ivane javaxiSvili da uwmidesi patriarqi ilia II saqarTvelos eklesiis ...
saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis …sangu.ge/images/vguruli/8avtk.pdftaxtis mpyrobelis,...
Transcript of saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis …sangu.ge/images/vguruli/8avtk.pdftaxtis mpyrobelis,...
3
vaxtang guruli
saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmeba
(1811-1814)
gamomcemloba `universali~
Tbilisi
2010
4
naSromSi gaSuqebulia saqarTvelos samociqulo marTlmadi-
debeli eklesiis istoriis erTi metad tragikuli periodi _ ru-
seTis saimperatoro karis brZola saqarTvelos eklesiis
TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis) gauqmebisaTvis. gamokvlevis
pirveli nawili eZRvneba mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqos, xolo
meore _ lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos gauqmebis
istorias.
redaqtori profesori
avTandil wowkolauri
5
winasityva
1811 wlis 21 ivniss ruseTis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
uwmidesma sinodma imperator aleqsandre I-s warudgina
`uqveSemrdomilesi moxseneba~. sinodi imperators mcxeTis uZve-
lesi sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi samociqulo
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)
gauqmebis aucileblobasa da kanonierebas usabuTebda. qarTl-
kaxeTis yofili samefos teritoriaze arsebuli 13 eparqia or
eparqiad erTiandeboda da uwmidesi sinodis iurisdiqciaSi Se-
dioda. umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi amieridan kaTolikos-
patriarqis nacvlad unda yofiliyo `mcxeTisa da qarTlis
mitropoliti, ruseTis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~. saeklesio
krebis nacvlad, sasuliero saqmeebis marTva-gamgeobis mizniT,
unda Seqmniliyo sasuliero dikasteria.
1811 wlis 30 ivniss imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma daamtkica
uwmidesi sinodis moxseneba. 1810 wlis noemberSi, Tavisi nebis
sawinaaRmdegod, peterburgSi ga- wveuli kaTolikos-patriarqi
anton II samSobloSi veRar dabrunda, ruseTSive gardaicvala.
ruseTis saimperatoro karis politika, romlis mizani iyo
qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebis, qveynis okupaciisa da aneqsiis
Semdeg eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba, mravalmxrivaa
sayuradRebo. Gven SevecadeT ruseTisaTvis es samarcxvino
istoria ZiriTadad imperiis saxelmwifo organoebSi
(saqarTvelos mTavarsardlis, saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis,
ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis) saqmis warmoebis dros
Seqmnil dokumentebze dayrdnobiT gagveSuqebina. xsenebul ofi-
6
cialur dokumentebs imdenad didi mamxilebeli Zala aqvs, rom
vrcel komentars ar saWiroebs.
winamdebare naSromze muSaobisas GvenTvis upirveles wyaros
warmoadgenda `kavkasiis arqeografiuli komisiis aqtebSi~
dabeWdili dokumentebi da masalebi (Акты, собранные Кавказскою
Археографическою Коммиссиею. Под редакциею Ад. Берже. Том I. Тифлис,
1866; Том II. Тифлис, 1868; Том III. Тифлис, 1869; Том IV. Тифлис, 1870;
Том V. Тифлис, 1873). sadReisod esaa dokumentebisa da masalebis
yvelaze mniSvnelovani publikacia. istoriografiuli memkvid-
reobidan aRsaniSnavia episkopos kirionis (saZagliSvilis)
naSromi, romelic saqarTvelos eklesiisa da saegzarqosos
istorias eZRvneba (Епископ Кирион. Краткий очерк истории
Грузинской церкви и экзархата за XIX столетие. Тифлис, 1901). 1905 wels
peterburgSi rusul enaze gamoqveynda dekanoz v. Jmakinis
sayuradRebo naSromi, romelic bevr saintereso cnobas Seicavs
(Прот. В. Жмакин. Грузинский Католикос Антон II в России. _ Хрис-
тианское чтение. Ежемесячный журнал издаваемый при С.-Петербургской
Духовной Академии. 1905, част. I, Т. ССXIX). gansakuTrebuli
madlierebiT minda movixsenio mitropoliti anania jafariZe,
romelmac didi Rvawli dasdo GCvenTvis saintereso periodis
Seswavlas (mitropoliti anania jafariZe. saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebebi. wigni I. sakanonmdeblo krebebi XII-XX ss. Tbilisi, 2003;
mitropoliti anania jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis
istoria. Tbilisi, 2009). sagangebod unda aRvniSnoT profesor
eldar bubulaSvilis Rvawli, romlis naSromi `saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton meore” dRemde erTaderTi
monografiuli gamokvlevaa, romelic anton II-is moRvaweobas
7
eZRvneba (eldar bubulaSvili. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi
anton meore. Tbilisi, 2002).
8
Tavi I
mcxeTis sapatriarqos
TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis) gauqmeba
1. eklesiis sakiTxi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da
ruseTis imperiis urTierTobaSi
(1771-1800 ww.)
eklesiaTa urTierTobis sakiTxi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da
ruseTis imperias Soris georgievskis traqtatis (1783 w.) dadebis
wina xanebSi daisva. am periodisaTvis (XVIII saukunis 70-80-iani
wlebi) qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da ruseTis imperiaSi
gansxvavebuli saeklesio wyoba arsebobda. qarTl-kaxeTis
samefoSi umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi iyo uwmidesi da unetaresi,
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton I. anton I iyo mcxeTis uZvelesi sa-
patriarqo taxtis mpyrobeli, samociqulo marTlmadidebeli,
avtokefaluri eklesiis saWeTmpyrobeli. kaTolikos-patriarqTan
erTad eklesiis marTva-gamgeobaSi did rols asrulebda
saeklesio kreba, romelsac periodulad iwvevdnen
umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad.
sul sxvagvarad iyo mowyobili ruseTis eklesia. 1700 wlidan
ruseTs aRar hyolia umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi _ moskovisa da
sruliad ruseTis patriarqi. 1721 wlidan ruseTis eklesias
ganagebda uwmidesi sinodi. sinodis wevrebi sasuliero pirebi
(mitropolitebi, arqiepiskoposebi, episkoposebi) iyvnen, magram
sinodis ober-prokurori (Tavmjdomare) saero piri iyo. uwmidesi
sinodis wevrebsa da ober-prokurors imperatori niSnavda da
9
aTavisuflebda. uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors mniSvnelovani
funqcia ar hqonia dakisrebuli. igi sinodis sxdomebs
Tavmjdomareobda da miRebul gadawyvetilebas moaxsenebda
imperators. sinodis ober-prokuroris wardginebis Semdeg yvela
mniSvnelovan gadawyvetilebas imperatori iRebda da gamoscemda
Sesabamis brZanebas (gankargulebas). imperators SeeZlo, yurad ar
eRo sinodis gadawyvetileba. ruseTSi de faqto da de iure
imperatori iTavsebda umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqis funqcias.
saeklesio wyobaSi principuli gansxvaveba arTulebda
saeklesio sferoSi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da ruseTis imperiis
urTierTobas.
1771 wlis dekembris miwurulsa da 1772 wlis ianvris damdegs
erekle II-m SeimuSava is pirobebi, romlis mixedviTac qarTl-
kaxeTis samefo ruseTis imperiis mfar- velobaSi miRebas
iTxovda. 1771 wlis 30 dekembers erekle II-m xeli moawera
mfarvelobiTi xelSekrulebis proeqts. samefo xelisuflebis
`ucvaleblad~ SenarGunebasTan erTad mefe iTxovda: `msgavsadve
kaTolikozica wessave Tvissa egos mouSlelad~ (valerian
maWaraZe. georgievskis traqtati. Tbilisi, 1983, gv. 59).
1782 wlis bolosa da 1783 wlis damdegs ekaterine II-m azri
gamoTqva qarTl-kaxeTis samefosTan dasadebi mfarvelobiTi
xelSekrulebebis pirobebis Taobaze. eklesiebis urTierTobis
principebs ekaterine II ar Sexebia, magram am sakiTxs Seexo
imperatoris favoriti aleqsandre bezborodko. misi azriT,
qarTl-kaxeTis samefos eparqiebis mmarTveli ierarqebi unda da-
qvemdebarebodnen ruseTis eklesiis uwmides sinods, xolo kaTo-
likos-patriarqi unda gamxdariyo uwmidesi sinodis wevri
(valerian maWaraZe. georgievskis traqtati. Tbilisi, 1983, gv. 65).
10
georgievskis traqtatis (1783 wlis 24 ivlisi) merve muxlis
ZaliT kaTolikos-patriarqi anton I xdeboda ruseTis eklesiis
uwmidesi sinodis wevri da sinodSi ikavebda merve adgils
tobolskis arqiepiskoposis Semdeg (valerian maWaraZe.
georgievskis traqtati. Tbilisi, 1983, gv. 69). georgievskis
traqtatis merve muxli laxavda mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo
taxtis mpyrobelis, samociqulo avtokefaluri eklesiis saWeT-
mpyrobelis, kaTolikos-patriarqis anton I-is Rirsebas, kerZod,
ruseTis eklesiaSi da, cxadia, uwmides sinodSi, ar iyo anton I-is
rangis saeklesio ierarqi, aseTi ierarqi ruseTs 1770 wlidan
saerTod ar hyolia. sinodis wevroba anton I-Tvis niSnavda mis
wevrebTan (mitropolitebTan, arqiepiskoposebTan, episkoposebTan)
gaTanabrebas. ufro metic, sinodSi kaTolikos-patriarq anton I-
ze didi pativiT sargeblobda Svidi mRvdelmTavari (mitro-
politi, arqiepiskoposi, episkoposi).
georgievskis traqtati (1783 w.) ar auqmebda qarTl-kaxeTis
samefos, iseve rogorc traqtatis merve muxli ar auqmebda
mcxeTis sapatriarqo taxts da uZveles samociqulo eklesiis
TviTmwyemsobas (avtokefalias). ruseTis saimperatoro kari
iwyebda qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmebisaTvis gegmazomier moqmedebas (mitropoliti anania
jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. Tbilisi,
2009, gv. 1091). mcxeTis sapatriarqo taxtisa da avtokefaliis
gauqmebisaTvis xelsayreli pirobebi Seiqmna 1801 wels qarTl-
kaxeTis samefos gauqmebiTa da misi ruseTTan SeerTebiT (Епископ
Кирион. Краткий очерк истории Грузинской церкви и экзархата за XIX
столетие. Тифлис, 1901, стр. 18.).
11
2. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis momzadeba
(1801-1809 ww.)
1801 wlis 18 ianvars peterburgSi gamoqveynda imperator pavle
I-is manifesti qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebis da misi ruseTTan
SeerTebis Taobaze (manifestSi `qarTl-kaxeTis samefos~ nacvlad
vxvdebiT: `царство Грузинское~ da `Грузия~). manifestSi aRniSnuli
iyo, rom qarTl-kaxeTis samefo samudamod uerTdeboda ruseTis
imperias (Акты, собранные Кавказскою Археографическою Коммиссиею.
Том I. Тифлис, 1866, стр. 94). manifestSi araferi iyo naTqvami
kaTolikos-patriarqsa da eklesiaze.
manifestis gamoqveynebidan erTi Tvis Semdeg general-
leitenantma karl knoringma, imperator pavle I-is nebis Tanaxmad,
werili gaugzavna kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s. 1801 wlis
TebervlisaTvis karl knoringi Tanamdebobrivad qarTl-kaxeTTan
aranairad ar iyo dakavSirebuli. igi qarTl-kaxeTis general-
gubernatorad mxolod 1801 wlis 11 marts dainiSna. miuxedavad
amisa, rusi generali Tavs gauqmebuli qarTl-kaxeTis samefos, aw
ukve ruseTis imperiis guberniis, baton-patronad Tvlida.
karl knoringi anton II-s sTxovda epasuxa Semdeg kiTxvebze:
1. ramdeni eparqia iyo qarTl-kaxeTis samefoSi, vin iyvnen
eparqiis mmarTveli ierarqebi, romel sasuliero xelisufals
emorGilebodnen eparqiis mmarTveli ierarqebi da rogor
damokidebulebaSi iyvnen isini samefo xelisuflebasTan?
12
2. ramdeni mamaTa da dedaTa monasteri, sakaTedro taZari da
samrevlo eklesia iyo TiToeul eparqiaSi, ramdeni RvTismsaxuri
iyo eparqiaSi da saidan iRebdnen isini sarGos?
3. saeklesio ierarqebi rogor ganagebdnen monastrebsa da
eklesiebs; arsebobda Tu ara eparqiebSi raime organo: dikasteria,
sasuliero mmarTveloba da sxv., rogori iyo am organoebis
Semadgenloba; kancelariis moxeleebi sasuliero pirebi iyvnen
Tu saeroni, saidan iRebdnen isini sarCos?
4. sasuliero pirebis monawileobiT samoqalaqo saqmeebi sad
ixileboda: saeklesio Tu saero sasamarTloSi?
5. rogor xdeboda sasuliero wodebis miniWeba; sasuliero
pirs irGevda mrevli Tu mas sasuliero xelisufali niSnavda?
6. arsebobda Tu ara eparqiebSi sasuliero wodebisaTvis
saswavleblebi, ras aswavlidnen am saswavleblebSi da vis
xarjze arsebobdnen isini?
7. zemoxsenebulis garda, qarTveli samRvdeloebis mdgo-
mareobis gaumjobesebisaTvis kidev raimes garkveva xom ar iyo
aucilebeli? (Акты, I, стр. 529; eldar bubulaSvili. saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II. Tbilisi, 2002, gv. 16-17).
general-leitenant karl knoringis werilSi yoveli kiTxva
naTlad da gasagebad iyo Gamoyalibebuli. miuxedavad amisa,
rogorc arqimandriti nikandri aRniSnavda, kaTolikos-patriarqi
anton II pasuxis gacemas ar Gqarobda (Архимандрит Никандр. Об
Автокефальности грузинской церкви и церковкой жизни в Грузии при
католикосах. – Прибавление в „Духовному вестнику Грузинскаго экзархата“,
1905, №№13-14, 1-15 июля, стр. 66). cxadia, rusma arqimandritma
kargad uwyoda, Tu ratom agvianebda pasuxs anton II. kaTolikos-
patriarqi grZnobda, rom peterburgSi sruliad garkveuli mizniT
dainteresdnen qarTl-kaxeTis eklesiis mdgomareobiT. pavle I-is
13
1801 wlis 18 ianvris manifesti georgievskis traqtatis (1783 w.)
uxeSi darRvevis mauwyebeli iyo. pavle I-ma fexqveS gaTela
qarTl-kaxeTis samefo saxlis ufleba, arad Gaagdo misi
winamorbedi imperatoris, dedis, ekaterine II-is mier
ratificirebuli traqtati. yovelive es anton II-s srul uflebas
aZlevda efiqra: ruseTis saimperatoro kari verc kaTolikos-
patriarqis xelisuflebas moiTmenda da mcxeTis uZveles
sapatriarqo taxtsac, uZveles samociqulo eklesiis
avtokefaliasac gaauqmebda. Zalze saeWvo iyo ruseTis
saimperatoro karis daintereseba iseTi sakiTxebiT, romelic
mxolod anton II-is iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda. qarTveli
samRvdeloebis bedze zrunviT rom ruseTi raRac
avismomaswaveblis SeniRbvas cdilobda, es eWvs ar iwvevda.
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II bolos iZulebuli gaxda,
pasuxi gaeca rusi generlis mier dasmul kiTxvebze. anton II-is
mier gagzavnili werilis dedani jerjerobiT mikvleuli ar aris.
Gvenamde moRweuli werilis rusul Targmans TariRi ar uzis
(Акты, I, стр. 529-530). dadgenili ar aris, Tu ramden xans daagviana
anton II-m sapasuxo werilis gagzavna, magram, unda vivaraudoT,
rom 1801 wlis 12 seqtembris manifestis Semdeg pasuxs didxans
veRar daayovnebda. yovel SemTxvevaSi 1801 wlis oqtombrisaTvis
anton II-is pasuxi peterburgSi ukve miRebuli unda hqonodaT
(Акты, I, стр. 535).
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is werili Zalze kargadaa
Sedgenili. anton II, cxadia, grZnobda, rom ruseTis saimperatoro
kari mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi
samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebas apirebda. amitom
iyo, rom werili Semdegnairad iwyeboda: `berZenTa mefis
konstantine didis dros saqarTveloSi movida wmida nino,
14
romelmac uflis SewevniT daamxo warmarToba da
marTlmadideblobaze moaqcia mefe miriani da qarTveli xalxi~
(Акты, I, стр. 529-530). anton II aRniSnavs, rom mefe mirianis Txov-
nis safuZvelze imperatorma konstantine didma saqarTveloSi
gamogzavna antioqiis patriarqi evstaTi, romelmac monaTla mefe
da qarTveli xalxi, akurTxa eklesia (Акты, I, стр. 530). anton II
werilSi sagangebod usvamda xazs imas, rom mefe vaxtang
gorgasalma mcxeTaSi cxovelmyofeli svetis adgilze aago
eklesia, daniSna kaTolikos-patriarqi, romelic iwodeboda
`uwmidesad~. anton II werda, rom bizantiis imperatorebi da
msoflio saeklesio krebebi cnobdnen saqarTvelos eklesiis
`TviTmwyemsobas~ da sapatriarqo Rirsebas. cxadia, sruliad
garkveul mizans isaxavda anton II, rodesac werilSi sagangebod
aRniSnavda: „и по сие время патриаршество сие есть самовласное“ (Акты,
I, стр. 530).
am Sesavlis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II pasuxobs
karl knoringis mier dasmul kiTxvebs:
1. qarTlSi saeklesio ierarqebi iyvnen _ mitropolitebi:
Tbileli, samTavroeli, ruiseli, wilkneli; mTavarepiskoposi:
mangleli; episkoposebi: urbneli, samTavneli, niqozeli. kaxeTSi
_ mitropolitebi: alaverdeli (eparqias piradad anton II
ganagebda), bodbeli, ninowmindeli; mTavarepiskoposi: rusTveli;
episkoposebi: nekreseli, xarWaSneli.
2. eparqiebis mmarTveli ierarqebi gamorGeuli da daniSnuli
iyvnen mefisa da kaTolikos-patriarqis mier.
3. qarTlSi mamaTa Semdegi monastrebi iyo (monastrebis
saxelwodebas moviyvanT ise, rogorc `aqtebSia~ dabeWdili):
„Пещерский“, „Похвалы Божией Матери“, „Икортский“, „Ананурский“,
„Креста“, „Пустынный Мгвимский“, „Ларгвисский“, „Хобский“,
15
„Улумбский“, „Гетсиманий“, „Тирский“. kaxeTSi mamaTa monastrebi
iyo: „Давид Гареджский“, „Предтеченский“, „Средигорный (Шуамтинс-
кий)“, „Бочормский“, „Святаго Саввы“, „Хирсский“, „Спаса“,
„Предтеченский“. monastrebs ganagebdnen arqimandritebi. dedaTa
monastrebi qarTlsa da kaxeTSi aRar arsebobdnen.
4. mRvdelmTavrebi (mitropolitebi, mTavarepiskoposebi,
episkoposebi), monastrebi da arqimandritebi sarGos iReben
saeklesio glexebis mier gaRebuli gadasaxadidan da saeklesio
mamulebidan rangis Sesabamisad. samrevlo eklesiebis
RvTismsaxurebi sarGos iReben mrevlidan da piradi SromiT.
5. eklesiaSi Tanamdebobebs ikaveben memkvidreobiT, piradi
RirsebiT da arGeviT.
6. qarTl-kaxeTSi dikasteria an sxva raime organo, sa-
patriarqo saxlis garda, ar arsebobda. eparqiebs ganagebdnen
piradad mRvdelmTavrebi (mitropolitebi, mTavarepiskoposebi,
episkoposebi) samRvdeloebasTan erTad, gansakuTrebul
SemTxvevaSi mimarTavdnen sapatriarqos.
7. qarTlisa da kaxeTis yvela eparqiaSi samRvdeloebis
Svilebs aswavlian wera-kiTxvas TavianTi ojaxebis xarjze. mefe
erekle II-is dros Tbilissa da TelavSi arsebobda seminariebi,
sadac aswavlidnen gramatikas, ritorikas, filosofias,
RvTismetyvelebas. seminariebs inaxavda mefe (Акты, I, стр. 530).
anton II-is werilisa da, cxadia, sxva informaciis miRebis
Semdeg peterburgSi SeudgeniaT dokumenti saTauriT „Наличный
состав Грузинскаго Патриархата“. dokumenti Semdegi Sinaarsisaa:
1. qarTl-kaxeTis eklesias ganagebs kaTolikos-patriarqi,
uwmidesi da unetaresi, mefe erekle II-is Ze anton II.
2. sapatriarqo kaTedra mcxeTaSia. taZari aSenebulia
saswaulmoqmedi svetis adgilas.
16
3. qarTlSi kaTolikos-patriarqs ekuTvnis 88 sofeli, kaxeTSi
_ 58. qarTlSi 6 monasteria, kaxeTSi _ 5. kaTolikos-patriarqis
gamgeblobaSia: kaxeTSi _ alaverdis eklesia, qarTlSi _
samTavros eparqia.
4. qarTlSi saeklesio ierarqebi arian: a) Tbileli
mitropoliti arseni, romlis samwysoSi, garda Tbilisisa, Sedis
18 sofeli. samwysos teritoriaze mamulebi aqvT 3 Tavadsa da 4
aznaurs; b) ruiseli mitropoliti iustine, romlis samwysoSi
Sedis 46 sofeli 21 TavadiTa da 95 aznauriT; g) wilkneli
mitropoliti ioane, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 46 sofeli, aseve
moxeveebi, mTiulebi, gudamayrelebi, xandosxevelebi, WarTlelebi.
samwysos teritoriaze 14 aznauri saxlobs; d) urbneli mitro-
politi iuli, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 20 sofeli 5 TavadiTa da
8 aznauriT; e) samTavneli episkoposi gervasi, romlis samwysoSi
Sedis 17 sofeli 1 TavadiTa da 8 aznauriT; v) niqozeli
episkoposi aTanase, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 8 sofeli.
5. kaxeTSi saeklesio ierarqebi arian: a) bodbeli mit-
ropoliti ioane, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 31 sofeli 28 TavadiT;
b) ninowmindeli mitropoliti mixeili, romlis samwyoSi Sedis 30
sofeli 1 TavadiT; g) rusTveli mTavarepiskoposi stefane,
romlis samwyoSi Sedis 8 sofeli 1 TavadiT; d) nekreseli
mitropoliti ambrosi, romlis samwyoSi Sedis 14 sofeli 5
TavadiT (Акты, I, стр. 531).
