RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT M/s. Godrej...

EIA Report Godrej Agrovet Limited (GAVL)

Prepared By Rightsource Industrial Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT M/s. Godrej Agrovet Limited will execute the proposed project expansion activity at their

existing premises located at Plot Nos.: E-24, E-24 (Part) and E-23/1, MIDC Lote Parshuram,

Taluka: Khed, District: Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India. Now, since the unit has been located in

Notified MIDC area, as per the OM No. J-11011/321/2016-IA-II(I) dated 27th April 2018 public

hearing is exempted for the industries which are located in industrial estate or parks notified

prior to 14.09.2006 i.e. the EIA Notification 2006 coming into force.

RISK ASSESSMENT

The risk assessment process is intended to identify existing and probable hazards in all

operations and work environment, to quantify the hazards and to access the risk levels of

those hazards in order to prioritize those that need an immediate attention.

7.1.1 SCOPE OF THIS STUDY

The QRA (Quantitative Risk Assessment) study has been conducted considering the Terms of

References (TORs) given for Environment Clearance (EC) by SEAC Committee, GoI, New

Delhi.

The study has been carried out with a view to comply TOR points with respect to Risk

assessment

7.1.2 Methodology

The following parameters are considered to prepare Quantitative Risk Assessment.

Discussions were held with Plant officials on proposed individual safety systems of plant

operations.

Hazard Identification exercise in coordination with plant officials was conducted taking into

consideration the proposed storage of Hazardous Chemicals/ Solvents, operating parameters

and proposed safety systems.

Containment failure scenarios related to flammable chemicals & hazardous chemicals have

been considered for Risk Assessment and consequences in detail. Thus, this study is mainly

oriented towards acute risks rather than chronic risks.



Discussions were held with Plant officials on various Hazards in connection with the plant

operations & their Risks and proposed individual safety systems for plant operations.

Hazard Identification

The project description, and other project related data provided by the client have been

comprehensively reviewed to identify the hazardous operations. Also the information on the

hazardous properties (MSDS) of all the chemicals handled at the site has been reviewed to

identify the hazards associated with the same. Storage of some of the raw material at the site

can lead to uncontrolled release of hazardous material causing hazard. On the basis of this,

the important hazards that can lead to accident in the proposed expansion project are

tabulated below.

TABLE 7.1: TYPE OF HAZARDOUS EVENTS

Type of event Description Explosion A release of large amount of energy that form a blast wave

Pool Fire

Pool fire is a turbulent diffusion fire burning above a horizontal pool of

vaporizing hydrocarbon fuel, where the fuel has zero or low initial

momentum

Spill Release

Loss of containment‘. Release of flammable liquid to the surroundings

from unit‘s own Storage containers causing (potential) pollution or risk

of explosion or formation of Toxic vapor cloud

Flammable area

Vapor Cloud

Explosion

Explosion resulting from vapor clouds formed from flashing liquids

Hazard and Damage Assessment

Toxic and flammable substances released from sources of storage as a result of failures or

catastrophes, can cause losses in the surrounding area in the form of:

Toxic gas dispersion, resulting in toxic levels in ambient air,

Puddle /pool Fires resulting in a heat wave (radiation), or

Explosions (Vapor Cloud Explosions) resulting in blast waves (overpressure).

Consequences of Fire/Heat Wave



The effect of thermal radiation on people is mainly a function of intensity of radiation and

exposure time. The effect is expressed in term of the probability of death and different degree

of burn. The consequence effects studied to assess the impact of the events on the receptors

are given in the table below.

TABLE 7.2: THERMAL RADIATION INTENSITY AND EXPOSURE TIME-DAMAGE CRITERIA FOR PEOPLE

Thermal Radiation Intensity (KW/m2) Type of Damage

1.6 No harm for long exposures. 4 to 5 Pain for 20 seconds exposure; first degree burn 9.5 Second degree burn after 20 Seconds

10 to 15 Potentially lethal with in 1 minute. 25 Significant injury in 10 seconds; 100 % lethality in 1 minute.

