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Road Safety

First Week of

January Wecelebrate Road

Safety week.

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ROAD SAFETY

Every year, out of 2.1 lacs unnatural deathsin India, nearly 68,000 (more than 34% )

are due to road accidents . One out of every

69 vehicles meets with an accident,causing

169 deaths per day and 710 injured (2.6

lacs per year). 80% of these accidents are

due to driving faults.

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Accidents can cause death or a serious injury. An

accident causes agony to the victim and hisnearest kith and kins, shattering the wholefamily.

In a survey conducted of 1200 drivers, nearly

50% had no knowledge of traffic rules,33% werenot aware of the significance of road signs, 63%admitted that they are not observing traffic rulesthough they are aware of the rules.

Only 20% know how to overtake correctly.Indiahas hardly 1% of all the total vehicles in theworld, and yet contributes to 6% of the totalaccidents in the World.

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DRIVE TO STAY ALIVE

It has been proved world over that

accidents can be reduced by a threepronged attack on the traffic problemcalled 3ES, namely

Engineering Enforcement

Education.

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Engineering effort means making the vehicles &

road safer. Enforcement means the government authorities

must enforce the rules & regulation,effectively.

Education is the one factor which is in our

control. By educating the drivers about thetechnique & skills & by fostering awareness ofthe drivers attitude

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Specific defensive techniques arehighlighted as under.

DEFENSIVE DRIVING:

Defensive Driving is driving to save lives,

time & money in spite of the conditionsaround you & the actions of others.

The conditions can be that of

road,weather,traffic,light etc. & the actionsof others can be violations,discourtesy,lackof knowledge of other drivers etc.

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KNOWLEDGE:

Knowledge of the regional traffic rules is veryimportant in becoming a defensive driver.Youmust know the vehicles you are drivingthoroughly.

Defensive driving requires ALERTNESS. Motorvehicle drivers have only their eyes,ears,brains,hands & feet to keep them fromdisaster behind the wheel.

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FORESIGHT:

Foresight is the ability to anticipate & prepare formost of the eventualities.

* Long Range

* Immediate.

The driver who checks the vehicle carefully,before starting a trip is exercising long rangeforesight.

The driver who notices the situation of traffic atan inter-section down the road, is usingimmediate foresight. The driver may noticechildren playing on the side walk and shouldforesee the likelihood of their suddenly comingon the road.

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Both types of foresight can be developed

& improved by training & constant &

conscious practice.

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GOOD JUDGMENT:

Good judgment means that there arealways alternatives in any traffic situations.We always have more than one choice.

Sometimes, that choice is limited to whichof the two accidents to have, for there isalways a less dangers one. Good judgmentmeans using our common sense & intuition

to choose wisely & quickly. For e.g.,Youhave to judge whether to have a head oncollision with a vehicle suddenly coming inyour path or move left & run off the road.

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Skill

Last but not the least, defensive drivingrequires SKILL to maneuvers a vehicleproperly while making turns, passing,

changing gears & parking.Skilled drivers know to make thesemaneuvers right way every time, in basic& emergency conditions.

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STANDARD ACCIDENT PREVENTION

FORMULA(1) RECOGNISE THE HAZARD(2)UNDERSTAND THE DEFENSE

(3) ACT CORRECTLY IN TIME.The ability to recognize the hazard,understand the defense & act accordinglyin time is the foundation of DEFENSIVEDRIVING.

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RECOGNIZE HAZARDS

To recognize hazards successfully, mustavoid driving with a fixed stare on thevehicle just ahead.The Defensive Driver

scans the road 12 to 15 seconds aheadwhen driving in town & 20-30 secondseye-lead time for highways 12-15 secondstime means the distance the vehicle will

travel in 12-15 seconds.)A good rule of the thumb is to scan thehorizon. Hazards behind & on the sides arerecognized by checking the view & sidemirrors ever few seconds.

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ROAD SAFETY

Once your have recognized a potentialhazard you must understand what to doabout it by anticipating what probably willhappen & deciding what to do to prevent

an accident. Brake (Stop or Slowdown)

Steer to the left or right.

Tap the horn to warn/communicate ourpresence & our intentions to others.

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SIX CONDITIONS

There are six conditions an expertaccomplished driver must consider whiledriving.

(1) Light(2)Road(3)Weather(4)Traffic(5)Vehicle (6)Driver

(a) No Street lights or they are not working.

(b) Our head lights are not working or theirbeams are not properly adjusted.

(c) Insufficient light from our head lights tosee hazard ahead & react in time. This iscalled over-riding the head lights.

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Blinded by on coming vehicle

our pupils need 4-7 seconds to readjustfrom bright blinding light to normal lightconditions at night, by which time at a

speed of 60 km/h, we will be traveling120-190 meters which is more than thelength of a foot ball field.

Be extra cautious at night.57% of all

traffic deaths happen at night. To see & to be seen is important.Keep the

wind screen & lights clean & in working

conditions.

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BLINED BY ONCOMING VEHICLE

To defend ourselves when we are blindedby an oncoming vehicle;

1. Slow down to increase the following

distance of the vehicle ahead.2. Turn off our head light briefly to

communicate with the oncoming vehicles

driver.3. Look to the left or edge of road to keep uson our while we cant look ahead.

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ROAD SAFETY

When we are blinded by the vehicle

behindallow the vehicle to pass. Sometimes, the

light may be poor even in day time. It may

be due to dawn/dusk, a tunnel, foggy/rainydays. In this situation, turn on theheadlight on the low beam, put on parkinglights & reduce speed which will increase

the following distance from the vehicle infront.