1801 wlis 12 seqtembers moskovSi myofma imperatorma
aleqsandre I-ma xeli moawera umaRles manifests qarTl-kaxeTis
samefos gauqmebisa da misi ruseTis imperiasTan SeerTebis
Taobaze (Акты, I, стр. 132-133) (manifestSi, iseve rogorc sxva
oficialur dokumentebSi, `qarTl-kaxeTis samefos~ nacvlad
gvxvdeba „царство Грузинское“ da „Грузия“). 1801 wlis 12 seqtembris
17
manifestSi araferi iyo naTqvami kaTolikos-patriarqis, sapat-
riarqosa da eklesiis Taobaze. manifesti iTvaliswinebda qarTl-
kaxeTis mosaxleobis daficebas ruseTis imperatoris
erTgulebaze. qarTveli samRvdeloeba swored am konteqstSia
moxseniebuli: `samRvdeloTa, viTarca mwyemsTa sulisa Tana,
pirvelad SvenisT micema magaliTisa~ (qarTuli samarTlis
Zeglebi. teqsti gamosca i. doliZem. tomi II. Tbilisi, 1965, gv.
558). 1801 wlis 12 seqtembersve aleqsandre I-ma xeli moawera kidev
ramdenime dokuments: 1) „Рескрипт от 12-го сентября 1801 года“, ro-
melic mieca „Нашему ген.-л., главнокомандующему в Грузии Кноррингу“
(Акты, I, стр. 133-136), 2) „Височаише утвержденное воззвание к
Грузинскому народу, в 12-й день сентября 1801 года“ (Акты, I, стр. 136-
137), 3) „Постановление внутренняго в Грузии управления, Высочайше
утвержденное в 12-й день сентября 1801 года“ (Акты, I, стр. 137-138),
4) „Объяснение исполнений Высочайшаго повеления, последовавшаго к
ген.-л. Кноррингу, об управлении Грузиею, в 12-й день сентября 1801 года“
(Акты, I, стр. 138-140). am oficialur dokumentebSi yvelgan `qarTl-
kaxeTis~ nacvlad gvxvdeba: „Грузия“.
1801 wlis 12 seqtembris dadgenilebiT yofili qarTl-kaxeTis
samefos Sinagani marTva-gamgeoba ase moewyo:
pirveli. yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos (aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos) teritoria daiyo 5 mazrad (sami mazra Seiqmna
qarTlSi, ori mazra _ kaxeTSi). es mazrebi iyo: goris, lores,
duSeTis, Telavis, siRnaRis.
meore. qarTl-kaxeTis marTva-gamgeobaSi Semdegi Tanamdebobebi
da organoebi iyo:
a) mTavarsardali (Главнокомандующий),
b) mmarTveli (Правитель),
18
g) saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavroba (Верховное Грузинское
Правительство), romlis adgilsamyofeli iyo TbilisSi.
saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavroba iyofoda oTx eqspediciad
(departamentad): 1) aRmasrulebeli, anu mmarTvelobisa, 2)
saxazino, anu ekonomiuri, 3) sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa, 4)
samoqalaqo saqmeTa. eqspediciebis (departamentebis) ufrosebi
rusi moxeleebi unda yofiliyvnen. eqspediciis ufrosebs
eyolebodaT qarTveli Tavadebidan 4 mrGeveli, anu mdivanbegi.
saqarTvelos mmarTveli (Правитель Грузии), eqspediciebis
ufrosebi da maTi mrGevlebi Seadgendnen `saqarTvelos
mTavrobas~ („Верховное Грузинское Правительство“) (Акты, I, стр. 137).
saqarTvelos pirveli mTavarsardlebi iyvnen: general-
leitenanti karl knoringi (1801-1803), general-leitenanti pavle
cicianovi (ciciSvili) (1802-1806), general-anSefi ivane gudoviGi
(1806-1809), general-leitenanti aleqsandre tormasovi (1809-1811),
general-leitenanti filip pauluGi (1811-1812), general-leitenanti
nikoloz rtiSGevi (1811-1816).
saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavroba TbilisSi funqcionirebas
Seudga 1802 wlis 8 maiss. saqarTvelos pirveli mmarTveli iyo
petre kovalenski.
1801 wlis 12 seqtembris manifestis Semdeg ruseTis saim-
peratoro kari ufro energiulad Seudga kaTolikos-patriarqis
anton II-is, sakaTalikososa da qarTveli samRvdeloebis
saqmeebSi Garevas. am TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobda
karl knoringis Semcvleli, saqarTvelos axali mTavarsardali
general-leitenanti, warmoSobiT qarTveli Tavadi, pavle
cicianovi (ciciSvili) (Ахимандрит Никандр. Об автокефальности
грузинской церкви и церковной жизни в Грузии при католикосах. –
19
Прибавление к „Духовному Вестнику Грузинскаго экзархата“, 1905, №№13-
14, 1-15 июля, стр. 67).
pavle cicianovi saqarTvelos mTavarsardlad 1802 wels
dainiSna, Tumca TbilisSi 1803 wlis 1 Tebervals Gamovida. axali
mTavarsardlis moTxovniT maleve iqna aRricxuli kaTolikos-
patriarq anton II-is wliuri Semosavali. anton II-s Semdegi
Semosavali hqonia: 1700 kodi xorbali, 225 sapalne Rvino, 2800
maneTi (Акты, собранные Кавказскою Археографическою Коммиссиею.
Том II. Тифлис, 1866, стр. 263).
TbilisSi Gamosul saqarTvelos mTavarsardal pavle
cicianovs saqarTvelos mmarTvelma petre kovalenskim warudgina
moxseneba 1803 wlis 27 ianvars momxdari incindentis Taobaze. 27
ianvars, samTavrosa da wilknis mTavarepiskopos ioanes
dakrZalvis dros, warmoiSva dava dekanoz solomonsa da
Tbilisis sionis taZris dekanoz (dokumentSi vinaoba araa
miTiTebuli – v. g.) Soris kaTolikos-patriarqis uwyebaSi
(sakaTalikoso saxlSi) Tanamdebobis dakavebasTan dakavSirebiT.
Tbileli mitropoliti arseni moiTxovda upiratesoba mie-
niWebinaT sionis taZris dekanozisaTvis. gawbilebulma dekanozma
solomonma, raki Tavisi ver gaitana, dakrZalva miatova.
dakrZalvidan dabrunebisas Tbilel mitropolit arsens da mis
TanmxlebT Tavs daesxnen SeiaraRebuli pirebi, daWres
mitropoliti da masTan myofi ramdenime RvTismsaxuri.
mitropolit arsenis azriT, Tavdamsxmelebi iyvnen dekanoz
solomonis Svilebi, kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-isa da orive
dedoflis (darejanisa da mariamis _ v. g.) msaxurebi (Акты, II,
стр. 263; eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 29-30).
pavle cicianovisaTvis TbilisSi Gamosvlis Semdeg qalaqis
komendants warudgenia moxseneba. moxsenebaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom
20
SemTxvevis adgilas xmliT xelSi dauWriaT dekanoz solomonis
Svili, romelic patimrobaSi imyofeboda. pavle cicianovma
brZaneba gasca Ziebis dawyebis Taobaze, raTa daedginaT
dapatimrebulis Tanamzraxvelebi da kanonis Sesabamisad
daesajaT isini. yovelive amis Taobaze pavle cicianovma 1803
wlis 10 Tebervals sagangebo weriliT saqmis kursSi Gaayena ka-
Tolikos-patriarqi anton II (Акты, II, стр. 263-264).
mTavarepiskopos ioanes dakrZalvis dRes momxdari incindenti
ufro sxva mxrivaa yuradsaRebi. Tbileli mitropoliti arseni
bagrationTa muxranul Stos ekuTvnoda. rogorc profesori
eldar bubulaSvili aRniSnavs, Tbileli mitropoliti arseni
`warmoSobiT bagrationi iyo, Tumca igi nadibaiZis gvars
atarebda. arseni iyo vaxtang meeqvsis Zmis ieses ukanono Svilis
abdula-begis (arGilis) Svili~ (eldar bubulaSvili.
dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 28-29). igi opoziciaSi edga bag-
rationTa kaxeTis Stos erekle II-s, giorgi XII-s, daviT
batoniSvils da, cxadia, kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s (erekle
II-s Zes). pavle cicianovma yovelive es kargad uwyoda da
Tbileli mitropolitis Tavisi miznebisaTvis gamoyenebas
cdilobda. amitom iyo, rom generalma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba
dauTmo petre kovalenskis moxsenebas da incindentis gamoZiebas
Seudga. samagierod, pavle cicianovi yovelnairad cdilobda
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is SezRudvas. saqarTvelos mTa-
varsardali kaTolikos-patriarqTan urTierTobisas yovelTvis
cdilobda etiketi ar daerRvia, Tumca anton II-is samarTlian
moTxovnebs iSviaTad uwevda angariSs. saerTod pavle cicianovi
Tvlida, rom qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebamde kaTolikos-
patriarqi eklesias mefesTan erTad ganagebda, mefes
eTaTbireboda. radgan samefo xelisufleba ukve gauqmebuli iyo,
21
kaTalikos-patriarqs gadawyvetilebebi saqarTvelos mTavarsar-
dalTan, e. i. pavle cicianovTan SeTanxmebiT unda mieRo.
1802 wlis 16 noembers xanZris Sedegad daiwva Tbilisis sionis
sakaTedro taZris kuTvnili 10 savaWro duqani. xanZarma daaziana
taZaric. sionis taZari ZiriTadad am duqnebidan miRebuli
SemosavliT arsebobda. pavle cicianovma gamogonili mizeziT
anton II-s uari uTxra duqnebis aRdgenaze da, amdenad, sionis
taZari usaxsrod datova. generali kaTolikos-patriarqs
dahpirda, imperators vTxov, gverdiT mdebare daviT
batoniSvilis kuTvnili qarvasla uboZos sionis taZarso (Акты,
II, стр. 264). qarvaslis sionis taZrisaTvis gadacemis Txovna pavle
cicianovs marTlac rom gaegzavna peterburgSi, es saqme Zalian
didxans gaWianurdeboda, sionis taZars ki finansuri Semweoba
dauyovnebliv sWirdeboda _ aucilebeli iyo taZris restavracia.
taZari rom mZime mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda, pavle cicianovma
kargad uwyoda. miuxedavad amisa, generalma kaTolikos-patriarq
anton II-s oficialurad acnoba, rom sionis sakaTedro taZris
restavraciisaTvis saWiro 10.000 maneTi saqarTvelos
Semosavlebidan ver gamoiyofoda (Акты, II, стр. 264). mogvianebiT,
1803 wlis 4 maiss, pavle cicianovs peterburgidan acnobes, rom
sionis sakaTedro taZris restavraciisaTvis saWiro 10.000 maneTi
imperatoris 1803 wlis 29 aprilis brZanebiT gamoyofili iyo sa-
xelmwifo xazinidan (Акты, II, стр. 265; eldar bubulaSvili.
dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 26). es Tanxa taZris rekonstruqcias
moxmarda.
ruseTis saimperatoro karis miTiTebis Tanaxmad, pavle
cicianovi Seudga qarTlsa da kaxeTSi eparqiebis Semcirebas.
sawyis etapze mimdinareobda eparqiebis gaerTianeba. pavle
cicianovma gadawyvita wilknis eparqia gaeuqmebina, ufro zustad,
22
wilknisa da samTavisis eparqia gaeerTianebina. kaTolikos-
patriarqi anton II win aRudga ori eparqiis gaerTianebas da
pavle cicianovis Tanxmobis gareSe wilknis eparqiis mmarTvel
ierarqad arqimandriti dosiTeozi daadgina. cxadia, arqimandriti
eparqiis mmarTvelad mxolod droebiT SeiZleboda yofiliyo,
maleve unda momxdariyo dosiTeozis episkoposad xeldasxma.
anton II-is gadawyvetilebam Zalze aRaSfoTa pavle cicianovi.
1803 wlis 2 aprils generalma werili gaugzavna kaTolikos-
patriarqs (Акты, II, стр. 264). marTalia, pavle cicianovi TiTqos
pativiscemas adasturebda kaTolikos-patriarqis mimarT, magram
amave dros aRSfoTebas ver malavda imis gamo, rom anton II-m
masTan SeuTanxmeblad arqimandriti dosiTeozi wilknis eparqiis
mmarTvelad daadgina. generals isic ki gamouZiebia, Tu visTan
imyofeboda dosiTeozi naTesaur kavSirSi (Акты, II, стр. 264).
aRSfoTebuli generali anton II-s Seaxsenebda, rom „священная есть
воля Е. И. В. (misi imperatorobiTi udidebulesobis _ v. g.) не
умножать в Грузии высоких в духовенстве званий“ (Акты, II, стр. 264). es
imas niSnavda, rom kaTolikos-patriarqs ukrZalavdnen
episkoposad, mTavarepiskoposad da mitropolitad xeldasxmas. da
bolos, pavle cicianovi anton II-s avalebda: imperatoris nebis
Tanaxmad, wilknis eparqia gaauqme da samTavisis eparqias
SeuerTeo. gaerTianebuli eparqiis mmarTvel episkoposad meufe
gervasi unda darGeniliyo (Акты, II, стр. 264).
anton II mZime mdgomareobaSi aRmoGnda. episkoposad, mTa-
varepiskoposad da mitropolitad xeldasxmis akrZalvis gamo,
eparqiis mmarTveli ierarqiis gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi, eparqia
avtomaturad uqmdeboda (uerTdeboda sxva eparqias). 1803 wlis
aprilSi ninowmindelma mitropolitma mixeilma avadmyofobis
(mxedvelobis daqveiTebis) gamo gadadgoma iTxova. eparqiis axali
23
mmarTveli ierarqis dadgena (episkoposad xeldasxma) anton II-s
akrZaluli hqonda. 1803 wlis 26 aprils kaTolikos-patriarqma
anton II-m rusTvel mTavarepiskopos stefanes acnoba, rom
rusTavis eparqias uerTdeboda ninowmindis eparqia. amieridan
gaerTianebuli eparqiebis mmarTveli ierarqi stefane iwodeboda
ase: `mitropoliti ninowmindisa da mTavarepiskoposi rusTavisa~
(Акты, II, стр. 564-565).
pavle cicianovi uxeSad ereoda sapatriarqos finansur
saqmeebSi. 1804 wlis 18 Tebervals generalma weriliT mimarTa
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s. werilSi aRniSnulia, rom
sanTlis gayidvis Sedegad ruseTis eklesia mniSvnelovan
Semosavals iRebda. amieridan qarTlisa da kaxeTis eparqiebSi
sanTlis gayidvis Sedegad miRebuli Tanxa unda moxmareboda
eklesiebs (taZrebs) da ara samRvdeloebas (Акты, II, стр. 567).
pavle cicianovis gadawyvetileba, romelic, cxadia, peterburgSi
miRebuli gadawyvetilebis gamoZaxili iyo, SemTxveviTi ar yofi-
la. XIX saukunis damdegisaTvis qarTlisa da kaxeTis eklesiebisa
da monastrebis umravlesoba dauyovnebliv restavracias
saWiroebda. saxelmwifo xazinas saWiro saxsrebis gaReba ar
surda. amitom gadawyda, restavraciisaTvis aucilebeli Tanxa
TviT eklesiebs moeZiebinaT. Tu sanTlis gayidvis Sedegad
miRebuli Tanxa samRvdeloebas ar moxmardeboda da
restavraciisaTvis gadaideboda, cxadia, xazinas garkveuli
SeRavaTi miecemoda. samagierod mniSvnelovnad mcirdeboda
samRvdeloebis Semosavali. isedac mZime mdgomareobaSi myofi
qarTveli samRvdeloebisaTvis es didi dartyma iyo.
ruseTis saimperatoro kari qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebisa
da rusuli mmarTvelobis damyarebisTanave Seudga rogorc
samoqalaqo, ise saeklesio uwyebaSi Semosavlebis aRricxvas
24
gadasaxadebis dawesebis mizniT. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II
cdilobda saeklesio Semosavlebis dacvas. amiT aRSfoTebuli
saqarTvelos mTavarsardali pavle cicianovi 1804 wlis 23 marts
umaRles xelisuflebas moaxsenebda: saqarTveloSi Gamosvlis
Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqs samjer gavugzavne formebi, romlis
mixedviTac unda GaetarebinaT saeklesio qonebis aRwera, magram
saWiro cnobebis mirebas ver mivaRwieo (Акты, II, стр. 267). pavle
cicianovma 1804 wlis 23 marts imperatorisaTvis gagzavnil moxse-
nebas Tan daurTo imave ricxviT daTariRebuli werilis asli,
romelic man kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s gaugzavna. pavle
cicianovi anton II-s werda: rva Tvis ganmavlobaSi ver mivaRwie
saeklesio qonebis aRweras, Tumca aRwerisaTvis saWiro formebi
gamogizavneTo. Semdeg generali TvalTmaqcobda da kaTolikos-
patriarqs ase mimarTavda: saeklesio qonebis aRweris dayovnebis
gamo ar mindoda Tavs dagtydomodaT imperatoris risxva, amito-
mac aqamde Tavs vikavebdi da imperatorisaTvis saqmis viTareba ar
momixsenebiao. pavle cicianovi anton II-s sayvedurobda:
mTavarepiskoposebi da episkoposebi yovelgvari wesis da rigis
dacvis gareSe axdenen mRvdlad xeldasxmas, xolo
arqimandritebi _ berad aRkvecas. yuradReba ar eqceva mRvdlad
xeldasxmulis an berad aRkvecilis asaks da wodebas; arad
agdeben memamulis uflebas. memamules ar ekiTxebian, Tanaxmaa Tu
ara igi, yma glexi gadavides sasuliero wodebaSi. pavle
cicianovis azriT, aseTi mdgomareoba qmnida imis safrTxes, rom
saqarTvelos erTi nawili iqceoda berul samyarod, xolo meore
nawili _ TeTri samRvdeloebis samyarod. generali TeTri da
Savi samRvdeloebis gamravlebaSi xedavda ara adamianebis
eklesiis wiaRisaken sulier swrafvas, aramed sasuliero
wodebaSi gadasvliT gadasaxadebisagan gaTavisuflebis
25
miswrafebas (Акты, II, стр. 568). pavle cicianovi TeTri da Savi
samRvdeloebis gamravlebaSi sxva safrTxesac xedavda. generali
yuradRebas amaxvilebda imaze, rom eklesiebi da monastrebi eko-
nomiurad cudad iyvnen uzrunvelyofilni, ekonomiuri
TvalsazrisiT arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda
samRvdeloeba. aseT viTarebaSi TeTri da Savi samRvdeloebis
ricxvis zrda kidev ufro gaauaresebda mdgomareobas. pavle
cicianovs aseTi magaliTi mohyavda: erT-erT eklesias Zalze
mcire Semosavali hqonda da amave dros eklesiis StatSi 14
mRvdeli iricxebodao (Акты, II, стр. 268).
pavle cicianovis damokidebuleba kaTolikos-patriarqisa da,
saerTod, qarTveli samRvdeloebisadmi kargad Gans misi
werilidan anton II-dmi, romelic 1804 wlis 25 martiT aris
daTariRebuli. 1804 wlis 18 marts anton II-s TxovniT miumarTavs
pavle cicianovisaTvis saeklesio galobis maswavleblis
arqimandrit gerasimes da misi ZmisaTvis xelfasis daniSvnis
Taobaze. arqimandriti gerasime Tavis droze mefe erekle II-s
gamouwvevia imereTidan da xelfassac mefe uxdida. pavle
cicianovma uari Tqva anton II-is Txovnis dakmayofilebaze (Акты,
II, стр. 268). generlis werilidan yuradRebas imsaxurebs erTi
adgili. xelfasis daniSvnaze uaris Tqmas pavle cicianovi imiTac
asabuTebda, rom saeklesio galobis maswavleblis moRvaweobas
saTanado Sedegi ar mohyoliao. igi pirdapir acxadebda:
eklesiebSi galobis nacvlad Txebis kikini ismiso (Акты, II, стр.
268). iqve generali anton II-s rGevas aZlevda: qarTuli saeklesio
galoba rusuli saeklesio galobiT SecvaleTo (Акты, II, стр.
268). qarTuli saeklesio galobis rusuliT Secvla, iseve
rogorc RvTismsaxurebis rusul enaze warmarTva, saqarTveloSi
ruseTis saeklesio politikis umTavres mimarTulebas
26
warmoadgenda. am politikis gatareba saqarTveloSi pavle
cicianovma daiwyo.
pavle cicianovis 1804 wlis 23 martis werilis miRebis Semdeg
muxranSi myofma kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m 1804 wlis 6
aprils weriliTve upasuxa generals. anton II pavle cicianovs
acnobebda, rom saeklesio qonebis aRwerisaTvis specialuri
formebi man ramdenime Tvis win daugzavna eparqiebis mmarTvel
ierarqebs. amasTan erTad, kaTolikos-patriarqi werda, rom man
eparqiis mmarTvel ierarqebs aukrZala rogorc vinmes berad
aRkveca, ise mRvdlad xeldasxma (Акты, II, стр. 568). saWiro
masalis ararsebobis gamo ar dgindeba, tardeboda Tu ara es
akrZalva cxovrebaSi.
anton II-is 1804 wlis 6 aprilis werili cxadad adasturebs,
rom kaTolikos-patriarqi iZulebuli gaxda pavle cicianovis
moTxovnisaTvis, Tu faqtobrivad ara, formalurad mainc
angariSi gaewia. Tumca generali aman sulac ar daakmayofila da
kvlav ganagrZo kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is Seviwroveba.