35 to 37.5 1 % lethality in 10 seconds. Consequences of Overpressure

The effects of the shock wave vary depending on the characteristics of the material, the

quantity involved and the degree of confinement of the vapor cloud. The pressure of the shock

wave decreases rapidly with the increase in distance from the source of the explosion. The

overpressure damage is discussed in table below.

TABLE 7.3: DAMAGE DUE TO OVERPRESSURES

PEAK OVERPRESSURE DAMAGE TYPE

0.83 bar Total destruction

0.30 bar Heavy damage

0.10 bar Moderate damage

0.03 bar Significant damage

0.01 bar Minor damage

The effect of exposure to toxic substance depends upon the duration of exposure and the

concentration of the toxic substance. Short-term exposures to high concentration give Acute

Effects while long term exposures to low concentrations result in Chronic Effects.

Only acute effects are considered under hazard analysis, since they are likely credible

scenarios.

These effects are:



Irritation (respiratory system, skin, eyes) Narcosis (nervous system)

Asphyxiation (oxygen deficiency)

System damage (blood organs)

Following are some of the common terms used to express toxicity of materials.

1. Threshold Limit Value (TLV): It is the permitted level of exposure for a given period on a

weighted average basis (usually 8 hr. /day, 40 hr. /week)

2. Short Time Exposure Limit (STEL): It is the permitted short term exposure limit usually for a

15 minutes exposure.

3. Immediately Dangerous to life and health (IDLH): It represents the maximum concentration

of a chemical from which, in the event of respiratory failure, one could escape within 30

minutes without a respirator and without experiencing any escape/impairing (e.g. severe

irritation) or irreversible health effects.

4. Lethal Concentration Low (LCLo): It is the lowest concentration of a material in air, other

than LC50, which has been reported to cause a death in human or animals.

5. LD50: LD stands for "Lethal Dose". LD50 is the amount of a material, given all at once,

which causes the death of 50% (one half) of a group of test animals. The LD50 is one way to

measure the short-term poisoning potential (acute toxicity) of a material.

6. Toxic Concentration Low (TCLo): It is the lowest concentration of a material in air, to which

humans or animals have been exposed for any given period of time that has produced a toxic

effects in humans or produced carcinogenic, neoplastigenic or tetratogenic effect in humans or

animals.

7. Emergency Response Planning Guidelines1 (EPRG1): The maximum airborne

concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1

hour (without a respirator) without experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects

or without perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor.

8. Emergency Response Planning Guidelines2 (ERPG2): The maximum airborne


hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or

symptoms that could impair their abilities to take protective action.

9. Emergency Response Planning Guidelines 3 (ERPG3): The maximum airborne


hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.



Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs)

AEGL-3 is the airborne concentration, expressed as parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per

cubic meter (mg/m3), of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population,

including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening health effects or death.

AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of a substance above

which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could

experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired

ability to escape.

AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of a substance above

which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could

experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects.

However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of

exposure.

7.2 Risk Assessment and damage control

Godrej Agrovet Limited will handle various chemicals, some of which are hazardous in nature

by virtue of their intrinsic chemical properties or their operating temperatures or pressures or a

combination of them. Fire, explosion, toxic release or combinations of them are the hazards

associated with industrial plants using hazardous chemicals. More comprehensive and

systematic methods have been adopted in Hazard Identification and Quantitative Risk

Assessment to improve upon the integrity, reliability and safety of the plants. The same has

been discussed in detail under their respective headings.

7.2.1 Objectives of Risk Assessment

Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and

assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards present.

This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario,

vulnerability of population etc., much of this information is difficult to get or generate.

Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies.

The risk assessment process is primarily based on likelihood of occurrence of the risks

identified and their possible hazard consequences particularly being evaluated through

hypothetical accident scenarios. With respect to the proposed project expansion, major risks



are leaks from storage tanks, rupture of Pipelines, Spillages from containers during transfer

operations and Storage of flammable solvents in the Ware house have been assessed. Risk

associated with the flammable chemicals storages have been determined semi-quantitatively

as the product of likelihood/probability and severity/consequence by using order of magnitude

data (Risk ranking = severity/consequence factor X likelihood/probability factor). Significance

of such project related risks have been established through their classification as high,

medium, low, very low depending upon risk ranking.

