoucandoanyofthefollowing:• Providepestcontrolrecom-

mendationsconcerninganyagriculturaluse

• Offeryourselfasanauthorityonanyagriculturaluse,or

• Solicitservicesorsalesforagriculturaluse.

Exemptions.Thefollowingpeopleareexemptfromthepestcontroladviserlicensingrequirements:• Officialsoffederal,state,and

countydepartmentsofagriculture,and

• UniversityofCaliforniapersonnel,providedtheirrecommendationsareforspecificapplicationsonspecificparcelsandinwriting.

Minimum Qualifications—PCAIfyouhaveneverpossessedavalid

CaliforniaPestControlAdviserLicenseyoumustmeettheminimumeducationandworkqualifications

listedinregulationbeforeyoucanapplytotaketherequiredexaminations.YoumustpassacoreexaminationonLaws,Regulations,andBasicPrinciplesandatleastonepestexaminationtoearnacontrolcategory.

Adviser Pest Control Categories and Recommendations.AgriculturalPestControlAdvisersareauthorizedtomakeonlywrittenrecommendationsincategoriesinwhichtheyhavebeenfoundtobequalifiedthroughtheexaminationprocess.

County Registration.BeforeyoucanworkasalicensedAgriculturalPestControlAdviserinanycounty,youmustregisterwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.YouwillfirstregisterinpersonwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionerinyourhomecountyasindicatedbytheaddressonyourPestControlAdviserlicense.IfyouraddressisnotinCalifornia,registerinpersoninyourcountyofoccupationalchoice.Youcanregisterinadditionalcountiesbymailwhentheaddi-tionalCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerallowsit.Youmustindicateontheregistra-

tionformthelocationwhereyourwrittenrecommendationswillbeavailableforreview.Youcanob-taintheseformsfromtheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerinyourhomecountyorcountyofoccupa-tionalchoice,andfindouttheregis-trationfeefromeachcountywhereyouwishtoregister.Countiesmaychargearegistra-

tionfeeforpestcontroladviserstoregisterintheirhomecountyorcountyofoccupationalchoiceandanadditionalfeeforeachadditionalcountyregistration.Registrationisrequiredannuallyandcoversonecalendaryear.Forfurther


informationoncountyregistrationfees,contacttheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerwhereyouintendtooperate.

Written Recommendations.Youmustmakeallagriculturaluserecommenda-tionsinwriting.Youmustsignanddateonecopyofeachwrittenrecommendationandfurnishittotheoperatorofthepropertypriortotheapplication.Whenapesticideuseisrecommended,youmustalsofurnishacopyoftherecommendationtothedealerandtheapplicatorpriortotheapplication.Eachrecommen-dationmustincludeinformationapplicabletothepestcontrolsituation,suchasthe:• Nameanddosageofeachpesti-

cidetobeusedoradescriptionofthepestcontrolmethodrec-ommended.Recommendationsarenotalwaysfortheuseofapesticide.

• Acceptedcommonnameofthepesttobecontrolled

• Owneroroperatoroftheproperty• Acreageorotherunittobetreated

anditslocation• Commodity,crop,orsiteto

betreated• Suggestedschedule,time,or

conditionsforthepesticideapplicationorothercontrolmethod

• Warningofthepossibilityofdamagesbythepesticideapplica-tionthatreasonablyshouldhavebeenknownbytheAgriculturalPestControlAdvisertoexist

• Totalacresorunitstobetreated• Concentrationandvolumeper

acreorotherunits• Workerrestricted-entryinterval,

ifonehasbeenestablished;thepre-harvestorpre-slaughterinterval;andthelabelrestrictionsonuseordispositionofthetreatedcommodity,


by-products,ortreatedarea• Criteriausedfordetermining

theneedfortherecommendedtreatment

• Certificationthatalternativesandmitigationmeasuresthatwouldsubstantiallylessenanysignificantadverseimpactontheenvironmenthavebeenconsideredincludingand,iffeasible,adopted,and

• Signatureandaddressoftheadviser,thedate,andthenameandaddressofthebusinesstheadviserrepresents.

Advisersmustretainacopyofeachwrittenrecommendationforoneyearfollowingthedateoftherecommen-dation.

Continuing Education Requirements.TorenewyourAgriculturalPestControlAdviserLicenseyoumustcompleteaminimumof40hoursofDPR-approvedpesticideorpestman-agementinstructionwithineachtwo-yearlicenseperiod.The40hoursofinstructionmustincludeatleastfourhourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations.Thereisnograceperiod.Ifyoufailtoearntherequirednum-berofcontinuingeducationhoursbeforethelicenseexpirationdate,youcannotrenew.Toagainpossessthelicenseyoumustagainpasstheexaminations.

Denial, Revocation, and Suspension of the Agricultural Pest Control Adviser License and County Registration. DPRcanrefuseyourapplication,orrevokeorsuspendyourAgriculturalPestControlAdviserLicense,afterahearing,forthefollowingreasons:• Failuretoputrecommendations

inwriting• Makingfalseorfraudulent

statementsinwrittenrecommendations

• Violatinganyapplicablestateorfederallaworregulation,orviolatinganyregulationadoptedbythelocalCountyAgriculturalCommissioner

• Failuretopasstheexaminationonlawsandregulations,orfail-ingtopassatleastonecategoryexamination,or

• Makingarecommendationinacategoryinwhichyouarenotlicensed.

TheCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionermayrefuse,revoke,orsuspendanadviser’scountyregistrationforthesamereasons.IftheCountyAgriculturalCommissionertakesanydisciplinaryactionagainsttheregistrationofanadviser,theadvisermaysubmitawrittenappealtoDPRwithintendaysofthecommis-sioner’sdecision.Pest Control Dealer Designated

Agent License. Licensedpestcontroldealersmusthaveadesignat-edagentattheprincipalofficeandateachbranchlocation.ApersonmayqualifyasadesignatedagentbypossessingavalidPestControlDealerDesignatedAgentLicense.Adesignatedagentisrequiredtoactivelysupervisealloperationsconductedatthatlocation.

Minimum Qualifications. Beforeaninitiallicenseisissued,orbeforealicenseisissuedtoapersonwhohasnotpossessedavalidPestControlDealerDesignatedAgentLicensewithinthelast12months,applicantsmustpassanexaminationtodemonstratetheirknowledgeofthelawsandregulationsgoverningtheuseandsaleofpesticidesandtheresponsibilitiesinvolvedincarryingonthebusinessofapestcontroldealer.

Continuing Education Requirement. Nocontinuingeducationisrequiredatthistimefortherenewalofthislicense.

Pesticide Broker License.Whetheryouresideout-of-stateorwithinthestate,youmusthaveavalidpesticidebrokerlicensebeforeyoucan• Engageinthesaleofordistribu-

tiontosellDPR-registeredpesti-cideswithinCalifornia,and

• Sellordistributetosellthesepesticidestoanotherlicensedpesticidebrokerorlicensedpestcontroldealer.Thislicensedoesnotauthorizethesaleofanypesticidetoendusers.

Thefollowingarenotrequiredtoobtainabrokerlicense:• Registrantssellingtheir

ownDPR-registeredpesticideproducts,and

• Licensedpestcontroldealers.Licensedpesticidebrokersarenot

authorizedtosolicitpesticidesalesbymakingagriculturaluserecommenda-tions,personallyorthroughothers.Inaddition,brokerscannotlegallysellordistributetoselltousersforanyofthefollowing:• Pesticidesforanagriculturaluse• Anymethodordeviceforthe

controlofagriculturalpests,suchasbiologicalagents,lures,orinsecttrappingdevices,and

• Arestrictedmaterialthatrequiresarestrictedmaterialpermitorapplicatorcertificationforuseorpossession.

Asabroker,forfouryearsyoumustmaintainrecordsofpurchases,sales,anddistributionsofpesticidesintoorwithinCalifornia.YoumustmaketheserecordsavailabletotheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPRuponrequest.Theserecordsapplytotheprincipalandanybranchloca-tions.Also,brokersmuston


aquarterlybasisreportthe:• Totaldollarsofsalesandtotal

poundsorgallonsofpesticidessoldinto,orwithinCalifornia,and

• FirstsaleofanypesticideproductintoorwithinCaliforniawithamillassessmentreportpluspayallmillassessments.

Continuing Education Requirement.ContinuingeducationisnotrequiredatthistimefortherenewalofthePesticideBrokerLicense.

County Registration.CountyRegistra-tionisnotrequiredatthistime.

Denial, Revocation, or Suspension of a Pesticide Broker License.DPRcandenyyourapplication,andrevokeorsuspendapesticidebrokerlicense,afterahearing,for:• FailingtonotifyDPR,inwriting,

ofanychangeofaddress• Failingtocomplywiththe

lawsandregulationsrelatingtopesticides

• Makingfalseorfraudulentstate-ments,ormisrepresentingorfailingtodiscloseimportantfactswhenyouapplyforalicenseorrenewalofalicense,or

• Makingfalseormisleadingstatementsinwrittenrecordsorreportsrelatingtopesticides.

SPECIFICREQUIREMENTSFORBUSINESSLICENSES

Pest Control Business License.TheDepartmentofPesticideRegulationisrequiredtolicenseanyonewhoadvertisesorsolicitsto,oroperatesabusinesstoconductpestcontrolforhireinCalifornia.Thefollowingpestcontrolactivitiesareexempted:• Preservativetreatmentoffabrics

orstructuralmaterials


• Seedtreatmentthatisincidentalto(occurswhileperforming)theindividual’sregularbusiness

• Structuralpestcontrol• Householdorindustrial

sanitationservices• Livecaptureandreleaseof

vertebratepests,or• Ifyouregularlyengageinthe

businessoftreesurgery,youarenotrequiredtoobtainalicensetoremovediseasedorinfestedtissuesortoapplydisinfectantstowoundsorcavitiesincidentaltotreesurgery.

Eachpestcontrolbusinessmusthaveaqualifiedapplicatorresponsibleforthepestcontroloperationsofthebusiness.TheresponsiblequalifiedapplicatormustpossessavalidQALinpestcontrolcategoriesinlinewiththetypeofpestcontroltobeconductedbythebusiness.SeetheapplicationinformationinthesectionfortheQAL.

No Fee Pest Control Business License.Ifyoudonotregularlyengageinthebusinessofpestcontrol,butyouoperateonlyinthevicinityofyourownpropertyandfortheaccommo-dationofyourneighbors,youdonotneedtopaythepestcontrolbusinesslicensefee.However,youarestillrequiredtoobtainthepestcontrolbusinesslicenseandmeetalloftheotherPestControlBusinessLicenserequirements:• Youoranemployeeresponsible

forthepestcontroloperationsmustpossessavalidQALandmeetalloftherequirementsforobtainingandrenewingtheQAL

• Youmusthavetherequiredliabilityinsuranceorbond,and

• Youmusthaveworkercompen-sationinsurance,ifyouhaveemployees.

Maintenance Gardener Pest Control Business License.Anyoneworkingprimarilyinmaintenancegar-dening,landscapemaintenance,andinteriorscapemaintenanceandapplyanypesticideasanincidentalpartoftheirbusinessmustbelicensedasMaintenanceGardenerPestControlBusinesses.Thislicenseisrequiredforanyincidentalpestcontrolwhenitisdoneforhire,includingtheuseofsnailbaitandotherpesticidesthatareprovidedbythehomeownerorpropertyoperator.Theuseofrestrictedmaterialsisnotcoveredbythisbusinesslicense.Ifyoucontracttodolandscape

maintenanceinparks,golfcourses,orcemeteriesyoumustobtainaPestControlBusinessLicenseifyourworkincludespestcontrol.PestcontrolforhireinthesesettingsisnotcoveredunderthescopeofMaintenanceGardenerPestControlBusinessLicense.

ThefollowingrequirementsapplytoeachtypeofDPR-licensedpestcontrolbusiness:• PestControlBusiness• No-FeePestControlBusiness,and• MaintenanceGardener

PestControlBusiness.

Minimum Requirements.YoucanapplyforaPestControlBusinessLicense,NoFeePestControlBusinessLicenseandMaintenanceGardenerPestControlBusinessLi-censebysubmittingacompletedapplicationandanyrequiredfeetoDPR.Theapplicationmustincludethenameandlicense/certificatenumberoftheresponsibleperson.Ifyourbusinesshasemployeesyoumustalsosubmitproofofhavingworkerscompensationinsurance.Youmustalsosubmitproofthatyouhavefinancialresponsibility,suchasliabilityinsuranceoraSurety

Bond,fordamagesresultingfromyourpestcontrolwork.County Registration.Beforeyoucanworkunderanyoftheaboveafore-mentionedpestcontrolbusinesslicensesyoumustregisterwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionerineachcountyinwhichyouintendtoconductpestcontrolforhire.Mostcountiesrequireafeeforregistrationoftheprincipalofficelocationandforeachbranchofficelocation.Registrationisrequiredannuallyandcoversonecalendaryear.

Pest Control Equipment.Youmustconspicuouslyandlegiblyidentifyeachpieceofequipmentyouuseformixingorapplyingpesticides.Youmustmarkeachgroundrig,servicerig,andsimilarequipmentyouuseformixingorapplyingpesticideswitheitherthenameofthebusinessorwith“LicensedPestControlOpera-tor,”“FumigationDivision,”orsimilarwording.Youmustalsoincludeyourpestcontroloperatorlicensenumberorthatofthefirm.Thesemarkingsmustbelargeenoughtobereadableatadistanceof25feet.Inaddition,youmustregister

eachpieceofapplicationequipmentineachcountywhereyouintendtousethisequipment.TheCountyAgriculturalCommissionermayarrangetohaveallofyourfirm’spestcontrolequipmentinspectedwhenyouregisterittoensurethatitisproperlymarkedandinsafeworkingcondition.

Notice of Application.Beforeyouperformpestcontrolyoumustgivenoticetotheoperatorofthepropertyyouwillbetreatingandobtainthatperson’sconsent.Theoperatorofthepropertymustthengivenoticetoeveryoneknowntobeonthepropertyorlikelytoenterwhileanyrestrictionsonentryareineffect.Whennotified


bythepropertyoperatorfarmlaborcontractorsareresponsibleforgivingnoticetotheiremployees.Eachnoticemust:• Statethedateoftheapplication

• Identifythepesticidebybrandnameorcommonchemicalname,and

• Beadequatetoadviseoftheprecautions,includingrestricted-entryprovisions,fromtheregisteredlabelorapplicablelawsandregulationsthatmustbeobserved.

Completion Notice.Inadditiontotheapplicationnoticerequirementsdescribedabove,apestcontrolbusinessthatappliespesticidesfortheproductionofanagriculturalcommoditymustalsogiveacomple-tionnoticetotheoperatorofthetreatedproperty.Thisnoticemustbegivenwithin24hoursaftercompletingthepesticideapplicationandincludethe:• Locationoftheproperty,

includingthesiteidentificationnumber,andtheacreagethatwastreated

• Pesticideorpesticidesthatwereapplied

• Dateandhourthattheapplica-tionwascompleted,and

• Applicablerestricted-entryandpre-harvestintervals.

Thepropertyoperatormustcommunicateinwritingtothepestcontrolbusinessifheorshewillnotbeavailabletoreceivethecompletionnoticewithinthe24-hourperiod.Thiswrittennoticefromthe

propertyoperatormustalsodescribethemethodbywhichtheychoosetoreceivethisnotification.Themethodmaybe,butisnotlimitedto:• Postingorleavingthecompletion

noticeinadesignatedlocationontheoperator’sproperty


• Recordingthecompletionnoticeonaphoneansweringmachineorvoicemail,or

• SendingthecompletionnoticebyFAX.

Thepestcontrolbusinessmustretainacopyofthewrittennotifica-tioninstructionstheyreceivedfromthepropertyoperator.Thepestcon-trolbusinessmustalsomaintainawrittenrecordthatdocumentsthe:• Nameoftheoperatorofthe

propertythatwastreated• Locationoftheproperty,includ-

ingthesiteidentificationnumber• Dateandtimethecompletion

noticewasgiven,and• Methodthatwasusedfor

notificationandthenameofthepersonwhowasnotified.

TheserecordsmustberetainedfortwoyearsandmadereadilyavailabletotheCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerorDPRuponrequest.Thepropertyoperatormustmain-

tainrecordsoftheapplicationnoticeandcompletionnoticeforeachsitethatwastreatedandacopyofanywrittennotificationinstructionsgiventothepestcontrolbusiness.

Recommendation and Restricted Material Use Permit.Thepestcontrolbusinessmustkeepavailableacopyofthewrittenpestcontrolrecommen-dation,andtherestrictedmaterialspermitcoveringeachagriculturaluseapplicationofapesticidethatrequiresarestrictedmaterialspermit.

Pesticide Accident ReportingYoumustimmediatelyreport

accidentstotheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.Thereportmustincludethelocationoftheaccident,thepesticideinvolved,andtheesti-matedamountofpesticidereleased.Youmustdothisbyradio,telephone,oranyotherexpedientmethod.The

reportingrequirementappliestoanypesticiderelatedaccidentincludingany:

• Forcedlandingofapestcon-trolaircraft

• Mishapinvolvingpesticide

applicationequipmentandtransportvehicles,or

• Typeofemergencyoracciden-talpesticiderelease.

Operator Identification Numbers.Pestcontrolbusinessesarerequiredtoobtainfromeachpropertyoperatoranoperatoridentificationnumberwhenthebusinessmakesapesticideapplicationforproducinganagricul-turalcommodity.Propertyoperatorsmustobtaintheiroperatoridenti-ficationnumberfromtheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerbeforetheycanpurchaseandusepesticidesfortheproductionofanagriculturalcommodity.

Pesticide Use Records.Youmustmaintainpesticideuserecordsforeachapplicationmadebythepestcontrolbusiness.Inaddition,userecordsarerequiredwhenusinganypesticides:• Foranyagriculturaluse• ListedinSection64003CCR• Forindustrialpost-harvest

commoditytreatment,or• Usedforoutdoorinstitutional

orindustrialpestcontrol.Therecordsmustincludethe:• Dateofapplication• Nameoftheoperatorof

thepropertytreated• Locationofthepropertytreated• Crop,commodity,orsitetreated• Totalacreageorunitstreated

atthesite,and• Nameofthepesticide,

includingU.S.EPAorstateregistrationnumberonthepesticidelabel,andtheamountused.

Whentheapplicationisforpro-ducinganagriculturalcommoditytherecordmustalsoincludethe:• Locationofthepropertytreated,

bycounty,section,township,range,base,andmeridian

• Hourthetreatmentwascom-pleted

• Operatoridentificationnumberissuedtotheoperatorofthepropertytreated

• Siteidentificationnumberissuedtotheoperatorofthepropertytreated

• Totalplantedacreageorunitsatthesite,and

• Nameofthepersonwhomadeandsupervisedthepesticideapplication.

ThepropertyoperatorandthepestcontrolbusinessmustretaintheserecordsfortwoyearsandmakethemimmediatelyavailabletotheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPRuponrequest.

Pesticide Use Reports for Production Agriculture.Whenyourpestcontrolbusinessappliespesticidesforthepro-ductionofanagriculturalcommodity,youmustsubmitausereporttotheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerofthecountyinwhichtheapplicationtookplace.Thismustbedonebyhanddeliveryormailwithinsevendaysofcompletionofthepesticideapplica-tion.Ifyoumailthereport,thepost-markisthedateofdelivery.Within30daysofcompletionofthepesticideapplication,thepestcontrolbusinessmustsendacopyofthepesticideusereporttotheoperatorofthepropertywherethepestcontrolwasdone.Thepropertyoperatormustretainacopyofthebusiness’spesticideusereportbysitefortwoyears.Pesticideusereportsmustbeona

DPRformorinaformatapprovedbyDPR.Reportsmustincludethein-formationrequiredfor“PesticideUse


Records”,plusthenameandaddressofthepestcontrolbusinessthatmadetheapplication.Monthly Summary Pesticide Use Reports.Allpestcontrolbusinessesthatarerequiredtomaintainpesticideuserecordsofpesticideapplicationsforotherthanforproducinganagriculturalcommodity,mustreportamonthlysummaryofpesticideusetotheagriculturalcommissionerofthecountyinwhichtheworkwasperformed.Thisreportingrequirementisinadditiontothereportingrequire-mentsunderTheHealthySchoolsAct.Themonthlysummaryusereportmustbehand-deliveredormailedbythetenthdayofthemonththatfollowsthemonthinwhichtheworkwasperformed.Ifthereportismailed,thepostmarkisthedateofdelivery.ThereportmustbemadeonDPR’s

MonthlySummaryPesticideUseReportformorinaformatapprovedbytheDirectorofDPR.Thereportmustincludethe:• Nameandaddressoftheperson,

business,ororganizationwhoappliedthepesticides

• Countywherethepestcontrolwasperformed

• Monthandyearofthepesticideuse

• Crop,commodity,orsitetreated,exceptwhenusingadesignatedusecodeasspecifiedonDPR’sMonthlySummaryPesticideUseReportform

• Pesticide,includingtheU.S.EPAorstateregistrationnumberthatisonthepesticidelabel,andtheamountused

• Numberofapplicationsmadewitheachpesticideandthetotalnumberofapplicationsmadeduringthemonth,and

• Totalacresorunitstreatedwitheachpesticide,exceptwhenusing


adesignatedusecodeasspeci-fiedonDPR’sMonthlySummaryPesticideUseReportform.

Negative Pesticide Use Reports.AlicensedpestcontrolbusinessmustsubmitanegativePesticideUseRe-portduringanymonthinwhichtheyperformednopestcontrolwork.ThisnegativeusereportmustbesubmittedtotheCountyAgriculturalCom-missionerineachcountywherethebusinessisregistered.Theymustdothisbythetenthdayofthefollowingmonth.Ifthereportismailed,thepostmarkisthedateofdelivery.

Violations.Whenoperatinganypestcontrolbusiness,itisagainstthelawto:• OperatewithoutavalidDPR

pestcontrolbusinesslicense• Makeanyfalseorfraudulent

recordorreport• Operateinanycountywithout

firsthavingregisteredwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissioner

• Operateequipmentwithincom-petentorunqualifiedpeopleinchargeoftheequipment,or

• Usefraudormisrepresentationinmakingapplicationforalicenseorforrenewalofalicense.

Pest Control Dealer License.AnypersonorbusinessmustholdavalidDPRpestcontroldealerlicensebefore:• Sellingtousersanypesticidefor

anagriculturaluse• Sellingtousersanymethodor

deviceforcontrollingagriculturalpests,suchasbiologicalagents,lures,orinsecttrappingdevices

• Solicitingsalesofpesticidesbymakingagriculturaluserecom-mendationsthroughfieldrepre-sentativesorotheragents,or

• Sellinganyrestrictedusepes-ticideorrestrictedmaterial

thatrequireseitherarestrictedmaterialusepermitorapplicatorcertification.

Pestcontroldealerswithmultiplebusinesslocationsmusthavealicensefortheprincipallocationandforeachbranchlocation.Branchlocationincludeseachsalesyard,store,orsaleslocationownedandoperatedbythepestcontroldealer.Apestcontroldealerisresponsiblefortheactionsofeachemployeeregardingthesolicitationandsaleofpesticidesandregardingallpesticideuseclaimsandrecommendations.Licensedpestcontrolbusinesses

thatsellonlypesticidesthattheyapplyarenotrequiredtohaveavalidpestcontroldealerlicense.Govern-mentagencies,suchasCountyAgriculturalCommissionersthatprovideagriculturalusepesticides,arenotrequiredtohaveapestcontroldealerlicense.

County Registration.PestcontroldealersarenotrequiredtoregisterwithCountyAgriculturalCommis-sioners.

Minimum Requirements.ApplicantsmustsubmitacorrectlycompletedapplicationandrequiredfeestoDPR.Yourapplicationmustalsoshowthatyouhaveaqualifiedindividualresponsibleforactivelysupervisingallsalesactivitiesateachmainandbranchlocation.

Pest Control Dealer Supervi-sion—Designated Agent.Eachlicensedpestcontroldealermusthaveandmaintainattheprincipalofficeandateachbranchlocation,adesignatedagenttoactivelysupervisealloperationsconductedatthelocation.Thepersondesig-natedastheagentmusthaveatleastoneofthefollowingvaliddocuments:

• PestControlDealerDesignatedAgentLicense

• AgriculturalPestControlAdviserLicense

• PestControlAircraftPilotCertificate(JourneymanorApprentice),or

• QualifiedApplicatorLicense.Appropriate Products.Eachlicensedpestcontroldealermustsellordeliverapesticideonlywhentherequiredwrittenrecommendationprovidedtothedealer,orwrittenbyadealeremployee,correspondstothepesti-cidelabel.Itisillegalforapestcontroldealertoknowinglysellordeliverapesticideunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances:• Forausenotshowninthelabel• Ifthelabelcannotbecomplied

with,and• Ifthepestcontrolrecommenda-

tionisinconflictwiththelabel.