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ADVERSE ROAD CONDITIONS

Curves, hills,narrow width ofpavement,damaged road surface,poorly markedroad,wet & slippery pavements, potholes,railroad tracks,construction areas are some of the

adverse road conditions.Look out for road signs & be warned aboutcondition of the road ahead & as aDEFENSIVE DRIVER recognize the changing

conditions & adjust your driving accordingly.

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ROAD SAFETY

ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS

Rain,snow,sleet,fog,smog,dust,wind &humidity are some of the adverse weatherconditions.

Rain,snow etc. make the roads slippery. In

light drizzle,the oil on the road & watermake a layer & allows the tyres to float onits surface reducing the contact with theroad. This condition makes thevehicle,skid. To avoid this,slowdownwhen it starts raining & increase thedistance from the vehicle in front. Watch

out for other drives who may loose

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In foggy or smoggy weather,put onparking lights & your head lights in

low beam for best visibility, as well

as to be seen.In really bad weather it is better to

surrender & postpone your trip until

conditions improve,or pull off theroad as far as possible & turn off all

lights except flashers.

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TRAFFIC

Traffic can be congested in morning orevening rush hours.Watch out forpedestrians especially during lunch hour

& near schools & institutes. We have toadjust our driving according to thesituation we face or take an alternateroute. Always yield the right of way to

pedestrians.

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VEHICLE

The poor condition of our vehicle can alsocause an accident.

Our vehicles wont respond unless all

components are in good workingcondition.Tyre conditions & specified tyrepressure is necessary for fuel economy.Check

brakes,horn,exhaust,windshield,taillights,wipers,lights,fluid level & othersregularly. Safety belts,helmets are lifesavers,but only when they are used

ro erl . Make it click.

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ROAD SAFETY

Before driving an unfamiliar vehicle,take

time to get to know where the controls are& how they operate.

Every vehicle must be maintained &

driven in such condition thatsmoke,visible vapours ,sparks,ashes oroily substances are not emitted & run withthe least noise. Every vehicle is required

to be tested for pollution under control.Pollution control standards are laid downin terms of carbon monoxide,smoke,hydro-carbons & nitrogen acidslimitations.

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ROAD SAFETYDRIVER

The ATTITUDE of a driver can becontrolled.

Many drivers drive from one place toanother,& are not able to recall anythingthey saw on the way-One gets behind thewheel & puts his mind on Auto Pilot &have the body drive the vehicle.

The whole time the mind tends to think ofeverything else except the driving.DONOT DAY DREAM OR POLAN WHILEDRIVING.

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ROAD SAFETY

It is important to be extra cautious when

you find yourself in the followingconditions:-

ANGER

If you have an argument withsomeone,your behavior is affected byquicker acceleration,aggressive & recklessdriving. Anger does have an impact on

your driving. To dissipate the emotions,you can take several deep breaths,go for ashort walk,count one to hundred oranything to get rid of the anger.

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TIRED

When you are tired,the reactions areslowed down.The thought process will notwork at full capacity. Do not try to pushyourself that extra couple of kilometers.Pull off the road, get out & walk aroundthe vehicle.If possible take a short nap.Dont think that you can make it to the

destination without falling asleep. If youfall asleep, you may not wake up again.

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DEPRESSED

When you are depressed,you tend to havean I dont care attitude.You take

chances while driving that you normally

would not take. Try to change your moodby thinking about a pleasant experience,or

do something to put the mind in a better

mood.

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ROAD SAFETY

HURRY

You can not make up 30 minutes ofdriving time in 15 minutes. If you arebehind schedule,resign to the fact that youwill be late. If your try to make up the losttime, you drive in a much more dangerousmanner & tend to think of making up thelost time. Do not put your self in this

situation & lead to an accident.

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ROAD SAFETY

ALCOHOL

Alcohol & driving do not mix well.

Alcohol impairs judgment, reaction

time,vision & co-ordination.Replacement

of normal fear of consequences by overconfidence,leading to foolish chances

being taken,temporary loss of knowledge

of safety rules are the potential hazards.

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DRUGS

Check with your physician whether theprescribed drug will have any side effectswhich can affect your driving ability.

PHYSUCAL IMPAIRMENTS

Vision or hearing problems,muscle

weakness,heart disease & diabetes areconditions that can increase your drivingrisk.Consult your physician whether youare fit to drive.

ROAD SAFETY

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ROAD SAFETYDISTRACTION

Even a moments distraction can cause an

accident.A distraction by a passenger, abee can be serious.ADEFENSIVEDRIVER should not get distracted.

Statistics has proved that nearly 70% to80% of all traffic accidents are caused bydrivers error.Expert DEFENSIVEDRIVERS, avoid getting into tight

spots.They recognized that when the otherfive conditions namelylight,road,weather,traffic,& the vehicle arepoor; their attitude, attentiveness & skillare all that ma revent an accident.

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We seldom meet all these poor conditions

one at a time.Usually they may gang up &make driving a difficult task.

As a DEFENSIVE DRIVER one mustidentify all the conditions present in anydriving situation & adjust to them.

HOW TO PREVENT AN ACCIDENT

Knowing how to adjust your driving inthe face of adverse driving conditions, youmust now look at the actions of others.

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Thanks,

K.P.Desai

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