Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

RUTGERS SYMPOSIUM ON LUNAR SETTLEMENTS 3-8 JUNE 2007 RUTGERS UNIVERSITY

Surface Infrastructure Planning and Design Considerations for Future Lunar and Mars Habitation

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Launch Systems

• Heavy Lift Vehicles (HLVs) with capabilities to launch payloads approaching 100MT and 7 meter diameter

• Approaches that utilize Medium Lift Vehicles (MLVs) with capacities ranging from about 15MT to somewhat less than 100MT

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Lander Considerations

Typical Lander Concept SICSA Lander Concept

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Module Options

1. Conventional module2. Telescopic module3. Vertical module with a

spherical inflatable section

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Vertical Module Configurations• A triangular pattern scheme affords

certain advantages and disadvantages:Pros: A relatively compact configuration

footprint at the entry airlock level can minimize the area for site surface preparation if required.Loop egress is achieved with three modules.

Con: May be more difficult to position/ assemble.

• A rectilinear scheme also offers advantages/ disadvantages:

Pros: Greater spacing between berthing locations affords more useful wall/ equipment space.

Con: Larger footprint for good site selection and/ or surface preparation. 4 modules are needed for loop egress.

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Combination Configurations• The triangular scheme offers

advantages and disadvantages:Pros: A very compact footprint around the

inflatable module support bases to minimize site surface preparation requirements. Loop egress is achieved with 3 inflatable modules.

Con: May be more difficult to assemble.• The cruciform scheme also offers

advantages and disadvantages:Pros: The deployment footprint around the

horizontal module is quite small, limiting site preparation.The scheme can begin as a cruciform and evolve into a closed-loop plan.

Con: Dual egress is not achieved until 4 modules are in place.

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Configuration ComparisonsSpace/Launch Efficiency

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Configuration ComparisonsEmergency Egress

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Configuration ComparisonsModule Commonality

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Configuration ComparisonsEvolutionary Growth

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Configuration ComparisonsSurface Positioning

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Inflatable Upper Level Plan

• Sleeping/Private1. Partitions2. Bed and storage3. Table4. Chair5. Shelves6. Privacy curtains

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Sleeping/Private Accommodations

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Inflatable Second Level Plan

• Labs and Crew Workstations

– Glovebox– Sample Photography– Lab’s Workstation– Experiment Tanks– Sink/Refrigerator/

Freezer– Fabric Storage

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Inflatable Lower Level Plan

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Common Areas

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Exercise/Medical Area

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Exercise and Common Area

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX

Site Development Considerations

1. Orbital satellite imaging and unmanned precursor surface surveys should be undertaken to determine safe landing locations with appropriate terrain characteristics for base development.• Robotic surface investigation and mapping rovers can determine

optimized routings between landing and operational locations and deploy beacons.

• Automated survey/mapping rovers can later work in conjunction with rovers used for power cable deployment and cargo/human transport.

2. Landing sites must be located at sufficient distances from habitats and other sensitive areas. • Use of tethered landers can greatly reduce or avoid projectile hazards.• RTGs or other power systems that produce radiation safety hazards

must be located at a safe distance away from habitable facilities..

Larry Bell, Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA)Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston TX