Dealer Records—Purchases, Sales, and Distribution.Apestcontroldealershallmaintainrecordsforallpesti-cidesitpurchases,sells,anddistributesintoandwithinCalifornia.Theserecordsshallbemaintainedforfouryears,foreachprincipalandbranchlocation.Thesalerecordshallbeforall

pesticidessoldordeliveredexceptforpesticideslabeledonlyforhomeuse.Thepestcontroldealermustmaintainandfiletheserecordsbypurchasernameateachsalesoffice,makingthemavailableuponrequesttotheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorDPR.Theserecordsmustincludethe:• Purchaser’snameandaddress• Pesticideandtheamountpur-

chased• Dateofpurchase• Operatoridentificationnumber

orastatementontheinvoiceindicatingthatthepurchaserwasnotrequiredtoobtainanopera-toridentificationnumber


• Copyofthewrittenrecommenda-tion,orastatementontheinvoiceordeliveryslipthatnorecommen-dationwasmadebyorprovidedtotheseller,and

• Locationwherethepesticidewasdelivered,includingthenameofthepersonorbusinessthatreceivedtheshipment.

Inadditiontotheaforementionedsalesrecordinformation,dealersshallmaintainfortwoyears,recordswithotherrequireddocumentationandinformationwhensellingpesticides:• Usedforproducingagricultural

commodities—recordsofoperatoridentificationnumbersassignedtothepurchasers

• Withtheactiveingredientclopyralid—registeredforlawnandturfinresidential,school,park,officebuilding,andgolfcoursesettings,or

• Withtheactiveingredienttributyltin—registeredforcertainaluminumship/vesselhulls,outboardmotors,andlowerdrivesunits.

Quarterly Reports.ApestcontroldealershallsubmittoDPRtwoquarterlyreportsshowing:• Totalsalesindollarsand

totalpoundsorgallonsofagriculturalusepesticides,and

• AmilltaxassessmentwhenthedealeristhefirsttosellintoorwithinCaliforniaanypesticidethatislabeledforagriculturaluse.Themillassessmentreportshallincludeanyrequiredmilltaxpayments.

Supplemental Label.Whenawrittenrecommendationincludesausethatisonlyfoundonasupple-mentallabel,thedealermustdeliverboththewrittenrecommendationandthesupplementallabeltotheapplicatorinsufficienttimetoallow


theapplicatortoproperlypreparefortheapplication.

Dealer Responsibilities and Require-ments for Certain Pesticides.Itisextremelyimportantthatadealerknowthatbuyersmusthavetheauthoritytopurchase,possess,andusecertainpesticides.Thesepesticidesinclude:• Federalrestrictedusepesticides• Californiarestrictedmaterials,

and• Certainotherpesticides.

Purchasersmustprovidetothedealerwrittenproofofthatauthorityplusotherdocumentationrelatedtothesepurchases,andthatthisinfor-mationmustbekeptonfile.Beforesellingordeliveringcertainpesticides,pestcontroldealersmustobtainfromthepurchaseracopyoforwrittenproofofthefollowing:• Restrictedmaterialpermit

foranypesticidethatrequiresapermit

• PrivateorcommercialapplicatorcertificationforfederalrestrictedusepesticidesthatdonotrequireapermitandpesticidesthatDPRhasdeterminedtohavethepotentialtopollutegroundwater.Thepurchasercansignastatementattestingtohavingavalidapplicatorcertificationinlieuofacopyoftheircertification

• OperatoridentificationnumberissuedbytheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerforpesticidesthatrequireanoperatoridentificationnumber

• Vesselregistrationformforantifoulingpaintsorcoatingscontainingtheactiveingredienttributyltinthatwillbeappliedtoaluminumshiphullsoroutboardmotorsandlowerdriveunits.Thepurchasercaninlieu

ofthevesselregistration,provideaswornstatementtoverifyproperandlegaluse,and

• Signedstatement,attestingtotheproperandlegaluse,fromacertifiedcommercialapplicatorforpesticidescontainingtheactiveingredientclopyralid.

AllrecordsthatpestcontroldealersarerequiredtomaintainshallbemadereadilyavailablewhenrequestedbythecountyorDPR.Periodically,theCountyAgriculturalCom-missionerorDPRwillinspectthedealer’srecordstochecktheirlicensingstatus,theirsupervisionbyaqualifiedperson,theirrecordmaintenance,theirsaleanddeliveryofappropriatepesticides,andotherrecordrequirements.

Continuing Education Information and Record-Keeping Requirements for Licensees and Certificate Holders.Yourlicenseorcertificatecannotberenewedunlessyoucompletethespecifiednumberofhoursofcontinuingeduca-tionwithineachlicenseorcertificate’svalidperiodasdescribedinthisstudyguide.Thereisnograceperiod.Ifyoufailtoearntherequirednumberofcontinuingeducationhoursbeforethelicenseorcertificateexpirationdate,youwillnotbeabletorenew.Toagainpossessthelicenseorcertificateyoumustagainpasstheexaminations.Yourcontinuingeducationmust

directlypertaintopesticidesandpestmanagement.Sales-orientedandmarketingcoursesarenotacceptable.Thecontinuingeducationrequire-mentisdesignedtoaugmentyourproficiencyasanadviserorapplicatorandassurethatyouhaveup-to-dateknowledgeofpesticidelawsandregulations,pesticides,andpestmanagement.DPR-approvedcontinuingeducation

isprovidedthroughmanypublicandprivatesourcesandalistingof

approvedinstructionisavailablethroughDPR’swebsite,www.cdpr.ca.gov.Someofthepublicsourcesincludecityandstatecolleges,universities,theUCCooperativeExtensionService,andtheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.Privatesourcesincludeindustryprofessionalorganizationsandprivatebusinessesspecializinginpestmanagementtraining.Theinstructororsponsoring

organizationofDPR-approvedcontinuingeducationcoursesmustmaintainarecordoflicenseesandcertificateholderswhosuccessfullycompletecoursesorprograms.Theserecordsmustberetainedforthreeyearsandmustcontainthesameinformationthatlicenseesorcertificateholdersarerequiredtomaintain,andmustbeprovidedtoDPRuponrequest.

Record Keeping Requirements for Licensees and Certificate Holders.Asalicenseeorcertificateholderyouarerequiredtomaintainarecordofallapprovedcontinuingeducationhoursyouacquireduringeachlicenseorcer-tificateperiod.Youmustretaintheserecordsforthreeyears,andtherecordsmustincludethefollowing:• YournameaslistedonDPR

licenseorcertificate• Certificateorlicensenumber• Titleandlocationoftheinstruc-

tion• Nameoftheinstructoror

sponsoringorganizationandthenumberofhoursofcredityouaccrued,and

• IdentificationCodeNumberassignedtothecourseorprogrambyDPR.

Acertificateofcoursecompletionorawrittenstatementcontainingtheinformationspecifiedintheabovelist,issuedbythecourseinstructororsponsoringorganization,issufficient


tomeettherecordkeepingrequire-ments.Licenseesorcertificateholdersarerequiredtosubmittheircontinu-ingeducationrecordstoDPRatthetimeofrenewal.

Multiple License or Certificate Holders.Ifyoumaintaintwoormorelicensesorcertificatesyoumayusecontinu-ingeducationhoursobtainedforonelicenseorcertificatetosatisfythecontinuingeducationrequirementsforeachadditionallicenseorcertifi-cate.Forexample,ifyoupossessbothaQualifiedApplicatorLicense(20hours)andanAgriculturalPestCon-trolAdviserLicense(40hours),youwillneedaminimumof40hoursofcontinuingeducation,includingfourhourspertainingtopesticidelawsandregulations,torenewbothlicenses.Ifyouholdmultiplelicensesor

certificatesyoushoulduseonlyoneli-censeorcertificatenumberwhenyousignthesponsoringorganizationorinstructor’sattendancesheettoshowattendanceatthemeetingorcourse.Signinusingthehighest-rankinglicenseorcertificate.Thelicensesandcertificatesarerankedasfollows:1.AgriculturalPestControlAdviserLicense

2.PestControlAircraftPilotCertificateHolder—(JourneymanorApprentice)

3.QualifiedApplicatorLicense4.QualifiedApplicatorCertificate.Forexample,ifyouhavean

AgriculturalPestControlAdviserLicenseandaQualifiedApplicatorLicenseyoushouldsigntheatten-dancesheetwithyourPestControlAdviserlicensenumber.

Partial Continuing Education Requirements for New Advisers and Applicators.Ifyouareafirst-timeadviserorapplicatorwithalicenseorcertificatethatyouhaveheldforlessthan12monthsatrenewaltime,


nocontinuingeducationhoursarerequiredforrenewalofthelicenseorcertificate.Ifyouhaveheldanewlicenseorcertificatefor12to20monthsatrenewaltime,onehalfofthetwo-yearperiodofcontinuingeducationhoursisrequiredfortherenewalofyourlicenseorcertificate.Ifyouhaveheldnewlicenseorcertificatefor21to24monthsatrenewaltime,allofthehoursforyourparticularlicenseorcertificatearerequiredforrenewalofyourlicensing.AllrequiredcontinuingeducationhoursmustbecompletedbyDecember31oftheexpirationyear,oryourlicenseorcertificatecannotberenewed.

License or Certificate RenewalLicensesorcertificatesofindividu-

alswhoselastnamebeginswithaletterfromA–L,andofbusinesseswhosenamebeginswithaletterfromA–L,expireineven-numberedyears.Licensesorcertificatesofindividu-

alswhoselastnamebeginswithaletterfromM–Z,andofbusinesses

whosenamebeginswithaletterfromM–Z,expireinodd-numberedyears.Alllicensesandcertificatesexpire

onDecember31ofthe“ValidThrough”yearonthelicense,orcertificate.Completedrenewalappli-cations,withappropriatefees,mustbepostmarkedbyDecember31toavoidthelatepenalty.Thelatepenaltyisonehalfoftherenewalfee.Anyonewhohasnotpossessed

avalidlicenseorcertificatewithin12monthsofthedatetheyapplyforthatsamekindoflicenseorcertificatemustpasstheappropriateexaminationsbeforeDPRwillissuethelicenseorcertificatetheyseek.Alicenseorcertificate,includingarenewal,isnotvaliduntilithasbeenissuedbyDPR.

Note:YoumustregisterannuallywiththeCountyAgriculturalCom-missionereventhoughyourlicenseorcertificateisvalidforuptotwoyears.


1. Which of the following pest control requires a DPR pest control business license?❏ A.Preservativetreatmentoffabricsorstructural

materials.❏ B.Householdorindustrialsanitationservices.❏ C.Controloftreepests.❏ D.Structuralpestcontrol.

2. Which of the following qualifications must a person have to be responsible for the pest control operations of a pest control business?❏ A.Pestcontrolbusinesslicense.❏ B.Qualifiedapplicatorlicense.❏ C.Pestcontroladviserlicense.❏ D.CountyAgriculturalCommissionerlicense.

3. A pest control business that has one or more employees must have ❏ A.Atleasttwoservicevehicles.❏ B.Workers’compensationinsurance.❏ C.24-hourphoneservice.❏ D.ApermitfromtheOfficeofEnvironmental

HealthHazardAssessment.

4. A pest control business must be registered with the❏ A.CountyBoardofSupervisorsinthecounty

wherethebusinessoperates.❏ B.DepartmentofIndustrialRelations.❏ C.DepartmentofPesticideRegulation.❏ D.CountyAgriculturalCommissionerin

countieswherethebusinessoperates.

5. Each piece of mixing and application equip-ment owned by a pest control business must be❏ A.Paintedaconspicuouscolor.❏ B.Givenaspecialidentificationnumber.❏ C.RegularlyapprovedbytheCounty

AgriculturalCommissioner.❏ D.Markedwiththenameofthebusinessorother

similarwording.

6. Before making a pesticide application on some-one’s property, a pest control business must ❏ A.Obtainpermissionfromtheoperator

oftheproperty.❏ B.Filea“NoticeofIntent”withtheCounty

AgriculturalCommissioner.

❏ C.Givenoticetoanyonelivingwithin1/4mileoftheapplication.

❏ D.Markoffthetreatmentareawithyellow“caution”tape.

7. Any emergency or accidental release of pesticides involving a pest control business must be reported to the ❏ A.DepartmentofFoodandAgriculture.❏ B.DepartmentofPesticideRegulation.❏ C.CountyAgriculturalCommissioner.❏ D.CountyGeneralServices.

8. Before a pest control business applies a pes-ticide for the production of an agricultural commodity, the property operator must provide the business with❏ A.Adetailedmapoftheapplicationsite.❏ B.Theiroperatoridentificationnumber.❏ C.Apesticideusereport.❏ D.Acopyoftheproperty’sliabilityinsurance

policy.

9. Which type of pesticide application for hire is not covered under the provisions of a Maintenance Gardener Pest Control Busi-ness license? ❏ A.Sprayinganherbicideinacemetery.❏ B.Applyingsnailbaitsuppliedbythehome-

owneraroundthehomeowner’spropertywhileengagedinmaintenancegardening.

❏ C.Applicationsincidentaltomaintainingornamentalplantsinashoppingmall.

❏ D.Sprayinganon-restrictedherbicideduringmaintenancegardeningataprivateresidence.

10. A Pest Control Dealer License is not required for person or business who ❏ A.HasaPestControlBusinessLicense

andsellsonlypesticidestheyapply.❏ B.Solicitssalesofpesticidesbymaking

agriculturaluserecommendationsthroughfieldrepresentativesorotheragents.

❏ C.Sellsinsecttrappingdevicesforagriculturalpests.

❏ D.Sellspesticidesthatcanbeusedforeitheragriculturalornon-agriculturalpurposes.



11. A person who holds a Pest Control Dealer Designated Agent License is responsible for❏ A.Activelysupervisingapplicationsforthe

pestcontrolbusiness.❏ B.Orderingfertilizersfromthemanufactureror

supplier.❏ C.Activelysupervisingalloperationsconducted

atthedealer’slocation.❏ D.Makingpesticideuserecommendationsfor

customersofthebusiness.

12. A person who holds a Qualified Applicator Certificate in the “Plant Agriculture” catego-ry cannot❏ A.Supervisetheuseofrestrictedmaterials

onagriculturalcrops.

❏ B.Sellorsupervisepeoplewhosellagriculturalpesticides.

❏ C.Applygeneralusepesticidesorrestrictedmaterialsonagriculturalcrops.

❏ D.Supervisetheuseofgeneralusepesticidesonagriculturalcrops.

13. An Agricultural Pest Control Adviser License is required if you❏ A.Sellpesticidesatapestcontrol

dealerlocation.❏ B.Applypesticidesforhireonany

agriculturalproperty.❏ C.Solicitservicesorsalesforagriculturaluses.❏ D.WorkfortheUniversityofCaliforniaand

makewrittenrecommendations.


Standards of Care44 STANDARDS OF CARE 58

REVIEW QUESTIONS 65

STANDARDSOFCARE

Applicator Responsibilities. Wheneveryouapplyanypesticideorconductanyothertypeofpestcontrol,youareresponsibleformeet-ingthefollowingstandardsofcareandapplicatorresponsibilities:• Useonlypestcontrolequipment

thatisingoodworkingorderandsafetooperate

• Performallpestcontrolinacare-fulandeffectivemanner

• Useonlymethodsandequip-mentsuitabletoensureproperapplicationofpesticides

• Performallpestcontrolunderclimaticconditionssuitabletoensureproperapplicationofpesticides

• Exercisereasonableprecautionstoavoidcontaminationoftheenvironment

• Haveacopyoftheregisteredlabelavailableateachusesitetoshowthatthelabelallowsthemannerinwhichyouareusingthepesticide

• Measureorweighconcentratedpesticidesaccurately,usingonlydevicesthatarecalibratedtothesmallestunitinwhichthepesti-cideisbeingweighedormeasured

• Maintainauniformmixture,atalltimes,inbothapplicationandservicerigs

• Cleanpestcontrolequipmentthoroughly,whenevernecessary,topreventillnessordamageto

58 • STANDARDS OF CARE

people,plants,oranimalsfromresiduesofpesticidespreviouslyusedintheequipment,and

• Avoidcontaminationofwaterbyequippingeachpieceofapplica-tionequipmentandservicerigthathandlespesticidesanddrawswaterfromanoutsidesourcewithanair-gapseparation,areducedpressureprinciplebackflowpreventiondevice,oradouble-checkvalveassemblyacceptabletoboththewaterpurveyorandthelocalhealthdepartment.

Age Requirement.Nopesticidehandler,employeeornon-employee,under18yearsofageispermittedtomixorloadapesticidewhenthelabelorregulationsrequiretheuseofanyofthefollowing:• Airsuppliedrespiratoryprotection• Aclosedsystem,or• Full-bodychemical-resistant

clothing.

Protection of People, Animals, and Property.Priortoandwhileapplyingpesticides,applicatorsmustevaluatetheequipmenttobeused,themeteorologicalconditions,thepropertytobetreated,andsurround-ingpropertiestodeterminethelikelihoodofharmordamage.Nopesticideapplicationshallbemadeorcontinuedbyanyonewhenthereisareasonablechanceofthefollowing:

STANDARDS OF CARE • 59

• Hazardofcontaminatingthebodiesorclothingofpeoplenotinvolvedintheapplicationprocess

• Possibilityofdamagetonon-targetcrops,animals,orotherpublicorprivateproperty,or

• Possibilityofcontaminatingnon-targetpublicorprivateproperty,includingcreatingahealthhaz-ardthatpreventsthenormaluseoftheproperty.

Protection of Bees.Whenyouapplyontoblossomingplantsapesticidethatisknowntobetoxictobees,specialproceduresmustbefollowed.Theseprocedurescoverthosepesti-cideswithlabelingcontainingthewords“toxictobees”.

Notifying Beekeepers. IfyouintendtoapplyapesticideknowntobetoxictobeestoablossomingplantyoumustconsultwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionerpriortotheapplica-tion.Youmustalsodeterminewheth-ertherearebeekeeperswithapiarieswithinonemileoftheapplicationsitethathaverequestednoticeabout

suchapplications.Ifnoticehasbeenrequested,atleast48hoursbeforetheapplication,youmustnotifythebeekeepersofthefollowing:• Timeandplacetheapplicationis

tobemade• Cropandacreagetobetreated• Methodofapplication• Nameanddosagerateofthe

pesticidetobeapplied,and• Procedureforthebeekeeperto

contactthepersonperformingpestcontrol.

The48-hourwarningperiodmaybeincreasedordecreasedbytheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorbyagreementbetweenthebeekeeperandthepersonperformingthepestcontrolwork.

Notification Region.Butte,Glenn,andTehamaCountieshavebeenestab-lishedasaregioninwhichnotifica-tionofapiaryownersisrequired.PestcontrolbusinessesregisteredwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionersofanyofthesecountiesarerequiredtogivenotificationtobeekeeperspriortopesticideapplications.TheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner

FIGURE4-1.

Warning signs similar to the one shown here must be posted around pesticide storage areas that contain pesticides with either the signal word “DANGER/POISON”, “DANGER”, or “WARNING”.

ofGlennCountyservesastheco-ordinatorfortheregion.OncetheyregisterwithanyoftheCountyAgriculturalCommissionersinthisregion,pestcontrolbusinessesmustpayanannualfeetothecoordinator.

Citrus/Bee Protection Area.Areaswithinonemileofanycitrusplant-ingthatconsistofoneacreormoreinFresno,Kern,andTulareCoun-tieshavebeendesignatedascitrus/beeprotectionareas.Specialbeeprotectionrequirementsapplyinthesecounties.Beekeepers,pesticidedealers,pestcontroladvisers,andpesticideapplicatorsinthesecoun-tiesshouldconsultwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissionerforfurtherinformation.

Pesticide Storage, Transportation, and Disposal.Ifyouimproperlystore,transport,handle,ordisposeofpesticidesandopenedpesticidecontainers,youmaycauseinjurytopeople,animals,ortheenvironment.ThatiswhytheCaliforniaFoodandAgriculturalCoderequiresthatpes-ticidesandcontainersthathold(orhaveheld)pesticidesmustbestored,transported,handled,anddisposed


ofinaccordancewiththepesticidelabelandwithregulationsadoptedbyDPR.TheCountyAgriculturalCommissionermaytakepossessionofunattendedpesticidesoremptypesticidecontainersthatpresentahazardtopeople,animals,bees,food,feed,crops,orproperty.

Pesticide Storage Requirements. Asapesticideapplicator,onanypropertythatyoucontrol,youareresponsibleforallcontainersandequipmentthatholdorhaveheldapesticide.Topreventunauthorizedpeoplefromcomingincontactwithorbeingexposedtoresiduesonthesecontain-ersandequipment,youmustexercisepersonalcontroltopreventunauthor-izedcontactatalltimes,or,youmustdooneofthefollowing:• Provideapersontomaintain

controloverthepesticidecontainersandapplicationequipment,or

• Storethepesticidecontainersandapplicationequipmentinalockedenclosure.

Inthecaseofliquidmaterialpackagedinacontainerlargerthan55gallons,thecontainerdoesnothavetobeinalockedenclosureifthe

FIGURE4-2.

It is illegal to store pesticides in any type of container commonly used for food, drink, or any other household products. This is to help prevent accidental pesticide poisonings or injuries, especially those involving children.


container’sclosureislocked.Pesticidesmustbestoredinaccordancewiththepesticidelabelandthelabelingonallotherproductsheldinthesamestoragearea,includingnon-pesticidalproducts.Donotstorepesticidesandfertilizerstogether.Pesticidesandfertilizerscanchemicallyreactwitheachotherandcauseafire.Also,ifpesticidescontaminatefertilizersthiscreatesthepossibilityofcropdamageorillegalresiduesoncrops.Donotstorepesticidesnearfood,feed,seedorpersonalprotectiveequipmentbecauseofthepossibilityofcontamination.

Posting Storage Area Warning Signs.Whenastorageareacontainspesti-cidesthatarelabeledwiththesignalwords“DANGER/POISON”;“DAN-GER”,or“WARNING”,youmustpostwarningsignsonoraroundthestoragearea.(Figure4-1)Thesignsmustbevisiblefromanydirectionofprobableapproach.Theletteringonthesesignsmustbelargeenoughtobereadablefrom25feetaway.Ifyouan-ticipatethatpeoplewhodonotreadEnglishwillapproachthepesticidestoragearea,youmustrepeatyourwarningsignsinasuitablelanguageinadditiontoEnglish.

Pesticide Service Container Label Requirements.Whenyoustoreortransportcontainersthatholdorhaveheldpesticides,thecontainersmustcarrytheregistrant’slabelwiththeexceptionofservicecontainers.Aservicecontainerisanycontainerotherthantheoriginallabeledpesticidecontainerthatisusedtohold,store,ortransportconcen-tratedordilutedpesticides.Servicecontainerlabelsmustincludeallofthefollowing:• Nameandaddressof

thepersonorfirmresponsibleforthecontainer

• Identityofthepesticideinthecontainer

• Signalword“DANGER/POI-SON”,“DANGER”,“WARNING”,or“CAUTION”fromthelabeloftheoriginalcontainer.

Theonlyexceptiontotheservicecontainerlabelrequirementsiswhenaservicecontainerisbeingusedbyapersoninthebusinessoffarmingontheirownproperty.

Illegal Containers.Itisillegaltoplaceorstorepesticidesinanytypeofcontainerthatiscommonlyusedforfood,drink,oranyhouseholdproducts.(Figure4-2)Thisistohelppreventaccidentalpesticidepoi-soningsorinjuries,especiallythoseinvolvingchildren.

Delivery of Pesticides.Whenpesticidecontainersthatholdorhaveheldpesticidesaredeliveredtoaproperty,theymustbedelivereddirectlytooneofthefollowing:• Thepropertyoperatorortheir

agentwhoisinchargeoftheproperty,or

• Theownerorqualifiedpersonofapestcontrolbusiness.

Ifnoneofthesepeopleareatthepropertywhenthedeliveryismade,thepesticidecontainersmustbeleftinalockedenclosurethatispostedwithappropriatewarningsigns,asdescribedabove.