1804 wlis martSi gardaicvala ioane naTlismcemlis mo-
nastris winamZRvari arqimandriti eqvTime. anton II-m ninowmindisa
da rusTavis eparqiis mmarTvel mTavarepiskopos stefanes
wardginebiT monastris winamZRvrad daadgina arqimandriti
domenti (Акты, II, стр. 268). Seityo Tu ara momxdari, 1804 wlis 10
aprils pavle cicianovma anton II-s protestis werili gaugzavna.
generali werda: niqozis eparqiis mmarTvelma episkoposma aTana-
sem asakis gamo gadadgoma iTxova. amasTan erTad meufe stefanem
iTxova, Tu SesaZlebeli iqneboda, misi ioane naTlismcemlis
monastris winamZRvarad dadgena; Tu es ver moxerxdeboda, imave
monasterSi cxovrebis ufleba da wliur sarGod 120 maneTis
daniSvna (Акты, II, стр. 268). amis Semdeg pavle cicianovi anton II-
27
s avalebda: 1) mis mier ioane naTlismcemlis monastris
winamZRvrad dadgenili arqimandriti domenti gadaeyenebina,
monastris winamZRvrad daedgina meufe stefane da daeniSna mis-
Tvis sarGo 120 maneTi; winamZRvris moadgiled daedgina
arqimandriti domenti. 2) wilknis eparqia SeerTebina samTavisis
eparqiisaTvis. amasTan erTad generali kaTolikos-patriarqs
werda: Tu raime mizeziT is ar isurvebda meufe stefanes
monastris winamZRvrad dadgenas, maSin ecnobebina aseTi
gadawyvetilebis mizezi, raTa Tavis Tavad pavle cicianovs anton
II-is gadawyvetilebis Taobaze saqmis kursSi Gaeyenebina ruseTis
imperatori (Акты, II, стр. 269; eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli
naSromi, gv. 30-31).
qarTlisa da kaxeTis eklesiebSi RvTismsaxurebis qarTuli
enis nacvlad rusul enaze aRvlenis mizniT pavle cicianovma
ramdenime RonisZieba gaatara. amasTan erTad pavle cicianovi
imazec zrunavda, rom qarTlisa da kaxeTis eklesiebSi SemoeRoT
iseTi sakiTxavebi, romlebic ruseTis eklesiaSi ikiTxeboda. es
sakiTxavebi rusul enaze iyo dabeWdili da, cxadia, 1804
wlisaTvis saqarTvelos eklesiebSi rusul enaze kiTxvas azri ar
hqonda _ qarTveli mrevlis absoluturma umravlesobam rusuli
ena ar icoda. 1804 wlis 25 aprils generalma ruseTis eklesiis
uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre golicins weriliT
mimarTa. pavle cicianovi ober-prokurors sTxovda, uwmidesi
sinodis qarTvel wevrs, qsnis erisTavTa STamomavals,
arqiepiskopos varlams qarTulad eTargmna eklesiaSi sakiTxavebi:
1) didi saeklesio dResaswaulebis tabeli, 2) eklesiebSi ruseTis
imperatoris sagvareulos moxseniebis forma, 3) samadlobeli
locvebi, 4) locvebi ruseTis imperatoris taxtze asvlisa da
koronaciis dRes, 5) gardacvlili imperatorisaTvis panaSvidis
28
gadaxdisas sakiTxavebi. Targmnili literatura peterburgSi
unda dabeWdiliyo qarTul enaze, TiToeuli ara nakleb 200
egzemplarisa (Акты, II, стр. 269).
pavle cicianovi periodulad gaweuli muSaobis Taobaze
angariSs udgenda imperators. erT-erTi aseTi angariSi
dawerilia 1804 wlis 29 maiss. generali umaRles xelisuflebas
moaxsenebda Semdegs: 1) wilknis eparqia gauqmda da SeuerTda
samTavisis eparqias; 2) wilknis eparqiis mmarTveli episkoposi
asakis gamo gadadga da ioane naTlismcemlis monasterSi
cxovrobs. kaTolikos-patriarqma, Gemi Txovnis miuxedavad, wliur
sarGod 120 maneTis nacvlad dauniSna 60 maneTi, danarGen 60 ma-
neTs igi saqarTvelis Semosavlebidan (xazinidan) iRebs; 3)
mmarTveli episkoposebis nebayoflobiTi gadadgoma eparqiebis
Semcirebis saukuTeso formaa. am gziT qarTlSi 6 eparqiidan 3
ukve gauqmebulia; 4) eparqiebis erTbaSad gauqmeba saxifaToa
(Акты, II, стр. 269).
pavle cicianovis 1804 wlis 29 maisiT daTariRebul angariSs
peterburgSi gamoexmaurnen. 1804 wlis 9 seqtembers imperator
aleqsandre I-is favoritma, faruli komitetis wevrma viqtor
koGubeim pavle cicianovs werilobiT acnoba Semdegi: 1)
mowonebas imsaxurebda eparqiebis gauqmeba; 2) eparqiebis ricxvis
Semcireba kvlavac unda gagrZelebuliyo; 3) eparqiebis gauqmeba
unda momxdariyo umtkivneulod; 4) ioane naTlismcemlis monas-
terSi ganwesebuli meufe aTanasesaTvis saqarTvelos Se-
mosavlebidan wliurad 60 maneTis gamoyofas imperatori
daeTanxma (Акты, II, стр. 269-270).
saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali pavle cicianovi, bevri
winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, cdilobda bolomde mieyvana qarTlsa
da kaxeTSi saeklesio qonebis aRweris saqme. generali xSirad
29
kaTolikos-patriarqis gverdis avliTac moqmedebda da pirdapir
eparqiis mmarTvel ierarqebs avalebda aRweris Gatarebas.
1805 wlis 21 Tebervals bodbeli mitropoliti ioane pavle
cicianovs moaxsenebda: 1) nekresis eparqiis mflobelobaSia 80
komli glexi, romlebic emsaxurebian eklesias da muSaoben
eklesiis mamulSi; 2) 50 komli glexi nekresis eparqias uxdis
yovel komlze wliurad naxevar sapalne Rvinos da 10 kod
xorbals. garda amisa, 50 komli eklesias wliurad uxdis 60
vercxlis maneTs; 3) nekresis eparqias organ aqvs venaxi,
romelTagan erTi naklebadmsxmoiarea. orive venaxi iZleva 60
sapalne Rvinos; 4) xorblis yanebi nekresis eparqias ar gaaGnia.
glexebi valdebuli iyvnen, xorbali daeTesaT, magram uari Tqves.
eklesia xorbals yidulobs; 5) savaWroebidan nekresis eparqia
yovelwliurad iRebs 40 maneTs; 6) saeklesio glexebisagan
gadasaxadis (`drama~ da `saxuco~) saxiT nekresis eparqia
yovelwliurad iRebs 220 maneTs; 7) sadilis Jamnobis dadgenili
gadasaxadidan nekresis eparqias weliwadSi aqvs Semosavali 200
maneTis odenobiT (Акты, II, стр. 271). bodbeli mitropoliti ioane
pavle cicianovs calke moaxsenebda xarWaSnis eparqiis
Semosavlis Taobaze: 1) xarWaSnis eparqiaSi 30 komli saeklesio
glexia; 2) saeklesio glexebi eparqias, SeZlebisdagvarad,
gadasaxads uxdian xorbliT, RviniT ki vera; 3) xarWaSnis eparqias
aqvs venaxi, romelic iZleva 12 sapalne Rvinos; 4) xarWaSnis
eparqiaSi Sedis TianeTi da fSavi, saidanac gadasaxadebi mcire
raodenobiT Semodis. TianeTidan dramis gadasaxadi Seadgens we-
liwadSi 15 an 20 maneTs; 5) saZovriT sargeblobisaTvis xarWaSnis
eparqia gadasaxadis saxiT iRebs 20 cxvars (Акты, II, стр. 271).
xarWaSnis eparqiaze kidev ufro Raribi iyo niqozis eparqia.
30
1806 wels baqoSi RalatiT mokluli saqarTvelos mTa-
varsardlis general pavle cicianovis nacvlad mTavarsardlad
dainiSna general-anSefi ivane gudoviGi (1806-1809). am
periodisaTvis (1803-1804 ww.) imereTis samefo, samegrelosa da
guriis samTavroebi ukve ruseTis imperiis qveSevrdomobaSi iyvnen
Sesulni. mzaddeboda dasavleT saqarTvelos dapyroba. Tu 1806
wels dawyebuli ruseT-osmaleTis omi ruseTis gamarjvebiT das-
ruldeboda, ruseTis mier dasavleT saqarTvelos dapyrobas win
veraferi daudgeboda.
dasavleT saqarTvelo (imereTi, guria, samegrelo, afxazeTi,
svaneTi) lixTimereTisa da afxazTa kaTolikos-patriarqis
iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda. 1795 wels gardaicvala lixTimereTisa
da afxazeTis kaTolikos-patriarqi maqsime (abaSiZe). imereTSi
Seqmnili rTuli viTarebis gamo saeklesio krebis mowveva da
kaTolikos-patriarqis arGeva ver moxerxda. imereTis mefe
solomon II-m kaTolikos-patriarqis movaleobis Sesruleba
quTaTel mitropolit dosiTeozs daakisra.
1807 wlis 15 aprils ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-
prokurorma aleqsandre golicinma saqarTvelos mTavarsardal
general ivane gudoviGs sagangebo werili gaugzavna. werilis
Sinaarsi aseTia: imereTis mitropolitebisa da episkoposebis
krebam TxovniT mimarTa uwmides sinods, raTa am ukanasknels
imereTSi gaegzavna wmida mironi. imereTis mRvdelmTavrebi werd-
nen, rom winaT mirons konstantinepolis patriarqisgan iRebdnen,
magram bolo xanebSi, omianobisa da areulobis gamo (am dros
mimdinareobda ruseT-osmaleTis omis _ v. g.), konstantinepolSi
gamgzavreba SeuZlebeli gaxda (Акты, собранные Кавказскою
Археографическою Коммиссиею. Том III. Тифлис, 1869, стр. 76). sinodis
ober-prokurori aleqsandre golicini general ivane gudoviGs
31
acnobebda, rom uwmidesma sinodma moskovis sinodalur kantoras
daavala imereTSi gasagzavnad gamoeyo vedronaxevari mironi,
romelic moskovSi Gasul qarTvelebs unda GaetanaT Grdilo
kavkasiis qalaq mozdokSi. mozdokidan mironis imereTSi
gadatanaze general ivane gudoviGs unda ezruna (Акты, III, стр. 76).
imereTis mitropolitebisa da episkoposebis werilis dedani,
romelsac aleqsandre golicini ixsenebs, mikvleuli ar aris.
qarTuli wyaroebi ar adastureben lixTimereTisa da afxazTa
sapatriarqos mier mironis konstantinepolis sapatriarqodan
Gamotanis faqts. qarTuli saero da saeklesio istoriografia
miiGnevs, rom mironi lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos
mcxeTidan mihqonda.
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is yovelmxriv SeviwrovebasTan
erTad ruseTis saimperatoro kari anton II-is mowinaaRmdege
samRvdeloebis waxalisebis politikas atarebda. 1807 wlis 14
seqtembris brZanebiT, ruseTis imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma anton
II-is yvelaze cnobili mowinaaRmdege Tbileli mitropoliti
arseni briliantisjvriani TeTri bartyuliT daajildova (Акты,
III, стр. 77).
anton II-is mimarT ruseTis saimperatoro karis arakeTil-
ganwyobilebis damadasturebeli iyo imperator aleqsandre I-is
1807 wlis 12 oqtombris brZaneba. Tavis droze qarTl-kaxeTis
mefem giorgi XII-m ioane naTlismcemlis monastris kuTvnili
glexebi gadasaxadisagan gaaTavisufla. amasTan dakavSirebiT
aleqsandre I-ma ivane gudoviGs Semdegi Sinaarsis brZaneba
gamougzavna: 1) qarTveli mefeebis sigelebi monastrebis kuTvnili
glexebis gadasaxadisagan gaTavisuflebis Taobaze
Zaladakargulad GaiTvalos; 2) amieridan glexebma ioane naT-
32
lismcemlis monasters dadgenili wesiT gadauxadon gadasaxadi
(Акты, III, стр. 77).
3. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmeba
(1809-1811 ww.)
ruseTis saeklesio politika saqarTveloSi rom mcxeTis
uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtis da samociqulo eklesiis
avtokefaliis mospobas isaxavda miznad, Tavidanve naTeli iyo.
pirvel rigSi amas cxadad grZnobda kaTolikos-patriarqi anton
II. ruseTis saimperatoro kari pirvel xanebSi SeniRbulad
moqmedebda. 1809 wels saqarTvelos mTavarsardlad daniSnulma
generalma aleqsandre tormasovma ukve Riad daiwyo moqmedeba.
1809 wlis 6 ivniss aleqsandre tormasovma moxseneba gaugzavna
ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre
golicins. generali yovelgvari Sesavlis gareSe moxsenebis
dasawyisSive acxadebs: Gemi winamorbedebis (pavle cicianovisa da
ivane gudoviGis _ v. g.) mcdelobis miuxedavad, dResac ki
ucnobia, Tu ramdeni eklesia, an ramdeni RvTismsaxuria qarTl-
kaxeTSi (Акты, собранные Кавказскою Археографическою Коммиссиею.
Том IV. Тифлис, 1870, стр. 139). moxsenebaSi aleqsandre tormasovi
ayalibebs Tavis Sexedulebas eklesiaSi gasatarebeli reformebis
Taobaze:
1. ruseTis eklesiis msgavsad TbilisSi unda daarsdes
dikasteria, razec Tanxmoba ganacxada kaTolikos-patriarqma
anton II-m.
33
2. sasuliero mmarTvelobis axali organo _ dikasteria _
daamyarebs wesrigs eklesiaSi, bolos da bolos, gairkveva
eklesiebisa da RvTismsaxurebis ricxvi.
3. eparqiebSi mmarTvelma episkoposebma dikasteriis Tanxmobis
gareSe ver unda moaxdinon mRvdlad xeldasxma an berad aRkveca.
4. dikasteriis Seqmnamde kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m unda
akrZalos piradad misi da saero xelisuflebis (mTavarsardlis -
_ v. g.) nebarTvis gareSe mRvdlad xeldasxma da berad aRkveca.
5. mRvdlad xeldasxmisa da berad aRkvecis SezRudva
Seamcirebs RvTismsaxurebis ricxvs, romelic amJamad war-
moudgenlad didia _ erT eklesiaze sami-oTxi mRvdeli modis.
6. TbilisSi unda daarsdes sasuliero seminaria, sadac
iswavlian samRvdeloebis Svilebi, rac xels Seuwyobs
samRvdeloebis ganaTlebis donis amaRlebas (Акты, IV, стр. 139-140;
eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 34-35).
reformis zogadi mimarTulebis gansazRvris Semdeg
aleqsandre tormasovi ubrundeba TbilisSi sasuliero di-
kasteriis daarsebis sakiTxs da aRniSnavs: pirveli. qarTl-
kaxeTis samefo sagvareulos pativiscemis niSnad, romlis
warmomadgenelicaa aq yvelasagan pativcemuli kaTolikos-
patriarqi anton II, am ukanasknels mivandoT sasuliero
dikasteriis daarseba. anton II unda gaxdes sasuliero
dikasteriis pirveli prezidenti, xolo vice-prezidenti erT-erTi
gamorGeuli aqauri arqiepiskoposi. vice-prezidentma SemdegSi
unda daikavos prezidentis adgili, amitomac saqmisaTvis
umjobesia, Tu vice-prezidenti gaxdeba ruseTis eklesiis
uwmidesi sinodis wevri arqiepiskoposi varlami (qsnis erisTavTa
sagvareulo saxlidan _ v. g.), romelic ruseTSi moRvaweobs da
icis sasuliero dikasteriis moRvaweobis wesi da rigi. garda
34
prezidentisa da vice-prezidentisa, sasuliero dikasteriaSi unda
Sevides samRvdeloebidan arGeuli sami wevri da mdivani.
dikasterias unda hyavdes mTargmneli. dikasteriis mweralTa
ricxvi ganisazRvreba samuSaos moculobis mixedviT.
meore. sasuliero dikasterias sWirdeba Senoba (rezidencia)
da saxsrebi sxvadasxva saWiroebisaTvis. radgan jerjerobiT
daudgenelia aqauri eklesiebis Semosavali, sasuliero
dikasteriam unda miiRos erTdroulad dafinanseba _ 5000
vercxlis maneTi. sasuliero dikasteriisaTvis aucilebeli Tanxa
SemdgomSi gamoyofili iqna adgilobrivi saeklesio
Semosavlebidan.
mesame. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II TbilisSi moRvaweobs,
TbilisSi arsebuli eklesiebis umravlesoba mis eparqias
ekuTvnis. sakuTriv, Tbilel mitropolits TbilisSi ekuTvnis 2
eklesia, xolo Tbilisis mazraSi _ 7. yvela es eklesia Zalze
Raribia. amis gamo anton II miiGnevs, rom Tbilisis eparqia unda
gauqmdes.
meoTxe. sasuliero dikasteriaSi unda iyos erTi wevri,
romelsac esmis saqmis warmoeba. swored amitom dikasteriis
wevri unda gaxdes Tbilisis keTilSobilTa saswavleblis
direqtori dekanozi aleqsi petriaSvili. aleqsi petriaSvilma
jer kidev 1803 wels miiRo sinodis Tanxmoba berad aRkvecisaTvis.
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II-c Tanaxmaa misi berad aRkvecisa,
ris Semdegac igi ayvanili iqneba arqimandritis xarisxSi,
ganwesdeba Tbilisis sionis taZarSi da Gaibarebs Tbilisis epar-
qias. aleqsi petriaSvili wesrigs daamyarebs sasuliero di-
kasteriaSi da Tbilisis eparqiaSi (Акты, IV, стр. 140; eldar
bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 36-38).
35
aleqsandre tormasovis moxseneba mravalmxrivaa sayuradRebo.
ukve imaTaviTve cxadi iyo, rom sasuliero dikasteriis
prezidentad anton II-is daniSvna mimarTuli iyo kaTolikos-
patriarqis institutis dakninebisaken. eklesiis saTaveSi
aRmoGndeboda sasuliero dikasteria da misi prezidenti,
funqcias dakargavda kaTolikos-patriarqi da sapatriarqo. am
droisaTvis gadawyvetili iyo isic, rom anton II-s male ruseTSi
gaiwvevdnen da dikasteriis vice-prezidenti, rusofili
arqiepiskoposi varlami avtomaturad gaxdeboda sasuliero di-
kasteriis prezidenti. amis Sesaxeb cxadad mianiSnebda
aleqsandre tormasovi: „а под ним нужно иметь из первых архи-
епископов вице-президента, который бы мог после него заступить место
президента“ (Акты, IV, стр. 140).
anton II-is ruseTSi gawvevis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqi da
misi xelisufleba de-faqto aRar iarsebebda, xolo misi
gardacvalebis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqs saerTod aRar
airGevdnen, radgan mas funqciac aRar eqneboda _ eklesiis
marTva-gamgeoba sasuliero dikasteriisa da misi prezidentis
xelSi gadavidoda. aleqsandre tormasovi daJinebiT iTxovda
dekanoz aleqsi petriaSvilis aRzevebas da misTvis Tbilisis
eparqiis Gabarebas. es SemTxveviTi ar iyo. dekanozi aleqsi adre
ruseTSi msaxurobda, rusofili iyo da igi yovelmxriv Seu-
wyobda xels sapatriarqosa da kaTolikos-patriarqis
Ganacvlebas sasuliero dikasteriiT da dikasteriis pre-
zidentiT.
aleqsandre tormasovi energiulad Seudga TbilisSi
sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis saqmes. 1809 wlis 15 ivniss man
weriliT mimarTa kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s. generali anton
II-s usabuTebda sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis aucileblobas,
36
GamoTvlida axali sasuliero mmarTvelobis upiratesobas da
anton II-s sTxovda:
1. Seeqmna misTvis sasurvel RvTismsaxurTagan sasuliero
komisia, romelic daadgenda sapatriarqos daqvemdebarebaSi
arsebuli eklesiebisa da iq momsaxure samRvdeloebis ricxvs.
2. ukiduresi aucileblobis garda eparqiebis mmarTvelma
episkoposebma sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnamde Tavi Seikavon
mRvdlad xeldasxmisagan da berad aRkvecisagan.
3. sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnamde adgilobrivi saero
xelisuflebis nebarTvis gareSe xeldasxmuli sasuliero piris
xeldasxma ar GaiTvleba kanonierad (Акты, IV, стр. 141).
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tan dapirispirebulma Tbilelma
mitropolitma arsenma dainaxa, rom rusebma xeli aiRes mis
mfarvelobaze da anton II-is gulis mogebis mizniT Zveli
Tanamoazre gawires _ ruseTSi namsaxur aleqsi petriaSvilze
gacvales. mitropoliti imasac mixvda, rom mTavarmarTebeli
aleqsandre tormasovi mas ar daicavda da pirdapir imperator
aleqsandre I-s mimarTa. mimarTva sakmaod vrcelia, amis gamo misi
Sinaarsi bevr ucnob sakiTxs hfens naTels. SevecdebiT igi rac
SeiZleba srulad warmovadginoT:
mitropoliti arseni mimarTvas imiT iwyebs, rom igi beria da
ar unda ereodes amqveyniur saqmeebSi, magram aseTi nabijis
gadadgmisaken ubiZga imperatorisadmi erTgulebam: „к коему
возбуждает меня верность к Вам, пребывающая в душе моей до конца
жизни моей“ (Акты, IV, стр. 141). amis Semdeg mitropoliti arseni
dawvrilebiT aRwers mis mier ruseTis imperiisaTvis gaweuli
samsaxuris umniSvnelovanes momentebs. arsenis ruseTis imperato-
risadmi erTguleba daufasebiaT saqarTvelos pirvel
mTavarsardal general karl knorings, saqarTvelos mmarTvel
37
petre kovalenskis da general ivane lazarevs. mitropoliti
arseni ar malavs, rom sargeblobda rus xelisufalTa
mxardaWeriT. saqarTvels mTavarsardal general pavle
cicianovsac daufasebia arsenis ruseTis imperatorisadmi
erTguli samsaxuri da imperatoris winaSe uSuamdgomlebia misi
wmida anas pirveli xarisxis ordeniT dajildoebis Taobaze. es
jildo arsens miuRia rogorc „несказанное счастие“. mTavarsardal
general ivane gudoviGs aseve SeumGneveli ar darGenia arsenis
ruseTis imperatorisadmi erTguleba da imperatoris winaSe
uSuamdgomlebia misi TeTri bartyuliTa da bartyulze
briliantis jvriT dajildoebis Taobaze. arseni gaocebuli
darGenila imperatoris mier gaRebuli „божественным милостям“
(Акты, IV, стр. 219).