Transportation of Pesticides.Pesti-cidesmustneverbetransportedinthesamevehiclecompartmentwithpeople,food,oranimalfeed.Youmustsecurepesticidecontainerstothevehicleduringtransportationinawaythatwillpreventspillsintooroffofthevehicle.Coverpesticidecontainersmadeofpaper,cardboard,orsimilarmaterialwhennecessarytoprotectthemfrommoisture.Allpesticidecontainers

musthaveeithertheoriginalregisteredproductlabelorproperservicecontainerlabeling.TogetinformationregardingotherStateandFederalregulationsfortrans-portingpesticides,contacttheCali-


forniaHighwayPatrolortheU.S.DepartmentofTransportation.Pesticide Bag Disposal Requirements.PesticidebagsthathavebeenproperlyemptiedaccordingtoDPR’s“Guide-linesforEmptyingandBurning

SIDEBAR1

Rinsing Procedures for Pesticide Containers

Method 1—Triple Rinse and Drain

1. Use the following amount of water or other appropriate rinse solution for each rinse:

Size of Container Amount of Rinse Medium

Less than 5 gallons 1/4 Container Volume

5 gallons and over 1/5 Container Volume 2. Place the required minimum amount of rinse medium in the container. Replace the closure securely, and agitate the container to make sure all the interior surfaces of the container get rinsed.

3. Drain the rinse solution from the container into the tank mix. Al-low the container to drain an additional 30 seconds after it is empty.

4. Repeat the entire procedure at least two more times to provide a total of at least three rinses, or until the rinsate is clear. It is important that you drain the rinse solution into the mix tank and apply it to the crop or site that is being treated.

Method 2—Continuous or Jet-Rinse

1. Invert the emptied container over a nozzle that is located in the opening of a spray tank or nurse rig and that is capable of rinsing all inner surfaces of the container.

2. Activate the rinse nozzles, allowing the rinse solution to drain into the tank.

Continue rinsing until the rinse solution appears clear and a minimum of one-half of the container volume of rinse solution has been used. Use a minimum of 15 pounds of pressure per square inch to ensure proper rinsing. Avoid high pressures to prevent mist-ing, splashing, or other undesirable effects potentially hazardous to people at the rinse site.

Other rinse methods, equivalent in effectiveness to the methods above, may be used if approved by the DPR.


PesticideBags”willnotberegulatedashazardouswaste.Pesticidebagsthatareproperlyemptiedmaybedisposedof:• AtClassIIIlandfillsor• Byburning.Pesticidebagsthatarenotproperly

emptiedwillberegulatedashazard-ouswaste.

Guidelines for Emptying Pesticide Bags.TomeetDPR“GuidelinesforEmptyingandBurningPesticideBags”,followtheseprocedures:• Openandemptythepesticide

baguntilnopesticidematerialremainsinthebagthatcanbepoured,drained,orotherwisefeasiblyremoved,andholdthebagupsidedownforfivesecondsaftercontinuousparticleflowceases

• Straightenouttheseamstoremovefoldsandwrinkles,sothatthebagisinitsoriginal“flat”position,andagainholdthebagupsidedownforfivesecondsaftercontinuousparticleflowceases,and

• Shakethebagtwiceandholdforfiveseconds,oruntilparticleflowceases.

Guidelines for Burning Pesticide Bags.Anotherlessdesirable,disposaloptionisburningunderanagriculturalburnpermitthathasbeenissuedtothepropertyoperatororgrowerbythelocalairpollutioncontroldistrict.Burnpermitsallowforburningatthefieldlocationtodisposeofagriculturalwaste,suchaspruningsandcardboardboxes.PesticidebagsthatareproperlyemptiedaccordingtoDPRguidelinescanbeburnedunderanagriculturalburnpermit,whendone:• Onlyatthelocationspecifiedon

theagriculturalburnpermit• Withaminimalamountof

smokeblowingoverareaswherepeopleordomesticanimalsmightbe,and

• Inalocationandinamannerthattakesintoaccountallofthefollowing:o Distancestohomes,parks,

schools,andbusinesseso Windspeedanddirectiono Presenceoftemperature

inversions,ando Lengthoftimeitwilltake

toburnthebags.

Thebagburningshalltakeplace:• Witharock,brick,orsimilar

noncombustibleweightontop

FIGURE4-3.

Pesticide wastes include partially full containers of pesticide that are not used, leftover mixtures in spray tanks, rinse water from pesticide contain-ers, rinse water from inside and outside of spray equipment, and, as shown here, empty pesticide containers.


ofthestackofbagstobeburned• Byignitingthebottom-most

bags• Whileonlyauthorizedpeople

arepresent,suchasthepesticidehandlermakingtheapplicationorthepropertyoperator,andthattheystayupwindofthefiretoavoidexposuretothesmoke,and

• Withauthorizedpeoplecontrol-lingthesiteuntiltheburningiscompletedandthefireisextinguished.

Apestcontrolbusinessthatburnsproperlyemptiedbagsunderagrower’sburnpermitshallburnbagsonlyattheapplicationsite,andonlybagsthatwereopenedandemptiedattheapplicationsite.Bagscannotbecollectedfromotherapplicationsitestobeburnedataparticularapplicationsite.

Container Rinsing Requirements. Containersthathaveheldlessthan28gallonsofaliquidpesticidemustbeatminimumtriperinsedanddrainedbytheuseratthetimeofuse,unlessthey:• Arereturnedtotheregistrant,or• Heldanundiluted,ready-to-use

pesticide.SeeSidebar1forpesticidecontain-

errinsingprocedures.Followtheseprocedurestobesureyouhaveprop-erlyrinsedthecontainers.Aclosedsystemmustalsoincludearinsingsystemthatmeetstheserequirements.

Pesticide and Container Disposal.(Figure4-3)Disposalsitesthatacceptpesticidesandusedpesticidecontain-ersmustdosoinaccordancewithre-quirementsestablishedinCalifornialawsandregulations.Insomecoun-

ties,youmayberequiredtoobtainaspecialcertificateorpermitfromtheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerbeforeyoudisposeofproperlyrinsedpesticidecontainersatapproveddisposalsites.CheckwiththeCountyAgriculturalCommissioneraboutlocalrequirementsbeforeyoudisposeofanypesticidesorrinsedorun-rinsedusedpesticidecontainers.Un-rinsed,emptiedpesticide

containersmayalsobereturnedtothepesticideregistrant,withtheregistrant’spriorapproval.Youmusttightenalllidsorclosuressecurely.YoumayneedaHazardousWasteFacilityPermittostoreoldpesticidematerialsorun-rinsedpesticidecontainersawaitingdisposal.Un-rinsedcontainersincludethosefromwhichyoucannotadequatelyremovethecontentsbyrinsingorthosethatcontainedanundiluted,ready-to-usepesticide.

Exemptions.Followingarecertainlimitedexemptionsfromthestorage,transportationanddisposalrequire-mentsdiscussedinthischapter:• Delivery,storageareaposting,

transportation,andrinsing:o Containersthatholdorhave

heldpesticidespackaged,labeled,andusedforhomeuseandareinthepossessionofhomeownersontheirownproperty.

• Pesticidecontainerrinseanddisposal:o Containersthatholdorhave

heldpesticidesregisteredasasprayadjuvant,and

o Outershippingcontainersthathavenotbecomecon-taminatedwithpesticides

BesuretocheckwithyourlocalCountyAgriculturalCommissionerifyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheseexemptions.


1. A person who is responsible for pesticide con-tainers must❏ A.Storethecontainersinalockedenclosure

orprovideapersontomaintaincontroloverthecontainersatalltimes.

❏ B.Keepthecontainersoffthegroundinthebackofavehiclewhentheyaretobeunattended.

❏ C.Coverthecontainerswithatarpiftheycannotbeputintoastoragefacility.

❏ D.Keepthecontainersontheapplicationequipmentatalltimes.

2. The signs attached to a pesticide storage area must be readable from❏ A.10feet❏ B.15feet❏ C.25feet❏ D.50feet

3. A service container that is used to hold a pesticide or pesticide mixture is❏ A.Theoriginalpesticidecontainer.❏ B.Anyotherlegalcontainerotherthan

theoriginallabeledpesticidecontainer.❏ C.Aspecialheavy-dutycontainerprovided

bythepesticidemanufacturer.❏ D.Areturnablecontainerapprovedby

theDepartmentofPesticideRegulation.

4. Which of the following information is not re-quired to be on the label of a service container?❏ A.Identityofthepesticideinthecontainer.❏ B.Signalwordfromthelabelofthe

originalcontainer.❏ C.Nameofthemanufacturerofthepesticide

intheservicecontainer.❏ D.Nameandaddressofthepersonorfirm

responsibleforthecontainer.

5. It is illegal to store pesticides in❏ A.Servicecontainers.❏ B.Originalpesticidecontainers.❏ C.Sprayequipmentthatisproperlyidentified

withlabeling.❏ D.Containersthatarecommonlyusedforfood,

drink,orhouseholdproducts.

6. Pesticides being carried in the back of a vehicle such as a truck must be properly secured in order to:❏ A.Preventtheft.❏ B.Allowotheritemstobetransportedwiththem.❏ C.Preventspillsintooroffofthevehicle.❏ D.ComplywithFoodQualityProtectionAct

regulations.

7. Empty pesticide bags can be handled and disposed of as non-hazardous waste as long as they❏ A.Havebeenproperlyemptiedaccordingto

DPR’s“GuidelinesforEmptyingandBurningPesticideBags”.

❏ B.Havebeenproperlytriplerinsed.❏ C.Donothavethesignalword“DANGER”

or“WARNING”.❏ D.Havebeenperforatedsotheycannotbereused.

8. Proper rinsing of an empty container involves❏ A.Fillingthepesticidecontainerthreetimesand

pouringthecontentsontothecropattheap-plicationsite.

❏ B.Drainingtheemptypesticidecontainerintotheapplicationequipmentfor30seconds.

❏ C.Washingtheapplicationequipmenttankwithsoapandwaterthreetimesafteranapplication.

❏ D.Partiallyfillinganemptypesticidecontainerwithwater,shaking,anddrainingthecontentsintothespraytank,thenrepeatingthisprocessatleasttwomoretimes.

9. Which containers that have held pesticides are exempt from the container storage, triple rins-ing, or disposal requirements in regulation?❏ A.Containersthatholdlessthan5gallonsof

liquid.❏ B.Thosethatholdonegallonorlessofliquid.❏ C.Containersthatholdhomeusepesticides

inthepossessionofthehomeownersontheirownproperty.

❏ D.Nocontainersareexemptfromtheserequirements.


Pesticide Handler Safety 55 PESTICIDE HANDLER WORKER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 68

REVIEW QUESTIONS 81

PESTICIDEHANDLERWORKERSAFETYREQUIREMENTS

DPRhasworkersafetyrequirementsinregulationsforemployeesthatmix,load,apply,store,transport,orotherwisehandlepesticidesforanyagriculturalornon-agriculturaluse.Theseregulationsarewrittento:• Providesafeworkingconditions

forpesticidehandlers• Reducetheriskofexposure,and• Ensuretheavailabilityofmedical

services.

Employer/Employee Responsi- bilities.Employersandemployeesareresponsibleforfollowingthere-quirementsthatapplytotheirrespec-tivepesticideuseactivities.Employersmustmakesurethatemployeeshandleandusepesticidesinaccordancewiththepesticidelabelandallapplicablelawsandregulations.Theymustprovideprotectionssuchascertaininformationandpersonalprotectiveequipment,andassurethatemploy-eesfollowtherequirementsandusethepersonalprotectiveequipment.Employeesmustfollowtherequire-mentsthatpertaintothem,anduseallprotectionsprovidedbytheemployer.

Hazard Communication Informa-tion for the Handler Employee.Hazardcommunicationregulationsrequireemployerstoidentifywork-placehazards,toinformemployees

68 • PESTICIDE HANDLER SAFETY

aboutthehazardstheyfaceintheworkplace,andtomakesureemploy-eesunderstandtheprocedurestheymustfollowtoprotectthemselves.Theregulationsestablishspecificproceduresemployersmustfollowinmaintaininganddisseminatinghazardcommunicationinformationtoemployeeswhomaybeexposedtopesticidesduringthecourseoftheirwork.Beforehandleremployeesare

allowedtohandlepesticides,theem-ployermustdisplayinacentralloca-tionacopyof,eitherPSISleafletA-8,“SafetyRulesforPesticideHandlersonFarms”orN-8,“SafetyRulesforPesticideHandlersinNon-AgriculturalSettings”,asappropriate.Ifanemployeeasks,theemployermustreadtotheemployeePSISleafletA-8and/orN-8inalanguagetheemployeeunderstands.Employersmustmaintainthe

followinginformationatacentrallocationandmakeitaccessibletoemployees,theirphysicians,ortheirrepresentatives:• Pesticideuserecordsforpes-

ticidesandpesticide-handlingactivitiesthatareconductedbytheemployees

• CopiesofPSISleafletsforthepesticidesandpesticide-handlingactivitiesthatarelistedinthepesticideuserecords,and

• AnMSDSforeachpesticidelistedinthepesticideuserecordsreferredtoabove.

PESTICIDE HANDLER SAFETY • 69

Employersmustinformemployeesofthelocationandavailabilityoftheserecordsandotherdocumentsbeforeemployeesareallowedtohandlepesticides,andatleastannu-allythereafter.Ifthelocationoftherecordsandotherdocumentschanges,employersmustpromptlyinformtheiremployeesofthenewlocation.

Application Specific Information for the Handler Employee.Ingen-eral,forthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity,thepropertyoperatormustprovidespecificapplicationinformationatacentrallocation.Thisinformationmustincludethe:• Identificationofthetreatedarea• Dateandtimeofapplication• Restrictedentryinterval,and• Productname,EPAregistration

numberandactiveingredient.Theseregulationsdonotcover

employeesinvolvedinmanufacturing,formulating,orrepackagingpesticides.TheyarecoveredundertheCaliforniaDepartmentofIndustrialRelations,DivisionofOccupationalSafetyandHealth(CalOSHA).

Handler Employee Training Requirements.Employersmusthaveawrittentrainingprogramforemploy-eeswhohandlepesticides.Thewrittenprogrammustdescribethematerialsthatwillbeused(e.g.,studyguides,pesticidelabels,orvideotapes)andtheinformationthatwillbeprovidedwhentheytraintheiremployees.Em-ployersmustmaintainacopyofthewrittentrainingprograminacentrallocationattheworkplacewhereitisaccessibletoemployees.Thewrittencopymustbeavailablewhiletheyareusingtheprogramandfortwoyearsaftertheyfinishusingit.Theemployer’swrittentraining

programmustaddresseachofthesubjectslistedbelow.Employersmust

traineachhandleremployeeforeachpesticideorchemicallysimilargroupofpesticidestheyhandleandmakesureemployeesunderstandthefollowing:• Pesticideproductlabelformat

andthemeaningoflabelinfor-mation,suchasprecautionarystatementsabouthumanhealthhazards

• Hazardsofpesticides—includingacuteandchroniceffects,delayedeffects,andsensitization—asidentifiedinpesticideproductlabels,MSDSs,orPSISsleaflets

• Routesbywhichpesticidescanenterthebody

• Signsandsymptomsofpesticideoverexposure

• Emergencyfirstaidforpesticideoverexposure

• Proceduresforobtainingemergencymedicalcare

• Routineandemergencydecon-taminationprocedures,includingspillcleanupandtheneedtoshowerthoroughlywithsoapandwarmwateraftertheexposureperiod

• Appropriateuseandcleaning/sanitationofanyrequiredpersonalprotectiveequipment,andtheneedforheat-relatedlimitationsonitsuse(seelatersectioninthischapter,“Chemical-ResistantProtectiveClothing”)

• Prevention,recognition,andfirstaidforheat-relatedillness

• Safetyrequirementsandproceduresforhandling,transporting,storing,anddisposingofpesticides,includ-ingengineeringcontrolssuchasclosedsystemsandenclosedcabs

• Environmentalconcernssuchasdrift,runoff,andwildlifehazards

• Warningsabouttakingpesticidesorpesticidecontainershome

• Requirementsrelatingtopesticide

safetyandleafletsasfoundinChapters3and4of(3CCR).

• Purposesof,andrequirementsfor,medicalsupervisionwhenorganophosphateandcarbamatepesticideswiththesignalwords“DANGER”,“DANGER/POISON”,or“WARNING”onthelabelaremixed,loaded,orappliedforthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity

• LocationofthePSISleafletA-8RulesforPesticideHandlersonFarmsandotherPSISleaflets,andMSDSs,and

• Rightsofemployeesto:o Personallyreceiveinforma-

tionaboutpesticidestheymaybeexposedto

o Havetheirphysicianorem-ployeerepresentativereceiveinformationaboutthepesti-cidestheymaybeexposedto,and

o Beprotectedagainstretalia-toryactioninresponsetotheexerciseofanyoftheirrights.

AnemployeerepresentativecouldbearepresentativeoftheCaliforniaRuralLegalAssistanceFoundation,aunionrepresentative,afamilymember,oranypersontheemployeehasdesignatedtoactontheirbehalf.Employeehandlersmustcomplete

pesticidehandlersafetytrainingbeforetheyareallowedtohandleanypesticide;thetrainingmustbecontinuallyupdatedtocoveranynewpesticidestheemployeewillhandle.Trainingmustberepeatedatleastannuallyaftertheinitialtraining.Handleremployeesholdingavalidapplicatorcertificationareconsideredtrainedforthepurposesestablishedintheregulations.Employersmaywaiveinitial

pesticidehandlersafetytrainingofanewemployeeiftheemployeeisabletosubmitacurrenttrainingrecord.


Theemployee’strainingrecordmustshowthattheirtrainingmetrequire-mentsintheregulationsandcoveredthepesticidesandusesituationsapplicabletotheirnewemploymentsituation.Employersmustrecordthedateandextentofinitialandannualrequiredtrainingtheyprovidetoemployeesandthejobstheyassign.Eachemployeetrainingrecordmustbeverifiedbytheemployee’ssignatureandretainedbytheemployerfortwoyearsatacentrallocationattheworkplaceaccessibletoemployees.

Qualified Safety Trainers for Pesti-cide Handlers.Anyonewhotrainsemployeeshandlingpesticidesforcommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommoditymustbequalifiedasa:• CaliforniaCertifiedCommercial

Applicator• CaliforniaCertifiedPrivate

Applicator• PersonholdingavalidCounty

BiologistLicenseinPesticideRegulationorInvestigationandEnvironmentalMonitoringissuedbytheCaliforniaDepart-mentofFoodandAgriculture

• FarmadvisoremployedbyUni-versityofCaliforniaCooperativeExtension

• Personwhohascompletedan“instructortrainer”programpresentedbythe:o TheUniversityofCalifornia

StatewideIntegratedPestManagementProject,afterJanuary1,1993,or

o Otherinstructor-trainingprogramsapprovedbyDPR.

• CalifornialicensedAgriculturalPestControlAdviser

• CaliforniaRegisteredProfessionalForester,or

• TrainerqualifiedinsomeotherwaythatisapprovedbyDPR.


Employee Medical Requirement.Regulationsdescribespecificwaysinwhichemployersarerequiredtoarrangeforemergencycareandmedicalsupervision,keeprecords,andreviewemployeeworkpracticeswhennecessary.

Emergency Medical Care.Employersmust,inadvance,makeemergencymedicalcarearrangementsforemployeeswhohandlepesticides.Theymustinformemployeesofthenameandlocationofthefacilitywheretheyhavearrangedforthiscare.Inaddition,thename,address,andtelephonenumberofthisfacility,whetheritisaclinicorahospitalemergencyroom,mustbeconspicuouslypostedattheworksite,orintheworkvehicleifthereisnodesignatedworksite.Iftheemergencyfacilityisnotreasonablyaccessiblefromtheworklocation,theemployermustposttheprocedurestheiremployeesshallfollowtoobtainemergencymedicalcare.Employersmustensurethat

anemployeeistakenimmediatelytoaphysicianwhentherearereasonablegroundstosuspectthattheemployeehasapesticideillnessorinjury.Reasonablegroundstosuspectapossibilityofapesticideillnessorinjuryincludethepresenceofsymptomsorindicationssuchas:

• Headache• Weakness• Dizziness• Blurredvision• Nausea• Abdominalcramps• Sweating• Tightnessofthechest,and• Whenexposuretoapesticide

hasoccurredthatmightreasonablybeexpectedtoleadtoanillnessorinjury.

Medical Supervision.Employersmustmaintain,inadditiontopesticideuserecordsandhandlertrainingrecords,employeeuserecordsthatidentifytheemployee,thenameofthepesticide,andthedateofhandlingwheneveranemployeehandlesapesticidethatmeetsthefollowingcriteria:• Carriesthesignalword

“DANGER/POISON”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”

• Containsanorganophosphateorcarbamate,AND

• Isusedforthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity.

Employerswhohaveemployeeswhoregularlyhandle(seeGlos-sary)organophosphateorcarbamatepesticidesthatcarrythesignalword“DANGER/POISON”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”andthatareusedforthecommercialorresearchproduc-tionofanagriculturalplantcom-moditymusthaveasignedwrittenagreementwithadoctor.Theagree-mentmustincludethenamesandaddressesofboththedoctorwhowillprovidemedicalsupervisionandtheemployerresponsiblefortheemploy-ees.EmployersmustgiveacopyofthisagreementtotheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerbeforeanemployeebeginstoregularlyhandlethesepesticides.Thedesignateddoctormustpossessandbefamiliarwiththepublica-tionMedicalSupervisionofPesticideWorkers—GuidelinesforPhysicians,whichisavailablefromtheOfficeofEnvironmentHealthHazardAssessment.

Cholinesterase Determinations.Employeeswhoregularlyhandleorganophosphateorcarbamatepesticidesthatcarrythesignalword“DANGER/POISON”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”,andthatareusedforthecommercialorresearch

productionofanagriculturalplantcommodityarerequiredtohavebaselineredcellandplasmacholines-terasedeterminations.Thesedeter-minationsmustbeverifiedeverytwoyears.Fornewemployees,themedicalsupervisormayacceptpreviouslyestablishedbaselinevaluesifthesevalues:• Wereobtainedaccordingto

theregulationsandbythesamelaboratorymethodologythatthenewlaboratoryuses,and

• Areacceptabletothenewlabora-torythatwillanalyzetheemployee’sbloodsamples.

Employersareresponsibletomakesurethatemployeeswhowerenotundermedicalsupervisionastheiremployeesinthepastobtainredcellandplasmacholinesterasedetermina-tions.Theymustdothiswithinthreeworkingdaysaftertheendofeach30-dayperiodduringwhichtheseemployeesregularlyhandlethesepesticides.Afteremployeeshavehadthreetestsat30-dayintervals,furtherperiodicmonitoringmustbespecifiedinwritingbythemedicalsupervisor.Ifthemedicalsupervisordoesnotmakeawrittenrecommendationforcontinuedperiodicmonitoringofemployeeswhoregularlyhandlethesepesticides,thetestingintervalmustbe60days,oreverysecondperiod.Inrelationtomedicalsupervision,

employersmustmaintainforthreeyearsthefollowingrecords:• Themedicalsupervision

agreement• Pesticideuserecords,and• Allmedicalrecommendations

andtestresults.Theemployermustkeepthese

recordsavailableforinspectionbytheemployee,DPRandtheCountyAgriculturalCommissioner.Ifanemployee’sredcellor

plasmacholinesteraselevelfallsbelow80percentoftheirbaseline,


theemployermustinvestigatetheemployee’sworkpractices,including:• Employeehygiene• Pesticidehandlingprocedures,

and• Equipmentusage.Thisinvestigationalsoincludesa

reviewofthesafetyequipmentanditscondition.Employersmustmain-tainawrittenrecordoftheirfindings,anychangestheymadeinequipmentorprocedures,andanyrecommenda-tionstheymadetotheemployee.Employersmustremovean

employeefromexposuretoorgano-phosphateorcarbamatepesticidesiftheemployee’splasmacholinesteraselevelfallsto60percentorlessoftheemployee’sbaselineplasmacholinesteraselevel,oriftheirredcellcholinesterasefallsto70percentorlessoftheirbaselineredcellcholinesteraselevel.Thatemployeemustberemovedfromfurtherexposureuntiltheircholines-terasevaluesreturnto80percentormoreoftheirbaselinevalues.Theemployermustmaintainwrittenrecordsofthedatetheemployeewasremovedfromexposureandthedatetheemployeewasreturnedtoexposure.

Working Alone.Whenemployeesmix,load,orapplypesticidesthatcarrythesignalword“DANGER/POISON”or“DANGER”andthatareusedforthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalcom-modity,theymustobservethefollow-ingrulesaboutworkingalone:• Daylightoperations:working

aloneispermittedonlywhentheemployeemakespersonal,radio,ortelephonecontactwitharesponsibleadultatleasteverytwohours

• Nighttimeoperations:workingaloneispermittedonlywhentheemployeemakespersonal,


radio,ortelephonecontactwitharesponsibleadultatleasteveryhour

• Apilot,mixer,loader,andflaggerteamisconsideredtobeworkingtogether,and

• Twogroundapplicatorsworkinginthesamefieldandabletoseeeachotheroreachother’sapplica-tionvehiclesareconsideredtobeworkingtogether.

Change and Decontamination Facilities. Pesticidehandlersafetyregulationsincludespecificrequire-mentsforemployerstoprovideemployeeswithfacilitiesforchanging,washing,anddecontamination.

Change Area.Foranyemployeewhoregularlyhandlespesticideswiththesignalword“DANGER/POISON”;“DANGER”or“WARNING”,andforallemployeeswhohandleanypesticidesusedforthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity,employersmustprovideanareaforemployeestochangeclothesandwashthemselvesatthelocationwheretheycompletetheirworkday.Employersmustprovidecleantowels,soap,andadequatewaterforthoroughwashing.Employersmustalsoprovideaclean,pesticide-freeplaceforemployeestostoreanyoftheirpersonalclothingthatisnotinusewhiletheyareatworkhandlingpesticides.

Decontamination Facilities. Employ-ersmustensurethatemployeeshavesufficientwater,soap,andsingle-usetowelsforroutinewashingoftheirhandsandfaceandforemergencyeyeflushingandwashingoftheentirebody.Thequalityandtemperatureofthewatermustnotcauseillnessorinjurywhenitcomesintocontactwithemployees’skinoreyes,oriftheyswallowit.Thiswater

mustbestoredseparatelyfromwaterusedformixingwithpesticides,un-lessthetankholdingthewaterformixingwithpesticidesisequippedwithappropriatevalvestopreventbackflowofpesticidesintothetank.Theemployermustkeeponechangeofcleancoverallsavailableateachdecontaminationfacility.Forallemployeeswhohandlepesti-

cidesforthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity,thedecontaminationfacilitymustbelocatedatthemixingandloadingsite.Thismustbenomorethan1/4milefrom,ormustbeatthenearestpointofvehicularaccessto,otherhandlers,includingflaggers.Forpilots,thedecontaminationfacili-tiesmaybeattheloadingsite.Decontaminationfacilitiesmust

notbeinanareathatisbeingtreatedorthatisunderarestricted-entryintervalunlessallofthefollowingcriteriaaremet:• Eachhandlerusingthefacility

isworkingintheareathatisbe-ingtreatedorthatisunderarestricted-entryinterval

• Acontainerisusedtoenclosethesingle-usetowelsandtheextrachangeofcleancoveralls,and

• Runningtapwaterisused,orthewaterisenclosedinacontainer.Ifthepesticideproductlabelrequiresprotectiveeyewear,onepintofwaterforemergencyeyeflushingmustbekeptimmedi-atelyavailableforeachemployeehandlingpesticidesusedforthecommercialorresearchproduc-tionofanagriculturalplantcommodity.Theeyeflushwatermustbecarriedbythehandlerorkeptinthevehicleoraircraftthatisbeingusedbythehandler.

Employersmustprovideadecon-taminationsitethatiswithin100feetofthemixingandloadingsitewhenemployeeshandlepesticideswiththe

signalword“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”forusesotherthanthecommercialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity.

Personal Protective Equipment.Employersmustprovideallrequired(PPE).Theyareresponsibleforitsdailyinspection,cleaning,andrepair,anditsreplacement,whennecessary.EmployersmustassurethatallPPEismaintainedandkeptinaclean,spe-ciallydesignatedplaceorlockerwhenitisnotinuse.WhenapplicatorsuseanyofthePPErequirementexceptionsinthe3CCRsection6738,theymustkeepthelabel-requiredPPEimmediatelyavailableforuseinanemergency.EmployersmustassurethatPPE

isproperlyusedandthathandlersaredirectednottotakepotentiallycontaminatedPPEhome.Also,employersmustassurethatappropri-atemeasuresaretakentopreventheat-relatedillnesses.

Coveralls.Employersmustensurethateachemployeewhohandlesanypesticidewiththesignalword“DANGER/POISON”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”isprovidedwith,andwears,cleancoverallsatthestartofeachworkday.(Figure5-1)Coverallsmeansaone-ortwo-piecegarmentofclosely-wovenfabricthatcoverstheentirebodyexceptforthehead,hands,andfeet.Employeesarerequiredtoremove

theircoverallsandwashthemselvesattheendofeachworkday.Theymustnottakepotentiallycontaminatedcoverallshome.However,whenanemployeedoesnotreturntotheem-ployer’sheadquartersattheendoftheworkday,theycanremovetheircover-allsandstoretheminasealablecon-taineroutsidetheirownlivingquartersforlaterreturntotheemployer.


Employersmustprovideforthelaunderingofcoveralls.Theymustinformthepersonorfirmdoingthelaundrythattheywillreceivepesticide-contaminatedclothingandthatitshouldbelaunderedseparately.Employeesusingfumigantsarenotrequiredtowearcoverallsunlessex-presslyrequiredbythepesticidelabel.

Eye Protection.Employersmustprovideemployeeswitheyeprotection(Figure5-2)andassuretheemployeesuseitwhen:• Itisrequiredbythelabel,

exceptasprovidedin3CCRsection6738

• Employeesaremixingandloadingpesticides

• Eyeprotectionisrequiredwhenemployeesuseclosedsystemsthatoperateunderpressure

• Whenemployeesuseotherclosedsystems,eyeprotectionmustbeavailableattheworksite,andtheymustwearitwhentheymakeorbreakequipmentconnections,insertorremoveprobes,oratanyothertimewhentheintegrityofthesystemisbroken.

• Employeesareadjusting,cleaning,orrepairingapplicationequipmentormixingandloadingequipmentthatcontainspesticidesinhoppers,tanks,orlines

• Employeesareconductinghandapplications,exceptwhen:o Applyingvertebratepest

controlbaitsthatareplacedwithoutbeingpropelledfromapplicationequipment

o Applyingsolidfumigantstovertebrateburrows

o Baitinginsectmonitoringtraps,or

o Applyingnon-insecticidallures.

• Engagingingroundapplicationactivitiesusingtowedorvehicle-mountedequipment,exceptwhen:

FIGURE5-1.

Employers must ensure that each employee who handles any pesticide with the signal word “DANGER”, “DNAGER/POISON”, or “WARNING” is provided with clean coveralls at the start of each workday.

FIGURE5-2.

Unless the label specifies the type of eyewear, you may use safety glasses that have a brow piece and side shields when handling pesticides.


o Injectingorincorporatingpesticidesintosoil

o Vehicle-mountedspraynozzlesarelocatedbelowtheemployeeandthenozzlesaredirecteddownward,or

o Workinginanenclosedcab.• Employeesareflaggingexcept

whentheyareinanenclosedcab.

Protective Gloves.Employersmustprovideemployeeswithgloves(Figure5-3)andassurethatallemployeeswhohandleanypesticideusethemwhenthelabelrequiresit,exceptasprovidedin3CCRsection6738orwhentheyare:• Mixingorloading• Adjusting,cleaning,orrepairing

contaminatedmixing,loading,orapplicationequipment,or

• Makinghandapplicationsorusinghand-heldequipment,exceptwhentheyareusingequip-mentthatpreventshandcontactwithrodenticidebaitorwithcontaminatedequipment.

Theexceptiontothisrequirementiswhenthepesticidelabelspecifiesthatglovesmustnotbeworn.Wheneverglovesarerequired,em-

ployersmustprovideemployeeseachworkdaywithcleanunusedglovesorwithpreviously-usedcleanglovesthat:• Areingoodcondition• Havenoripsorcracks,and• Havebeenthoroughlywashed

insideandoutsidewithsoapandwater.

Ifthetypeofgloverequiredisnotspecifiedonthepesticidela-bel,employersmustprovideglovesmadeofrubber,neoprene,orotherchemical-resistantmaterialthatprovidesequivalentorbetterprotec-tionfromthepesticidebeinghandled.Ifchemical-resistantglovesdonotprovideadequatesupplenessanddurability,leatherglovesmaybewornoverchemical-resistantliners.Once

leathergloveshavebeenusedforthispurpose,theymustnotbeworninanyothersituation.Flockedorlinedglovesareprohibited,butundercertainconditionsdisposableseparateglovelinersareallowedtomakewearingchemical-resistantglovesmorecomfortable.Aglovelinerisdefinedasaseparateglove-likehandcoveringmadefromalightweightmaterial,withorwithoutfingers.Flocking,whichconsistsofcloselyplacedsmalltuftsofsoftmaterialgluedorbondedontotheinsideofgloves,isnotdefinedasagloveliner.Flockedglovesareprohibitedbecausetheyarenearlyimpossibletoadequatelydecontaminate.

Chemical-Resistant Protective Clothing.Whenthelabelorregula-tionsspecifywaterprooforimpervi-ouspantsandcoat,orarainsuit,employersmustprovide,andassurethatemployeeswearafull-body,chemical-resistantsuitthatcoversthetorso,head,arms,hands,legs,andfeet.(Figure5-4)Ifanemployeeworksasanapplicatorinanenclosedcaborasaflaggerinanenclosedvehicle,theymustkeepthefull-body,chemical-resistantprotectiveclothingimmediatelyavailableandstoredinachemical-resistantcontainer.Whenanemployeemixes,loads,

ortransferspesticideswiththesignalword“DANGER/POISON”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”throughaclosedsystemorinsealedwater-solublepackets,theymustwearataminimum,coveralls,achemical-resistantapronandchemical-resistantgloves.However,theymustkeepthefull-body,chemical-resistantprotec-tiveclothingimmediatelyavailableattheworksite.Noemployeemayhandleany

pesticidethatrequiresafull-body,chemical-resistantprotectivesuitwhentheambienttemperatureex-

FIGURE5-3.

If the type of glove required is not specified on the pesticide label, employers must provide gloves made of rubber, neoprene, or other chemical- resistant material that provides equivalent or better protection from the pesticide being handled.

FIGURE5-4.

Chemical-resistant garments provide the maximum amount of protection from pesticide exposure.

ceeds80°Fduringdaylighthoursor85°Fduringnighttimehours,sunsettosunrise.Theexceptioniswhenem-ployeesusecooled,chemical-resistantsuitsorothercontrolmethodstopreventhyperthermia.

Footwear.Whenthepesticidelabelspecifieschemical-resistantfootwear,(Figure5-5)employersmustassurethatemployeeswearoneofthefollowingtypesoffootwear:• Chemical-resistantshoes• Chemical-resistantboots,or• Chemical-resistantcoverings

wornoverbootsorshoes.Employeesdonotneedtowear

chemical-resistantfootwearwhentheyareoperatingaircraft.

Head Gear.Whenthepesticidelabelspecifieschemical-resistantheadgear,employersmustassurethatemploy-eesweareitherachemical-resistanthoodorachemical-resistanthatwithawidebrim.(Figure5-6)Foraircraftoperation,ahelmetmaybesubstitut-edforchemical-resistantheadgear.

Apron.Whenthepesticidelabelspecifiesachemical-resistantapron,employersmustassurethatemploy-eeswearonethatcoversthefrontofthebodyfrommid-chesttotheknees.

Respiratory Protection.Whenapesticidelabel,restrictedmaterialpermitconditionorregulationrequirestheuseofrespiratoryprotection,employersshall:• Haveinplaceawrittenrespirato-

ryprotectionprogramwithworksite-specificprocedures,and

• Assurethatemployeesuserespi-ratorsinaccordancewithpesti-cidelabeling,restrictedmaterialpermitconditions,orregulations.

TheNationalInstituteforOccupa-tionalSafetyandHealth(NIOSH)ortheMineSafetyandHealth


Administration(MSHA)mustcurrentlyapprovetherespiratoryprotectionequipmentthatisusedattheworksite.(Figure5-6)Theapprovalmustbeforeachspecificpesticideandexposureconditionforwhichrespiratoryprotectionisused.Anemployermayproviderespiratorstoemployeesorallowemployeestousetheirownrespiratorsonavolun-tarybasis.Theemployermustprovidetoemployeesinformationoutlinedin3CCRsection6739abouttheproperuseofrespiratorsandtheirlimitations.Underanemployer-suppliedvoluntaryrespiratorprovi-sion,theemployermustimplementaminimalwrittenrespiratoryprotec-tionprogram.Awrittenprogramisnotrequiredwhenavoluntaryrespi-ratorprogramonlyinvolvestheuseoffilteringfacepiece.Itisimportanttoknowthatfilter-

ingfacepiecesAREconsideredtoberespirators,thereforetheiruseforprotectionagainstpesticideexposureissubjecttoallprovisionsofsection6739.

Written Respiratory Protection Program. Theemployerisresponsibletounder-standandimplementtherespiratorregulationsapplicableattheworksite.DPRcanprovideguidanceforunder-standingtheregulationsanddevelop-ingawrittenrespiratoryprotectionorrespiratorprogram.Theemployer’swrittenrespiratory

trainingprogramshallbeupdatedtoreflectanychangestotheworkplaceconditionsandberetainedbytheemployer,andshallincludethefollowingcomponentsasapplicabletotheworkplaceconditionsthatrequiretheuseofarespirator:• Proceduresforselecting

thecorrectrespirator• Medicalevaluationsofemploy-

eesthatmustweararespirator,including:

FIGURE5-5.

Chemical-resistant garments providethe maximum amount of protection from pesticide exposure. .

FIGURE5-6.

Employers must provide approved respiratory pro-tective equipment when pesticide labeling or regu-lations require it or when respiratory equipment is needed to maintain employee exposure below an applicable recognized exposure standard.


o Identifyingaphysician,ando Obtainingawrittenmedi-

calrecommendationfromthephysicianregardingtheemployee’sabilitytousearespirator.

• Correctfittestingprocedurestoassurethatemployeesusingtight-fittingfacepieces:o PassanappropriateCal/OHSA

compliantfittestpriortoinitialuseofarespirator,and

o Atleastannuallythereafter.• Proceduresforproperrespirator

use,inroutineandemergencysituations

• Proceduresandschedulesforrespiratormaintenance,including:o Cleaningo Disinfectingo Storingo Inspectingo Repairing,ando Discardingandreplacing.

• Proceduresforproperuseofatmosphere-supplyingrespiratorstoensureair:o Qualityo Quantity,ando Flow.

• Traininginrespiratorusehazardsduring:o Routineandemergency

situations,ando Ifappropriate,toinclude

trainingaboutatmospheresconsideredtobeImmediatelyDangeroustoLifeorHealth.

• Trainingintheproperrespiratoruse,toinclude:o Purposeforrespiratoruseo Puttingono Removingo Anyuselimitationsand

capabilitieso Medicalsignsandsymptoms

thatmayinterferewithrespiratoruse,and

o Maintenance.

• Trainingshallbeconducted:o Beforeanemployee’sinitial

respiratoruseo Atleastannuallythereaftero Whenitisdetermined

thattheemployeeneedsretraining,and

o Ifchangestotheworkplacesituationorrespiratortypeusedmakesprevioustrainingobsolete.

• Proceduresforevaluatingtheef-fectivenessofthewrittenrespiratorprogramshallinclude:o Aworkplaceevaluationo Assuranceofprogram

effectivenesso Annuallyconsultingwith

employeesfortheirviewsonprogrameffectiveness,and

o Identifyinganydeficiencies.• Recordkeepingshallinclude

retainingwritteninformationregarding:o Medicalrecommendationso Fittesting,ando Therespiratorprogram.

Theserecordsshallbemaintainedwhiletheemployeeisrequiredtousearespirator,andforthreeyearsaftertheendofemploymentconditionsrequiringtheuseofarespirator.Personal Protective Equipment

Exceptions and Substitutions.Thefollowingexceptionsandsubstitu-tionsarepermittedforPPEthatisrequiredbytheregulationsorbythepesticidelabel:• Handlersusingaclosedsystem

forpesticidesthatcarrythesignalword“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”mayreplacethePPEspecifiedbythepesticidelabelandinsteaduse:o Coveralls,o Chemical-resistantgloves,ando Achemical-resistantapron.

• Handlersusingaclosedsystemto

handlepesticideswiththesignalword“CAUTION”mayreplacethePPEspecifiedbythepesticidelabelandinsteaduse:o Workclothing.

• Handlersusingaclosedsystemthatoperatesunderpositivepres-sure,forpesticidesthatcarrythesignalword“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”mustwear:o Protectiveeyewearo Coverallso Chemical-resistantgloves,ando Achemical-resistantapron.

• Handlersusingaclosedsystemthatoperatesunderpositivepressure,forpesticidesthatcarrythesignalword“CAUTION”mustwear:o Protectiveeyewearando Workclothing.

• HandlersusinganyclosedsystemmustkeepthePPEthatisspecifiedonthepesticidelabelimmediatelyavailableforuseinanemergency

• Handlersproperlymixingpesticidespackagedinwater-solublepacketsareconsideredtomeettheclosed(mixing)systemrequiredin3CCR

• HandlersworkinginanenclosedcabongroundapplicationequipmentorinanenclosedcockpitinaerialapplicationequipmentmaysubstituteworkclothingforthePPEspecifiedbythepesticidelabel

• Handlersworkinginanenclosedcabongroundapplicationequipmentmustwearrespiratoryprotectionwhenrequired

• Handlersworkinginanenclosedcockpitinaerialapplicationequipmentareexemptedfromwearingrespiratoryprotectionwhenrequired

• Handlersworkinginanenclosedcabthatisacceptableforrespira-


toryprotectionmayuseworkclothinginsteadofthePPEspeci-fiedbythepesticidelabel

• HandlersworkinginanenclosedcabandutilizingthePPEexceptionsmustkeepalllabel-specifiedPPEimmediatelyavailableandstoredinachem-ical-resistantcontainer.Label-specifiedPPEmustbewornifitisnecessarytoworkoutsidetheenclosedcaborcockpitandcontactpesticidetreatedsurfacesinthetreatedarea.OncethePPEisworninthetreatedarea,theemployeemustremoveitandstoreitinachemical-resistantcontainerbeforereenteringtheenclosedcab

• Handlersmayuseachemical-resistantsuitinplaceofcover-allsand/orachemical-resistantapron,and

• Handlersworkingaspestcontrolaircraftpilotsarenotrequiredtoweargloveswhileflyingorother-wiseintheenclosedcockpit.However,theymustweargloveswhenenteringorexitinganair-craftcontaminatedwithpesticideresidues.Glovesusedforenteringorexitingthecockpitmustbestoredinachemical-resistantcontainer.

Workplace Requirements.Employ-ersareresponsibletoprovideade-quateworkplacelighting,tocarryoutequipmentinspection,tonotifyemployeeswhoserviceapplicationequipmentofpotentialhazards,andtoprovideclosedmixingsystemswhenthesearerequired.

Lighting. Whenevernaturallightinamixingandloadingareaisnotadequatetoallowanemployeetoreadthelabelandworkinasafemanner,theemployermustprovideartificiallightthatissufficientto


allowtheemployeetoperformtheseactivitiessafely.

Safe Equipment. Employersmustassurethattheequipmentemployeeswilluseformixing,loading,orapply-ingpesticidesisinspectedbeforeeachdayofuseandfoundtobeingoodrepairandsafetooperate.Employersmustrepairequipmentwithanysafetydefecttoremovethehazardpriortoitsfurtheruse.Employersmustequipallopenings

ontanksusedformixingorapplyingpesticideswithtightlyfittingcoversthatpreventsplashesorspills.And,theymustnotallowanyflexiblehosethatisunderpressureandcarryingaliquidpesticidewiththesignalword“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”topassunshieldedthroughthecockpitofanairplaneorhelicopter.(Figure5-7)Employersmustinstallshut-off

devicesontheexitendofallhosesattachedtomixingtanksthatcarryliquidpesticideswiththesignal

word“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”Thesedevicesmustbedesignedsothattheypreventpesticidesfromsplashingontotheemployeedoingtheloadingwhentheemployeestopsfillingtheapplicationvehicle’stankandremovesthefillerhosefromthetank’sinlet.Areversingactionpumporasimilarsystemthatwillemptythehoseandeliminatedrippingoncethefillingoperationhasstoppedmaybeusedinstead.Aerialorgroundapplicationtanks

thathaveacapacityof49gallonsormoreandthatareusedtomixorapplypesticideswiththesignalword“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”musthaveeithera:• Properlyfunctioningsightgauge

orothermeanstoindicatetheliquidlevelinsidethetanktohelppreventover-filling,OR

• Tankorfillerhosenozzlewithadevicethatautomaticallystops

FIGURE5-7.

Employers must equip all openings on tanks used for mixing or applying pesticides with tightly-fitting covers that prevent splashes or spills.

thefillingoperationwhenthetankisfull,preventingthepesticidemixturefromspillingover.

Equipment Maintenance. Employerswhoownoroperatepesticidemixing,loading,orapplicationequipmentmustprovidehazardnotificationtoequipmentmaintenanceworkers.Eachemployeeundertheircontrolwhomaybeinvolvedincleaning,servicing,orrepairofthisequipmentmustbeinformedofthepesticidehazardstheymayencounterandhowtoprotectthemselvesagainstinjury.Ifpersonsotherthanemployeehandlerswillclean,service,orrepairapplicationequipmenttheemployermustnotifythepersoninchargeofperformingtheseservices.Employ-ersmustprovideemployeeswithanynecessaryPPEorworkclothing.Duringmaintenanceoperations,employersmustinstructandsupervisetheseemployeesinawaythatreduceshazardsorexposure.

Closed Systems. Themosthazardouspesticide-handlingactivityishand-pouringpesticides.Thisactivityhasresultedinmanyseriousillnesses.Employersarerequiredtoprovide


closedsystemsforemployeeswho,fortheproductionofanagriculturalcommodity:• Mixorloadliquidpesticides

withthesignalword“DANGER/POSION”,“DANGER”or“WARNING”(seeexceptionbelow)

• Loaddilutedliquidmixesderivedfromdrypesticideswiththesignalword“DANGER/POSION”,or“DANGER”

• Mixorloadanyminimalexposurepesticides,OR

• Mixandtransfercertainpesti-cidesusedtoaidcottonharvest.

Properuseofaclosedsystemreducesthepotentialforexposure.Itisimportantthatclosedsystemsbeproperlyoperated,cleaned,andmaintained.Closedsystemsarenotrequiredforemployeeswhohandleatotalofonegallonorlessperdayofpesticidesthathavethesignalword“DANGER/POSION”and“DANGER”andthatarehandledexclusivelyinoriginalcontainersofonegallonorless.Aclosedsystem’sdesignandconstructionmustmeetDPRDirec-tor’sclosedsystemcriteriaandmustbeadequatetopreventexposureofpeopletothepesticidebeinghandled.


1. The specific application information that an agricultural property operator must provide to workers at a central location include all the following except the ❏ A.Identificationofthetreatedarea.❏ B.Nameordescriptionofthepest.❏ C.Productname.❏ D.Dateandtimeofapplication.

2. Which of the following is not one of the handler employee training requirements?❏ A.Environmentalconcernssuchasdrift,runoff,

andwildlifehazards.❏ B.Thelocationofpesticidepurchasereceipts.❏ C.Warningsabouttakingpesticidesorpesticide

containershome.❏ D.Howtoobtainemergencymedicalcare.

3. Engineering controls for handling pesticides include❏ A.Waterretentionbasins.❏ B.Wheel-movesprinklers.❏ C.Closedmixingsystems.❏ D.Globalpositioningunits.

4. Pesticide handler safety training for employees must be completed before ❏ A.Employeesareallowedtohandle

anypesticide.❏ B.Thefirstworkdayofeachmonthin

whichapesticidemightbehandled.❏ C.Bythe10thofthemonthfollowingthe

monthinwhichpesticideswereused.❏ D.Thebeginningofeachyear.

5. Which of the following qualifications en-ables a person to train pesticide handler employees in commercial or research pro-duction of an agricultural plant commodity?❏ A.AprofessoroftheUniversityofCalifornia.❏ B.ACaliforniaCertifiedPrivateApplicator.❏ C.ACertifiedCropConsultant.❏ D.ADPR-licensedPestControlDealer.

6. Which of the following symptoms would not be reasonable grounds to suspect the possibility of a pesticide illness or injury?❏ A.Scratchesonthearmsorhands.❏ B.Headache.❏ C.Blurredvision.❏ D.Abdominalcramps.

7. Employers must maintain employer handler use records that identify the employee, the name of the pesticide, and the date of handling whenever an employee handles a pesticide that❏ A.Carriesthesignalword“DANGER”or

“WARNING”andisusedforlandscapepestcontrol.

❏ B.Containsanorganophosphateorcarbamateandisusedforright-of-waypestcontrol.

❏ C.Carriesthesignalword“CAUTION”andisusedforthecommercialproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity.