TviT mitropolit arsenis mier moyvanili faqtebidanac ki
kargad Gans, Tu rogor uyrida Tavs qarTvelTa Soris ruseTis
saimperatoro kari Tavis momxreebs, rogor amzadebda mcxeTis
uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi samociqulo eklesiis
avtokefaliis gauqmebas. saubedurod, mitropoliti arseni
erTaderTi ar iyo!
ruseTis imperatoris winaSe Tavisi erTguli samsaxuris
warmoGenis Semdeg mitropoliti arseni aleqsandre I-s moaxsenebs
imis Taobaze, Tu rogor ebrZodnen da aviwrovebdnen mas.
moviyvanT moxsenebidan erT adgils:
mitropolit arsenis moSurne yofila yizlareli mRvdeli
aleqsi petriaSvili. TiTqos dekanoz aleqsis moutyuebia
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II da ruseTidan axladdabrunebuli
arqiepiskoposi varlami (erisTavi), raTa maT saqarTvelos
mTavarsardal general aleqsandre tormasovisa da saqarTvelos
mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis eTxovaT Tbilisis
38
sionis kaTedridan mitropolit arsenis sxva eklesiaSi gadayvana
da mis nacvlad aleqsi petriaSvilis daniSvna (Акты, IV, стр. 142).
amis Semdeg mitropoliti arseni gadadis ciliswamebaze. igi
imperators acnobebs, rom kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m
gaZarcva mcxeTis sveticxovlisa da alaverdis taZrebi da
taZrebidan moparuli nivTebi bazarze iyidebao (Акты, IV, стр. 142).
mitropolitma arsenma arc arqiepiskoposi varlami daindo. igi
imperators werda, rom arqiepiskopos varlams surs waarTvas mas
eparqia (Акты, IV, стр. 142).
mitropoliti arseni imperators sTxovda, Seeswavla aqauri
sasuliero saqmeebi da ar daeSva misi gadayvana sxva eparqiaSi.
mitropoliti imperators Seaxsenebda, rom saqarTveloSi ar iyo
mRvdelmTavris erTi eparqiidan meoreSi gadayvanis tradicia.
aleqsandre I-is gulis mogebis mizniT mitropoliti arseni
imasac dasZenda, rom misi mRvdelmTavrobis dros sionis taZarSi
ruseTis imperatori idideboda, rac SeSurdaT mis mtrebs (Акты,
IV, стр. 142).
mitropoliti arseni imperators sTxovda, dekanoz aleqsi
petriaSvilis, arqiepiskopos varlamis (erisTavis) da
saqarTvelos mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovis mxilebis
mizniT, gamoekvlia yovelive, rac TavisTavad daadasturebda mis
udanaSaulobas (Акты, IV, стр. 142).
mitropolitma arsenma imperators Tavisi azri moaxsena
saeklesio mmarTvelobis reformasTan dakavSirebiT. igi werda,
rom ruseTidan dabrunebulma arqiepiskoposma varlamma
yvelaferi aurdauria. swored arqiepiskoposma varlamma
daiTanxma mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi Tbilisis
eparqiidan mis gadayvanaze, raTa TviTon gamxdariyo eparqiis
mmarTveli ierarqi. arseni daaskvnis: Gemi eparqia TbilisSia,
39
sadac me maqvs gansakuTrebuli sasamarTlo (saeklesio
sasamarTlo); kaTolikos-patriarqis eparqia mcxeTaSia da amitom
mcxeTaSive unda daarsdes sasuliero dikasteriao (Акты, IV, стр.
142).
mitropolitma arsenma kargad uwyoda, rom rusebi kaTolikos-
patriarq anton II-s brals sdebdnen saero xelisuflebis
(saqarTvelos mTavarsardlis) Tanxmobis gareSe mRvdlad
xeldasxmasa da berad aRkvecaSi. amitom iyo, rom imperatoris
winaSe abezRebda anton II-s. mitropoliti arseni werda: qarTlsa
da kaxeTSi kaTolikos-patriarqs mefis nebarTvis gareSe ar
SeeZlo mRvdelmTavrad (mitropolitad, mTavarepiskoposad, epis-
koposad), arqimandritad, iRumenad da mRvdlad xeldasxma.
mitropoliti arseni imperators moaxsenebda, rom anton II
arRvevda am wess (Акты, IV, стр. 142).
Tavis dacvis mizniT mitropoliti arseni aravis ar indobda
da imperatorisaTvis aseTi informaciis miwodebasac ki ar
erideboda. mitropoliti arseni wers: mTavarepiskoposma
varlamma, saqarTvelos mmarTvelma generalma Tevdore
axverdovma da dekanozma aleqsi petriaSvilma daiTanxmes
mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi, raTa me sxva eparqiaSi
gadaveyvaneo. saqarTvelos mmarTvel Tevdore axverdovis
gadabireba TiTqos imiT mouxerxebiaT, rom aleqsi petriaSvilis
SuamavlobiT kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s Tevdore axverdovis
Svili mounaTlavs (Акты, IV, стр. 142).
mitropoliti arseni Tavis moxsenebas kidev erTi dasmeniT
amTavrebs. misi cnobiT, giorgi XII-is Zes, samefos gamgebel
daviTs (1800-1802 ww.) dosiTeoz ficxelaurisaTvis arqimandritoba
uboZebia. mitropoliti arseni aRniSnavda, rom kaTolikos-
patriarqma anton II-m imis gamo, rom daviT batoniSvili misi
40
erTguli iyo, dosiTeoz ficxelaurs ukanonod naboZebi
arqimandritoba ki ar GamoarTva, aramed damatebiT oTxi
arqimandriti dauqvemdebara da urbnisis eparqiac ki Gaabarao
(Акты, IV, стр. 142; eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi,
gv. 40-42).
ruseTis imperatorisaTvis mirTmeuli moxsenebis Semdeg
mitropolitma arsenma 1810 wlis 1 Tebervals daaxloebiT igive
Sinaarsis moxseneba ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-
prokuror aleqsandre golicinsac gaugzavna (Акты, IV, стр. 143).
sadReosod SemorGenili dokumentebi da masalebi ar iZleva
imis saSualebas, zustad dadgindes mitropolit arsenis mier
moyvanili faqtebis siswore. amis miuxedavad cxadia savalalo
realoba: mitropolit arsenis msgavsi adamianebi, saboloo jamSi,
xels uwyobdnen ruseTis saeklesio politikis warmatebas,
romlis mizani iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba.
amjeradac mterma zedmiwevniT kargad gamoiyena qarTvelTa Soris
arsebuli SuRli da dapirispireba.
1809 wlis 2 noembers ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis
ober-prokurorma aleqsandre golicinma saqarTvelos
mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovs acnoba: 1809 wlis 6 ivniss
imperators movaxsene Tqveni da kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is
Suamdgomlobis Taobaze, romelic TbilisSi sasuliero
dikasteriis daarsebas iTvaliswinebs. sasuliero dikasteriis
daarsebasTan dakavSirebiT anton II peterburgSi unda
gaemgzavros, radgan gadasawyvetia bevri sakiTxi, romelTa
garkveva mimoweris gziT gaZneldeba, xolo saqme gaWianurdebao.
aleqsandre golicini aleqsandre tormasovs sTxovda, yovelive
es kaTolikos-patriarqs moaxsene, xolo Sedegi me macnobeo
(Акты, IV, стр. 143).
41
savsebiT gasagebia, Tu ratom iyo dainteresebuli aleqsandre
golicini anton II-is reaqciiT mis peterburgSi gawvevasTan
dakavSirebiT. cxadia, anton II mixvdeboda, rom misi peterburgSi
gawveva avismomaswavebeli iyo. yvelafers rom Tavi davaneboT,
kaTolikos-patriarqs xom kargad emaxsovreboda qarTl-kaxeTis
samefos gauqmebis Semdeg peterburgSi samefo saxlis wevrebis _
dedoflebisa da batoniSvilebis _ gawvevis istoria. isini
ruseTSi sapatio tyveebis rangSi aRmoGndnen.
anton II-m, mas Semdeg rac aleqsandre tormasovma imperator
aleqsandre I-is neba auwya, 1810 wlis 7 ianvars werili gaugzavna
saqarTvelos mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovs. anton II
werda, rom aRtacebuli iyo imperatoris xilvis SesaZleblobiT,
Tumca mis survils asruleba ar ewera. kaTolikos-patriarqi
saqarTvelos mmarTvels auwyebda, rom wina wels gadatanili xan-
grZlivi avadmyofobis gamo Zalze dasustebuli iyo da ar
SeeZlo Sor manZilze mgzavroba. anton II Tevdore axverdovs
acnobebda, rom Seqmnili viTarebis gamo man gadawyvita,
peterburgSi gaegzavna ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis wevri
arqiepiskoposi varlami da arqimandriti dosiTeozi, romelTac
eqnebodaT saWiro informacia da amave dros SeeZloT azri
gamoeTqvaT yvela sakiTxze (Акты, IV, стр. 141; eldar
bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 44).
garkveuli periodis Semdeg TbilisSi cnobili gaxda
Tbileli mitropolit arsenis mier ruseTis imperator
aleqsandre I-Tvis 1809 wlis 20 agvistos gagzavnili moxsenebis
(saGivris) Sinaarsi. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m garkveuli
RonisZiebani gaatara Tbileli mitropolitis mxilebis mizniT.
1810 wlis 22 ianvars saqarTvelos mTavarsardal aleqsandre
tormasovs TxovniT mimarTes Tbilisis qaSveTis wm. giorgis
42
eklesiis winamZRvarma dekanozma petrem da mRvdelma pavlem. xse-
nebuli dokumentidan dgindeba: 1) Tbilel mitropolitad arseni
jer kidev qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebamde yofila
xeldasxmuli. misi sasuliero karieris warmatebaSi gadamwyveti
roli SeusrulebiaT erekle II-sa da giorgi XII-s; 2)
mitropoliti arseni Tavdapirvelad keTilmsaxuri yofila,
magram SemdgomSi mRvdelmTavrisaTvis Seuferebeli qmedebebi
Gaudenia. giorgi XII-is sicocxleSi mitropoliti arseni, ase Tu
ise, Tavs ikavebda. mefis sikvdilis Semdeg yovelgvar zRvars ga-
dascda. mTavarsardal pavle cicianovis mxardaWeriT ga-
Tamamebuli mRvdelmTavari joxiT scemda da lanZRavda
RvTismsaxurebs, adebda maT sxvadasxva sastik sasjels, ar
erideboda sxeulis dazianebasac ki. usamarTlod da sastikad
dasjilTa Soris iyvnen dekanozi petre da mRvdeli pavle; 3)
qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesias im droisaTvis 5 duqani hqonia,
duqnebidan miRebul Semosavals eklesiis saWiroebisaTvis
iyenebdnen (am droisaTvis qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesia Zlier da-
zianebuli iyo); 4) 1804 wlis ianvridan mitropolit arsens qaSve-
Tis wm. giorgis eklesiis Semosavlis didi nawili miuTvisebia da
dangrevis piras misuli eklesia usaxsrod dautovebia; 5) dekanoz
petresa da mRvdel pavles mTavarsardal pavle cicianovis
sikvdilis Semdeg saqarTvelos mmarTvelTan uGivliaT.
saqarTvelos martvelobidan kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tvis
uTxoviaT saqmis gamoZieba da samarTliani msjavris gamotana.
rogorc Gans, anton II-m an saqmis gamoZieba ver moaxerxa, an
msjavris gamotana, magram mitropolitma arsenma ganaGeni ar
scno. dekanozi petre da mRvdeli pavle iZulebuli gamxdaran
aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis miemarTaT TxovniT (Акты, IV, стр.
145).
43
mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovTan, rogorc Gans,
mitropolit arsens sxvebmac uGivles, ris gamoc generali
iZulebuli gaxda, gadamWreli zomebi mieRo. mitropoliti arseni
saeklesio sasamarTlos unda gaesamarTlebina. sasamarTlo Sedga
1810 wlis 7 Tebervals. saeklesio sasamarTlom kaTalikos-
patriarq anton II-s moxseneba gaugzavna. am dokumentis qarTuli
dedani mikvleuli ar aris, rusul Targmans aqvs SeniSvna, rom
dedans xels awerdnen mitropolitebi da arqimandritebi,
konkretulad vin, rusuli Targmanidan ar Gans (Акты, IV, стр. 145-
146).
saeklesio sasamarTlos moxsenebidan dgindeba: 1) saeklesio
sasamarTlos ganGineba gamoutania mitropolit arsenis saqmeze,
romelic mitropolits ar ucvnia da Tavis mxriv saeklesio
sasamarTlosaTvis mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovTan
uGivlia. 2) aleqsandre tormasovs mitropolit arsenis saGivari
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tvis gadaugzavnia, am ukanasknels
ki saeklesio sasamarTlosaTvis gadaucia gansaxilvelad (Акты,
IV, стр. 145).
saeklesio sasamarTlos moxseneba saintereso dokumentia,
amitom SevecdebiT misi Sinaarsi srulad moviyvanoT. kerZod,
dokumentidan dgindeba:
pirveli. mitropoliti arseni amtkicebda, rom sasamarTloze
igi galanZRes, ar misces moTxovnebis werilobiTi wardgenis
ufleba, ris gamoc iZulebuli gaxda zepiri gamosvliT
dakmayofilebuliyo.
meore. sinamdvileSi sasamarTlos dawyebamde mitropolit
arsens iRumen aTanases da dekanoz dimitris xeliT gaugzavnes
mis mier Gadenili qmedebebis GamonaTvali 7 punqtad da
mosTxoves werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba.
44
mesame. mitropolitma arsenma werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba ar
warmoadgina. mis mier sasamarTlosaTvis gagzavnil werilSi
aRniSnuli iyo, rom 7 punqtiani GamonaTvalidan man ver gaigo, vin
uGioda.
meoTxe. mitropolit arsenis pasuxis miRebis Semdeg sa-
samarTlom masTan gagzavna iRumeni aTanase da dekanozi dimitri,
romelTac davalebuli hqondaT, yvela gaugebari sakiTxi
ganemartaT mitropolitisaTvis.
mexuTe. mitropolitma arsenma amjerad ganacxada, rom
waikiTxavda 7 punqtian GamonaTvals da pasuxs gascemda
sasamarTlosaTvis saintereso kiTxvebs. danapirebi mitropolits
ar Seusrulebia.
meeqvse. sasamarTlom mitropolit arsenTan axsna-ganmartebis
micemis moTxovniT gagzavna mitropoliti gervasi or
arqimandritTan erTad, aseve iRumeni aTanase da dekanozi
dimitri. mitropolitma arsenma axsna-ganmarteba arc amjerad
misca.
meSvide. ramdenime dRis Semdeg sasamarTlom, arsebuli wesis
mixedviT, mitropolit arsenTan gagzavna ori mitropoliti _
stefane ninowmindeli da gervasi wilkneli. mitropolitma
arsenma axsna-ganmarteba arc amjerad misca da ganacxada:
sasamarTloSi gamovcxaddebi, rogorc ki momiwvevTo. miuxedavad
dapirebisa, mitropoliti arc sasamarTloSi gamocxadebula da
arc werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba warudgenia.
merve. bolos, arsebuli wesis Tanaxmad, sasamartlom
mitropolit arsenTan gagzavna mitropolitebi stefane da
gervasi or arqimandritTan erTad, romelTac Tan waiRes wmida
mociqulTa kanonebi da msoflios Svidi saeklesio krebis mier
45
miRebuli kanonebi, romelTa mixedviT mitropolit arsenis
danaSauli damtkicebulad iTvleboda.
mecxre. mitropolitma arsenma, rogorc ki Seityo, rom masTan
midioda ori mitropoliti or arqimandritTan erTad, Tavisi
kaci Seageba maT da auwya, rom uwmidesi (igulisxmeba kaTolikos-
patriarqi anton II _ v. g.) ar iyo misi uzenaesi saeklesio
xelisufali da rezidenciaSi Gaiketa. mitropolitebi da
arqimandritebi ukan gabrundnen.
meaTe. saeklesio sasamarTlom mitropolit arsenis sakiTxi
msjavris gamosatanad kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s gadasca
(Акты, IV, стр. 145-146).
zemoT aRvniSneT, rom kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m
avadmyofobiT gamowveuli fizikuri sisustis momizezebiT 1810
wlis 7 ianvars saqarTvelos mmarTvel general Tevdore
axverdovs acnoba, rom peterburgSi ver gaemgzavreboda.
saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma aleqsandre tormasovma, rogorc
Gans, anton II sabolood mainc ver daiTanxma da 1810 wlis 12
Tebervals ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror
aleqsandre golicins acnoba: kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II
peterburgSi ver miemgzavreba, mis nacvlad, anton II-is Tanxmo-
biT, igzavnebian arqiepiskoposi varlami da arqimandriti
dosiTeozi, romelTac anton II-gan aqvT yvela rwmuneba, aseve
saWiro masala, raTa molaparakeba awarmoon TbilisSi sasuliero
dikasteriis daarsebis Taobaze (Акты, IV, стр. 146).
aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins auwyebda
TbilisSi mitropolit arsenis garSemo datrialebul ambebs _
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-isa da Tbilel mitropolit arsenis
momxreTa Soris dawyebuli dapirispirebis zogierT sayuradRebo
detals. kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tan dapirispirebul mitro-
46
polit arsens aleqsandre tormasovisTvis miumarTavs Semdegi
TxovniT: sionis sakaTedro taZris mTeli Semosavali (al.
tormasovis gamoTvliT weliwadSi 3000 maneTi _ v. g.)
sapatriarqos ki ar gadaeces, aramed saqarTvelos SemosavlebSi
(e. i. qarTl-kaxeTis rusuli administraciis SemosavlebSi)
Gairicxos, saidanac mitropolit arsens unda mieRo misi
mdgomareobis Sesaferisi sarGo (Акты, IV, стр. 146). aleqsandre
tormasovi aleqsandre golicins auwyebda erTi skandaluri faq-
tis Taobaze. 1809 wlis 12 dekembers, imperator aleqsandre I-is
dabadebis dRes, saRvTo liturgiis dros, mitropolitma arsenma
sionis taZris sakurTxevlidan mRvdelmTavrisaTvis Seuferebeli
lanZRviT gaaZeva dekanozi aleqsi petriaSvili da lanZRviTve
moixsenia arqiepiskoposi varlami (erisTavi). Seuracxyofil
aleqsi petriaSvils aleqsandre tormasovTan uGivlia, xolo am
ukanasknels saqme gansaxilvelad da msjavris gamosatanad
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tvis gadaugzavnia. saqmis
dasrulebamde Seuracxyofil aleqsi petriaSvils mitropolit
arsenis winaaRmdeg kidev ramdenime sasuliero piri aumxedrebia,
romelTac aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis aseve saGivrebi
miurTmeviaT. male aleqsandre tormasovs anton II-gan miuRia
saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGineba, romelic mitropolit arsenis
Tbilisis eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrobidan gadayenebas
iTvaliswinebda (Акты, IV, стр. 147; eldar bubulaSvili.
dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 46-47). aleqsandre tormasovs ruseTis
erTguli msaxuris mitropolit arsenis bolomde gawirvisagan
Tavi Seukavebia da anton II-Tvis uTxovia: mitropoliti arseni
damnaSave kia, magram pativi eciT mis mRvdelmTavrul Rirsebas
da sxva raime sasjeli moifiqreTo. aleqsandre tormasovi anton
II-gan pasuxis molodinSi iyo, roca mitropolitma arsenma mas
47
saGivari miarTva _ arseni saeklesio sasamarTlos uGioda (Акты,
IV, стр. 147). aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins werda:
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s vTxove, mitropolit arsenis saqme
dawvrilebiT Seiswavlos da saboloo ganGinebis Taobaze macno-
bos. uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors saqarTvelos mTa-
varsardali imasac auwyebda, rom anton II-is ganGinebas igi
imperators warudgenda (Акты, IV, стр. 147).
ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuroris
aleqsandre golicinisadmi gagzavnil werilSi saqarTvelos
mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi daskvnis saxiT aRniSnavs:
pirveli. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II iSviaTi Tvisebebis
mqone adamiania, romelic yvelasagan pativiscemas imsaxurebs
(„глава духовенства католикос-патриарх Антоний, сыт царя Ираклия, по
всей справедливости особа редких свойств и правил, общественно
уважаемая“).
meore. avadmyofobisagan dasustebuli anton II moeqca ficxi
da moSurne RvTismsaxurTa gavlenis qveS da irwmuna Tbilel
mitropolit arsenis mabezReblebis saGivrebisa.
mesame. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II cdilobs SeinarGunos
saeklesio Semosavlebi.
meoTxe. anton II iZulebulia aRiaros, rom is RvTismsaxurebi,
vinc mitropolit arsens uGivla, TviTon ver asruleben TavianT
movaleobas, ar ufrTxildebian saeklesio Semosavals. saerTod
mTeli samRvdeloeba arakeTilsindisierad sargeblobs saeklesio
SemosavlebiT.
mexuTe. qarTveli samRvdeloeba ver asrulebs masze da-
kisrebul movaleobas, radgan bevri maTgani daumsaxureblad aris
xeldasxmuli da aRkvecili. samRvdeloebas, iseve rogorc aqaur
xalxs (e. i. qarTvelebs _ v. g.), aqvs momxveWelobisaken
48
miswrafeba. isini eswrafvian ara eklesiis Semosavlebis gazrdas,
aramed pirad gamdidrebas.
meeqvse. berad aRikvecebian iseTi adamianebi, romelTac
beruli cxovrebis arc survili da arc miswrafeba ar gaaGniaT.
aRkvecis Semdeg maT xeli miuwvdebaT saeklesio Semosavalze da
Sansic eZlevaT umaRles saeklesio ierarqiaSi daikavon adgili
(Акты, IV, стр. 147).
werilis bolos aleqsandre tormasovi svams kiTxvas: aseTi
samRvdeloeba SeiZleba gaxdes gaunaTlebeli xalxisaTvis
magaliTis mimcemi? eqneba Sesaferisi Sedegi aseTi samRvdeloebis
moRvaweobas gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca upirvelesi
mRvdelmTavrebi Seurigeblobisa da uwesobis magaliTs iZlevian?
(Акты, IV, стр. 147).
male saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma aleqsandre
tormasovma miiRo ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-
prokuroris aleqsandre golicinis werili, romelic 1810 wlis
25 TebervliT iyo daTariRebuli. aleqsandre golicini generals
acnobebda, rom man imperator aleqsandre I-s moaxsena
peterburgSi kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is gamgzavrebis
Semaferxebel garemoebaTa Sesaxeb. imperators ubrZanebia:
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II peterburgSi maSin gaemgzavros,
rodesac gamojanmrTeldebao, xolo sasuliero dikasteriis
Seqmnis sakiTxis ganxilva droebiT SeGerdeso (Акты, IV, стр. 148;
eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 45). es imis
momaswavebeli iyo, rom ruseTis saimperatoro kari principulad
iTxovda anton II-is ruseTSi gamgzavrebas da yovelgvar
ukandasaxev gzas uWrida kaTolikos-patriarqs.
1810 wlis gazafxulisaTvis umaRles saeklesio ierarqiaSi
mdgomareoba ukiduresad daiZaba. Tbilel mitropolit arsenis
49
saqmem naTlad warmoaGina qarTvel samRvdeloebaSi arsebuli
bevri winaaRmdegoba. aleqsandre tormasovi Tavs izRvevda da
peterburgs periodulad dawvrilebiT ayenebda saqmis kursSi. 1810
wlis 16 marts aleqsandre tormasovma uwmidesi sinodis ober-
prokuror aleqsandre golicins acnoba Semdegi:
1. kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s movTxove, daaGqaros
mitropolit arsenis saqmis gamoZieba da misi saeklesio
sasamarTloSi ganxilva.
2. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m gamomigzavna mitropolit
arsenis saqmis Ziebis masalebi, aseve saeklesio sasamarTlos
ganGineba, romelic Sedgenilia oTxi mitropolitis,
mTavarepiskoposisa da oTxi arqimandritis mier. saeklesio
sasamarTlom Tbileli mitropoliti arseni damnaSaved scno da
gadaayena igi Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan. arseni
ganyenebuli iqna mRvdelmsaxurebidan, igi unda gaemgzavros kaTo-
likos-patriarqis mier SerGeul erT-erT monasterSi. anton II
mTlianad daeTanxma saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGinebas da
mommarTa TxovniT, raTa ganGineba dasamtkiceblad warvudgino
imperators (Акты, IV, стр. 148).
3. kaTolikos-patriarqma macnoba, rom masTan Sedis saGivrebi
mitropolit arsenis mier sionis sakaTedro taZris Semosavlis
ukanonod miTvisebis Taobaze da mTxova, davexmaro Semosavlebis
dacvaSi, kerZod, Semosavlebis aRricxva davavalo sando pirs.
4. aleqsandre tormasovs anton II-Tvis urGevia, rom es sakiTxi
mas Tavisi RvTismsaxurebis daxmarebiT moegvarebina. anton II-s es
rGeva Seuwynarebia da Seuqmnia sionis taZris Semosavlebis
aRmricxveli komisia taZris dekanoz ioseb miqaZis
xelmZRvanelobiT (Акты, IV, стр. 148).
50
werilis bolos aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins
acnobebda, rom igi Tavis movaleobad ar miiGnevda sionis taZris
Semosavlebis aRricxvas, magram sakiTxi imdenad gamwvavebula,
rom aleqsandre tormasovi iZulebuli gamxdara saqarTvelos
mmarTvelisaTvis, general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis, eTxova
Gareuliyo am saqmeSi (Акты, IV, стр. 148).
1810 wlis 15 marts kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m weriliT
mimarTa saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general aleqsandre
tormasovs. werilSi dawvrilebiTaa aRwerili Tbilel
mitropolit arsenis mier mRvdelmTavrisaTvis Seuferebeli
qmedebebi. anton II aleqsandre tormasovs sTxovda,
eSuamdgomlebina imperatorTan mitropolit arsenis
mRvdelmTavrobidan gadayenebisa da misTvis mRvdelmsaxurebis
SeGerebis Taobaze (Акты, IV, стр. 149). anton II-m aleqsandre
tormasovs aseve gaugzavna mis mier damtkicebuli saeklesio
sasamarTlos ganGineba mitropolit arsenis saqmesTan
dakavSirebiT. ganGineba anton II-s 1810 wlis 16 marts
daumtkicebia (Акты, IV, стр. 149). dokumenti sainteresoa imiT,
anton II Tavis Tavs ixseniebs, rogorc sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqs („Мы, всея Грузии католикос-патриарх Антоный“)
(Акты, IV, стр. 149). marTalia, dokumentis qarTuli dedani
mikvleuli ar aris, magram saeWvoa, rom TargmanSi anton II-is
titulatura SeecvalaT. saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGinebaSi
aRniSnulia, rom mitropolit arsens droebiT SeuGerda
mRvdelmsaxurebis ufleba (Акты, IV, стр. 149).
mitropoliti arseni danebebas ar apirebda da saqarTvelos
mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovTan uGioda anton II-sa da
saeklesio sasamarTlos. 1810 wlis 3 aprils aleqsandre
tormasovma mitropolit arsenis ori werili (1810 wlis 16
51
martiT da 30 martiT daTariRebuli) ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi
sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre golicins gadaugzavna (Акты,
IV, стр. 150-151). aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins
werda, rom igi sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi monawileobas ar miiRebda,
Tumca survili hqonda erTi SeniSvna gaekeTebina: mitropolit
arsenis mtkiceba, rom misi mRvdelmsaxurebis dros sionis
sakaTedro taZari aRorZinda da gamSvenierda, sinamdviles ar
Seefereboda. generali aRniSnavda, rom Tbilisis sionis taZari
gamorGeulia saqarTveloSi. taZris restavracia ganaxorciela sa-
qarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma pavle cicianovma, xolo
taZris mosarTavad imperatoris brZanebiT gamoiyo Tanxa.
aleqsandre tormasovi usamarTlod miiGnevda mitropolit
arsenis mier sxvisi damsaxurebis miTvisebas (Акты, IV, стр. 150).
mZime mdgomareobaSi myof kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s
saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma aleqsandre tormasovma
1810 wlis 3 Tebervals werili gaugzavna. werili
avismomaswavebeli iyo. misi Sinaarsi aseTia:
1. ruseTSi arsebuli wesis mixedviT, iq, sadac armiis mTa-
varsardlis an general-gubernatoris mTavari rezidenciaa, unda
iyos eklesia da mimdinareobdes RvTismsaxureba.
2. Gem mier eklesiad SerGeuli iqna qaSveTis wm. giorgis
eklesia.
3. amieridan qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi RvTismsaxureba
rusul enaze unda warmoebdes, xolo eklesiaSi rusi
samRvdeloeba unda msaxurebdes.
4. im dReebSi, roca qaSveTis eklesiaSi rus samRvdeloebas ar
eqneba msaxureba, SeiZleba qarTvelma samRvdeloebam qarTul
enaze warmarTos msaxureba.
52
5. qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis dekanozma petrem da
mRvdelma pavlem iTxoves eklesiaSi imsaxuron yovel dRe, maT
Soris kvira dResac da sauflo dReebSiac, radgan Semosavals
kargaven.
6. qaSveTis eklesiaSi axladSemoRebuli wesis Secvla ar
SeiZleba, magram eklesiis moZRvrebi rom ar dazaraldnen,
sapatriarqom maT sxva ram sarGo gauGinos (Акты, IV, стр. 151;
eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 52).
1810 wlis 25 maiss kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m upasuxa
aleqsandre tormasovis 1810 wlis 3 aprilis werils. werilidan
irkveva, rom Tbilisis qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis dekanoz
petres da mRvdel pavles aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis
miurTmeviaT Txovna, romelic qaSveTis eklesiaSi rusi
samRvdeloebis mier RvTismsaxurebis aRsrulebas exeboda.
kerZod, qarTveli moZRvrebi SeuZleblad miiGnevdnen uqme da
sauflo dReebSi RvTismsaxurebis mxolod rusul enaze aRsru-
lebas. amasTan dakavSirebiT anton II aleqsandre tormasovs ase
pirobebs sTavazobda:
1. uqme da sauflo dReebSi qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi
imsaxurebs rusi samRvdeloeba, msaxureba aResruleba rusul
enaze. uqme da sauflo dReebis garda qaSveTis wm. giorgis
eklesiaSi imsaxurebs qarTveli samRvdeloeba, msaxureba
aResruleba qarTul enaze. meoTxe aTeulSi, kvira dReebis
gamoklebiT, rusi da qarTveli samRvdeloeba imsaxurebs
morigeobiT TiTo kviris ganmavlobaSi _ pirvel kviraSi
msaxureba aResruleba rusul enaze, meore kviraSi _ qarTul
enaze.
2. sanTlebis gayidvisagan miRebuli Semosavali ekuTvnis
qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesias. rusul enaze msaxurebisaTvis
53
daniSnulia ruseTis armiis samxedro moZRvari. misi msaxurebis
dRes eklesiaSi gaiyideba samxedro eklesiis sanTlebi da
Semosavalic samxedro eklesiisa iqneba. yvela danarGen dReebSi
gayiduli sanTlebis Semosavali qaSveTis eklesiisa.
3. qarTveli samRvdeloebis Semosavali ar gaunawildeba rus
samRvdeloebas, iseve rogorc qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis
Semosavali ar gaunawildeba samxedro eklesias.
4. qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis qoneba ekuTvnis mxolod am
eklesias. es qoneba rGeba dekanoz petresa da mRvdel pavles
gamgeblobaSi, maTTanve inaxeba eklesiis gasaRebi. rus
samRvdeloebas ar aqvs ufleba, Tan waiRos eklesiis gasaRebi.
5. radgan dekanozi petre da mRvdeli pavle uqme da sauflo
dReebSi veRar imsaxureben, maT daakldebaT Semosavali. maT es
danaklisi aunazRaurdeT eklesiis kuTvnili duqnebis
Semosavlidan (Акты, IV, стр. 151).
aleqsandre tormasovma ar miiRo anton II-s pi- ro-
bebi.
ruseTis saimperatoro kari aRar apirebda, kidev gadaedo
kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavreba.
saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali aleqsandre tormasovi
ukve aSkarad agrZnobinebda anton II-s, rom metis daxaneba aRar
SeiZleboda. 1810 wlis 8 ivniss anton II-m aleqsandre tormasovs
acnoba: janmrTeloba peterburgSi gamgzavrebis saSualebas
maZlevso. generals maSinve gaucia Sesabamisi gankargulebani
mgzavrobis momzadebasTan dakavSirebiT da Tan anton II-is
gadawyvetilebis Taobaze saqmis kursSi Gauyenebia peterburgi
(Акты, IV, стр. 152). mogvianebiT anton II-s
gadawyvetileba Seucvlia da saqarTvelos mmarTvelis meSveobiT
aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis ucnobebia: peterburgSi agvistos
54
bolos gavemgzavrebio. gamgzavrebis gadadebas anton II Zlieri
sicxeebiT xsnida (Акты, IV, стр. 152). aleqsandre tormasovi uxer-
xul mdgomareobaSi Gavarda. 1810 wlis 12 ivliss generali
kaTolikos-patriarqs werda: me ver gavbedavdi TqvenTvis merGia
zafxulis Zlier sicxeSi gamgzavreba, magram
gasaTvaliswinebelia is, rom Tqven GrdiloeTSi miemgzavrebiTo
(Акты, IV, стр. 152). es imas niSnavda, rom generali mgzavrobis
gadadebis mizezs seriozulad ar miiGnevda. werilis bolos
aleqsandre tormasovi dasZenda: peterburgSi gamgzavrebis dro
Tqven unda SearGioT, Gems rGevas ki Zaldatanebad nu miiGnevTo
(Акты, IV, стр. 152). yovelive zemoT Tqmuls Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,
SeiZleba davaskvnaT: kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is peterburgSi
gamgzavreba didi xniT veRar gadaideboda. ruseTis saimperatoro
kari anton II-s Zalas mxolod imitom ar atanda, rom
gamgzavrebis ramdenime TviT gadadeba xels ar uSlida ruseTis
koloniuri politikis realizebas.
mitropolit arsenis saqmis Ziebis procesSi ramdenjerme
wamotivtivda saeklesio Semosavlebis uyairaTod xarjvis
sakiTxi. saeklesio Semosavlebis dadgena jer kidev saqarTvelos
mTavarsardalma generalma pavle cicianovma scada. Semosavlebis
sakiTxiT aleqsandre tormasovic seriozulad iyo
dainteresebuli. saeklesio Semosavlebis dadgenas iTxovda
ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodi. miuxedavad amisa,
Semosavlebis aRricxvis saqmeSi saWiro wesrigi mainc ver
damyarda. 1810 wlis 2 ivliss aleqsandre tormasovma saeklesio
Semosavlebis sakiTxis garkveva saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis
prokuror plaxotins daavala. 1810 wlis 23 ivliss prokurorma
aleqsandre tormasovs moxseneba warudgina, romlis Sinaarsi
aseTia:
55
pirveli. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m rusuli mmarT-
velobis damyarebis Semdeg da, konkretulad, misi peterburgSi
gamgzavrebis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miRebis Semdegac ki
sxvadasxva wodebis adamianebs uboZa monastrebisa da eklesiebis
kuTvnili miwebi. monastrebisa da eklesiebis miwebis boZebas
anton II mefobis gauqmebamde marto ver wyvetda. kaTolikos-
patriarqi erT arSin miwasac ki ver gascemda mefis Tanxmobis
gareSe.
meore. kaTolikos-patriarqis mier miwebis boZebis da gayidvis
akrZalva scada mTavarsardalma pavle cicianovma, romelmac amis
Taobaze 1805 wlis 5 Tebervals sagangebo brZaneba gamosca.
mesame. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m pasuxismgebloba aiRo,
daefara misi naTesavis, Tavad estate ciciSvilis vali _ 80.000
vercxlis maneTi. am valis, iseve rogorc misi Zmebis valebis,
saxelmwifo xazinidan dasafarad anton II apirebs TxovniT
mimarTos imperators (Акты, IV, стр. 152).
prokuror plaxotins daudgenia: a) anton II-is mier sxvadasxva
adamianebze gaGuqebuli uZravi da moZravi qoneba da mflobeli,
b) anton II-is mier naTesavebis valebze aRebuli pasuxismgebloba,
valebis raodenoba da mevaleebi. prokuroris mier Sedgenil
GamonaTvalSi samocdasami punqtia (Акты, IV, стр. 153-154). moviyvanT
ramdenime magaliTs:
1. Tavad daviT maRalaSvils mudmiv (memkvidreobiT) sakuT-
rebaSi eboZa mcxeTis monastris kuTvnili sofeli _ xatis
sofeli.
2. memamule nikoloz elioziSvils eboZa monastris kuTvnili
xiTariZeebis komli baRiT da saxnaviT.
3. glex ninias (xuros) eboZa TbilisSi mcxeTis monastris
kuTvnili upatronod darGenili saxli.
56
4. patriarqis msaxur Salvas sofel tirZnisSi eboZa
monastris kuTvnili saxnavi, baRi da saxli.
5. urbnisis monastris winamZRvari arqimandriti dosiTeozi,
urbnisis monastris garda, dadgenili iqna kidev 5 monastris
winamZRvrad.
6. rusTvel mTavarepiskoposs eboZa ninowmindis eparqia (Акты,
IV, стр. 153-154).
aleqsandre tormasovma prokuror plaxotinis 1810 wlis 23
ivlisis moxseneba imave wlis 25 ivliss gadaugzavna saqarTvelos
mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovs. aleqsandre tormasovi
Tevdore axverdovs avalebda, rom ukanonod gasxvisebuli
saeklesio qoneba daebrunebina eklesiisaTvis. am mizniT
aucilebeli iyo: 1) sajarod gamoecxadebinaT, rom saeklesio
qonebis giraoSi dadeba ukanonoa, 2) sajarod gamoecxadebinaT,
rom saeklesio qonebis boZebis Taobaze gacemuli sigelebi
baTilia. saqarTvelos mTavarsardali saqarTvelos mmarTvels
mTeli kategoriulobiT ucxadebda: me laSqrobaSi mivdivar (am
dros ruseT-iranisa da ruseT-osmaleTis omebi mimdinareobda _
v. g.) da mTel pasuxismgeblobas saeklesio qonebis droulad
dabrunebaze Tqven gakisrebTo (Акты, IV, стр. 154). bolos
aleqsandre tormasovi Tevdore axverdovs kidev erT davalebas
aZlevda: kaTolikos-patriarqi peterburgSi miemgzavreba, amitom
gafrTxilebT, saeklesio da samonastro mamulebTan
dakavSirebuli yvela masala Tan waiRos, raTa Semdgom dro ar
daikargos am masalis Tbilisidan peterburgSi gadagzavnisTviso
(Акты, IV, стр. 154).
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II saeklesio qonebas, kerZod,
eklesiebisa da monastrebis mamulebs, mxolod erTi mizniT
uboZebda sxvadasxva wodebis adamianebs. anton II-m kargad uwyoda,
57
rom axlovdeboda mcxeTis sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi
samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis dro. avtokefaliis
gauqmebis Semdeg saeklesio qoneba, maT Soris eklesiebisa da mo-
nastrebis mamulebi, ruseTis eklesiis mflobelobaSi ga-
davidoda. kaTolikos-patriarqs surda, eklesiis kuTvnili
mamulebis rac SeiZleba didi nawili qarTvelebs darGenodaT.
cxadia, ruseTis saimperatoro kari da ruseTis eklesiis
uwmidesi sinodi amas ar dauSvebdnen. amitom iyo, rom
saqarTvelos mTvarsardali generali aleqsandre tormasovi
mTeli kategoriulobiT avalebda saqarTvelos mmarTvel general
Tevdore axverdovs, baTilad ecno anton II-is mier gacemuli yve-
la sigeli saeklesio qonebis, gansakuTrebiT eklesiebisa da
monastrebis mamulebis, vinmeze gasxvisebis Taobaze da amave
dros aekrZala eklesiis kuTvnili mamulebis giraoSi dadeba.
anton II-m rusuli mmarTvelobis damyarebis Semdeg, sa-
qarTvelos mTavarsardlebis kategoriuli moTxovnebis
miuxedavad, ar SeaGera mRvdlad, iRumenad da arqimandritad
xeldasxma. kaTolikos-patriarqi, cxadia, imasac grZnobda, rom
avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg mRvdlad, iRumenad da
arqimandritad qarTvelTa xeldasxma SeizRudeboda. anton II
cdilobda avtokefaliis gauqmebis droisaTvis rac SeiZleba meti
qarTveli RvTismsaxuri yofiliyo eklesiebsa da monastrebSi.
aleqsandre tormasovi cdilobda, rogorme daeGqarebina anton
II-is peterburgSi gamgzavreba, Gqarobdnen saimperatoro karzec
da uwmides sinodSic. 1810 wlis 29 ivliss saqarTvelos
mTavarsardali uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre
golicins moaxsenebda: anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavrebis
xarjebi (5.000 maneTi) ukve gamovyavio. amave dros aleqsandre
tormasovi ober-prokurors sTxovda, gaego imperatoris azri
58
kaTolikos-patriarqis naTesavebis mier aRebuli valebis
saxelmwifo xazinidan dafarvis Taobaze, romelzec
pasuxismgebloba anton II-s hqonda nakisri (Акты, IV, стр. 155).
moulodnelad kaTolikos-patriarqis peterburgSi gamgzavreba
Seferxda. mizezi seriozuli iyo. 1810 wlis 20 agvistos
generalma aleqsandre tormasovma saqarTvelos mmarTvel
general Tevdore axverdovs SemaSfoTebeli ambavi auwya.
saqarTvelos mTavarsardali werda:
1. levan batoniSvilma oseTidan Tavisi kacebi gagzavna aragvis
xeobaSi, raTa ruseTSi mimavali kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II
gaitacon.
2. Seqmnili viTarebidan gamomdinare, Tevdore axverdovs
ganuwyvetliv unda edevnebina Tvalyuri kaTolikos-patriarqis
garemocvisaTvis da TviT anton II-Tvis.
3. kaTolikos-patriarqis gamgzavreba ramdenime xniT gadaidos,
radgan aucilebelia misi Tanmxlebi (gamcilebeli) Zlieri
razmis gamoyofa.
4. Tu kaTolikos-patriarqi moiTxovs gamgzavrebis daGqarebas,
amiT is daadasturebs, rom moqmedebs levan batoniSvilTan
SeTanxmebiT.
5. kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis unda ecnobebinaT, rom
gamgzavrebamde aucilebeli iyo kacis gagzavna da Tbilisidan
mozdokamde mTel gzaze winaswar Tadarigis daWera (cxenebis
momzadeba), aseve gamcilebelTa Zlieri razmis momzadeba.
yovelive amas garkveuli dro dasWirdeboda. gamgzavreba
SesaZlebeli iqneboda mas Semdeg, rac Tbilisidan gagzavnili
kaci dabrundeboda, anu daaxloebiT erTi kviris Semdeg.
6. aragvis xeobis osebSi, da saerTod mTianeTSi, unda
gaigzavnos kacebi da dadgindes, marTala iyvnen Tu ara Gamosuli
59
levan batoniSvilis kacebi, rogor Sexvdnen maT da SeiZleba Tu
ara levan batoniSvilis kacebis Sepyroba (Акты, IV, стр. 155-156).
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is garSemo viTareba sul ufro
iZabeboda. 1810 wlis 27 agvistos saqarTvelos mmarTvelma
Tevdore axverdovma aleqsandre tormasovs werili gaugzavna.
werilidan irkveva:
1. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m daapatimrebina da
sapyrobileSi Gaasmevina beri serapioni. bers braldebad wauyenes
kaTolikos-patriarqis dasmena, TiTqos anton II-m monawileoba
miiRo TbilisSi patimrobaSi myofi imereTis mefis solomon II-is
gaqcevis organizebaSi.
2. serapion berTan erTad kaTolikos-patriarqi dausmenia
arqimandrit dionises.
3. Tevdore axverdovs kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis uTxovia,
dasmenisaTvis ar mieqcia seriozuli yuradReba.
4. kaTolikos-patriarqi dainteresebulia, Zirfesvianad
gamoiZios yvelaferi da ganzraxuli aqvs, serapion beris saqme
gadasces saeklesio sasamarTlos.
5. anton II serapion beris dakiTxvas imitom iTxovs, rom
eWvobs, damsmenebis ukan mitropoliti arseni xom ar dgas.
6. anton II arqimandrit dionises dasmenam imdenad SeaZrwuna,
rom cremlebi ver Seikava (Акты, IV, стр. 156).
saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis prokuror plaxotinis 1810
wlis 23 ivlisis moxsenebis Sinaarsi cnobili gaxda kaTolikos-
patriarq anton II-Tvis. 1810 wlis 16 seqtembers anton II
aleqsandre tormasovs werda, rom prokurori cru dasmenebs
emyareboda. Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqi wers, rom saeklesio
mamulebis boZebisas igi xelmZRvanelobda im wesiT, romelic
saqarTveloSi 1400 welia arsebobs. bolos anton II dasZenda, rom
60
mas aleqsandre I-ma uboZa `umaRlesi werili~ („Высочайшее
письмо“), romelic adasturebda, rom kaTolikos-patriarqi
rGeboda Zvel uflebebSi (Акты, IV, стр. 157). anton II-m aleqsandre
tormasovisadmi gagzavnil werils Tan daurTo asli aleqsandre
I-is mier boZebuli dokumentisa. es dokumenti asea
dasaTaurebuli: „Высочайшая грамота католикосу Антонию, от 31-го
декабря 1801 года. – С.-Петербург.“ `umaRlesi sigeli~ marTlac adas-
turebda, rom kaTolikos-patriarqi Zvel uflebebSi rGeboda da
misi iurisdiqcia ar izRudeboda (Акты, IV, стр. 157).
saeklesio qonebis sakiTxi aqtualobas ar kargavda. 1810 wlis
25 seqtembers aleqsandre tormasovs peterburgidan acnobes, rom
sapatriarqos Semosavlebidan anton II sarGos aRar miiRebda.
kaTolikos-patriarqs eniSneboda sarGo saqarTvelos
Semosavlebidan _ 2.675 vercxlis maneTi wliurad (Акты, IV, стр.