❏ D.Containsanorganophosphatecompoundandisusedforresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity.

8. Employers that have employees who handle organophosphate pesticides in an agricul-tural plant production operation must have a signed written agreement from a doctor for medical supervision if ❏ A.Anyoftheemployeesareunder21years

ofage.❏ B.Anypesticidesusedintheoperationcontain

thesignalwords“DANGER”or“WARNING”.❏ C.Theemployeesregularlyhandleorganophos-

phatepesticideswiththesignalwords“DANGER”or“WARNING”.

❏ D.Employeesregularlyhandleanypesticide.




9. An employee who mixes, loads, or applies pesticides with the signal word “DANGER” in the production of an agricultural commodity may work alone at night if the employee❏ A.Makespersonalcontactbyradiowitharespon-

sibleadultatleasteveryhour.❏ B.Makespersonalcontactbyradiowitharespon-

sibleadultatleasteverytwohours.❏ C.Carriesacellulartelephoneatalltimes.❏ D.Receivesspecialtraining.

10. Decontamination facilities must be equipped at a minimum with❏ A.Soap,single-usetowels,andhighpressure

waterforemergencywashing.❏ B.Sufficientwater,soap,andsingle-usetowels

forroutinewashingofthehandsandface,andemergencywashingoftheentirebody.

❏ C.Soap,singleusetowels,andenoughwaterforroutinehandwashingandemergencywashingoftheface.

❏ D.Single-usetowels,soap,warmwater,andonepintofwaterforeyewashing.

11. __________ are responsible for providing for the laundering of coveralls used by pesticide handler employees.❏ A.Employees.❏ B.Commerciallaundries.❏ C.Fieldsupervisors.❏ D.Employers.

12. An exception to the DPR-regulation requiring employee handlers to wear eye protection when handling pesticides is when❏ A.Thepesticidelabelrequirestheuseofgoggles.❏ B.Usingapressurizedclosedmixingsystem.❏ C.Conductingallhandapplicationoperations.❏ D.Workinginanenclosedcab.

13. Pesticide handler employees must always wear chemical-resistant gloves except when❏ A.Mixingorloadingpesticides.❏ B.Thepesticidelabelspecifiesthatgloves

mustnotbeworn.❏ C.Repairingcontaminatedapplication

equipment.❏ D.Usingabackpacksprayertosprayweeds

withanherbicide.

14. Which of the following procedures is not required in a written pesticide respirator program?❏ A.Selectingandfittingtherespirator.❏ B.Repairingdamagedrespiratorcartridges.❏ C.Cleaningandsanitizingtherespirator.❏ D.Inspectingandmaintainingtherespiratory

equipment.

15. Handlers who properly mix pesticides packaged in water-soluble packets are considered to be using❏ A.Personalprotectiveequipment.❏ B.Non-engineeringcontroldevices.❏ C.Apassiverinsingsystem.❏ D.Aclosedmixingsystem.

Field Worker Safety 66 FIELD WORKER PESTICIDE SAFETY 84

REVIEW QUESTIONS 93

FIELDWORKERPESTICIDESAFETYREQUIREMENTS

Fieldworkersafetyregulationsarewrittenandimplementedtoprotectfieldworkersfrompesticidesandpes-ticideresiduesintreatedfields.Theseregulationsrequireemployerstotakecertainprecautionaryorsafetymeasuresbeforefieldworkersenterthetreatedfield.Thesemeasuresinclude:• Fieldworkerpesticidesafety

training• Displayingpesticideapplication

information• Applicationnotification• Settingupdecontamination

facilities,and• Providinghazardcommunication.Theemployerisresponsibleforthe

safetyofemployees.Therequirementsdescribedinthischapterareintendedtopreventemployeesfrombeingexposedtopesticidesorpesticideresidues.

Field Worker Training.Employersmustassurethattheiremployeefield-workershavebeentrainedinpesticidesafetybeforetheyareallowedtoworkinatreatedfield.Fieldworkersmustbetrainedatleasteveryfiveyearsinthefollowingtrainingtopics:• Routinedecontaminationand

thoroughwashingaftertheexposureperiod

• Restricted-entryinterval,posting,andthestandardformatofstateandfederalpostingsigns

• Whereworkersmayencounter

84 • FIELD WORKER SAFETY

pesticidesandtheirresidues• Routesofexposure• Pesticidehazards,chronic,

acuteanddelayedeffects,andsensitizationeffects

• Commonsignsandsymptomsofpesticideoverexposure

• Firstaid,decontamination,eyeflushing,andgettingemergencymedicalattention

• Warningsabouttakingpesticidesorpesticidecontainershome

• Hazardcommunicationrequirements,and

• Employeerightstoinformationandprotectionagainstretalia-toryactionforexercisingemployeerights.

Thetrainingmustbeconductedinamannerthatisunderstoodbyallemployees,presentedorallyfromwrit-tenmaterialsoraudiovisually,usingnon-technicalterms.Thetrainermustrespondtoemployeequestions.Aquali-fiedtrainermustprovidethetraining.Aqualifiedtrainerincludesa:• CaliforniaCertifiedApplicator• Personholdinganyothervalidli-

censeorcertificateofpersonalpesti-cidequalificationissuedbyDPR

• Personwhohascompletedan“instructortraining”programpresentedby:o TheUniversityofCalifornia

StatewideIntegratedPestManagementProject,afterJanuary1,1993,or

o OtherinstructortrainingprogramapprovedbyDPR.

FIELD WORKER SAFETY • 85

• CaliforniaRegisteredProfessionalForester

• PersonholdingavalidCountyBiologistLicenseinPesticideRegulationorInvestigationandEnvironmentalMonitoringissuedbytheCaliforniaDepartmentofFoodandAgriculture

• FarmadvisoremployedbyUniversityofCaliforniaCooperativeExtension,and

• PersonholdinganyothervalidtrainerqualificationapprovedbyDPR.

Hazard Communication for Field Workers.Wheneveremployeesareworkingasfieldworkersinatreatedfield,employers—includinglaborcon-tractors—mustdisplayacompletedcopyofthePSISleafletA-9,PesticideSafetyRulesforFarmWorkers,attheworksite,orincertaininstancesatacentrallocation.ThisleafletiswritteninEnglishandSpanish.Onepossiblewaytodisplaythis

informationwouldbetoplaceitinabinderthatisreadilyaccessibletoemployees.Itcouldalsobeprovidedasahandoutattheworksite.Ifanemployeeisunabletoread,andiftheemployeerequestsit,theemployermustread,orprovidesomeonetoread,theleaflettotheemployeeinalanguagetheemployeeunderstands.Theoperatorofthepropertymust

maintainthefollowingrecordsanddocumentsinacentrallocationattheworkplace.Thesemustbeaccessibletoemployees,includingemployeesofalaborcontractor,whomayenteratreatedfield:• Pesticideuserecordsforall

thepesticidesthathavebeenappliedtothefieldwithinthelasttwoyears

• CopiesofthePSISleafletsthatprovidegeneralinformationaboutpesticidesorthatare

specifictothepesticideslistedinthepesticideuserecords,and

• AnMSDSforeachpesticidelistedinthepesticideuserecords.TheemployermustmakeeveryreasonableefforttoobtainanMSDSforthepesticidesused.

Beforeemployeesareallowedtoenterpesticidetreatedfields,thepropertyoperatormustinformthemoftheavailabilityandlocationofthepesticideuserecords,PSISleaflets,andanyMSDS.ThePSISleafletsprovideadditionalinformationaboutaspecificpesticide,theuseofcloselyrelatedpesticides,orgeneralinformationaboutpesticidesafety(e.g.,firstaid,respiratoryprotection,storage,anddisposal).PSISleafletsarewrittenbyDPR.Ifemployeesareworkingfora

laborcontractor,thepropertyopera-tormustinformthelaborcontractorofthelocationoftheserecordsandotherdocuments.Thelaborcontrac-tormusttheninformtheemployees.Ifthelocationofrecords,documents,orinformationchanges,thepropertyoperatormustimmediatelyinformemployeesorthelaborcontractoroftheirnewlocation.Employersarerequiredtoinform

theiremployeesthatthey,theirphy-sicians,andtheirrepresentativeshavetherighttoaccessinformationaboutpesticidestowhichtheymaybeexposed.Also,employersmustinformtheiremployeesthattheyareprotectedagainstdischargeorotherdiscriminationforexercisingtheirrights.Uponrequest,theproperty

operatormustmaketheabove-specifiedrecordsanddocumentsavailabletotheemployee,theemployeerepresentative,thelaborcontractor,ortheemployee’sphysicianwithin48hours.

Employer Responsibilities.Employ-ersareresponsibleforsupplyingap-plicationinformation,understandingwhoisqualifiedtobeintreatedareas,planningemergencymedicalcareandprovidingdecontaminationfacilitiesforemployees.

Application-Specific Information.Whenemployeesworkintreatedfieldsonpropertyusedforcomer-cialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity,thepropertyoperatormustdisplayallofthefollowinginformationatacentrallocation:• Identificationofthetreatedarea• Timeanddateofthepesticide

application• Restricted-entryinterval• Productname,theEPAregistra-

tionnumber(s),andtheactiveingredients,and

• SprayadjuvantproductnameandCaliforniaregistrationnumber(s).

Theinformationmustbedisplayedwhenemployeesworkwithin1/4mileofatreatedfield,anditmustre-maindisplayeduntiltheareanolon-germeetsthedefinitionofatreatedfieldoremployeesarenolongerontheestablishment,whicheveroccursfirst.SeetheGlossaryforthedefini-tionofatreatedfield.

Field Work During Pesticide Application.Onfarmsorinforests,onlythepeoplemakingtheapplica-tioncanbedirectedorallowedtoenterorremaininatreatedarea.Intreatednurseriesandgreen-

houses,onlythepeoplemakingtheapplicationcanbedirectedorallowedtoenterorremaininatreatedarea.Thetreatedareaboundariesofdifferentsortsofnurseryandgreen-housepesticideapplicationsaredescribedasfollows.


Ifthepesticideisappliedinanursery:• Byaircraft,inanupward

direction,oratapressureofmorethan150poundspersquareinch,orisappliedasfumigant,smoke,fog,oraerosol,theprohibitedareaisthetreat-mentsiteplus100feetinalldirectionswithintheconfinesoftheproperty,or

• Byground,inadownwarddirectionfromaheightgreaterthan12inchesfromthesoilorotherplantingmedium,asafinespray,orusingpressureofmorethan40poundspersquareinch,butnotmorethan150poundspersquareinch,orthatrequiresrespiratoryprotectionontheproductlabel,theprohibitedareaisthetreatmentsiteplus25feetinalldirectionswithintheconfinesoftheproperty.

Ifthepesticideisappliedinagreenhouse:• Asaspacetreatmentwitha

fumigant,smoke,fog,aerosol,ormistorisapesticideforwhichtheproductlabelrequiresrespi-ratoryprotection,theprohibitedareaistheentireenclosedareaplusanyadjacentareathatisnotsealedsufficientlytopreventpes-ticidetransferfromthetreatmentsite,untiltheventilationcriteriahavebeenmet,or

• Asasprayfromaheightgreaterthan12inchesfromthesoilorotherplantingmedium,asafinespray,orusingapressureofmorethan40poundspersquareinch,theprohibitedareaisthetreatmentsiteplus25feetinalldirectionswithintheenclosedarea.

Otherwise,inboththenurseriesandgreenhouses,theprohibitedareaisthetreatmentsite.


Greenhouse Ventilation Criteria.Whenagreenhouseapplicationin-

volvesapesticidewithlabeldirectionsthatrequirerespiratoryprotection,andisappliedasafumigant,smoke,mist,fog,oraerosol,itmustbeventi-lateduntil:• Theconcentrationismeasured

andfoundnottoexceedanypesticidelabelstandard,or

• Oneofthefollowinghasoccurredifthereisnolabelstandard:o Tenairexchangesare

complete,o Twohoursofmechanical

ventilation,o Fourhoursofpassive

ventilation,o Twenty-fourhours,with

noventilation,oro Anycombinationofpercent-

ageportionsofeachmethodabove,thesumofwhichequals100%.

Emergency Medical Care.Whenemployeesarerequiredtoenterpesti-cide-treatedfields,emergencymedicalcaremustbeplannedforinadvance.Theemployermustlocatethenearestmedicalfacilitywhereemergency

medicalcarewillbeavailableforallemployeeswhowillworkintreatedfields.Employeesortheirfieldsuper-visorsmustbeinformedofthenameandlocationofthemedicalfacilityordoctorwhereemergencymedicalcareisavailable.Iftheidentifiedfacilityisnotreadilyaccessiblefromtheworklocation,theemployermustoutlinetheproceduresemployeesshouldfollowinordertoobtainemergencymedicalcare.Employersmustensurethatem-

ployeesareimmediatelytakentoadoctorwhenthereisreasontobelievetheyhaveapesticideillnessorinjury,orwhenanexposuretoapesticidehasoccurredthatmightleadtoanemployee’sillness.

Field Worker Decontamination Facilities.Wheneverfieldworkersareworkinginatreatedfield,decontami-nationfacilitiesmustbewithin1/4milefrom—oratthenearestpointofvehicularaccessto—thefieldworkers.Theemployermustassurethatthesefacilitiescontainsufficientwater,soap,andsingle-usetowelsforhandandfacewashingandforemergencyeyeflushing.Thewatermustbeofa

FIGURE6-1.

Employees may enter a treated field during a restricted-entry interval to conduct pesticide handling activities if they use the pesticide handler personal protective equipment listed on the pesticide label.

qualityandtemperaturethatwillnotcauseillnessorinjurytoskinoreyes,orifitisswallowed.Decontaminationfacilitiesmust

notbeinanareathatisbeingtreatedorisunderentryrestrictions,unlessthefieldworkersareperformingearly-entryactivities.

Restricted-Entry Intervals.Arestricted-entryinterval(REI)istheperiodoftimeafteracroporcommodityhasbeentreatedwithapesticidewhenrestrictionsonentryareineffecttoprotectemploy-eesfrompotentialexposuretoahazardouslevelofpesticideresidue.REIsarespecifiedintheregulationsandonthepesticidelabels.Incaseofaninconsistencybetweentheregulation-specifiedREIandlabel-specifiedREI,thelongerREImustbefollowed.IfmorethanoneREIinregulationscanbeappliedtoagivensituation,thelongeronemustbeused.Whenreferenceismadeinan

REItopoundsofapesticide,itmeanspoundsofactiveingredient.EachdayreferencedinanREIisconsideredtobea24-hourperiodbeginningatthecompletionoftheapplication.Theregulation-requiredREIappliestothepesti-cide-cropcombinationslistedintheregulations.

Field Reentry After Pesticide Application.Anyemployeemayenteratreatedfieldwithoutrestric-tionaftertheREIexpires.Butnoem-ployer,laborcontractororpropertyoperatormaydirectanyemployeetoenterorremaininatreatedfielduntilthelabel,orregulation-specifiedREI,hasexpired,whicheverislonger.Exceptionsareexplainedbelow:• Employeesmayonlyentera

treatedfieldduringanREItoconductpesticide-handling


activities,includingsoilincorporation,watered-inormechanical,iftheyusethepesticidehandlerPPElistedonthepesticidelabel

• EmployeesmayenteratreatedfieldduringaREItoperformno-contactactivities,whentheinhalationexposurelevelmeetsthelabelstandard.Greenhouseventilationcriteriadescribedearlierinthischaptermustbemetbeforeworkersareal-lowedtoenterforno-contactactivities.“Nocontact”meanstheemployeewillnothaveanycontactwithanytreatedsurface,includingsoil,water,air,equip-ment,orplantsurfaces.The“nocontact”requirementismetiftheemployeeisoperatingatractororotherequipmentandisseparatedfromthetreatedsurfacesbyanenclosedcab,shields,oroperatorplacementontheequipmentinrelationtothetreatedplants

• Employeesmayenteratreatedfieldduringalabel-requiredREItoconductlimited-contactactivi-ties,includinglimited-contactirrigation,thatarenecessaryandunforeseenonlyifallofthefol-lowingoccurs:o Thelabeldoesnotrequire

postingandoralnotificationofemployees

o Atleastfourhourshaveelapsedsincetheapplicationwascompleted

o Theinhalationexposuredoesnotexceedthelabelstandard,oriftheventilationcriteriaoutlinedearlierinthischapterhavebeenmet

o Exposureisminimalandlim-itedtothefeet,thelegsbelowtheknees,thehands,andtheforearmsbelowtheelbows

o Employeesmustweartheearly-entryPPEspecified


onthelabelforworkersorthefollowing,(ifnoneisspecified):

–Coveralls, –Socks, –Chemical-resistant

footwear, –Chemical-resistantgloves,

and –Protectiveeyewear,

ifrequiredbythelabel.o Eachemployeespends

nomorethaneighthoursinany24-hourperiodinthetreatedfield,and

o Employeesareinformedbeforeenteringthatthisexceptionisbeingusedandaboutthepriorprovisionsthatapplytothem,orallyorbypostinganotice.

• Employeesmayenteratreatedfieldtoperformactivitiesthatdonotinvolvehandlaborotherthanpesticidehandling,no-contactactivities,orlimited-contactactivities,providedthatallofthefollowingoccurs:o Atleastfourhourshave

elapsedsincetheendoftheapplication

o Theinhalationexposuredoesnotexceedthelabelstandard,ortheventilationcriteriaoutlinedearlierinthischapterhavebeenmet

o EmployeesusethePPErequiredbythelabelforearlyentry

o Employeesremaininthetreatedfieldfornomorethan1hourinany24hourperiod,and

o Iftheyareinformedbeforeenteringthatthisexceptionisbeingusedandabouttheprovisionsthatapplytothem,orallyorbypostinganotice.

Whenemployeesoperatetractorsorotherequipmentwithenclosed

cabs,orwhentheyarepreventedfromcomingintocontactwithanythingthatwastreated,theyareconsideredtobeengagingina“nocontact”activity.

Restricted Entry Interval Adjust-ments.TheREIadjustmentsdescribedinthefollowingparagraphsandinSidebar2canbemadeonlytoREIsinregulationsnotinpesticidelabeling.REIsmaychangefromtimetotime.ReadthepesticidelabelorconsultyourCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerforcurrentinformation.

Shortening the Restricted-Entry Interval.TheREIadjustmentsde-scribedbelowcanbemadeonlytorestrictedentryintervalsfoundintheregulations,nottothoseprescribedonthepesticidelabel.Inotherwords,REIsspecifiedonthelabelmustbefollowed,theycannotbeadjusted.Withpriorauthorizationfromthe

CountyAgriculturalCommissioner,regulation-requiredREIscanbeshortenedasfollows:• Whenthereisnofoliageonthe

plantthathasbeentreated,andwhenanycropcoverorweedcoverinthetreatedareaisnotoverfourinchesinheight,therestrictedentryintervalcanbereducedby50percent,butinnocasetolessthanthelabel-specifiedrestrictedentryinterval,and

• Whenthepesticidelabelrequiresyoutoadjusttherestrictedentryintervalifyoumakeoutdoorapplicationsinageographi-calareathataverageslessthan25inchesofrainannually,youmustobservethelabel’sspecialREIrequirementsforthesedryareas.But,ifyoucanpresentyourCountyAgriculturalCommis-sionerwithvalidrainfalldatafromanofficialgovernment

sourceshowingthattheareainyourcountywhereyouwanttoapplypesticidesaverages25inchesofrainormoreannually,yourCountyAgriculturalCom-missionerisallowedtoshortentheREI.

Requirements for Early-Entry Field Workers.EmployeesmaybeallowedtoperformtasksinatreatedfieldaftercompletionoftheapplicationandwhileaREIisineffectONLYiftheemployermakessurethatthefollowingtakesplace:• Early-entryfieldworkersare

informedofpesticidelabelrequirementsregardingallofthefollowing:o Humanhazardsor

precautionso Firstaido Symptomsofpoisoningo Useandcareoflabel-required

PPEforearlyentryworkerso Prevention,recognition,


andfirstaidforheat-relatedillnesses,and

o Theimportanceofwashingthemselvesthoroughlyattheendoftheexposureperiod.

• EmployersprovideallrequiredPPEandprovideforitsclean-ingaccordingtopesticidelabelinstructions.IntheabsenceofanyinstructionsthePPEmustbewashedinhotwaterwithdetergent

• PPEis:o Replacedwhenitcannotbe

properlycleanedorrepairedo Inspectedbyemployerbefore

eachday’suse,ando Keptseparatefrompersonal

clothinginapesticidefree,specificallydesignatedplacewhennotinuse

o Cleanedanddried,orstoredinawell-ventilatedplacetodry,and

o ThatcontaminatedPPEiskeptandwashed

SIDEBAR2

Restricted-Entry Interval Adjustments: An Example:

To determine what the restricted-entry interval should be when you are applying a mixture of two or more organophosphate pesticides with differing restricted-entry intervals, add 50 per-cent of the next longest restricted-entry interval to the longest restricted-entry interval. For example, when treating a crop with a combination of Pesticide A and Pesticide B, the restricted-entry interval would be 15 days:

Restricted-Entry Interval

Pesticide A – 14 days

Pesticide B – 2 days

Calculations

50% of 2 days = 2 x 0.5 = 1

14 + 1 = 15 days


separatelyfromotherclothingorlaundry.

• AllrequiredPPEmeetstheapplicablestandardin3CCR

• EmployeesuseallPPEcorrectlyforitsintendedpurpose

• PPEremainsthepropertyoftheemployer.TheemployermustnotdirectorallowemployeestotakecontaminatedPPEhome.

• EmployerinformsanyonewhocleansorlaundersPPEo Thatitmaybecontaminatedo Thehazardsitpresents,ando Howtoproperlyhandleand

cleanit-,and• Whenthepesticidelabelrequires

eyeprotection,thatearly-entryworkershaveinhisorherpos-sessionorintheirworkvehicleatleastonepintofeyeflushwater.

Warning and Posting Requirements.Whenpropertyisusedforcommercialorresearchproductionofanagricul-turalcommodity,propertyoperatorsmustassurethattheiremployees,includingtheemployeesofanycontractortheyhire,arenotifiedofallscheduledpesticideapplications.Priortotheapplicationpropertyoperatorsmustgivethenotificationtoanyperson:• Inthefield• Likelytoenterduring

theapplication,or• Whomayenterduring

theREIanyemployeewhowalkswithin1/4mileofthetreatedfield.

Peoplewhoapplythepesticidesorsupervisetheapplicationsneednotbegivennotification.Thenoticemustbegiveninaman-

nerthatisunderstoodbythepeoplenotified.Thenoticemustincludethedescriptionandlocationofthetreatedarea,thetimeperiodduringwhichentryisrestricted,andinstructionsto

stayoutofthetreatedfield,exceptasprovidedforearlyentry,untiltheREIexpires.Oralnotificationisnotrequiredifthefieldispostedasspecifiedintheregulations,unlessthepesticidelabelrequiresbothoralwarningsandfieldposting.(Figure6-1)Whenthepesticidelabelrequires

it,propertyoperatorsmustassurethatsignsarepostedaroundtreatedfieldsduringtheapplicationandthroughouttheREI.Signsarenotrequiredifcontrolmeasuresareusedtopreventemployees,exceptforthehandlersmakingtheapplication,fromdoinganyofthefollowing:• Walkingwithin1/4mile

oftreatedarea• Enteringthetreatedarea,and• Workinginorremainingin

thetreatedfield.Allgreenhouseapplicationsrequire

postingofwarningsignsunlesscontrolmeasuresareusedtopreventemployees,exceptforthehandlersmakingtheapplication,from• Enteringthegreenhouses• Workingin,orremainingin,

and• Passingthroughthegreenhouse

duringtheapplicationand/ortheREI.

WarningsignsmustbepostedwhenanypesticideapplicationresultsinanREIgreaterthansevendaysafteranyadjustmentsallowedbytheregulations.