157).
peterburgSi aleqsandre tormasovs mouwones anton II-is mier
ruseTSi gamgzavrebis win saeklesio qonebis gasxvisebis
aRkveTisa da qonebis ukan dabrunebis mizniT gaweuli muSaoba.
1810 wlis 28 seqtembers uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurori
aleqsandre golicini aleqsandre tormasovs acnobebda, rom
saeklesio qonebis dacvis mizniT mis mier gaweuli muSaoba
imperatorma sworad miiGnia. amasTan erTad uwmidesi sinodis
ober-prokurori saqarTvelos mTavarsardals acnobebda, rom
sinodSi ar aqvT cnobebi (masala) qarTveli samRvdeloebis
Taobaze. aleqsandre golicini aleqsandre tormasovs sTxovda,
dakavSireboda TbilisSi myof arqiepiskopos varlams da masTan
erTad SeemuSavebina azri qarTveli samRvdeloebis marTva-
gamgeobis Taobaze (Акты, IV, стр. 157-158).
61
mitropolit arsenis saqme rusebis xelSi kaTolikos-patriarq
anton II-ze zegavlenis moxdenis saSualebad iqca. peterburgSi
da TbilisSi kargad uwyodnen mtyuan-marTali, magram saboloo
msjavris gamotanas ar Gqarobdnen. 1810 wlis 20 oqtombers
saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali aleqsandre tormasovi
ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre
golicins werda, rom man Seiswavla peterburgidan misTvis
gadagzavnili mitropolit arsenis saGivrebi, dawerili pirveli
imperatoris, xolo meore _ uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuroris
saxelze. mitropoliti arseni brals sdebda kaTolikos-patriarq
anton II-s imaSi, rom man arqiepiskopos varlamTan, saqarTvelos
mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovTan da Tbilisis keTilSo-
bilTa saswavleblis yofil direqtorTan, dekanoz aleqsi
petriaSvilTan erTad gadawyvita misi Tbilisis eparqiidan
gaZeveba da eparqiis mmarTvel ierarqad aleqsi petriaSvilis
dadgena. aleqsandre tormasovi ober-prokurors acnobebda, rom
mitropolitma arsenma piradad mas cili daswama, rom TiTqos
kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is TxovniT Tbileli
mitropolitis eparqiidan gadayvanis gadawyvetilebis Taobaze
imperatorisaTvis wardgineba gaekeTebinos (Акты, IV, стр. 158). am
Sesavlis Semdeg aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins
moaxsenebda saqmis arsis Taobaze, saidanac irkveva:
1. mitropolit arsenis saqmeSi piradad miukerZoebeli iyo da
yovelTvis simarTlis dadgenas cdilobda.
2. mas Semdeg, rac kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m TbilisSi
sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnas dauWira mxari, mitropoliti
cdilobda, ar daqvemdebareboda dikasterias. man iTxova, rom
Tbilisis sionis sakaTedro taZris Semosavlebi saxelmwifo
62
xazinaSi Seetana. Semosavlebis ganawilebis sakiTxi iyo anton II-
isa da mitropolit arsenis dapirispirebis mTavari mizezi.
3. 1809 wlis 12 dekembers, imperatoris dabadebis dRes, saRvTo
liturgiis dros sionis taZarSi moxda incindenti (al.
tormasovi gulisxmobs mitropolit arsenis mier sakurTxevlidan
dekanoz aleqsi petriaSvilis lanZRviT gaZevebas _ v. g.).
4. incindentis Semdeg ramdenime RvTismsaxurma mitropolit
arsens kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tan uGivla da brali dasdo
mitropolits sionis taZris Semosavlebis miTvisebaSi.
5. anton II-s TxovniT miumarTavs aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis,
raTa mxari daeWira Tbilisis eparqiidan mitropolit arsenis
gadayvanisaTvis. aleqsandre tormasovs anton II-Tvis urGevia: a)
mitropolit arsenis mier sionis taZris Semosavlebis miTvisebis
sakiTxi safuZvlianad SeeswavlaT, b) Tu dadasturdeboda, rom
mitropoliti marTlac iTvisebda taZris Semosavlebs, ar mieRoT
gadamWreli zomebi, pativi ecaT mRvdelmTavris RirsebisaTvis da
moefiqrebinaT sionis taZris Semosavlis aRricxvisa da
kontrolis iseTi meqanizmi, romelic ar Seuracxyofda
mitropolit arsens.
6. saqarTvelos mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi, Tavisi
mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, ar SeiZleboda Gareuliyo
mitropolit arsenis saqmis Ziebisa da msjavris gamotanis
procesSi. igi cdilobda, kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-sa da
Tbilel mitropolits Soris dapirispireba da mtroba moespo.
imavdroulad mTavarsardali saqarTvelos mmarTvel general
Tevdore axverdovis meSveobiT cdilobda daecva saeklesio
Semosavlebi.
7. mitropolitma arsenma saqarTvelos mTavarsardalTan
iGivla, romlis arsi SemdegSi mdgomareobda: anton II-m Tavisi
63
momxre mRvdelmTavrebidan Seqmna saeklesio sasamarTlo, romlis
wevrebmac Seuracxyofa miayenes mitropolits.
8. aleqsandre tormasovma mitropolit arsenis saGivris
miRebis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqs sTxova, daeGqarebina
saeklesio sasamarTlos mier ganaGenis gamotana, raTa ganaGeni
droulad yofiliyo imperatorisaTvis dasamtkiceblad
wardgenili.
9. saeklesio sasamarTlom mitropolit arsenis saqmeze
Semdegi Sinaarsis ganaGeni gamoitana: a) mitropoliti arseni
gadayenebuli iqnas Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan, b)
gaemgzavros arseni erT-erT Soreul monasterSi da daeniSnos
mas sarGo Tbilisis eparqiis Semosavlebidan, g) monasterSi
gamgzavrebamde arseni ganyenebul iqnas mRvdelmsaxurebidan.
saeklesio sasamarTlos ganaGeni aleqsandre tormasovma 1810
wlis 16 marts ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-proku-
rors gaugzavna.
10. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m aleqsandre tormasovs
SesTavaza sionis taZris Semosavlebi GaebarebinaT dekanoz ioseb
miqaZe-falavandiSvilisaTvis. generals Tavi Seukavebia saeklesio
saqmeebSi Garevisagan da kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis urGevia
piradad gadaewyvita es sakiTxi. radgan saqme saeklesio
Semosavlebis dacvas exeboda, aleqsandre tormasovs
saqarTvelos mmarTvelisaTvis, general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis,
dauvalebia mieRo Sesabamisi zomebi.
11. mitropoliti arseni cruobda, roca amtkicebda, rom
Tbilisis sionis taZari man gaamSveniera. taZris rekonstruqcia
ganaxorciela saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma pavle cicianovma,
xolo taZari moirTo imperatoris mier gamoyofili saxsrebiT.
64
12. mitropolit arsens aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis
miurTmevia saGivari, romlis arsi SemdegSi mdgomareobda:
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s sionis sakaTedro taZarSi saRvTo
liturgiis dawyebis win ambionidan unebebia imisi gancxadeba,
rom saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGinebiT mitropoliti arseni
gadayenebuli iyo Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan da
akrZaluli hqonda taZarSi msaxureba.
13. mitropolit arsens miumarTavs saqarTvelos mmarTvel
general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis, raTa am ukanasknels anton II-
Tan gaerkvia, Tu ratom gamoacxada man sionis taZarSi saeklesio
sasamarTlos ganGineba manam, sanam ganGinebas imperatori
daamtkicebda. anton II-is pasuxi aseTi yofila: mitropolitma
arsenma daarRvia wmida mociqulTa kanonebi da msoflios Svidi
saeklesio krebis dadgenilebebi, ris gamoc igi ganyenebuli iqna
RvTismsaxurebidan (Акты, IV, стр. 158-160).
dasasrul, aleqsandre tormasovi werda, rom mitropolit
arsenis saqmis Sesaxeb igi elodeba uwmidesi sinodis
gadawyvetilebas da imperatoris brZanebas (Акты, IV, стр. 160).
kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavreba,
romelic 1810 wels ramdenjerme gadaido, mainc gardauvali
aRmoGnda. 1810 wlis 9 noembers saqarTvelos mmarTveli generali
Tevdore axverdovi saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general
aleqsandre tormasovs moaxsenebda: kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II
1810 wlis 3 noembers Tbilisidan peterburgs gaemgzavra. igi 9
noembramde mcxeTSi SeGerda da amjerad emzadeba gzis ga-
sagrZeleblado. kaTolikos-patriarqs kobamde gaacilebda
kazakTa polkis 16 jariskaci oficris meTaurobiT, kobidan
vladikavkazamde (xevis gavliT ki) _ kazakTa aseuli (Акты, IV,
стр. 160-161).
65
kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II, mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo
taxtis mpyrobeli da uZvelesi avtokefaluri samociqulo
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mamamTavari, ruseTSi gaemgzavra
sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebasTan dakavSirebiT. es iyo
formaluri sababi anton II-is Tbilisidan gawvevisaTvis.
peterburgSi ukve gadawyvetili iyo mcxeTis sapatriarqos
gauqmeba. anton II samSobloSi dabrunebas veRar eRirsa, igi
ruseTSive aResrula.
kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavrebis
Semdeg TbilisSi sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis saqme
daGqarebuli tempiT wavida win. amieridan Tbilissa da yofili
qarTl-kaxeTis samefos mTel teritoriaze upirvelesi saeklesio
ierarqis funqcia ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis wevrs, arqi-
episkopos varlams daekisra. 1810 wlis 13 dekembers aleqsandre
tormasovi arqiepiskopos varlams sTxovda, gaego qarTveli
samRvdloebis azri axali sasuliero mmarTvelobis Taobaze
(Акты, IV, стр. 161). saqarTvelos mTavarsardali yvela
mniSvnelovan sakiTxze arqiepiskopos varlams eTaTbireboda.
Tbilisis qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi RvTismsaxurebis
rusul enaze dawyebis Semdeg qarTvel da rus samRvdeloebas
Soris bevrjer Seiqmna konfliqturi viTareba. 1811 wlis 12
Tebervals aleqsandre tormasovi arqiepiskopos varlams werda,
rom qaSveTis eklesiis dekanozma petrem da mRvdelma pavlem
masTan uCivles xersonis grenaderTa polkis moZRvar petres,
romelic eklesiidan qarTveli samRvdeloebis gaZevebas eswrafo-
da. rogorc aleqsandre tormasovis werilidan GCans, adre
miRweuli SeTanxmeba qaSveTis eklesiaSi qarTveli da rusi
samRvdeloebis erTdroulad msaxurebis Taobaze mas ukve aRar
akmayofilebda. generali werda: me vecade, konfliqti
66
momegvarebina da dekanoz petres da mRvdel pavlesaTvis qaSveTis
eklesiaSi rusi moZRvris msaxurebis dawyebis Semdeg
Semcirebuli Semosavali fuladi kompensaciiT amenazRaurebina.
rogorc irkveva, qaSveTis moZRvrebs amaze uari ganucxadebiaT da
eklesiaSi rusul enaze RvTismsaxurebis Sewyveta mouTxoviaT
(Акты, IV, стр. 161). aleqsandre tormasovi arqiepiskopos varlams
werda: qaSveTis eklesiaSi RvTismsaxurebis rusul enaze Sewyveta
ar SeiZleba, Tundac imitom, rom es eklesia Gems saxlTan
axlosaao. generali arqiepiskoposs sTxovda, dekanozi petre da
mRvdeli pavle qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiidan sxva eklesiaSi
gadaiyvaneo (Акты, IV, стр. 161).
1811 wlis 18 Tebervals aleqsandre tormasovma ruseTis
eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors warudgina vrceli
moxseneba TbilisSi sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis Taobaze.
moxsenebidan irkveva, rom dikasteriis Seqmnis proeqti
arqiepiskopos varlams Seudgenia, romelic am droisaTvis
oficialurad iwodeboda `sasuliero nawilis Tavmjdomared~.
arqiepiskopos varlamis proeqtSi gaTvaliswinebuli iyo aleq-
sandre tormasovis mosazrebebic. moxsenebis mixedviT proeqtis
Sinaarsi aseTi iyo:
pirveli. yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos teritoriaze
(aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi) arsebuli 13 eparqiidan unda
darGeniliyo 2 eparqia: mcxeTisa, anu qarTlisa da alaverdisa,
anu kaxeTisa.
meore. 9 saarqimandritodan unda darGeniliyo 5 saar-
qimandrito.
mesame. sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnamde eklesiebisa da
samRvdeloebis ricxvi ar unda Semcirebuliyo. Semcireba unda
dawyebuliyo dikasteriis Seqmnis Semdeg. zogierTi eklesia
67
daixureboda da, Sesabamisad, Semcirdeboda samRvdeloebis
ricxvic. Semcirebul mRvdlebs wodebis mixedviT miecemodaT
sarGo da Semdeg isini dainiSnebodnen dikasteriis Sexedulebis
mixedviT. gardacvlili mRvdlebis adgils daikavebdnen is
mRvdlebi, romlebic eklesiebis daxurvis Semdeg samwysos gareSe
darGebodnen.
meoTxe. saeklesio gadasaxadebis naturiT (xorbliT, RviniT,
xiliT da a. S.) gadasaxadis aReba rTuli iyo, amitomac naturiT
gadasaxadi Seicvleboda fuladi gadasaxadiT. eparqiis mmarTvel
ierarqebsa da arqimandritebs sasuliero dikasteriaSi
gadasaxadi fulis saxiT unda SeetanaT.
mexuTe. saeklesio glexebs xazinis gadasaxadi unda ga-
daexadaT sursaTiT _ erT komlze 3 kodi xorbali, an fuliT _
erTi kodi xorblis sanacvlod erTi maneTi.
meeqvse. sasuliero dikasteriis wevrebi unda yofiliyvnen:
qarTlidan: qvaTaxevis monastris arqimandriti dosiTeozi da
ikorTis monastris arqimandriti gamaliila (romelic imxanad
ukve gadayvanili iyo bodbis monastris arqimandritad);
kaxeTidan: arqimandriti elefTeri, mcxeTis sveticxovlis taZris
dekanozi ioane maRalaSvili, dekanozi ioseb winamZRvriSvili da
dekanozi dimitri aleqsiSvili.
meSvide. saqarTvelos kaTolikosebi bizantiis imperatoris
mier iyvnen dadgenilni da maT damoukideblobas (avtokefalias _
v. g.) aRiarebdnen msoflio patriarqebi. amis gamo pativiscemis
niSnad mcxeTis, anu qarTlis eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris
wodeba aseTi iqneboda: `mitropoliti mcxeTisa da qarTlisa da
uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~. igi daeqvemde-
bareboda ruseTis eklesiis uwmides sinods da sinodidan
miiRebda gankargulebas (Акты, IV, стр. 162).
68
dikasteriis proeqtis wardgenis Semdeg Tavis moxsenebaSi
aleqsandre tormasovi uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors werda,
rom kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s ar ZaluZda sasuliero
mmarTvelobis axali sistemis Gamoyalibeba da sasuliero uwyebis
(dikasteriis) xelmZRvaneloba. saqarTvelos mTavarsardali
aleqsandre golicins acnobebda, rom misi azriT `saqarTveloSi
uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosis, mcxeTisa da qarTlis mitropo-
litis~ adgili unda daekavebina uwmidesi sinodis wevrs,
arqiepiskopos varlams (erisTavs), xolo alaverdis, anu kaxeTis
eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari unda gamxdariyo bodbis
eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari mitropoliti ioane (Акты, IV,
стр. 162).
aleqsandre tormasovi Tavis moxsenebaSi Seexo ruseTSi myofi
kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is sarGos sakiTxs. generali
uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors acnobebda, rom anton II-m
sapatriarqos Semosavlebidan 1808 wels miiRo 2.300 vercxlis
maneTi, xolo 1810 wels saqarTvelos Semosavlebidan imperatoris
brZanebiT miiRo 2.675 vercxlis maneTi. aleqsandre tormasovi
Suamdgomlobda, raTa anton II-s, Tu igi ruseTSi darGeboda,
saqarTvelos Semosavlebidan gardacvalebamde yovelwliurad
mieRo 6.000 maneTi pensiis saxiT. samagierod, anton II-s aranairi
ufleba aRar unda hqonoda sasuliero dikasteriis (yofili
sapatriarqos) Semosavlebze (Акты, IV, стр. 163).
aleqsandre tormasovi uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuroris
winaSe ayenebda kidev erT sakiTxs. saeklesio aznaurebi,
romlebic eparqiebsa da monastrebs ekuTvnodnen, dRemde
asruleben saeklesio mamulebis mouravebis (mmarTvelebis)
funqcias. am mouravebma eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavrebTan
erTad gaZarcves saeklesio mamulebi. qarTuli kanonebi ar
69
iTvaliswinebs eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis mier mefis
Tanxmobis gareSe saeklesio glexebisa da mamulebis gasxvisebas
(boZebas). arqiepiskopos varlamis mosazrebis safuZvelze
aleqsandre tormasovi uwmides sinods sTavazobda: yofili
qarTl-kaxeTis samefos teritoriaze rusuli mmarTvelobis
SemoRebamde (saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis Seqmnamde _ v. g.)
eparqiebis mflobelobaSi arsebuli mamulebi darGes eklesiis
mflobelobaSi, xolo saeklesio aznaurebi da glexebi
mamulebiTurT gadaeces saxelmwifo xazinas (Акты, IV, стр. 163).
aleqsandre tormasovi uwmidesi sinodis winaSe ayenebda
TbilisSi samRvdeloTa da Tavadaznaurobis SvilTaTvis
gimnaziis gaxsnis sakiTxs. gimnazia 60 moswavleze unda yofiliyo
gaTvaliswinebuli. aleqsandre tormasovis azriT, gimnaziaSi
ganswavluli samRvdeloeba SeiZleboda gamoeyenebinaT Grdilo
kavkasiis xalxebis qristianobaze mosaqcevad. aleqsandre
tormasovi aseve ayenebda samazro saswavleblebis daarsebis
sakiTxs, sadac samRvdeloebis SvilebTan erTad iswavlidnen Ra-
ribi Tavadaznaurebisa da dabali socialuri fenebidan ga-
mosulebic. samazro saswavleblebSi unda eswavlebinaT rusuli
da qarTuli enebi, aseve ariTmetika. samazro saswavleblebSi
aRzrdili Tavadaznaurebis Svilebs SesaZlebloba eqnebodaT,
swavla gaegrZelebinaT Tbilisis keTilSobilTa samxedro
saswavlebelSi, xolo samRvdeloebis Svilebs _ gimnaziaSi
(Акты, IV, стр. 163).
moxsenebaSi aleqsandre tormasovi mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis
qvrivebisa da SvilebisaTvis materialuri daxmarebis sakiTxsac
ayenebda. daxmarebisaTvis saWiro finansebis gankargva unda
moexdinaT saqarTvelos mTavarsardalsa da sasuliero
70
dikasterias. daxmareba ar miecemodaT im qvrivebsa da bavSvebs,
romelTac sakmarisi Semosavali hqondaT (Акты, IV, стр. 163-164).
moxsenebis dasasruls saqarTvelos mTavarsardali mad-
lierebiT ixseniebda sasuliero nawilis mmarTvels, ar-
qiepiskopos varlams da imeds gamoTqvamda, rom sasuliero
dikasteriis Seqmnis Semdeg qarTveli samRvdeloebis mdgomareoba
gaumjobesdeboda (Акты, IV, стр. 164).
moxsenebas aleqsandre tormasovma daurTo „Список епархиям, в
Грузии ныне состоящим, с показанием сколько каждой принадлежит дворов
крестьян“ (Акты, IV, стр. 164-165). moviyvanT zogierT masalas am
dokumentidan: mcxeTis eparqias ekuTvnoda 615 komli, Tbilisis
sionis sakaTedro taZars _ 24, samTavros eparqias _ 35, ruisis
eparqias _ 96, wilknis eparqias _ 20, samTavisis eparqias _ 30,
urbnisisa da niqozis eparqias _ 70, alaverdis eparqias _ 342,
ninowmindis eparqias _ 113, rusTavis eparqias _ 58, nekresis
eparqias _ 86, bodbis eparqias _ 729. sul qarTlisa da kaxeTis
teritoriaze arsebul 13 eparqias ekuTvnoda 2.218 komli glexi
(Акты, IV, стр. 164).
meore danarTis _ „Список архимандритам, в Грузии ныне
состоящим, с показанием сколько каждой принадлежит дворов крестьян“ _
mixedviT sul arsebobda 9 saarqimandrito, romlebic flobdnen
637 koml glexs. komlebis raodenoba saarqimandritoebze ase
nawildeboda: qvabTaxevis _ 105, mRvimevis _ 27, ikorTis _ 16,
kaxeTis _ 122, daviT garejis _ 153, ioane naTlismcemlis _ 106,
SuamTis _ 65, largvisis _ 40, Tiris _ 3 (Акты, IV, стр. 164).
kidev erT danarTSi warmodgenilia eparqiebis wliuri
Semosavali. mcxeTis eparqiis Semosavali Seadgenda 9.560 maneTs,
sionis sakaTedro taZrisa _ 2.500 maneTs, samTavros eparqiisa _
71
500 maneTs, ruisis eparqiisa _ 1.500 maneTs, wilknis eparqiisa _
1.000 maneTs, samTavisis eparqiisa _ 600 maneTs, urbnisisa da
niqozis eparqiisa _ 300 maneTs. es Semosavali Semdegnairad unda
gankarguliyo: umaRles sasuliero xelisufals _ 5000 maneTi, sa-
suliero dikasterias _ 1.500 maneTi, gimnazias _ 1.500 maneTi,
sionis sakaTedro taZris samreklos asagebad _ 1.000 maneTi,
eklesiis Sesanaxad _ 560 maneTi. amrigad, sul gamiznuli iyo
9.560 maneTis daxarjva (Акты, IV, стр. 164). mitropolit
arsenisaTvis gardacvalebamde yovelwliurad pensiis saxiT unda
miecaT 1.000 maneTi (Акты, IV, стр. 164).
metad sainteresoa aleqsandre tormasovis moxsenebis kidev
erTi danarTi _ „Список, сколько находиться где церквей, архиереев,
священников, дьяконов и церковников“ (Акты, IV, стр. 165). am danarTis
mixedviT: 1) mcxeTis eparqiaSi iyo erTi mRvdelmTavari, 122
eklesia, 133 mRvdeli, 20 diakoni, 118 eklesiis msaxuri; 2)
Tbilisis eparqiaSi: erTi mRvdelmTavari, 12 eklesia, 25 mRvdeli,
4 diakoni da 20 eklesiis msaxuri; 3) samTavros eparqiaSi: erTi
mRvdelmTavari, 82 eklesia, 60 mRvdeli, 8 diakoni da 70 eklesiis
msaxuri; 4) ruisis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo, 52 eklesia,
42 mRvdeli, 4 diakoni, 42 eklesiis msaxuri; 5) wilknis eparqiaSi:
erTi mRvdelmTavari, 80 eklesia, 75 mRvdeli, 11 diakoni, 45
eklesiis msaxuri; 6) samTavisis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo,
44 eklesia, 23 mRvdeli, 5 diakoni, 16 eklesiis msaxuri; 7) urbni-
sis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo, 40 eklesia, 40 mRvdeli, 6
diakoni, 38 eklesiis msaxuri; 8) niqozis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari
ar iyo, 11 eklesia, 10 mRvdeli, 3 diakoni, 7 eklesiis msaxuri; 9)
bodbis eparqiaSi: erTi mRvdelmTavari, 100 eklesia, 116 mRvdeli,
32 diakoni, 88 eklesiis msaxuri; 10) alaverdis eparqiaSi: mRvdel-
mTavari ar iyo, 113 eklesia, 84 mRvdeli, 20 diakoni, 84 eklesiis
72
msaxuri; 11) ninowmindis eparqiaSi: erTi mRvdelmTavari, 67
eklesia, 66 mRvdeli, 9 diakoni, 68 eklesiis msaxuri; 12) rusTavis
eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo, 20 eklesia, 23 mRvdeli, 7
diakoni, 23 eklesiis msaxuri; 13) nekresis eparqiaSi: erTi
mRvdelmTavari, 56 eklesia, 49 mRvdeli, 17 diakoni, 42 eklesiis
msaxuri. sul 1811 wlis 18 TebervlisaTvis qarTl-kaxeTis yofili
samefos teritoriaze (aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi) 13 eparqiaSi
iyo 7 mRvdelmTavari, 799 eklesia, 746 mRvdeli, 146 diakoni da 661
eklesiis msaxuri (Акты, IV, стр. 165; mitropoliti anania
jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. 2009, gv.