Warning Signs.Warningsignsmusthaveaskullandcrossbonessymbolnearthecenter.Thewords“DAN-GER,”“PELIGRO,”“PESTICIDES,”and“PESTICIDAS”mustappearintheupperportionofthesign,whilethewords“KEEPOUT”and“NOENTRE”mustappearinthelowerportion.Thewordingmustberead-ableandthesymbolvisibletoapersonwithnormalvisionfrom25

feet.Thecolorsofthelettersandsymbolsmustcontrastwiththeirimmediatebackground.Thesignsmustbepostednoearlierthan24hourspriortoanapplicationandmustberemovedwithinthreedaysafterexpirationoftheREI,beforeemployeesentertoperformactivitiesprohibitedduringtheREI.ThesignmustremainpostedandclearlylegiblethroughouttheapplicationandanREI.WhenthesignisusedforanREIgreaterthansevendays,thefollowinginformationmustappearinthelowerportionofthesign:• Datewhenentrywillbecome

unrestricted,• Nameofthepropertyoperator,

and• Fieldidentification,ifany.Warningsignsmustbepostedso

theyarevisibleatallusualpointsofentrytothetreatedfield.Thisincludeseachroad,footpath,walkway,oraislethatentersthetreatedfield.Thesignsmustbepostedalongtheborderwithanylaborcampthatisadjacenttothetreatedfield.Ifthetreatedfieldbor-dersanunfencedpublicright-of-waysuchasaroad,trail,orpath,addition-alsignsmustbepostedateachendofthetreatedfieldandalongtheborderatintervalsnogreaterthan600feet.Whenaminimalexposurepesticide

orapesticidewiththesignalword


“DANGER/POISON”or“DANGER”onthelabelisappliedthroughanir-rigationsystem,signsmustbepostedinthesamemanneraspreviouslydescribed.However,suchwarningsignsmustalsocontainanoctagonSTOPsignsymbolatleasteightinchesindiametercontainingtheword“STOP”inEnglish.Also,thewords“KEEPOUT”and“NOENTRE”mustappearabovethesymbol,andthewords“PESTICIDESINIRRIGATIONWATER”and“PESTICIDASENAGUADERIEGO”mustappearbelowthesymbol.Alllettersmustbeatleast2-1/2inchestall,andthecolorofthesymbolandlettersmustcontrastsharplywiththebackground.Ifafumigantisappliedtoafield,

warningsignsmustbepostedasdescribedabove.However,thesignmustinsteadhavetheskullandcrossbonessymbolandthefollowingwordsandinformation:• “DANGER/PELIGRO”• “AREAUNDERFUMIGATION,

DONOTENTER/NOENTRE”• “(Nameofthefumigant)

FUMIGANTINUSE”• Dateandtimeofthe

fumigation,and• Name,address,andtelephone

numberoftheapplicator.


1. When must pesticide safety training be given to field workers?❏ A.Withinonemonthaftertheybeginwork.❏ B.Immediatelyaftereachpesticideapplication.❏ C.Beforetheyareallowedtoworkina

treatedfield.❏ D.Whenfieldworkersrequesttraining.

2. How often must field workers receive pesti-cide safety training?❏ A.Everyyear.❏ B.Everytwoyears.❏ C.Everyfouryears.❏ D.Everyfiveyears.

3. Who is qualified to provide training to field workers in California? ❏ A.Apersonwhohascompletedanapproved

instructor-trainingprogram.❏ B.Anotherfieldworkerwhoattended

afieldworkertrainingsession.❏ C.Anyfieldsupervisororfarmmanager.❏ D.AUniversityofCaliforniaprofessor.

4. What document must be displayed at the work site or central location when field workers are working in a pesticide-treated field?❏ A.ThePestControlRecommendationsignedby

alicensedPestControlAdviser.❏ B.AcompletedPSISleafletA-9.❏ C.Anoutlineofthepesticidesafetytraining

providedtotheworkers.❏ D.Alistofthetrainedworkersemployedbythe

farmingoperation.

5. Before field worker employees are allowed to enter pesticide-treated fields, what infor-mation must the property operator inform them about that is mandated by California’s pesticide laws?❏ A.Thelocationofdrinkingwater.❏ B.Theworkhours,includingbreakandlunch

periods.❏ C.Theavailabilityandlocationofthepesticide

userecords,PSISleaflets,andMSDS’s.❏ D.Howtoprotectthemselvesfromsunexposure.

6. Which of the following information about a pesticide-treated field is not required to be displayed at a central location?❏ A.Thetimeanddateofthepesticideapplication.❏ B.TheREI.❏ C.Theproductname,theEPAregistration

number,andtheactiveingredients.❏ D.Thenameofthepersonwhomade

thepesticideapplication.

7. When a pesticide that requires the use of a respirator is applied to a small number of plants in one section of a greenhouse, the treated area is considered to be❏ A.25feetinalldirectionsfromthetreatedplants.❏ B.Theentireenclosedareaplusanyadjacent

areathatisnotsealedfromthetreatmentsite.❏ C.100feetinalldirectionsfromthetreated

plants.❏ D.Thetreatmentsiteonly.

8. When employees are required to enter pesticide-treated fields, emergency medical care must be❏ A.Obtainedbytheemployeesifneeded.❏ B.Providedifneededaftertheemployer

consultswithamedicaladvisor.❏ C.Plannedandarrangedforinadvance

bytheemployer.❏ D.ArrangedforbythelocalCountyAgricultural

Commissioner.

9. When there is an inconsistency between the regulation-specified REI and the label-specified REI, you must always❏ A.Averagethetworestricted-entryintervals.❏ B.Followtheregulation-specifiedinterval.❏ C.Followthelabel-specifiedinterval.❏ D.Usethelongerinterval.



10. Which of the following is one of the restric-tions for employees entering a pesticide-treated area before the REI expires to conduct limited-contact activities?❏ A.Atleast12hourshaveelapsedsince

theapplicationwascompleted.❏ B.Thelabelrequirespostingandoral

notificationofemployees.❏ C.Eachemployeespendsnomorethan

eighthoursinany24-hourperiodinthetreatedfield.

❏ D.Employeesarewearinglong-sleevedshirts,longpants,andshoesandsocks.

11. Which of the following would be considered a no contact activity in a pesticide-treated area in which the REI has not expired?❏ A.Performinghandlaboractivities.❏ B.Limited-contactirrigationactivities.❏ C.Adjustingorrepairingthepesticidesprayer.❏ D.Operatingatractorfromanenclosedcab.

12. When using posting as a method of notifi-cation about a pesticide REI, posting signs must be placed no further apart than❏ A.100feet.❏ B.250feet.❏ C.500feet.❏ D.600feet.

13. When the pesticide label requires eye protection, employers must also provide each early-entry worker with❏ A.Sunglasses.❏ B.Atleastonepintofeyeflushwater.❏ C.Threepairsofgoggles.❏ D.Prescriptioneyedrops.

14. Which of the following is not an employer responsibility before allowing employees into a treated field after completion of a pesticide application and while a REI is in effect?❏ A.Providinginstructionsonwhere

andhowtostorepersonalprotectiveequipmentathome.

❏ B.Providingallrequiredpersonalprotectiveequipment.

❏ C.Providinginstructionstoemployeestowashthoroughlyattheendoftheexposureperiod.

❏ D.Providinginformationonrecognizing,preventing,andgivingfirstaidforheat-relatedillnesses.


Fumigation Handler Worker Safety 77 GENERAL FUMIGATION HANDLER

REQUIREMENTS 96

REVIEW QUESTIONS 98

GENERALFUMIGATIONHANDLERREQUIREMENTS

Employersareresponsibleforensuringsafeworkingconditionsfortheirfumigationhandleremployees.Theymustmakesureemployeeshavetherequiredpersonalpro-tectiveequipment,includingtheproperrespiratoryequipmentandaremonitored,orprotectedinotherwaysspecifiedbelow.Theymusthaveanaccidentresponseplanandtraintheiremployeeshowtorespondincaseofaccidents.And,theymustobserveregulationsregardingfumigatingen-closedspacesandfieldsandpostingofwarningsigns.

General Fumigation—Safe Use Requirements.Employersmustpro-videandassurethatemployeesweartheapprovedrespiratoryequipmentwhen:• Fumigantconcentrations

o Cannotbecontrolled,ando Theyexposeemployeesto

levelsthatexceedthePermissibleExposureLimit(PEL)asspecifiedintheTitle8,CaliforniaCodeofRegulations,section5155,or

• Whentheproductlabelspecifiesmorestringentrequirements.

Whenanemployeemightbeexposedtolevelsabovethepermis-sibleexposurelimitformethylbro-mide,sulfurylfluoride(Vikane),oranyotherfumigantforwhichtheonlytypeofapprovedrespiratory

96 • FUMIGATION HANDLER WORKER SAFETY

equipmentisair-suppliedequipment,theemployerhastheoptiontodooneofthefollowing:• Requiretheemployeetouseair-

suppliedrespiratoryequipment,eitherself-containedbreathingapparatus(SCBA)oranair-linerespirator

• ProvidecontinuousmonitoringtowarntheemployeebeforethePELisreached,or

• Uponwrittenrequestbyanemployer,DPRwillreviewandmayacceptafumigationsafetyprogramthatdescribesmethods,workpractices,devices,orprocessesthatDPRdetermineswillensureemployeeswillnotbeexposedtoconcentrationsoffumigantsinexcessofthePEL.

Accident Response Plan.Employ-ersmusthaveanaccidentresponseplanateachworksite,thatprovidesinstructionstoprotectemployeesdur-ingsituationssuchasspills,fire,andleaks.Theemployermusttrainem-ployeesintheaccidentmanagementproceduresasstatedintheplan.

Fumigation of Enclosed Spaces. Enclosedspacesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:• Vaults• Chambers• Greenhouses• Vans• Boxcars• Ships• Planes

FUMIGATION HANDLER WORKER SAFETY • 97

• Vehicles,and• Tarp-coveredstructures

andcommodities.Whenyoufumigatetarp-covered

commoditiesinsideofbuildings,orwhenyoufumigateareasorthingsinsideenclosedgreenhousesorotherenclosedspaces,thefollow-ingrequirementsapplytotheentirestructureorspace:• Atleasttwotrainedemployees

mustbepresentatalltimes• Theemployeesshallbe

trainedinpesticidesafety,includinghowtofollowanaccidentresponseplan,and

• Thetwotrainedemployessmustbepresentwhen:o Thefumigantisintroduced,o Whenanyoneentersthe

enclosedspacetofacilitateaeration,and

o Whenanyoneenterstheenclosedspacetodeterminethefumigantconcentration.

Inallofthesecases,PPEmustbewornwhenthepesticideproductlabelortheregulationsrequireit.Thesecondemployeemusthaveimmediateaccesstothelabel-requiredPPEforpesticidehandlers,incaseitbecomesnecessarytoenterthefumigatedenclosedspaceforrescue.Theonlyexceptioniswhensolid

fumigantsareintroducedintotheenclosedspacefromapositionoutsidetheenclosedspace.Solidfumigantsinclude:• Aluminumphosphide,• Magnesiumphosphide,

and• Smokecartridges.Inthesecasesonlyonetrained

employeemustbepresent.Theemployermustfollowthehazardcommunicationandworkersafetyrequirementsinregulations.

Warning Signs.Youmustpostplainlyvisiblewarningsignsatallen-trancestothespacethatwillbefumi-gatedbeforeyoustartanyfumigation.Youmustnotremovewarningsignsuntilfumigationandventilationhavebeencompletedandthepremisesaresafeforrentry.Warningsignsmustbeprintedin

redonawhitebackground.Theymustcontain,inEnglishandSpanish,thefollowingstatementinlettersthatarenolessthantwoinchesinheight:“DANGER—FUMIGATION.”Thesignsmustalsohaveaskull

andcrossbonessymbolthatisnolessthanoneinchinheight,andinlettersthatarenolessthanone-halfinchinheight.Thesignsmustidentifythe:• Nameofthefumigant• Dateandtimethefumigant

wasintroduced,and• Name,address,andtelephone

numberoftheapplicatorperformingthefumigation.

UnlessthefumigantconcentrationintheareaisknowntobeatorbelowthePEL,employersmustnotallowemployeestoenterfumigatedenclosedareas,exceptproperlyprotectedemployeestodeterminethefumigantconcentrationortofacilitateaeration.Fumigantsmustnotbereleased

intoanoccupiedworkarea.Duringthefumigation,meaningafteranyfumigantisappliedandbeforeaerationiscomplete,employersmustmanagethetreatedareaorproductssothatemployeeswhoentertheareaorworkwiththetreat-edproductsarenotexposedtoconcentrationsinexcessofthePEL.Moredetailedandspecificfieldsoilfumigationuserequire-mentsarecoveredintheFieldFumigationStudyGuide,writtenforthosewhostudyfortheSoilFumigationPestControlCategoryExamination.

98 • FUMIGATION HANDLER WORKER SAFETY

1. Employers must provide and require employ-ees to wear approved respiratory equipment when❏ A.Fumigantconcentrationsarekeptbelow

thePermissibleExposureLimit.❏ B.Fumigantconcentrationsarecontrolled

atsafelevels.❏ C.Thefumigantsbeingusedarenon-toxic

topeople.❏ D.Fumigantconcentrationscannotbecontrolled.

2. A fumigation accident response plan must be located❏ A.Intheemployer’sfiles.❏ B.Ontheemployeebulletinboard.❏ C.Ateachworksite.❏ D.Inoneoftheemployees’vehicles.

3. When a fumigated enclosed space is being entered to facilitate aeration, how many trained employees must be present?❏ A.None.❏ B.One.❏ C.Two.❏ D.Four.

4. Before starting any enclosed space fumiga-tion, you must post plainly-visible warning signs ❏ A.Atallentrancestothespace.❏ B.Aroundthemainentrancetothespace.❏ C.Atthreeormorelocationsaroundthespace.❏ D.Atacentrallocationclosetothespace.


Pesticide Residue 88 PESTICIDE RESIDUE 100


PESTICIDERESIDUE

DPR’sresidue-monitoringprogramisakeyelementintheintegratedreg-ulatoryprogramdesignedtoensurethesafeuseofpesticidesinCalifornia.Thischapterwillgiveyouanoverviewofthelawsandregulationsconcern-ingpesticideresidues.

Monitoring for Pesticide Residues.Pesticideresidueistheremnantofapesticidethatcanbefoundonacroporcommodityafterapplication.Residuesmayresultfromanyofthefollowing:• Directapplication• Off-sitemovementsuchasdrift,

volatilization,wind-blownpesti-cidedustsandpesticideresiduesonsoilparticlesandrunofffromirrigationorrainwater

• Uptakefromcontaminatedsoil,and

• Otherenvironmentalsources.

Sampling for Residues.DPR,theU.S.FDA,andCountyAgriculturalCommissionerscollectsamplesofvariousproducecommoditiesforpesticideresidueanalyses.DPRcol-lectssamplesthroughouttheyearfromchainstoredistributioncenters,wholesalemarkets,andpoints-of-entry.Thesesamplesincludedomesticandforeignproduce.CountyAgricul-turalCommissionersmaycollectandanalyzeproducesamplesfromthefieldsatanytimeduringthegrowing

100 • PESTICIDE RESIDUE

season.Thepurposeofsamplingistomonitorforillegalpesticideuseorpesticideresidues.TheU.S.FDAsamplesdomesticandimportedproduceininterstatecommercewithinCaliforniaandthroughouttheUnitedStates.Theyhavestrength-enedtheirimportprograminthelastfewyearsandnowgivespecialattentiontoimportedfoods.

Pesticide Residue Tolerances.TheU.S.EPAestablishestolerancesforpesticideresiduesinproduce.Eachtoleranceisthehighestresiduelevelofaparticularpesticidethatislegallyallowedonaparticularcom-modity.Thepurposeoftolerancesistoensurethatconsumersarenotexposedtounsafelevelsofpesticideresiduesinfood.Tolerancesarebaseduponextensivecropresiduedataandtoxicologicalinformationdevelopedbypesticideregistrationapplicants.Thisinformationisdevelopedthroughactualcropresiduetrialsandtheuseoftestanimals.QualifiedscientistsatU.S.EPAevaluatethesedata.InCalifornia,pesticidetoler-ancesareenforcedbythejointeffortsofDPREnforcementBranchandtheCDFACenterforAnalyticalChemistry.ProduceissampledbyDPRscientistsandanalyzedforpesticideresiduesbyCDFAchemists.Thebestwayforyoutoavoidpesti-

cideresidueproblemsistoreadandcarefullyfollowthelabelinstructionsandfollowanylawsorregulations

PESTICIDE RESIDUE • 101

thatmaygoverntheuseofaspecificpesticide.Youshouldalwaysconsiderwhatisbeingproducedonadjoiningproperties.Then,selecttheproperpesticideandmethodofapplication,andconfinethepesticidetothepropertyyouaretreating.Lawsandregulationsdonot

justifyorpermitpesticideresidueonproduceunlessatolerancehasbeenestablishedforthatspecificpesticideandproducecombination.Insomeinstances,DPRmayauthorizeanexemptionfromatolerance.

Parts Per Million.Pesticideresiduesarenormallymeasuredinpartspermillion(ppm).Onepartpermillionmeansthatthereisonepartofachemicalforeverymillionpartsofacommodity.Ingeneral,pesticideresiduesaremeasurableataminimumdetectablelevelof0.01ppm.Quarantine. Whenanagriculturalcommodityisfoundtocarrypesticideresiduesinexcessofthelegaltolerance,thecommodityisquarantinedand

SIDEBAR3

Tolerances for Combinations of Related and Unrelated Pesticide Residues Related Pesticide Residue Combination

Consider a lettuce crop treated with Pesticide X and Pesticide Y, both organophosphates. The established tolerance for Pesticide X on lettuce is 2 ppm, and the established tolerance for Pesticide Y is 7 ppm. One lot of packed lettuce was found to carry 1 ppm of Pesticide X and 4 ppm of Pesticide Y. To determine the percent of allowable tolerance, related chemical residues are added on a percentage basis:

One ppm is 50 percent of 2 ppm, and 4 ppm is 57.1 percent of 7 ppm. When 50 percent and 57.1 percent are added together, the result is 107.1 percent. This lot is in violation, because the combined residues exceed 100 percent of the allowed tolerance for organophosphates.

Unrelated Pesticide Residue Combination

Consider what happens if the residue found on this lot of lettuce had been 1 ppm of Pesticide A, an organophosphate, and 2 ppm of Pesticide B, a chlorinated hydrocarbon:

This time the residue on the lettuce is legal, because unrelated pesticides are not added on a percentage basis. Therefore, 100 percent tolerance of each compound is legal.

Pesticide Tolerance Residue Residue (Percent of Tolerance) X 2 ppm 1 ppm 50.0 Y 7 ppm 4 ppm 57.1

107.1

Pesticide Tolerance Residue Residue (Percent of Tolerance) A 1 ppm 1 ppm 100

B 2 ppm 2 ppm 100

102 • PESTICIDE RESIDUE

1. A pesticide residue tolerance is the❏ A.Minimumamountofpesticidethatisallow-

ableonaparticularcommodityatthetimeofapplication.

❏ B.Maximumamountofpesticidethatisallow-ableonaparticularcommodityatthetimeofapplication.

❏ C.Maximumamountofpesticidethatisallow-ableonaparticularcommodityatthetimeofharvest.

❏ D.Maximumamountofpesticidethatisallow-ableonaparticularcommodityatmarketdistributioncenters,wholesalemarkets,andpoints-of-entry.

2. What is the best way to avoid exceeding the legal pesticide tolerance on a commodity to which you are making a pesticide application? ❏ A.Maketheapplicationascloseaspossible

toharvest.❏ B.Useadjuvantsthatretardthebreakdown

ofthepesticide.❏ C.Carefullyfollowlabelinstructionsand

anylawsorregulationsthatmaygoverntheuseofthespecificpesticide.

❏ D.Makeapplicationsatnightorearlymornings.

3. If an agricultural commodity is found to carry pesticide residues in excess of the legal tolerance it will be ❏ A.Bannedfromsaleincertainstates.❏ B.Allowedtobesoldonlyincertified

farmers’markets.❏ C.Allowedtobesoldonlyoutsideof

theUnitedStates.❏ D.Quarantinedandremovedfromsale

anddistribution.

4. If an agricultural commodity is found to have residues of a pesticide that is not registered for that commodity, it will be ❏ A.Soldforlivestockfeedonly.❏ B.Consideredapublicnuisance.❏C.Heldinstorageuntiltheresiduesdissipate.❏D.Allowedtobesoldonlyoutsideof

theUnitedStates.


removedfromsaleanddistribution.Thisprocedureisalsoimplementediftheagriculturalcommodityisfoundtohavearesidueforwhichthereisnotoleranceestablished.Thegrower,thepacker,andtheshipperareallsubjecttoprosecution.Thequaran-tinedlotcannotbemovedordisposedofwithoutapprovalfromDPR.Seizure. Ifyoutreatacrop,commod-ity,orsitewithapesticidethatisnotregisteredforuseonthatcrop,commodity,orsite,itisconsidered

apublicnuisance.ItmaybeseizedbyDPRtopreventitsharvestorsaleandtopreventplantingofthesite.

Commercial Laboratories. Manygrow-ersandchemicalfirmsusetheser-vicesofcommerciallaboratoriesthatprovidepesticideresidueanalysis.AlllaboratoriesthatanalyzeproduceforpesticideresiduesmustbeaccreditedbytheCaliforniaDepartmentofPublicHealth.

The Endangered Species Act, The Healthy Schools Act, and Ground and Surface Water Protection 99 THE ENDANGERED

SPECIES ACT 104

THE HEALTHY SCHOOLS ACT 105

GROUND WATER PROTECTION 106

SURFACE WATER PROTECTION 107


THEENDANGEREDSPECIESACT

ThefederalEndangeredSpeciesActof1973wasimplementedtoprovideprotectionsforendangeredandthreatenedplantandanimalspeciesaslistedbytheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.ItisalsodesignedtoconservetheecosystemsuponwhichtheselistedspeciesdependUnderthisact,allfederalagencies

mustensurethatanyactionstheyauthorizeorcarryoutwillnotfurtherjeopardizethecontinuedexistenceofendangeredorthreat-enedspecies.Habitatandpreycriticaltothesespecies’survivalalsomustnotbeharmed.U.S.EPA’spesticideregistrationprocessiscoveredundertheserequirements,whichimpactspesticideusersthroughlabelingrequirements.

U.S. EPA Responsibilities.Accord-ingly,U.S.EPAusesitspesticideregistrationandcompliancepro-gramstomitigateadverseimpactstoendangeredspecies,theirhabitats,ortheirpreyfromlegalpesticideuses.Foreachpesticideitregisters,U.S.EPAmustconductabiologicalassessmenttoanalyzethepotentialeffectsofthatpesticideonlistedspecies,theirhabitat,ortheirprey.EithertheNationalMarineFisheriesServiceortheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicewillreviewthebiologicalassessmentandprepareaconclusionofitsreview.Ifit

104 • THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT, THE HEALTHY SCHOOLS ACT, AND GROUND AND SURFACE WATER PROTECTION

isconcludedthattheregisteredpesticideusesmayadverselyaffectalistedspeciesortheirhabitat,reasonableandprudentalternativeswillbeproposedtoU.S.EPA

Endangered Species Protection Program.U.S.EPAcreatedanenforceableprogram,theEndan-geredSpeciesProtectionProgram(ESPP)to:• Provideendangeredspeciesand

habitatmaximumprotectionfrompesticideuse,and

• Minimizeanyadverseimpacttopesticideuserswhenimple-mentingprotectionsforendan-geredspeciesfromanypotentialadverseeffectsofpesticideuse.

ToimplementportionsoftheESPP,pesticidelabelsmightdirectuserstoreadspecialcountybulletins.U.S.EPAfollowsaspeciesapproachtoprotection,prioritizedaccordingtothevulnerabilityofeachendangeredorthreatenedplantoranimal.U.S.EPAalsodeterminesthelowestlevelofpesticideusethatmayaffecteachspecies.

California State Plan.InCalifor-nia,DPRhasastateplantoprotectfederallyandstatelistedspeciesfrompesticideuses.Theplanisimplementedthroughanonlinedatabaseapplication,thePesticideRegulationEndangeredSpeciesCustomReal-timeInternetBulletinEngine(PRESCRIBE).PRESCRIBEhelpspesticideusersfindoutif

THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT, THE HEALTHY SCHOOLS ACT, AND GROUND AND SURFACE WATER PROTECTION • 105

thereareanyendangeredspeciesorspeciehabitatinthevicinityoftheirusesite,andtheuselimitationsthatapplytothepesticideproduct(s)theyintendtouse.DPR’sEndangeredSpeciesProjectactivitiesinclude:• Mappingsitesoccupiedby

federallyandstatethreatenedorendangeredspecies

• Evaluatingtherisksfrompesti-cidestospeciesandtheirhabitat

• ClassifyingrisksfrompesticidesregisteredinCalifornia

• Developingprotectionstrategiestominimizerisksfrompesticidesasneeded

• UpdatingandmaintainingthePRESCRIBEonlinedatabaseapplication,and

• Providingpublicoutreachandapplicatortrainingonendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitats.

OfallthefederallylistedspeciesinCalifornia,theSanJoaquinkitfoxhasthegreatestoverlapwithagricul-turalareas,mostlyintheSanJoaquinValley.OtherspeciesinterspersedwithagriculturalareasinCaliforniaincludebirds,mammals,reptiles,amphibians,fishes,invertebrates,andmanyplants.

DPRcoordinatesitsendangeredspe-ciesprotectionstrategieswiththeU.SFish&WildlifeService,theNational

MarineFisheriesService,theCalifor-niaDepartmentofFishandGame,theCaliforniaDepartmentofFoodandAgriculture,andtheCountyAgriculturalCommissioners.THEHEALTHYSCHOOLSACT

California’sHealthySchoolsAct(HSA)establishedrequirementsdesignedtoprotectthehealthandsafetyofchildrenandstaffincertainpublicschoolsandchilddaycarefacilities.SchoolsandchildcarefacilitiesthatmustcomplywiththeHSAshallmeetspecificpesticideuserequirements.Allpestcontrolbusinessesper-

formingpestcontrolatthesefacili-tiesarealsorequiredtomeetspecificrequirementsthatareinadditiontothegeneralpesticideuserequire-mentsthattheymustmeetwhenperformingpestcontrolatothersites.TheHSAalsoprohibitstheuseofanypesticide:• Withaconditional,interim,or

cancelledregistration,• Usedunderanexperimentaluse

permit,or• Withusesthatareotherwisebe-

ingphased-out.

Requirements for Pest Control Businesses.Inadditiontotheusualapplicationrequirementsforpestcontrolatothersites,thepestcontrolbusinessthatishiredbyaschoolor

FIGURE9-1.

Ground water contamination, resulting from normal, registered use of pesticides, can cause unreasonable risks to human health and the environment.

childcarefacilitythatmustcomplywiththeHSA,shallmeetspecificrequirementsfor:• Providinganapplication

notificationandpostapplicationwarningsigns

• Keepingpesticideuserecords,and

• SubmittinganannualHSAusereporttoDPR.

Thepestcontrolbusinessmustcom-plywithpesticideuserequirementsundertheHSA.

General Requirements for Schools and Child Care Facilities.Generally,schoolsandchildcarefacilitiesthatmustcomplywiththeHSAshall:• Providestaffandparent

notificationofpesticidesintendedtobeappliedandforscheduledapplications

• Assurethatapplicationwarningsignsareposted,and

• Keeppesticideuserecordsofanypesticidesapplied.

Certainpesticidesareexemptfromtheserequirements,includingself-containedbaitsandtraps,crackandcrevicegelsandpastes,andcertainotherpesticidesthatareexemptfromU.S.EPAregistration.

DPR School Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program.DPRpromoteseffectiveleasttoxicpestmanagementpracticesatschoolsandchildcarefacilitiescoveredbytheHSAthroughtheirSchoolIPMPrograms.DPRworkswithschooldistrictsinCaliforniabyprovidingthemwithIPMtrainingandoutreachtoencouragetheadoptionofIPMpractices.DPRinteractswithorganizationsrepresentingchildcareproviders,includingmakingpresentationsabouttheprogramplusprovidingeducationalinfor-mationandencouragementtouseIPMpracticesatchildcarefacilities.


GROUNDWATERPROTECTION

Extensivemonitoringandtestinghavefoundthatnormal,registereduseofcertainpesticideproductshaveresultedingroundwatercon-tamination.(Figure9-1)Ithasbeendeterminedthatthiscontaminationposesunacceptableriskstohumanhealthandtheenvironment.DPR’sgroundwaterprotectionregula-tionsaredesignedtopreventfurthergroundwatercontaminationandtokeepexistingcontaminationfromworsening.Thevariousgroundwaterprotectionregulationsimposespecificuserequirementsforcertainpesticideproductsthathavecon-taminatedorhavethepotentialtocontaminategroundwaterincertainareasofconcern.Thesepesticidesofconcernincludethosewithregisteredlabelingforuseinthefollowingsettings:• Agricultural,• Outdoorinstitutional,or• Outdoorindustrial.

Groundwaterprotectionregulationsidentifythesepesticides,identifycertaingeographicareasandtheirphysicalcharacteristics,andimposeuserequirementsfortheseareasthatinclude:• Obtainingarestrictedmaterial

permit• Possessinganapplicator

certification,and• Restrictingusebasedongeo-

graphicorotherusesitecriteria.

Ground Water Protection Area.Ageographicarea,asmentionedabove,isidentifiedasagroundwaterprotectionarea(GWPA).Itisageographicalareaofapproxi-matelyonesquaremilethatisvulnerabletomovementofpes-ticidestogroundwater.AGWPAisbasedonthedetectionofpesticides:


• Ingroundwaterduetolegalagriculturaluse,or

• Onsoiltypesatdepthtothegroundwaterthatarecharacteristicofareaswherepesticideshavebeendetectedingroundwater.

TherearetwotypesofGWPA’s:• Leaching–wherepesticide

residuesmovefromthesoilsurfacedownwardinsoilwithpercolatingwatertogroundwater;and

• Runoff–wherepesticideresiduesarecarriedinrunoffwatertomoredirectroutestogroundwatersuchas:o Dryordrainagewellso Poorlysealedproductionwellso Soilcracks,oro Otherareaswhereleaching

canoccur.GWPA’shavebeenestablishedinnumerouscounties,mostlyintheSacramentoandSanJoaquinValleys,butalsoinotherareasofthestate.

Use Requirements and Restrictions. Whenarestrictedmaterialpermitisrequiredtousethesepesticides:• Youmustselectamanagement

practiceoptionoruserequire-mentsspecifiedintheregulationsorapprovedbytheDirector,and

• TheCountyAgriculturalCommissionermustconcuranddesignatetheselectedpracticeasanenforceableconditiononthepermit.

Theseuserequirementsaredesignedtopreventthepesticidesofconcernfromreachinggroundwaterfromleachingorrunoff.Therearelimitedexemptionstoobtainingarestrictedmaterialspermit.Thespecificuserequire-mentsarebasedonthepesticideusesettingsasdesignatedbytypeofGWPA.

SURFACEWATERPROTECTION

DPR’ssurfacewaterprogramaddressesagriculturalandnon-agriculturalpesticideactivitiestoreducepesticidesinsurfacewaters.Theprogramrelieson:• Stakeholderoutreachto

promotemanagementpracticesthatreducepesticiderunoff

• DPR’sregistrationprocesstoevaluatepotentialadverseeffectstosurfacewaterquality,and

• Implementingmitigationoptionsdesignedtomeetwaterqualitygoals.

Dormant Insecticide Contamination Prevention.Insecticideapplicationsarecommonlymadeoncertaindormantvineandtreecropstocombatoverwinteringarthropodpestsanddiseases.Sincetheseapplicationstypicallycoincidewiththewinterstormseason,somedormantsprayinsecticidescancauseproblemswhentheyortheirresidueswindupinnearbyriversandstreamsfromrunofforwhendriftoccurs.Tomitigatetheseproblems,propertyoperatorsmustfollowDPRregula-tionstocontroldormantsprayrunoffanddrift.Theregulationscoverallapplicationmethodsandatminimum:• Limitapplicationsofcertain

typesofpesticides• Limitapplicationsto

hydrologically-isolatedsites,or• Requireanyrunofftobeheld

onsiteforaspecifiedtimebeforereleaseintoasensitivebodyofwaterorotheraquaticsite,suchascanals,streams,andrivers.

Inaddition,thepropertyoperatormustfollowtherequirementsthatinclude:• Gettingawrittenrecommenda-

tionfromalicensedPCA

• Providingabufferzonearoundanysensitiveaquaticsiteand

• Followingwindspeedrestrictions.Inaddition,aerialapplicationsareallowedonlyif:• Soilconditionsdonotallow

fieldentry,or• Approachingbloomconditions

requireanaerialapplication.Dormantsprayapplicationsareprohibitedifthesoilisalreadysaturated,orfieldrunoffislikely


tooccurifitrainsandastormisforecastedtooccurwithin48hoursafterascheduleddormantsprayapplication.Ahydrologicallyisolatedsiteisanytreatedareathatdoesnotproducerunoffthatcanenteranyirrigationordrainageditch,canal,orotherbodyofwater.Anysurfacewaterbodyisasensitiveaquaticsiteunlessitresidesexclusivelyonprivateproperty.


1. Ground water contamination resulting from legal, registered uses of pesticides❏ A.Doesnotoccur.❏ B.Accountsforonlyaminoramountofthepesti-

cidegroundwatercontaminationproblem.❏ C.Cancauseunacceptableriskstohumanhealth

andtheenvironment.❏ D.Occursbutcausesnoriskstohumansorthe

environment.

2. In the Department of Pesticide Regulation sur-face water protection program a hydro-logically isolated site is❏ A.Defineddifferentlyineachcountydepending

onlocaltreatmentareaandsurfacewatercondi-tions.

❏ B.Anareaofsurfacewaterprotectedfrompesticiderunofffromtreatmentareasbyatleast150feetofimpermeablesoil.

❏ C.Consideredtomeananypesticidetreatmentsitethatiscompletelysurroundedbysurfacewater.

❏ D.Anytreatmentareathatdoesnotproducepesticiderunoffthatcanenteranysurfacewater,suchasinanirrigationcanalordrainageditch.

3. The Healthy Schools Act is a❏ A.Federalprogramwithrequirementstopromote

integratedpestmanagementtoprotectnon-pestspeciesfrompesticidesappliedonschoolgrounds.

❏ B.Californialegislativemandatetoprotectchildrenandstafffrompesticideexposureincertainschoolsandchildcarefacilities.

❏ C.StatemandatedprogramthatcoversonlyschoolsandchildcarefacilitieslocatedonStateproperty.

❏ D.Federalprogramthatcoversallschoolsandchildcarefacilitiesthatreceiveanyfederalfunding.

4. When a pest control business must meet requirements in the Healthy Schools Act, the pest control business shall❏ A.Submitaspecificformtoreportweekly

pestcontrolactivityconductedatallschoolsordaycarefacilities.

❏ B.CompleteandpostanannualpestcontrolnoticeatallentrancesofK-12schoolsandallchildcarefacilities.

❏ C.Providespecializednotificationandpesticidesafetytrainingforallinterestedpersonsworkingatschoolsanddaycarefacilitiesservicedbythepestcontrolbusiness.

❏ D.SubmitaschoolandchildcarepesticideusereporttoDPRatleastannually.

5. The goal of the use requirements in the ground water protection regulations is to❏ A.Minimizetheimpactofrainfallonpesticides

appliedtoorchards.❏ B.Encouragetheuseofmechanicalweedcontrol

ingroundwaterprotectionareas.❏ C.Reducerunoffandleachingofcertainpesticides

intogroundwater.❏ D.Discouragetheuseofrestrictedmaterialson

soilsthatcontainwaterwells.

6. The Department of Regulation surface water protection regulations are designed to❏ A.Accuratelyrecordandtrackpesticideuseby

locationduringtherainyseason.❏ B.Prohibituseofpesticideproductsthatareidenti-

fiedasgeneratorsofvolatileorganiccompounds.❏ C.Controlrunoffanddriftofdormantseason

pesticidesappliedtotreeandvinecrops.❏ D.ProvidelocalCountyAgriculturalCommissioners

withpre-applicationnotificationofallpesticidesappliedjustpriortoandafterrainfall.

7. Under the Endangered Species Act, the ________ is responsible for ensuring that reg-istered pesticides will not harm endangered species or their habitats.❏ A.CaliforniaDepartmentofPesticideRegulation.❏ B.U.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.❏ C.CaliforniaEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.❏ D.U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

8. Protection of endangered or threatened plants or animals is prioritized by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency according to❏ A.Locationinrelationtoagriculturalsites.❏ B.Typeoforganism.❏ C.Vulnerabilityofeachendangeredorthreatened

organism.❏ D.Distributionofeachendangeredor

threatenedorganismthroughouttheU.S.


Minimal Exposure Pesticides1010 MINIMAL EXPOSURE PESTICIDE

USE REQUIREMENTS 112


MINIMALEXPOSUREPESTICIDEUSEREQUIREMENTS

Becauseofspecifichazardsthatarenotmitigatedbyinstructionsontheirlabels,pesticideswithcertainactiveingredientsareclassifiedasminimalexposurepesticides.Byregulation,peoplewhohandlethesepesticidesmustfollowspecialuserequirements,inadditiontothoseonthelabels,developedtoreducehandlerexposureandmitigatehazardsassociatedwithusingthesepesticides.

Conditions of Use.Thefollowingconditionsapplytocertainminimalexposurepesticides:• Applicationsofoxydemeton-

methyltoornamentallandscapetreesandshrubsmustbemadebytrunkinjectionorsoilinjec-tionmethodsonly,and

• Applicationsofoxydemeton-methylandpropargitearenotallowedwithinagreenhouse.

Minimal Exposure Pesticide Safety Requirements.Theseaddi-tionalsafetyrequirementstakeeffectregardlessofthetoxicitycategoryofthepesticideproductsused.Employ-ersareresponsibleforprovidingchangeanddecontaminationfacili-ties,properprotectiveclothing,andpropermixingequipmentandrespi-ratorprotectionforemployeeswhohandleminimalexposurepesticides.

112 • MINIMAL EXPOSURE PESTICIDES

Change Area. Forallemployeeswhohandleminimalexposurepesticidesforanyperiodoftime,regardlessofthetoxicitycategoryoftheproductbeingused,employersmustprovideanareawheretheycanchangeclothesandwashthemselvesatthelocationwheretheycompletetheirworkday.Employersmustpro-videcleantowels,soap,andadequatewaterforthoroughwashing,andtheymustinstructtheiremployeestoshowerthoroughlywithwarmwaterandsoapassoonaspossibleaftertheendofeachworkshift.Employersmustalsoprovideaclean,pesticide-freeplaceforemployeestostoreanyoftheirpersonalclothingthatisnotinusewhiletheyareatworkhandlingminimalexposurepesticides.

Decontamination Facilities.Em-ployersmustprovidedecontamina-tionfacilitiesatlocationswheremini-malexposurepesticidesaremixedorloaded,regardlessofthetoxicitycategoryoftheproductbeingused.Employersmustensurethatemploy-eeshavesufficientwater,soap,andsingle-usetowelsforroutinewashingoftheirhandsandfaceandforemer-gencyeyeflushingandwashingoftheentirebody.Thequalityandtem-peratureofthewatermustnotcauseillnessorinjurywhenitcomesintocontactwithemployees’skinoreyes,orifitisswallowed.Thiswatermustbestoredseparatelyfromwaterusedformixingwithpesticides,unlessthetankholdingthewaterformixing

MINIMAL EXPOSURE PESTICIDES • 113

withpesticidesisequippedwithap-propriatevalvestopreventbackflowofpesticidesintothetank.

Work Coveralls.Employersmustensurethatemployeeswhohandleminimalexposurepesticidesareprovidedwith,andwear,coveralls.Thisistrueregardlessofthetoxicitycategoryoftheproduct.Employersmustassurethat:• Employeesstarteachworkday

wearingcleancoveralls• Theykeepatleastonechangeof

cleancoverallsavailableatthemixingandloadingsite

• Employeeschangeoutoftheircoverallsandwashthemselvesattheendoftheirworkday

• Employeesdonottakehomepo-tentiallycontaminatedcoverallstheyremoveattheworksiteoratheadquarters,and

• Employeeswhoseworkdaydoesnotrequirethemtoreturntotheiremployer’sheadquartersmustremoveandstoretheircon-taminatedcoverallsinasealablecontaineroutsideoftheirownliv-ingquartersandreturnthemlatertotheiremployer.

Inadditions,employersmustprovideforthelaunderingofcover-alls.Theymustinformthepersonorfirmdoingthelaundrythattheywillreceivepesticide-contaminatedcloth-ingandthatitshouldbelaunderedseparately.

Full-Body Chemical-Resistant Protective Clothing.Employersmustprovide,andensurethatemployeeswear,full-bodychemical-resistantprotectiveclothingwhenemployeeshandleminimalexposurepesticides.Thisclothingmustcoverthetorso,head,arms,hands,legs,andfeetoftheemployee.Employeesworkinginthefollowingsituationsarenotrequiredtowearfull-body

chemical-resistantprotectivecloth-ing,butthisclothingmustbeim-mediatelyavailableforuseinanemergencyfor:• Employeesusingaclosedsystem

orsealedwater-solublepack-etswhilemixing,loading,ortransferringminimalexposurepesticides.Theseemployeesmustinsteadwearachemical-resistantapron,chemical-resistantgloves,andchemical-resistantboots

• Employeesworkingasapplicatorsorflaggersinenclosedvehicles

• Applicatorsusingvehicle-mount-edortowedequipmenttoinjectorincorporateminimalexposurepesticidesintothesoil,and

• Applicatorsusingequipmentwithvehicle-mountedspraynozzlesthataredirecteddownwardandlocatedbelowtheleveloftheemployee.

Closed Systems.Employersmustprovideandensuretheuseofaclosedsystemforallemployeeswhomix,load,ortransferliquidformulationsofminimalexposurepesticides,orwholoaddilutedliquidmixturesde-rivedfromdryformulationsofmini-malexposurepesticides,regardlessoftheirtoxicitycategory.Closedsystemsarenotrequiredforemployeeswhohandleatotalofonegallonorlessofminimalexposurepesticidesperdayexclusivelyinoriginalcontainersofonegallonorless.

Respiratory Protection.Employersmustprovide,andrequireemployeestowear,respiratoryprotectionwhentheyengagein:• Handapplicationorground

applicationofminimalexposurepesticides

• Flaggingduringanapplicationofaminimalexposurepesti-cide,exceptflaggersinenclosedvehicles,or

• Mixingandloadingdryformu-lationsofminimalexposurepesticides,exceptwhenmixersorloadersusesealedwater-solublepackets.

Thefollowingemployeesareex-emptfromthisrespiratoryprotectionrequirement:• Applicatorsusingvehicle-mount-

edortowedequipmenttoinjectorincorporateminimalexposurepesticidesintothesoil,and

114 • MINIMAL EXPOSURE PESTICIDES

• Applicatorsusingequipmentwithvehicle-mountedspraynozzlesthataredirecteddown-wardandlocatedbelowtheleveloftheemployee.

Therespiratoryequipmentemploy-ersprovidetotheiremployeesmustmeettherequirementsinDPRregula-tions.Employersmustensurethatallprotectiveclothingandequipmentiscleanedinsideandoutordiscardedattheendofeachday’suse.

1. A minimal exposure pesticide is a pesticide❏ A.Thatcanbehandledbyanyonewith

thepotentialforlittleornoexposure.❏ B.Withlabelinginstructionsthatdonot

mitigatespecifichazards.❏ C.Withlabelinginstructionsthatmitigate

specifichazards.❏ D.Thatwillnotcausesignificanthumanhealth

orenvironmentalinjury.

2. All employees who handle minimal expo-sure pesticides must have available to them❏ A.Afullfacecartridgerespirator.❏ B.Adesignatedlocationinthepesticidestorage

areatokeeptheirpersonalclothing.❏ C.Speciallydesignedapplicationequipment

thatincludesapesticide-approvedenclosedcab.

❏ D.Anareawheretheycanchangeclothesandwashthemselvesattheendoftheirworkday.

3. For minimal exposure pesticides bearing the signal word CAUTION, employers❏ A.Donotneedtoprovidedecontamination

facilitiesatthemixingandloadingarea.❏ B.Mustprovidedecontaminationfacilities

atthemixingandloadingarea.❏ C.Mustprovidedecontaminationfacilitieswithin

1/4mileofthemixingandloadingarea.❏ D.Mustprovidedecontaminationfacilities

within1mileofthemixingandloadingarea.

4. Respiratory protection is not required if an employee is❏ A.Flaggingduringanapplicationofaminimal

exposurepesticide.❏ B.Applyingminimalexposurepesticideswith

ahand-heldspraywand.❏ C.Mixingandloadingdryformulationsof

aminimalexposurepesticide.❏ D.Usingequipmentwithvehicle-mountedspray

nozzlesthataredirecteddownwardandlocatedbelowtheleveloftheemployee.


Introduction1. B2. C3. D4. A

Chapter 1 1. C2. B3. B4. C5. D6. A7. D8. D9. A

10. B

Chapter 2 1. B2. D3. D4. C5. A6. D7. B8. D

Chapter 31. C2. B3. B4. D5. D6. A7. C8. B9. A

10. A11. C12. B13. C

REVIEW QUESTION ANSWERS • 115

ANSWER SHEET FOR REVIEW QUESTIONS

Chapter 4 1. A2. C3. B4. C5. D6. C7. A8. D9. C

Chapter 5 1. B2. B3. C4. A5. B6. A7. D8. C9. A

10. B11. D12. D13. B14. B15. D

Chapter 6 1. C2. D3. A4. B5. C6. D7. B8. C9. D

10. C11. D12. D13. B14. A

Chapter 7 1. D2. C3. C4. A

Chapter 8 1. D2. C3. D4. B

Chapter 9 1. C2. D3. B4. D5. C6. C7. D8. C

Chapter 10 1. B2. D3. B4. D

Glossary

agricultural commodity.anunpro-cessedproductoffarms,ranches,nurseries,andforests,exceptlive-stock,poultry,andfish.Agriculturalcommoditiesinclude:• fruitsandvegetables• grains,suchaswheat,barley,

oats,rye,triticale,rice,corn,andsorghum

• legumes,suchasfieldbeansandpeas

• animalfeedandforagecrops• rangelandandpasture• seedcrops• fibercrops,suchascotton

andflax• oilcrops,suchassafflower,

sunflower,corn,andcottonseed• treesgrownforlumber

andwoodproducts• nurserystockgrown

commercially• Christmastrees• ornamentalsandcutflowers,and• turfgrowncommerciallyforsod.

Agricultural Pest Control Adviser.Apersonwhooffersarecommen-dationonanyagriculturaluse,whoholdshimselforherselfasanauthorityonanyagriculturaluse,orwhosolicitsservicesorsalesforanyagriculturaluse.

agricultural use.theuseofanypesticideormethodordeviceforthecontrolofplantoranimalpests,

oranyotherpests,ortheuseofanypesticidefortheregulationofplantgrowthordefoliationofplants.Thistermexcludesthesaleoruseofpesticidesinproperlylabeledpackagesorcontainersthatareintendedforanyofthefollowing:• homeuse• usebystructuralpestcontrol

operators• industrialorinstitutionaluse• useunderaveterinarian’s

prescription(animalpestsonly),and

• usesbycertainlocaldistrictsoragenciesthatoperateunderacooperativeagreementwiththeCaliforniaDepartmentofPublicHealth,asisthecasewithmanymosquitoabatementdistricts.

“Agriculturaluse”includes,butisnotlimitedto,commercialproductionofanimalsorplants,forests,parks,golfcourses,cem-eteries,roadsides,rights-of-way,andnurseries.Schoolyardsarenotincludedwithinthedefinitionofagriculturaluse.

apiary.includesbees,combs,hives,appliances,orcolonies,wherevertheyarekept,located,orfound.

applied to the soil or applied to the ground.meansthelabelof

apesticideproductincludesterminologysuchas:• soilfumigant• soilapplied• soiltreatmentproduct• canbeusedasasoildrench• applicationtosoil• injectintothesoil• incorporateintopxinchesof

soil;pre-plantincorporation• useonsoilforcontrolofsoil

bornediseases• surfaceapplication;bandtreat-

ment,surfaceblend• sidedressingboth/onesideof

rowandcultivateintosoil• shouldbemixeduniformlyinto

topxinchesofsoil• pre-emergenttotheweed• broadcasttothesoil,and• applyinseedfurrow

assure or ensure.totakeallreason-ablemeasuressothatthebehav-ior,activity,oreventinquestionoccurs.Whenthebehavior,activi-ty,oreventinquestioninvolvesorconcernsanemployee,reasonablemeasuresbyanemployerincludedeterminingthattheemployeehastheknowledgetocomply;provid-ingthemeanstocomply;supervis-ingtheworkactivity;andhavingandenforcingawrittenworkplacedisciplinaryactionpolicycoveringtheemployer’srequirements,aswellasothermeasuresrequiredbypesticidelaworregulation.

authorized representative. apersondesignatedinwritingbytheopera-torofthepropertytorepresenttheoperatorofthepropertyinobtain-ingarestrictedmaterialspermit.

back flow.theprocessthatallowspesticide-contaminatedwatermovingintoawellorotherwatersourcefromthemix/load,ap-plication,orothersimilarequip-mentsuchasanursetank.Backflowispreventedbyusingonthe

equipmentlistedaboveanairgap,checkvalve,orothermeansofpreventingmovementofpesticide-contaminatedwaterintoawellorotherwatersource.

bees.honey-producinginsectsofthegenusApis.Thetermincludesalllifestagesoftheseinsects.

branch location.anylocation,otherthantheprincipalplaceofbusi-ness,operatedbyapesticidedealeroragriculturalpestcontrolbusi-nesstocarryoutlicensedactivitiesinCalifornia.

carbamate pesticide.apesticidecontainingestersofN-methylcarbamicacid,whichinhibitcho-linesterase.