1095). 13 eparqiis teritoriaze arsebul monastrebSi 75 beri iyo
(Акты, IV, стр. 165).
kidev erT danarTSi GamoTvlilia im saeklesio aznaurebis
gvarebi, romlebic saxelmwifo xazinis mflobelobaSi unda
gadasuliyvnen TavianTi glexebianad. eseni arian (gvarebs
moviyvanT dednis mixedviT): qarTlSi _ Магалов, Гедеванов, Карсидзе,
Элиозов, Квалиев, Тазиев, Кадагов, Зумбулидзе, Кавриев, Тухарели,
Бочорадзе, Ананиев, Мамацов (es aznaurebi sul 193 koml glexs
flobdnen); kaxeTSi _ Гараканидзе, Мицоблидзе, Гижимкрели, Сулханов,
Андроников, Абелов, Мгалобелов, Иерамов, Таниев, Нацвалов, Деканозов,
Шатберов (es aznaurebi sul 470 koml glexs flobdnen) (Акты, IV,
стр. 165).
qarTl-kaxeTis yofili samefos teritoriaze arsebuli
eklesiebis, monastrebis, Savi da TeTri samRvdeloebis
raodenobis dadgenis, aseve saeklesio Semosavlebis garkvevis
Semdeg 1811 wlis 21 ivniss ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesma sinodma
`uqveSemrdomilesi moxseneba~ warudgina ruseTis imperator
aleqsandre I-s. 1811 wlis 30 ivniss imperatorma moxseneba
73
daamtkica. dedanze imperatoris xeliT gakeTebulia aseTi
rezolucia: „Быть по сему. Александр“ (Акты, IV, стр. 166-169). am
dokumentma gadawyvita mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtis,
uZvelesi samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis kaTolikos-
patriarq anton II-is bedi (mitropoliti anania jafariZe.
saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. Tbilisi, 2009, gv.
1095; eldar bubulaSvili. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi
anton meore. Tbilisi, 2002, gv. 72-74). amis gamo SevecdebiT
dokumentis Sinaarsi dawvrilebiT warmovadginoT. imperatoris
mier damtkicebuli uwmidesi sinodis moxseneba aseTi Sinaarsisaa:
I. 1783 wels qarTl-kaxeTis mefem erekle II-m cno ruseTis
imperiis uzenaesi xelisufleba da qveSevrdomoba. xelSekrulebis
(georgievskis traqtatis _ v. g.) merve muxlis mixedviT or
saxelmwifos eklesiaTa Soris urTierTobis Taobaze calke
xelSekruleba unda dadebuliyo.
II. 1801 wlis ganmavlobaSi gamoica ori manifesti: pirveli – 18
ianvars, romlis mixedviTac qarTl-kaxeTis samefo uerTdeboda
ruseTis imperias, meore _ 12 seqtembers, romelsac Tan axlda
dadgenileba qarTl-kaxeTis mmarTvelobis mowyobis Taobaze.
general karl knorings daevala mxaris sasuliero cxovrebis
wesrigSi moyvana.
III. uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurorma aleqsandre golicinma
saqarTveloSi myofi sinodis wevris, arqiepiskopos varlamisa da
mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovis meSveobiT miiRo cnobebi
qarTveli samRvdeloebis mdgomareobis Taobaze. am cnobebidan
dgindeba, rom qarTlisa da kaxeTis 13 eparqiaSi 7 mRvdelmTavari,
799 eklesia, 746 mRvdeli, 146 diakoni da 661 eklesiis msaxuri, 9
saarqimandrito, 6 arqimandriti da 75 beria. 13 eparqiaSi 2.213
74
komli saeklesio glexia, xolo 9 saarqimandritoSi _ 637 komli.
saeklesio aznaurebi 470 koml saeklesio glexs floben.
IV. mRvdelmTavrebi saeklesio Semosavlebis Taobaze aravis
aranair angariSs ar abareben, Semosavlebis Taobaze maT aranairi
cnobebi ar gaaGniaT, saeklesio SemosavlebiT sargebloben
yovelgvari wesis gareSe. arqiepiskopos varlamis
gamoangariSebiT, eparqiebis Semosavali unda udrides 26.360
maneTs, saarqimandritoebisa _ 13.224 maneTs.
V. arqiepiskoposi varlami gvTavazobs Semdegs:
1) 13 eparqiidan darGes mxolod ori: mcxeTis, anu qarTlisa
da alaverdis, anu kaxeTisa.
2) mcxeTisa da qarTlis mRvdelmTavari, rogorc qarTveli
samRvdeloebis upirvelesi ierarqi, iwodeba ase: `mitropoliti
mcxeTisa da qarTlisa, sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~.
3) 9 saarqimandritodan darGes 5 saarqimandrito.
4) daarsdes dikasteria, romlis wevrebi iqnebian ara mRvdel-
mTavrebi, aramed arqimandritebi da dekanozebi. dikasteria
eparqiebidan da saarqimandritoebidan miiRebs yvela aucilebel
cnobas, romelic Seexeba: a) zedmeti eklesiebis daxurvas,
daxuruli eklesiebis RvTismsaxurebis sxva eklesiebSi
gadayvanas, RvTismsaxurebisaTvis xarisxis miniWebas, saeklesio
Semosavlebs; b) saeklesio glexebidan gadasaxadebis akrefis
mowesrigebas, Semosavlisa da gasavlis aRricxvas, gimnaziis Se-
naxvas, saswavleblebisa da mowyalebis saxlebis Senaxvas; g)
naturiT miRebuli gadasaxadebis fulze gadayvanas.
5) samRvdeloebis SvilebisaTvis ganaTlebis misacemad
TbilisSi unda daarsdes gimnazia (pirvel xanebSi 60 mos-
wavlisaTvis), xoli mazrebSi _ samazro saswavleblebi.
75
ganaTlebuli qarTveli samRvdeloeba gamoyenebuli unda iqnes
Grdilo kavkasiis mosaxleobis gasaqristianeblad.
6) saeklesio glexebisagan miRebuli Semosavali ase unda
ganawildes: mcxeTisa da qarTlis mRvdelmTavars _ 5.000 maneTi,
wilknis eparqiis mRvdelmTavar gervasis _ 1.000 maneTi, bodbis
eparqiis mRvdelmTavar ioanes da alaverdis eparqiis
mRvdelmTavars (imJamad kaTedra vakanturi iyo _ v. g.) _ 2.500
maneTi, sasuliero dikasterias _ 1.500 maneTi, gimnazias _ 3.400
maneTi, samazro saswavleblebs _ 2.000 maneTi, oTx adgilas
eklesiebisa da samrevloebis mSeneblobis dasrulebisaTvis 3
wlis ganmavlobaSi _ 3.300 maneTi da sxv.
VI. yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos teritoriaze rusuli
mmarTvelobis SemoRebamde (saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis
Seqmnamde) vinc saeklesio aznauris wodebas atarebda
glexebianad gadairicxos saxelmwifo xazinis gamgeblobaSi.
VII. mieces sarGo mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis qvrivebsa da
Svilebs.
VIII. qarTveli samRvdeloebis Txovnis miuxedavad, ar SeiZ-
leba arsebuli mdgomareobis ucvlelad datoveba:
1) ar SeiZleba SenarGundes 13 eparqia.
2) ruseTis msgavsad SemoRebuli unda iqnes sasamarTlo _
konsistoria da sasuliero mmarTveloba, romelic Tvalyurs
adevnebs samRvdeloebas.
3) aucilebelia sasuliero seminariis daarseba, radgan
mRvdlebi unda iyvnen ganaTlebulni da mrevlisaTvis magaliTis
mimcemni.
4) dauSvebelia kerZo pirebze saeklesio mamulebis gasxviseba.
IX. yovelive zemoT Tqmulidan gamomdinare uwmidesi sinodi
miiGnevs:
76
1. 13 eparqiidan Seiqmnas 2 eparqia: a) mcxeTisa da qarTlisa, b)
alaverdisa da kaxeTisa; g) 9 saarqimandritodan Seiqmnas 5
saarqimandrito.
2. qarTveli samRvdeloebis umaRlesi ierarqi iqneba mcxeTisa
da qarTlis mitropoliti, romelsac yovelTvis eqneba wodeba:
`uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~.
3. Seiqmnas dikasteria, romelsac saTaveSi Gaudgeba qarTveli
samRvdloebis umaRlesi ierarqi (`mcxeTisa da qarTlis
mitropoliti, uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~).
dikasteriis xelmZRvanelis (ufrosis) gadawyvetilebiT, samazro
qalaqebSi pirveldawyebiTi sasamarTlo saqmiswarmoebisaTvis
Seiqmnas sasuliero mmarTvelobebi, romlis wevrebi iqnebian
dekanozebi da mRvdlebi. garda amisa, mazrebSi samRvdeloebaze
meTvalyureoba daevalos blaRoGinebs.
4. samRvdeloebis SvilebisaTvis swavla-ganaTlebis misacemad
gimnaziis nacvlad daarsdes sasuliero seminaria. samazro
saswavleblebi gaixsnas mas Semdeg, rac sasuliero seminaria am
saswavleblebisaTvis moamzadebs maswavleblebs.
5. mRvdelmTavrebis, arqimandritebis, sasuliero dikasteriis,
sasuliero seminariis, mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis qvrivebisa da
Svilebis Sesanaxi xarjebi gaRebuli iqneba saeklesio
Semosavlebidan.
6. glexebi, romlebic saeklesio glexebis kategorias
ganekuTvnebodnen qarTl-kaxeTis yofili samefos teritoriaze
rusuli mmarTvelobis SemoRebamde (saqarTvelos umaRlesi
mTavrobis Seqmnamde), darGebian sasuliero uwyebis
daqvemdebarebaSi. rac Seexeba saeklesio aznaurebs, sasuliero
dikasteriis Seqmnis gamo, maTi gamoyeneba saeklesio mamulebis
mouravebad ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli. saeklesio aznaurebis
77
sakiTxs Seiswavlis uwmidesi sinodi da dasamtkiceblad warud-
gens imperators (Акты, IV, стр. 166-169).
aseTia im dokumentis Sinaarsi, romelmac, ruseTis imperiis
interesebidan gamomdinare, gaauqma mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo
taxti da uZvelesi samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
TviTmwyemsoba (avtokefalia) (mitropoliti anania jafariZe.
saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. Tbilisi, 2009, gv.
1094-1095).
aTi weli (1801-1811 ww.) amzadebda ruseTis saimperatoro kari
mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtis, uZvelesi samociqulo
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)
gauqmebas. miuxedavad amisa, gauqmeba moxda sruliad ukanonod,
saeklesio samarTlis uxeSi darRveviT.
qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmeba da misi ruseTis imperiasTan
SeerTeba ar SeiZleba safuZveli gamxdariyo mcxeTis uZvelesi
sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi samociqulo marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis) gauqmebisa. es
ewinaaRmdegeboda efesos wmida III msoflio saeklesio krebis (431
w.) merve kanons. am kanonis miRebis safuZveli gaxda antioqiis ek-
lesiis mcdeloba, Tavisi iurisdiqciisaTvis daemorGilebina
kviprosis eklesia da, Sesabamisad, kviprosis eklesiisaTvis
GamoerTmia avtokefaluri uflebebi, romelic ZvelTaganve hqonda
miniWebuli. radgan kviprosis eklesia ZvelTaganve
avtokefalurad iyo aRiarebuli, III msoflio saeklesio krebam
daicva kviprosis eklesiis avtokefalia (mitropoliti anania
jafariZe. saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi. wigni I. Tbilisi, 2003,
gv. 204-205).
78
mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqosa da uZvelesi samociqulo
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)
kanonierad gauqmebisaTvis aucilebeli iyo Semdegi:
pirveli. kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s unda moewvia
saeklesio kreba, romelsac unda mieRo ganGineba avtokefaluri
uflebebis daTmobisa da avtokefaliis gauqmebis Taobaze. aseTi
saeklesio kreba mowveuli ar yofila.
meore. gauqmebuli mcxeTis sapatriarqos ruseTis eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi Sesvlaze Tanxmoba unda mieca ruseTis saeklesio
krebas. ruseTSi saeklesio krebas aRar iwvevdnen, xolo uwmidesi
sinodi saeklesio krebas ver Secvlida.
mesame. mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqosa da uZvelesi
samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmebisaTvis aucilebeli iyo konstantinepolis msoflio
patriarqisa da msoflio marTlmadidebeli patriarqebis
(ierusalimis, antioqiis, aleqsandriis) Tanxmoba. aseTi Tanxmoba
ruseTs arc uTxovia da, cxadia, arc miuRia.
4. viTareba mcxeTis sapatriarqos
gauqmebis Semdeg
(1811-1814 ww.)
1801 wlis 12 seqtembers ukanono aqts, romlis ZaliTac
gauqmda qarTl-kaxeTis samefo, 1811 wlis 30 ivniss mohyva meore
ukanono aqti, romlis ZaliTac gauqmda msoflios erT-erTi
uZvelesi sapatriarqo _ mcxeTis sapatriarqo da uZvelesi
samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis TviTmwyemsoba
(avtokefalia).
79
mcxeTis sapatriarqosa da eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avto-
kefaliis) gauqmebis Semdeg yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos
teritoriaze umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi gaxda `mcxeTisa da
qarTlis mitropoliti~, romelic amave dros iyo ruseTis
eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis `egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~. es `pativi~
wilad xvda uwmidesi sinodis wevrs, arqiepiskopos varlams
(erisTavs). swored arqiepiskoposi varlami iyo ruseTis
saeklesio politikis aqtiuri gamtarebeli saqarTveloSi. igi
uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre golicinisa da
saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general aleqsandre tormasovis ndo-
biTa da mxardaWeriT sargeblobda.
mcxeTisa da qarTlis mitropoliti, saqarTvelos egzarqosi
varlami 1811 wlis 30 ivniss imperator aleqsandre I-is brZanebiT
Seqmnili saqarTvelos dikasteriis saTaveSi idga. es iyo
saeklesio saqmeTa marTva-gemgeobis axali organo, romelsac
qarTveli samRvdeloebis bedi unda ganego.
egzarqosi varlami energiulad Seudga dakisrebuli
movaleobis Sesrulebas. egzarqos varlamisaTvis xeli ar
SeuSlia imas, rom misi Tanamoazre saqarTvelos mTavarsardali
generali aleqsandre tormasovi 1811 welsve Tbilisidan
gadaiyvanes. saqarTvelos mTavarsardlad dainiSna general-
leitenanti filip pauluGi (1811-1812), romelic male general-
leitenantma nikoloz rtiSGevma (1812-1816) Secvala.
1811 wlis 19 oqtombers egzarqosi varlami saqarTvelos
mTavarsardal general filip pauluGis werda, rom ukve
dawyebuli iyo rusul enaze saeklesio galobis damkvidrebis
mizniT mgalobelTa gundis Seqmna. es saqme Tavisi iniciativiT
dauwyia yabardos qveiTTa polkis moZRvar mixeil ivanovs.
egzarqosi mixeil ivanovs axasiaTebda, rogorc taxtis erTgul
80
da wesier adamians da misTvis Semweobas sTxovda generals
(Акты, Кавказскою Археографическою Комиисииею. Под редакцией Ад.
Берже. Том. V. Часть I. Тифлис, 1873, стр. 139).
mcxeTis sapatriarqosa da avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg
ruseTis saimperatoro kari Seudga saeklesio sakuTrebasTan
dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garkvevas. 1811 wlis 21 dekembers
ruseTis imperiis Sinagan saqmeTa ministri saqarTvelos
mTavarsardal filip pauluGis saeklesio aznaurebisa da
saeklesio glexebis sakiTxis garkvevas avalebda. kerZod,
ministri werda: 1) saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma
aleqsandre tormasovma gadawyvita saeklesio aznaurebis
glexebianad saxelmwifo xazinis gamgeblobaSi gadaricxva. 2)
saeklesio aznaurebi da saeklesio glexebi TavianTi mamulebidan
unda aeyaraT da lores velze unda daesaxlebinaT (Акты, V, I,
стр. 139). ministri mTavarsardals avalebda, gaerkvia: a) ris
safuZvelze flobdnen saeklesio aznaurebi da saeklesio
glexebi mamulebs, b) maTi gadasaxlebis Semdeg mamulebi (miwa,
nagebobani) xom ar darGeba upatronod, g) xom ar SeiZleba lores
velze iZulebiTi gadasaxlebis nacvlad saeklesio aznaurebi da
saeklesio glexebi dasaxldnen iq, sadac maT surT (Акты, V, I,
стр. 139). ministri mTavarsardals avalebda: Seeswavla saeklesio
aznaurebisa da glexebis saqme da Sesabamisi daskvna waredgina
saministrosaTvis. ministri xazs usvamda, rom aucilebeli iyo
zustad garkveuliyo saeklesio aznaurebis uflebrivi
mdgomareoba, aseve Tu ris safuZvelze flobdnen isini glexebs
da miwas (Акты, V, I, стр. 140).
mitropolit arsenis saqme arc mas Semdeg Gacxra, rac
saqarTvelos mTavarsardlis wardginebiT imperatoris brZanebiT
igi Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan gadaayenes.
81
mitropolit arsens brali edeboda sionis sakaTedro taZris
Semosavlebis miTvisebaSi. saqarTvelos rusuli administraciis
moxele namdvili samoqalaqo mrGeveli malinski saqarTvelos
mTavarsardals 1812 wlis 8 ianvars acnobebda: saqarTvelos eg-
zarqosma mitropolitma varlamma iTxova mitropolit arsenis
mier saeklesio sakiTxebis ukanonod miTvisebis saqmis Seswavlis
mizniT dikasteriis mier Seqmnil komisias daematos erTi
samoqalaqo moxeleo. malinskis komisiis wevroba dauvalebia
Tbilisis policmaister Tavad TumaniSvilisaTvis. dikasteriis
komisiis Seqmnis Semdeg mitropolit arsens miumarTavs
malinskisaTvis. gadayenebuli mitropoliti rus moxeles werda,
rom mitropolit varlams mtroba aqvs masTan, amitom iyo rom igi
erwmuna saqmis gamosaZieblad kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is
mier daniSnul mRvdelmTavrebs, xolo TviT arsens ar mousmina.
mitropoliti arseni malinskis arwunebda, rom TiTqos mas
gaeyidos eklesiis (sionis taZris) kuTvnili qoneba, ciliswameba
iyo (Акты, V, I, стр. 140). 1812 wlis 19 agvistos namdvili
samoqalaqo mrGeveli malinski saqarTvelos mTavarsardal
general nikoloz rtiSGevs moaxsenebda mitropolit arsenis ur-
Gobis Taobaze. mitropolit arsens ganucxadebia: eparqiis
mRvdelmTavrobidan Gems gadayenebas maSin virwmuneb, Tu
imperatoris brZanebas maGvenebTo. malinskis egzarqos varlamis
TanxmobiT dikasteriis wevris, arqimandrit aTanases, dikasteriis
mdivnisa da Tbilisis komendantis TandaswrebiT mitropolit
arsenisaTvis uGvenebia uwmidesi sinodis brZaneba misi ioane naT-
lismcemlis monasterSi gadayvanisa da pensiis daniSvnis Taobaze.
brZanebis gacnobis Semdeg mitropolit arsens ganucxadebia:
uwmidesi sinodis brZanebas sinodis ufrosi mdivani ki ar unda
awerdes xels, aramed sinodis wevri arqiepiskoposio.
82
mitropolit arsens brZaneba sarwmunod ar ucvnia da uari
ganucxadebia nebayoflobiT eparqiis datovebasa da monasterSi
wasvlaze. amasTan erTad mitropolits uTqvams, rom Tu mis
mimarT Zalas gamoiyeneben, is GaTvlida, rom isjeboda im
danaSaulisaTvis, romelic ar Gaudenia. malinskis ucdia mitro-
politis darwmuneba da misTvis ganumartavs: uwmidesi sinodis da
senatis brZanebebs, arsebuli wesis mixedviT, yovelTvis ufrosi
mdivnebi aweren xelso. miuxedavad amisa, mitropolit arsens
azri ar Seucvlia (Акты, V, II, стр. 400).
mitropolit arsenis saqme kidev erTxel gamwvavda. 1813 wlis 8
Tebervals saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma nikoloz
rtiSGevma uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre
golicins mitropolit arsenis saqmis gamo werili gaugzavna.
werilis Sinaarsi aseTia: 1) egzarqos varlams nikoloz
rtiSGevisaTvis ucnobebia, rom man uwmidesi sinodisagan 1812
wlis 11 noembers miiRo brZaneba imperatoris brZanebis
Sesabamisad mitropolit arsenisaTvis pensiis daniSvnis Taobaze.