Certified Commercial Applicator.apersonholdingavalid• qualifiedapplicatorlicenseor

qualifiedapplicatorcertificateissuedbyDPR

• journeymanpestcontrolaircraftpilot’scertificateissuedbyDPR

• vectorcontroltechniciancertifi-cateissuedbytheVectorBiologyandControlSectionoftheDepartmentofPublicHealth,and

• structuralpestcontroloperatororfieldrepresentativelicenseissuedbytheStructuralPestControlBoard.

Certified Private Applicator.apersonholdingavalidprivateapplicatorcertificateissuedbytheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerorbyDPRinanycountywherethereisnoCountyAgriculturalCommis-sioner.

chemical-resistant or waterproof material.amaterialthatallowsnomeasurablemovementofthepesticidethroughitduringuse.Whenaparticularmaterialisspecifiedonthepesticideproduct

118 • GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY • 119

label,personalprotectiveequip-mentconstructedofthatmaterialmustbeused.

cholinesterase.anessentialenzymefoundinhumanbeingsthatdeactivatesthechemicalacetylcholinethatisresponsiblefortransmittingnerveimpulsesbetweennervesandbetweennervesandmuscles.Withoutpropercholinesteraseactivity,whichallowsthenervesignalstostopattheappropriatetime,nervesandmusclesdonotfunctionproperly.

cholinesterase determination.abloodtestthatdeterminesthelevelofactivecholinesteraseinthebody.

closed system.equipmentforremov-ingapesticidefromitsoriginalcontainer,rinsingtheemptiedcontainer,andtransferringthepesticideproduct,mixtures,dilutions,andrinsesolutionsthroughconnectinghoses,pipes,andcouplingsthataresufficientlytighttopreventexposureofanypersontothepesticideorrinsesolution.Rinsingisnotrequiredwhenthepesticideisusedwithoutdilution.Thesystem’sdesignandconstructionmustmeetDPRclosedsystemcriteria.

commercial applicator.apersonwhouses,orsupervisestheuseof,apesticideforanypurposeoronanypropertyotherthanasprovidedbythedefinitionofprivateapplicator.

conflict with the label.anydeviationfrominstructions,requirements,orprohibitionsoftheregisteredlabelconcerningstorage,handling,oruseexcept• adecreaseindosagerateper

unittreated• adecreaseintheconcentration

ofthemixtureapplied

• applicationatafrequencylessthanspecified

• usetocontrolatargetpestnotlistedonthelabel,providedtheapplicationistoacommodity/sitelistedonthelabelandtheuseoftheproductagainstanunnamedpestisnotexpresslyprohibited

• employingamethodofapplica-tionnotprohibited,providedotherlabeldirectionsarefollowed

• mixingwithanotherpesticideorwithafertilizer,unlesssuchmixtureisprohibited,and

• anincreaseintheconcentrationofthemixtureapplied,provideditcorrespondswiththecurrentpublishedrecommendationsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.

continuous monitoring.themea-surementoftheairconcentra-tionofaspecificpesticideonanuninterrupted,real-timebasisbyinstrumentalmethods.

coverall.aone-ortwo-piecegar-mentofclosely-wovenfabricorequivalentthatcoverstheentirebody,exceptthehead,hands,andfeet,andmustbeprovidedbytheemployeraspersonalprotectiveequipment.Coveralldiffersfrom,andshouldnotbeconfusedwith,workclothingthatcanberequiredtobeprovidedbytheemployee.

display.tomakeinformationavail-abletotheemployeesothatheorshemayreadilyseeandreadthedocument,duringnormalbusinesshours,withouthavingtomakeaspecificrequestofanyperson.Anemployeeshallnotbehinderedorimpededfromexaminingdocu-mentsrequiredtobedisplayed.Thisdefinitiondoesnotprecludeusingabinderorfilingcabinet,thatotherwisemeetsthesecriteria,tocontaindocumentsfordisplay.

early entry.entryintoatreatedfieldorotherareaafterthepesticideapplicationiscomplete,butbeforetherestricted-entryintervalorotherrestrictionsonentryforthatpesticidehaveexpired.

employee.anypersonwho,foranykindofcompensation,performswork,services,oractivitiescoveredbypesticidelawsandregulations.

employer.anypersonwhoexercisesprimarydirectionandcontroloverthework,services,oractivitiesofanemployee.Aforeman,crewleader,supervisor,orsimilarlysituatedpersonrepresentstheemployerwhenhiringanemploy-eeorwhenexercising,orhavingresponsibilityforexercising,theprimarydirectionandcontrol,butisnotconsideredtheemployerhimselforherself.

enclosed cab. achemical-resistantbarriercompletelysurroundingtheoccupant(s)ofthecabthatpreventscontactwithpesticidesortreatedsurfacesoutsidethecabandmeetsthoseportionsoftherequirementsinAmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineersStandardS-525(Rev.11/97)thatpertaintodermalprotection.

enclosed cab acceptable for respira-tory protection.anenclosedcabthatincorporatesadust/mist-filteringand/oravapor-orgas-removingairpurificationsystem,asappropriatefortheexposuresituation.EnclosedcabscertifiedbythemanufacturerasmeetingAmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineersStandardS-525(Rev.11/97)areacceptableunderthisdefinition.DPRmay,uponrequest,approveotherenclosedcabsasacceptableunderthisdefinition.

examination.writtenexamination.

feasible.capableofbeingaccom-plishedinasuccessfulmanner,withinareasonableperiodoftime,takingintoaccounteconomic,environmental,social,andtechnologicalfactors.

feasible alternatives.otherchemicalornon-chemicalproceduresthatcanreasonablyaccomplishthesamepestcontrolfunctionwithcomparableeffectivenessandreliability,takingintoaccounteconomic,environmental,social,andtechnologicalfactorsandtimelinessofcontrol.

feasible mitigation measure.acon-ditionattachedtotheapprovalofanactivitythat,ifimplemented,wouldsubstantiallyreduceanyadverseimpact,takingintoaccounteconomic,environmental,social,andtechnologicalfactorsandtimelinessofcontrol.

field.anyareaincludingagreen-house,nursery,forest,andforestnurseryuponwhichoneormoreagriculturalplantcommoditiesaregrownforcommercialorresearchproduction.Fielddoesnotincluderangeorpasturegrazedbyanimals.

field worker.anypersonwho,foranykindofcompensation,performsculturalactivitiesinafield.Fieldworkerdoesnotincludepeopleperformingtasksasacropadvisor,includingfieldcheckingorscouting,makingobservationsofthewell-beingoftheplants,ortakingsamples,nordoesitincludelocal,state,orfederalofficialsperforminginspection,sampling,orothersimilarofficialduties.

FIFRA.thisistheacronymforthe“FederalInsecticide,Fungicide,andRodenticideAct,”thefederallawgoverningtheregistration,

120 • GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY • 121

sale,possession,anduseofpesticides.

food.anyarticlethatisusedforfoodordrinkforhumanoranyotheranimal,orforacomponentofanysucharticle.

greenhouse.astructureorspace,ofsufficientsizetopermitentry,thatisenclosedwithanonporouscoveringandusedinthecommer-cialorresearchproductionofanagriculturalplantcommodity.Thetermincludespolyhouses,mushroomhouses,rhubarbhouses,andsimilarstructures.

ground application equipment. equipmentsuchas:• handsprayers• backpacksprayers• air-blastsprayers• fieldsoilinjectionequipment• dusters• drills• granularapplicators,and• ground-rigsprayers.

hand labor.anyculturalactivity,performedbyhandorwithhandtools,thatcausessubstantialcontactwithsurfaces(suchasplantsorsoil)thatmayhavepesticideresidues.Theseactivitiesincludehandharvesting,detasseling,thinning,handweeding,topping,planting,suckerremoval,pruning,disbudding,roguing,andpack-ingproduceintocontainersinthefield.Handlabordoesnotincludeoperating,moving,orrepairingirrigationequipmentorperformingthedutiesofacropadvisor,fieldchecker,orscout,makingobservationsofthewellbeingoftheplants,ortakingsamples.

handle.includes:• mixing,loading,transferring,

orapplyingapesticidebyany

methodincludingthroughanirrigationsystem

• assistingwiththeapplicationofanypesticide,includingflagging

• maintaining,servicing,repair-ing,cleaning,orotherwisehandlingequipmentusedintheseactivitiesthatmaycontainresidues

• workingwithopenedpesticidecontainers,includingemptiedbutnotrinsed

• adjusting,repairing,orremov-ingtreatmentsitecoverings

• incorporatingpesticidesintothesoil,includingmechanicalorwatered-in

• enteringatreatedareaduringanyapplicationorbeforetheinhalationexposurelevellistedonthepesticideproductlabelhasbeenreachedorgreen-houseventilationcriteriahavebeenmet,and

• performingthedutiesofacropadvisor,includingfieldcheckingorscouting,makingobservationsofthewell-beingoftheplants,ortakingsamplesduringanapplicationoranyrestricted-entryintervallistedonthepesticideproductlabel.

Handledoesnotincludeofficialdutiesperformedbylocal,state,orfederalofficials,includinginspection,sampling,orothersimilarofficialduties.

home use.useinahouseholdoritsimmediateenvironment.

industrial use.usefororinamanu-facturing,mining,orchemicalprocess;oruseintheoperationoffactories,processingplants,andsimilarsites.

institutional use.usewithintheconfinesof,oronpropertyneces-saryfortheoperationof,build-ingssuchashospitals,schools,

libraries,auditoriums,andofficecomplexes.

laws. statutespassedbytheCalifor-niaLegislatureandsignedbytheGovernor.Pesticideandpestcon-trollawsarefoundintheCalifor-niaFoodandAgriculturalCode.

LC50.thelethalconcentrationofactiveingredientinairorwaterthatwillkill50%ofthetestanimals.LC50isusuallyexpressedinmicrograms(1/1,000,000g)perliterofairorwater(mg/1).LC50isusedtomeasureacuteinhalationtoxicity.

LD50.thelethalconcentrationofactiveingredientthatwillkill50%ofalargepopulationoftestanimals.LD50isusuallyexpressedasthemilligrams(mg)ofpesticideperkilogram(kg)ofbodyweightoftestanimals.LD50isusedtomeasureoraltoxicityandacutedermaltoxicity.

limited contact. whenperformingnecessaryandunforeseentaskssuchasirrigationinapesticide-treatedarea,andcontactingfoliageorotherplantpartsorothersur-facesorobjectsthatcontainpesti-cideresidues,exposureisminimalandlimitedtothefeet,legsbelowtheknees,hands,andarmsbelowtheelbows.

medical supervision.occupationalhealthguidanceandnecessaryassociatedhealthevaluationbyaphysicianlicensedtopracticemedicine.

mill assessment.anassessment,describedintheCaliforniaFoodandAgriculturalCode,oneachdollar’sworthofpesticidessoldinCalifornia.Theassessmentpartiallyfundsthestate’spesticideregulatoryprogram.

mitigation measure.acondition

attachedtotheapprovalofanactivitywhich,ifimplemented,wouldsubstantiallyreduceanyadverseimpact,takingintoaccounteconomic,environmental,social,andtechnologicalfactorsandtimelinessofcontrol.

notice of intent.anoralorwrittennotificationtotheCountyAgriculturalCommissionerpriortotheuseofapesticidepursuanttoapermit.

nuisance.anylotofproducethatisfoundtocarrypesticideresidueinexcessofanymaximum,orinexcessofapermissibletolerance,togetherwithitscontainers,isapublicnuisance.

nursery. anyoperationengagedintheoutdoorcommercialorresearchproductionofcutflowersoror-namentalcutgreensoranyplantsthatwillbeusedintheirentiretyinanotherlocation.

operator of the property.apersonwhoownsthepropertyorislegallyentitledtopossessionofproperty,throughalease,rentalagreement,trust,orothermanage-mentarrangement.

organophosphate pesticide.apesti-cidecontainingorganophospho-rusesters,whichinhibitcholines-terase.

parts per million (ppm). thenumberofpartsoftoxicantpermillionpartsofthesubjectinquestion.Theymayincluderesiduesinsoil,water,air,fruitsandvegetables,andwholeanimals.

permissible exposure limit (PEL).Thepermittedmaximumexposuretoanairbornecontaminantinan8-hourworkday.

person.anindividual,partnership,association,corporation,businessentity,ororganizedgroupof

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GLOSSARY • 123

persons,whetherincorporatedornot.

personal protective equipment (PPE).apparelanddevicesworntominimizehumanbodycontactwithpesticidesorpesticideresiduesthatmustbeprovidedbyanemployerandareseparatefrom,orinadditionto,workclothing.PPEmayincludechemical-resistantsuits,chemical-resistantgloves,chemical-resistantfootwear,respiratoryprotectiondevices,chemical-resistantaprons,chemical-resistantheadgear,pro-tectiveeyewear,oracoverall(one-ortwo-piecegarment).

pest control business.anypersonwhoadvertises,solicits,oroperatesasapestcontrolbusiness.Theactivitiesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:• groundandaerialapplications• farmmanagementcompanies

whentheirservicesincludepestcontrol,and

• packinghouses,shippers,storagefacilities,householdorindustrialsanitationservices.

ThereshallbeatleastonepersoninasupervisorypositionwhoholdsaQALateachprincipalandbranchlocation.

maintenance gardener pest control business.anypersonwhoperformspestcontrolforhireincidentaltohisorherbusinessofmaintenancegardening.Theincidentalpestcontrolislimitedtoornamentalandturfplantingsindoors,incommercialparks,orsurroundingstructures.

pest control dealer.anyperson,in-cludinganymanufacturer,distribu-tor,orretailer,whoengagesinanyofthefollowingbusinessactivities:• sellingpesticidestousersfor

anagriculturaluse

• sellingtousersanymethodordeviceforthecontrolofagricul-turalpests,suchasbiologicalagents,lures,orinsect-trappingdevices

• solicitingsalesofpesticidesbymakingagriculturaluserecom-mendationsthroughfieldrepre-sentatives,orotheragents,and

• sellingtoauserapesticideclassifiedasarestrictedmaterialthatrequireseitherapermitforpossessionanduseorthatmaybeusedonlybyorunderthedirectsupervisionofacertifiedapplicator.

pest management guides.guidespreparedbyDPRandtheUniver-sityofCaliforniathatincludepestmanagementinformationonspecificcropsandthathavebeenadoptedasastandardbythedirector.

pesticide.asdefinedandregulatedintheFoodandAgriculturalCode,any• substanceormixtureofsub-

stances,includingtheirmixturesanddilutionsconsideredtobeapesticideand

• anyothersubstanceorproductthatapersonusesforthepur-posesintendedforapesticide

pesticide broker. anypersoninoroutsideofCaliforniaengagedinthesaleordistributionofanypesticideproductsinCalifornia.Apesticidebrokerlicensemustbeissuedforeachprincipalandbranchlocation.Thislicensedoesnotapplytopeoplewhosellagriculturaluse,restricteduseorrestrictedmaterialpesticidestotheenduser.Thesaleofagriculturaluse,restricteduseandrestrictedmaterialpesticidestotheenduserrequiresthesellertoobtainapestcontroldealerlicense.

pesticide residue. theremnantofapesticideordegradationproductthatcanbefoundonorinacroporcommodityafteranapplica-tion,orfromotherexposuretothepesticidechemical.Residuesareusuallyexpressedinpartspermillion(ppm)orinpartsperbillion(ppb)onaweightbasis.

Pesticide Safety Information Series (PSIS).aseriesofleafletsproducedbyDPRthatsummarizehealthandsafetyaspectsofvariouspesticidesandgroupsofpesticides.

pre-harvest interval.aperiodoftimeafteranapplicationofapesticidetoacrop,duringwhichharvestisprohibitedsothecropwillmeettheestablishedpesticideresiduetolerance.

principal location.anylocationdesignatedastheprincipallocationbytheapplicantforapesticidedealeroragriculturalpestcontrolbusinesstocarryoutlicensedactivitiesinCalifornia.

private applicator.(a)apersonwhousesorsupervisestheuseofapesticideforthepurposeofpro-ducinganagriculturalcommodityonpropertyowned,leased,orrentedbyhimorher,orhisorheremployer;or(b)ahouseholderwhousesorsupervisestheuseofapesticideoutsidetheconfinesofaresidentialdwelling,forthepur-poseofcontrollingornamental,plant,orturfpestsonresidentialpropertyowned,leased,orrentedbythathouseholder.

producing an agricultural commod-ity.thegrowingofacrop,includ-ingharvesting,uptothepointwherefurtherpesticideapplicationswouldbeconsideredindustrialuse,suchaspackinghouseapplicationsorfumigationsatthepacker/shipperfacility.

protective clothing.clothingthatminimizeshumanbodycontactwithapesticideandisseparatefromorinadditiontonormalwearingapparel.Protectivecloth-ingmayincludeworkclothing,chemicalresistantboots,gloves,ahat,andachemical-resistantapron.

Qualified Applicator Certificate holder.apersonwhohasquali-fiedbyexaminationinoneormorepestcontrolcategoriestouseandsupervisetheuseofrestrictedmaterials.However,suchqualifica-tionshallnotentitletheholdertosupervisetheoperationsofapestcontrolbusinesslicensedpursuanttosection11701oftheCaliforniaFoodandAgriculturalCode,ex-ceptasprovidedinsection11704.

Qualified Applicator License holder.apersonwhohasqualifiedbyexaminationinoneormorepestcontrolcategoriestouseandsupervisetheuseofrestrictedmaterials,andtosupervisethepestcontrolactivitiesofapestcontrolbusinesslicensedpursuanttosec-tions11701to11709,inclusive,oftheCaliforniaFoodandAgricul-turalCode,andwhoisresponsibleforsafeandlegaloperationsundersuchlicense.

recommendation. thegivingofanyinstructionoradviceonanyagriculturaluseastoanyparticularapplicationonanyparticularpieceofproperty.

registrant.apersonwhohasreg-isteredapesticidebyobtainingacertificateofregistrationfromDPR.

regularly handle.iswhenanem-ployeeishandlingpesticidesdur-inganypartofthedayformorethansixcalendardaysinany30consecutivedayqualifyingperiod

124 • GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY • 125

beginningonthefirstdayofhandling.Anydayspentmixingorloadingpesticideswhileexclusive-lyusingaclosedsystemormixingonlypesticidessealedinwater-solublepacketsisnotincludedforanyemployeewhohasabaselinebloodcholinesteraselevelestab-lishedpursuanttorequirementsin3CCR.

regulations.adoptedbyDPRafterapubliccommentperiodandahearing,approvalbytheOfficeofAdministrativeLaw,andfiledwiththeSecretaryofState.Regulationsaredesignedtointerpretandcarryoutthepurposesofalaw,andarefoundinTitle3,CaliforniaCodeofRegulations.CountyAgriculturalCommissionersmayadoptregula-tionsgoverninglocalpestcontroloperations.Thesecountyregula-tionsmustbeapprovedbyDPRbeforetheybecomeeffective.

restricted-entry interval (REI).Theperiodoftimeafterafieldistreat-edwithapesticideduringwhichrestrictionsonentryareineffecttoprotectpeoplefrompotentialexposuretohazardouslevelsofresidues.Arestricted-entryintervalmaybefoundonpesticideproductlabelsorinregulation.

Section 3.asectionofthelawinFIFRAgoverningtheregistrationofpesticides.

Section 18.asectionoflawinFIFRAthatallowsemergencyexemptionregistrations.Pesticidesregisteredundersection18areconsideredtobearestrictedmaterial.

Section 24.asectionoflawinFIFRAthatallowsstatescertainlimitedauthoritieswhenregisteringpesticidesthatholdafederalregistration.

service container.anycontainerother

thantheoriginallabeledpesticidecontainerthatisusedtohold,store,ortransportpesticides.

site specific.apesticidepermitthatidentifiesthespecificareatobetreated,thesizeofthatarea,andthecommodityorcommoditiesorsite(s)onthatareatobetreated.

solicits services or sales.inaccor-dancewiththeCaliforniaFoodandAgriculturalCode,meanssells,oroffersforsale,anypesti-cide,method,ordeviceoutsideofafixedplaceofbusiness.

spray adjuvant.anysubstance,withorwithouttoxicpropertiesofitsown,thatisintendedtobeaddedtoapesticideduringmixingasanaidtotheapplicationortoeffecttheactionofthepesticide.Thesesubstancesincludeany:• wettingagent• spreadingagent• depositbuilder• adhesive• emulsifyingagent• deflocculatingagent• watermodifier,and• anyothersimilaragent.

structural use.apesticideuseonorinastructurethatrequiresalicenseunderChapter14(commencingwithsection8500),Division3oftheBusinessandProfessionsCode.

substantial drift.whenthequantityofpesticideoutsideoftheareatreatedisgreaterthanthatwhichwouldhaveresultedhadtheappli-catorusedduecare.ThisdefinitionisinaccordancewiththeCalifor-niaFoodandAgriculturalCodeandTitle3,CaliforniaCodeofRegulations.

time-specific.apesticidepermitthatspecifiesthedatetheintendedapplicationistocommenceorapermitwithanoticeofintent

requirement.Thepesticideusemaycommencewithinfourdaysfollowingsuchdateifdelaysarecausedbyuncontrollablecondi-tionssuchasadverseweatherorunavailabilityofequipment.Thecommissionershallrequireanoticeofintentfromeitherthegrower,thegrower’sauthorizedrepresentative,orthepestcontrolbusinesswhennecessarytomakethepermittime-andsite-specific.

tolerance.theestablishedamountofapesticideinpartspermillionorpartsperbillion,thatmaylegallyremaininoronanyfoodorcropiftheyaretobeconsumedbypeopleorlivestock.TolerancesareestablishedbytheU.S.Environ-mentalProtectionAgency.

treated field.afieldthathasbeentreatedwithapesticideorhadarestricted-entryintervalineffectwithinthelast30days.Atreatedfieldincludesassociatedroads,paths,ditches,borders,andheadlands,ifthepesticidewasalsodirectedtothoseareas.Atreatedfielddoesnotincludeareasinadvertentlycontaminatedbydriftorover-spray.

use.anypesticideactivityorrelatedactivityincluding:• pre-applicationactivities,

suchas:o arrangingforthe

applicationo mixingorloading,

ando makingnecessaryprepara-

tionsfortheapplication,includingresponsibilitiesrelatedtonotification,handlertraining,deconta-minationfacilities,useandcareofpersonalprotectiveequipment,medicalmonitor-ingandassistance,andheatstressmanagement

• applicationofthepesticide,and• post-applicationactivities,

suchas:o controlofthetreatedareato

reduceexposure,includingresponsibilitiesforrestrictedentryintervals,warnings,decontaminationfacilities,medicalassistance,andfield-workertraining

o managementofthetreatedarea,crop,orcropby-prod-ucts,includingresponsibili-tiesforpre-harvestintervalsandplantbackrestrictions

o transportation,storage,anddisposalofexcesspesti-cides,spraymix,equipmentwashwater,andpesticidecontainers,and

o cleaningofapplicationequipmentandotherpesti-cidecontainingmaterials.

• usedoesnotinclude:o activitieswhereinvolvement

isonlyincidentaltoothertaskssuchasemergencyresponders

o providingincidentmanagement,commercialtransportationofpesticiderelatedwastefordisposalorrecycling,orawastedisposalorrecyclingfacilityacceptingorhandlingthesewastes,and

o manufacturing,formulating,orpackaging,includingbulkrepackagingbyaregisteredpesticideproducingestablishment.

use dilution.ausedilutionspeci-fiedonthelabelthatproducesthedesiredconcentrationofthepesticideforapplication.

work clothing.garmentssuchaslong-sleevedshirts,short-sleevedshirts,longpants,shortpants,shoes,andsocks.Workclothingisnotconsideredpersonal

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GLOSSARY • 127

protectiveequipment,althoughpesticideproductlabelsorregula-tionsmayrequirespecificworkclothingduringsomeactivities.Workclothingdiffersfromandshouldnotbeconfusedwithacoverall.Whilecoverallsmustbeprovidedbytheemployer,workclothingcanberequiredtobeprovidedbytheemployee.Short-sleevedshirtsandshortpants

areconsideredacceptableworkclothingonlyunderconditionsexpresslypermittedbypesticideproductlabels.

work place.theidentityoftheworkarea,e.g.,thebusinessoperationoremployer’sheadquarters.

work site.thelocationoftheworkactivity,e.g.,themixingandload-ingsite,thefield,etc.

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