2) uwmidesi sinodis brZanebaSi aRniSnuli yofila, rom mit-
ropolit arsenisaTvis unda GamoerTmiaT Tbilisis sionis
taZridan waRebuli nivTebi. 3) Tu arseni waRebuli nivTebis
dabrunebaze uars ityoda, maSin igi daniSnul pensias ver
miiRebda. 4) mitropoliti arseni ver daiTanxmes. uSedego
aRmoGnda rogorc saqarTvelos samoqalaqo gubernatoris, ise
TviT egzarqos varlamis mcdeloba (Акты, V, II, стр. 400).
egzarqosi varlami Tvlida, rom mitropolit arsenis
daumorGilebloba imperatoris brZanebisadmi TiTqmis igive iyo,
rac kaxeli Tavadebis mier imperatorisaTvis micemuli ficis ga-
texvao (igulisxmeba 1812 wlis kaxeTis ajanyeba _ v. g.). egzarqosi
eWvs gamoTqvamda, rom mitropoliti arseni Wkuaze Semcdari iyo.
83
amis dasturad egzarqoss mohyavda mitropolitis sityvebi: Gemi
iZuleba SeiZleba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqarTvelos
mTavarsardali brZanebas gascems Gemi dapatimrebis Taobazeo
(Акты, V, II, стр. 401). egzarqos varlams Seqmnili viTareba Zalze
afiqrebda. amitom iyo, rom igi uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors
sTxovda: imperatorisaTvis eTxova nebarTva, raTa mitropolit
arsenisaTvis, misi winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, GamoerTmiaT
(igulisxmeboda Zalis gamoyenebiT GamorTmeva _ v. g.) sionis
taZridan waRebuli ZviradRirebuli nivTebi, xolo TviT
mitropoliti ruseTis romelime monasterSi gaegzavnaT da
miecaT misTvis pensia 1.000 vercxlis maneTi weliwadSi (rac ud-
rida asignaciebiT 1.200 rusul maneTs). egzarqosi varlami xazs
usvamda imas, rom mitropolit arsenis saqarTveloSi datoveba
misi daudegari da SurismaZiebluri xasiaTis gamo ar
SeiZleboda. zemoaRniSnuli RonisZiebebis garda egzarqosi
varlami sxva gamosavals ver xedavda (Акты, V, II, стр. 401). erTi
wlis Semdeg, 1814 wels, mitropoliti arseni gardaicvala (Акты,
V, II, стр. 406).
84
Tavi II
lixTimereTisa da afxazTa
sapatriarqos gauqmeba
(1814-1815 ww.)
qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebis Semdeg rom imereTis samefos
jeri dadgeboda, amaSi ukve eWvi aravis ar epareboda, pirvel
rigSi ki solomon II-s. ruseTis saimperatoro kari imereTis
samefos dapyrobisaTvis mzadebas winaswar gaazrebuli gegmiT
Seudga. peterburgSi kargad uwyodnen, rom imereTis samefosa da
samegrelos samTavros Soris urTierToba ukiduresad iyo gamwva-
vebuli. grigol dadiani solomon II-s leGxums edaveboda. saqme
omamde mivida. aseT viTarebaSi 1803 wlis 4 dekembers rusebis
rGeviTa da waqezebiT samegrelos mTavarma grigol dadianma
ruseTis imperator aleqsandre II-is qveSevrdomobaze daifica.
peterburgSi samegrelos mTavris `saTxovari punqtebi~ gaigzavna.
1804 wlis 4 ivliss aleqsandre I-ma grigol dadianis `saTxovari
punqtebi~ Seiwynara da samegrelos samTavro ruseTis imperiis
qveSevrdomobaSi Sevida (merab vaGnaZe, vaxtang guruli. ruseTTan
erTad da uruseTod. Tbilisi, 2007, gv. 32-33). ruseTis
imperatoris mier samegrelos samTavros qveSevrdomobaSi miReba
imereTis samefos suverenitetis Selaxvas niSnavda, radgan de
iure samegrelos mTavari imereTis mefis qveSevrdomi iyo.
85
1804 wels saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali pavle
cicianovi jariT SeiWra imereTSi da solomon II aiZula,
ruseTis imperiis qveSevrdomoba mieRo. ruseTis imperatorisaTvis
gasagzavn `saTxovar punqtebs~ imereTis mefem xeli moawera 1804
wlis 25 aprils sofel elaznaurSi. 1804 wlis 4 ivliss
imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma xeli moawera sigels imereTis
samefos ruseTis imperiis qveSevrdomobaSi („в вечное подданство“) miRebis Taobaze (merab vaGnaZe, vaxtang guruli. ruseTTan erTad
da uruseTod. Tbilisi, 2007, gv. 34-35). 1809 wels saqarTvelos
mTavarsardalma generalma aleqsandre tormasovma,
peterburgidan miRebuli miTiTebis Tanaxmad, solomon II
taxtidan gadaayena, xolo 1810 wels mefe Seipyro. imave wels
solomon II tyveobidan gaiqca da taxtis dabrunebas Seecada.
ruseTis jari imereTSi SeiWra. solomon II damarcxda da
osmaleTSi gadaixvewa (merab vaGnaZe, vaxtang guruli. ruseTTan
erTad da uruseTod. Tbilisi, 2007, gv. 35).
dapyrobili imereTis samefos teritoriaze Seiqmna imereTis
olqi. 1810 wels saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali
aleqsandre tormasovi imereTis olqis pirvel mmarTvelad
daniSnul polkovnik Tevdore simonoviGs werda, rom igi
daniSnulia `imereTis, samegrelos, guriisa da afxazeTis
mmarTvelad~. 1814 wlis dasawyisSi SemuSavebuli iqna imereTis
droebiTi mmarTvelobis debuleba. imereTis olqi gaiyo
okrugebad. es okrugebi iyo: quTaisis, vanis, Sorapnisa da raWis.
imereTis droebiTi mmarTvelobis (1810-1840 ww.) saTaveSi rusi
moxele _ mmarTveli idga. imereTis pirveli mmarTvelebi iyvnen:
polkovniki Tevdore simonoviGi (1810-1815), polkovniki stanislav
merlini (1815-1816), generali ivane xatuncovi (1816-1820), polkovniki
ivane puzirevski (1820 w.) (goderZi vaWriZe. imereTis droebiTi
mmarTveloba (1810-1840 ww.). quTaisi, 1999.).
imereTis samefos dapyrobisa da samefo xelisuflebis
gauqmebis Semdeg ruseTis saimperatoro kari lixTimereTisa da
afxazTa sakaTalikosos gauqmebisaTvis iwyebs mzadebas (giorgi
mWedliZe, merab kezevaZe. quTais-gaenaTis eparqia. quTaisi, 2008, gv.
228-232).
lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sakaTalikosos gauqmebisaTvis
pirobebs amzadebda ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodi da misi
ober-prokurori aleqsandre golicini. amjerad saqarTveloSi
ruseTis saeklesio politikis gamtareblad gvevlineba goris
86
episkoposi dosiTeozi. episkopos dosiTeozis mier Sedgenili
proeqti uwmides sinodSi moiwones da dasamtkiceblad
warudgines imperator aleqsandre I-s. 1814 wlis 30 agvistos
imperatorma proeqti moiwona da daamtkica. imperatori werda:
„Разсмотрев представленное обер-прокурором Синода кн. Голицыным отношение к нему Горийскаго епископа Доситея насчет устройства духовных дел в Грузии и иных присоединенных к Державе Российской областях, и находя предположения его полезными для церкви, обращаю подлинное отношение в Синод для надлежащаго исполнения по всем пунктам онаго, Мною утверждаемым, кроме 27-го, о котором последует ре-шение особо“ (Акты, V, II, стр. 407). uwmidesi sinodis wardginebiT
1814 wlis 30 agvistos imperatorma proeqtis Semdgenel goris
episkopos dosiTeozs `Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis
arqiepiskoposoba~ uboZa da imavdroulad oseTis sasuliero
komisiis Tavmjdomared daadgina (Акты, V, II, стр. 407). mainc ras warmoadgenda goris episkopos dosiTeozis mier
Sedgenili proeqti, romelic `ruseTis saxelmwifos mier
saqarTvelosa da sxva SemoerTebul olqebSi sasuliero
saqmeebis mowyobas~ iTvaliswinebda? dokumenti vrcelia, magram,
vfiqrobT, misi Sinaarsis dawvrilebiT gadmocema
interesmoklebuli ar iqneba (iseve rogorc imdroindel sxva
oficialur dokumentebSi, amjeradac „Грузия“ ixmareba mxolod
qarTl-kaxeTis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos) aRsaniSnavad, „Имеретия“ umetes SemTxvevaSi ixmareba yofili imereTis samefos te-
ritoriis aRsaniSnavad, zogjer ki mTeli dasavleT saqarTvelos
(lixTimereTis) mniSvnelobiT. „Грузия и Имеретия“ umetes
SemTxvevaSi niSnavs mTel saqarTvelos).
1814 wlis 30 agvistos imperator aleqsandre I-is mier
damtkicebuli sasuliero saqmeebis mowyobis proeqti aseTi
Sinaarsisa iyo:
1. saqarTvelosa da imereTSi iqneboda uwmidesi sinodis erTi
egzarqosi da igi iwodeboda ase: `saqarTvelosa da imereTis
egzarqosi~.
2. TbilisSi arsdeboda uwmidesi sinodis saqarTvelo-imereTis
sinodaluri kantora, romelic iqneboda uwmidesi sinodis
uSualo daqvemdebarebaSi, iseve rogorc moskovis sinodaluri
kantora. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris daarsebiT
uqmdeboda TbilisSi arsebuli dikasteria. samagierod dikasteria
87
arsdeboda quTaisSi, romlis gamgeblobaSi Sevidodnen imereTis,
samegrelosa da guriis samRvdeloeba, eklesiebi da monastrebi.
3. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris Tavmjdomare
unda yofiliyo saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosi, xolo
wevrebi _ Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi, ori
arqimandriti da ori dekanozi. es ki imas niSnavda, rom
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris wevrebi xdebodnen:
saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosi varlami, Telavisa da
saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi dosiTeozi, qvabTaxevis mo-
nastris winamZRvari arqimandriti aTanase, kidev erTi
arqimandriti da ori dekanozi mogvianebiT airGeoda. quTaisSi
Seqmnili dikasteriis upirvelesi wevri (Tavmjdomare) iqneboda
quTaTeli mRvdelmTavari, xolo wevrebi _ erTi arqimandriti da
ori dekanozi. dikasteriis Semadgenlobas daamtkicebda
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora.
4. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras eyoleboda V
klasis prokurori, romelsac unda scodnoda rusuli da
qarTuli enebi. prokuroris movaleoba iyo sinodalur kantorasa
da dikasteriaSi saqmis warmoebaze Tvalyuris devneba.
prokuroris damxmared unda aerGiaT sami ufrosi oficeri,
romelTagan erTi iqneboda gorSi, meore _ TelavSi, mesame _
quTaisSi. maT movaleobas Seadgenda, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi,
prokuroris saqmis kursSi Gayeneba.
5. saqmis warmoebisaTvis saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur
kantoraSi unda yofiliyo ori VIII klasis mdivani. erTi maTgani
dakavebuli iqneboda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos („Грузия“), xolo
meore _ dasavleT saqarTvelos („Имеретия“) saqmeebiT. orive
mdivans unda hyoloda TiTo magidis ufrosi da mwerali, aseve
ori X klasis mTargmneli. dikasterias unda hyoloda erTi X
klasis mdivani, erTi XII klasis mTargmneli da ori mwerali.
6. rodesac saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris
wevrebiT dakompleqteba dasruldeboda, amis Taobaze saqmis
kursSi unda GaeyenebinaT saqarTvelos mTavarsardali,
saqarTvelosa (qarTl-kaxeTis) da imereTis samoqalaqo
xelisufleba (saqarTvelos umaRles mTavroba da imereTis
droebiT mmarTveloba _ v. g.) da uwmindes sinodi.
7. saqarTveloSi unda Seqmniliyo sami eparqia: qarTlis,
oseTisa da siRnaRisa. pirveli eparqiis mRvdelmTavari iqneboda
saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosi tituliT: `mcxeTis,
88
Tbilisisa da qarTlis mitropoliti~, meorisa _ Telavisa da
saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi, mesamisa _ siRnaRisa da
qiziyis episkoposi (am kaTedraze ukve damtkicebuli iyo
alaverdis eparqiis mRvdelmTavari ioane). garda amisa,
gaTvaliswinebuli iyo saqarTvelos qorepiskoposis Tanamdebobis
daweseba. es Tanamdebobda gankuTvnili iyo yofili wilknis
eparqiis mRvdelmTavrisaTvis _ gervasisaTvis. misi tituli
iqneboda: saqarTvelosa da goris qorepiskoposi.
8. imereTSi (dasavleT saqarTveloSi) arsebuli eparqiebi
xeluxleblad unda darGeniliyo mRvdelmTavrebis sicocxlis
bolomde. mRvdelmTavris gardacvalebis Semdeg sinodalur
kantoras uwmidesi sinodisaTvis unda moexsenebina Tavisi azri
eparqiebis Taobaze.
9. saqarTvelosa (aRmosavleT saqarTvelosa) da imereTis
(dasavleT saqarTvelos) eparqiebis mRvdelmTavrebs unda
exelmZRvanelaT: wmida weriliT, wmida mociqulTa kanonebiT,
saxelmwifos kanonmdeblobiT da uwmidesi sinodis
dadgenilebebiT. aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mRvdelmTavrebs
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi unda miemarTaT saqarTvelo-imereTis
sinodaluri kantorisaTvis, dasavleT saqarTvelos
mRvdelmTavrebs _ quTaisSi arsebuli dikasteriisaTvis.
10. eklesiebze, RvTismsaxurebze da eklesiis msaxurebze
Tvalyuris devnebisa da wesrigis dacvis mizniT yovel 10
eklesias (SeiZleba cota metze da cota naklebze, geografiuli
mdebareobis mixedviT) unda hyoloda erTi blaRoGini.
blaRoGinebis daniSvna eparqiis mRvdelmTavrebis uflebas
warmoadgenda. blaRoGinis daniSvnisa da gadayenebis Taobaze
mRvdelmTavars saqmis kursSi unda Gaeyenebina sinodaluri
kantora (aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi) an dikasteria (dasavleT
saqarTveloSi).
11. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras gaxsnis Semdeg
unda gadaebarebina Tbilisis yofil dikasteriaSi gansaxilvelad
Sesuli saqmeebi. momavalSi, Semosavlisa da gasavlis dadgenis
procesSi, sinodalur kantoras quTaisSi arsebuli
dikasteriisaTvis unda moeTxova imereTis, guriisa da
samegrelos eparqiebis Semosavlebis zusti aRricxva, raTa
samRvdeloebis sarGos daniSvna gamxdariyo SesaZlebeli.
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras uwmidesi sinodisaTvis
unda waredgina yovelwliuri xarjTaRricxva.
89
12. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ganixilavda ara
marto uwmidesi sinodidan Semosul saqmeebs, aramed quTaisis
dikasteriidan da qarTl-kaxeTis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos)
mRvdelmTavrebidan Sesul saqmeebs.
13. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ganixilavda
saeklesio mamulebis saqmes, romelsac gadascemda prokurori.
14. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ganixilavda im
saeklesio mamulebis saqmes, romelic ekuTvnoda erT eparqias,
magram mdebareobda meore eparqiis teritoriaze.
15. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ruseTis
eklesiis uwmides sinods yovelwliurad acnobebda gadawyvetili
saqmeebis raodenobas, aseve im saqmeebis raodenobas, romelic
raime mizeziT ver gadawyda.
16. quTaisis dikasteria imereTis, samegrelosa da guriis
teritoriaze arsebuli eparqiebis saqmeebs ganxilvis Semdeg
dasamtkiceblad warudgenda saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur
kantoras, weliwadSi oTxjer angariSs Gaabarebda mniSvnelovani
movlenebis, aseve Semosavlisa da gasavlis Taobaze.
17. Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposs
ekisreboda igive movaleoba, rac aqamde dakisrebuli hqonda
mozdokSi arsebul oseTis sasuliero komisias.
18. Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis eparqiaSi unda yofiliyo
Savi samRvdeloeba: 1 arqimandriti, 1 iRumeni, 4 berdiakoni, 2
ierodiakoni; TeTri samRvdeloeba: 2 mRvdeli, 1 diakoni da 8
mnaTe; X klasis 1 mdivani, XII klasis 1 mTargmneli da 2 mwerali.
19. zemoxsenebuli sasuliero pirebis xeldasxmas, daniSvnasa
da gadayenebas Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi
axdenda.
20. Grdilo kavkasiis mTianeTSi Telavisa da saqarTvelo-
kavkasiis arqiepiskoposis, aseve misionerebis gasacileblad unda
gamoyofiliyo 30 cxenosani saeklesio glexebidan, aseve 100
kazaki.
21. Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposma oseTis
sasuliero komisiis saqmeTa Taobaze moxseneba unda warudginos
ruseTis eklesiis uwmides sinods da daelodos sinodis
gadawyvetilebas.
22. kaxeTis qalaqi Telavi da qarTlis qalaqi ananuri, imis
gamo, rom osebTan da kavkasiis mTielebTan axlos mdebareobs,
90
gadavides Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposis
gamgeblobaSi.
23. imereTis samRvdeloebis da eklesiis msaxurTa Svi-
lebisaTvis qalaq quTaisSi daarsdes sasuliero seminaria.
24. 1811 wels imperatoris brZanebiT damtkicebuli iyo 5
saarqimandrito. 1811 wels erT saarqimandritod gaerTianda ioane
naTlismcemlisa da SuamTis monastrebi. SuamTis monasteri
gamoiyofoda calke saarqimandritod da SuamTis arqimandriti
unda gamxdariyo Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqimandritis
monacvle (moadgile), romelsac eparqia unda emarTa arqiepisko-
posis eparqiaSi aryofnis dros.
25. Tu ramdeni monasteri unda yofiliyo imereTSi (dasavleT
saqarTveloSi), unda gadaewyvita saqarTvelo-imereTis
sinodalur kantoras da Tavisi mosazreba waredgina
sinodisaTvis.
26. Tu eparqiebis mRvdelmTavrebi, arqimandritebi da
monastris winamZRvrebi gaamravlebdnen saeklesio uZrav da
moZrav qonebas, maTi sarGo gaizrdeboda.
27. sasuliero da saero pirebis xelfasi unda gansazRv-
ruliyo Semdegnairad (vercxlis maneTebSi): 1) saqarTvelosa da
imereTis egzarqoss _ 5.000 maneTi, 2) Telavisa da saqarTvelo-
kavkasiis arqiepiskoposs _ 3.000 maneTi, 3) siRnaRisa da qiziyis
mRvdelmTavars _ 2.000 maneTi, 4) goris episkopossa da
saqarTvelos qorepiskoposs _ 1.500 maneTi, 5) SuamTis monastris
arqimandrits _ 400 maneTi.
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoraSi unda dawe-
sebuliyo Semdegi xelfasebi: 1) prokurors _ 1.000 maneTi, 2) sam
vaqils _ 250 maneTi TiToeuls, 3) or mdivans _ 400 maneTi
TiToeuls, 4) magidis or ufross _ 200 maneTi TiToeuls, 5) or
mTargmnels _ 300 maneTi TiToeuls, 6) or mwerals _ 150 maneTi
TiToeuls, 7) sakancelario xarjebisaTvis _ 500 maneTi.
oseTis sasuliero komisiaSi unda dawesebuliyo Semdegi
xelfasebi: 1) mdivans _ 350 maneTi, 2) mTargmnels _ 300 maneTi, 3)
or mwerals _ 150 maneTi TiToeuls, 4) sakancelario
xarjebisaTvis _ 300 maneTi (Акты, V, II, стр. 407-410). saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris prokuroris mier
1815 wlis 8 maisis saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general nikoloz
rtiSGevisaTvis wardgenili moxsenebidan irkveva, rom
imperatoris 1814 wlis 30 agvistos brZanebis Sesabamisad,
91
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora gaxsnila 1815 wlis 8
Tebervals. am movlenis aRsaniSnavad Tbilisis sionis taZarSi
sazeimo wirva aRasrula saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosma,
mcxeTis, Tbilisisa da qarTlis mitropolitma, aleqsandre
nevelisa da wm. anas I xarisxis ordenebis kavalerma varlamma
(erisTavma). wirvis dasrulebis Semdeg mitropolitma varlamma
aRavlina locva imperator aleqsandre I-isa da romanovTa samefo
saxlis dRegrZelobisaTvis (Акты, V, II, стр. 413-414). saqarTvelo-
imereTis sinodaluri kantora Seudga muSaobas.
1815 wlis oqtomberSi saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosma
varlamma imogzaura imereTSi, guriasa da samegreloSi, Sexvda
mRvdelmTavrebsa da Tavadaznaurobas. 1815 wlis 26 oqtombers
egzarqosma varlamma moxseneba warudgina saqarTvelos
mTavarsardal general nikoloz rtiSGevs. egzarqosi Tvlida,
rom imereTis, samegrelosa da guriis saqmeebi umjobesi iqneboda
gadawyvetiliyo saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoraSi.
praqtikulad egzarqosi varlami quTaisSi dikasteriis arsebobas
mizanSewonilad ar miiGnevda (Акты, V, II, стр. 415-416). ase daasrula arseboba lixTimereTisa da afxazTa
sakaTalikosom.
1811-1814 wlebSi jer mcxeTis sapatriarqos, xolo Semdeg
lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos gauqmeba iyo qarTl-
kaxeTisa da imereTis samefoebis gauqmebis logikuri gagrZeleba.
saxelmwifoebriobisa da eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)
gauqmebiT ruseTis saimperatoro kari cdilobda sanukvari
miznis asrulebas _ saqarTvelos gadaqcevas ruseTis imperiis
ganuyofel nawilad.
92
sarCevi
winasityva ................................................................................ 3
Tavi I. mcxeTis sapatriarqos TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)
gauqmeba ................................................... 6
1. eklesiis sakiTxi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da
ruseTis imperiis urTierTobaSi (1771-1800 ww.) ......... 6
2. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis momzadeba
(1801-1809 ww.) ....................................................................... 10
3. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmeba
(1809-1811 ww.) ....................................................................... 38
4. viTareba mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis
Semdeg (1811-1814 ww.) .......................................................... 99
Tavi II. lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos
gauqmeba (1814-1815 ww.) ....................................................107