It provides basis for:

The type and nature of its on-site and off-site Disaster preparedness and emergency

Management plan.

The types of safety measures required.

7.2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS

Hazard identification is carried out to ascertain the controls required and available in

order to mitigate the risk of exposure to the hazards. This would be substantially helpful

in overcoming costly errors and prolonged delays that may be caused due to the design

changes that may be required on a later date.

Hazard assessment in the proposed project expansion plant is carried out examining

the Liquid chemicals in the ware house such as Acetic acid and toxic chemicals such as

Pyridine and solid chemicals Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and Storage of

Flammable liquid chemicals such as Methanol, Toluene, Acetone, IPA in Approved

storage shed, locations to find out the adequate facilities in place to overcome the Risks

of exposure to the Hazards.

Following are the Hazards identified in proposed plant activities:

Fire Hazards due to Flammable chemicals leakage from storage tanks, pipe line

ruptures during transfer of material which may get ignited due to any spark.

Fire Hazard due to improper earthing of storage tanks and material transfer lines

Fire hazard due to leakage of flammable chemicals from transfer pumps gland leaks.



Spillage/Leakage of Hazardous chemicals – Solvents ( Methanol, Toluene, DMF, n-

Hexane, Ethyl acetate), chloroform, Thionyl chloride, Acetic acid, HCl, Sulfuric acid,

Hydrogen peroxide which may leads to Air pollution, Water pollution and Soil pollution

The exposure to hazards depends upon the concentration of hazard, Frequency and duration.

The exposure to hazard could be controlled by reducing either the concentration of hazard,

frequency or duration.

After a critical analysis of the chemicals propose to use, stored and for products to

manufacture a defined safe operating procedures will be in place with safety and mitigation

measures to overcome the hazards.

The exposure to the hazard could be controlled by implementing the following:

Engineering controls at the source

Environmental controls that remove the hazard from the environment

Inspection of solvents transfers pipelines conveying lines once in a month.

Earthing to all storage tanks and providing jumpers to transfer pipelines to have continuity of

earthing.

All the process reactors will have temperature control and pressure control system for process

as well as suitable Rupture disc followed by a safety valve to avoid explosion due to excess

pressure.

Details of Process emissions and treatment (Neutralization) methods:

During production of Pyrithiobac sodium, Ammonia and Sulfur dioxide gases will be

released. 6.29 kgs of Ammonia gas and 20.99 Kgs of Sulfur dioxide gas will be released as

process emissions.

The released process emission Ammonia gas from reactor will be sent to double stage

scrubber to scrub ammonia gas with chilled water to convert into 30% Ammonium hydroxide

solution.



The scrubber will be fitted with Ammonia gas detector to monitor any un scrubbed gases

escaping from scrubber. At any point of time the Ammonia presence in the vent gases will not

be more than 25 ppm.

The released process emission Sulfur dioxide gas from reactor will be sent to double stage

scrubber to scrub the gas with 10% sodium hydroxide solution to convert into Sodium sulfite

salt. The scrubber will be fitted with online PH meter to check continuously the PH of Scrubbing

solution. When solution pH reaches to 8 the scrubbing solution will be changed.

The scrubber will be fitted with Sulfur dioxide gas detector to monitor any un scrubbed gases

escaping from the scrubber. At any point of time the Sulfur dioxide presence in the vent gases

will not be more than 5 ppm

During production of Homobrassinolide, HCl and Sulfur dioxide gases will be released.

2.66 kgs of HCl gas and 4.46 kgs of Sulfur dioxide gas will be released as process emissions.

The released process emission HCl gas from reactor will be sent to double stage scrubber to

scrub HCl gas with chilled water to convert into 10% Hydrochloric acid.

The scrubber will be fitted with HCl gas detector to monitor the any un-scrubbed gases

escaping from scrubber. At any point of time the HCl gas presence in the vent gases will not

be more than 35 mg/m3

The released process emission Sulfur dioxide gas from reactor will be sent to double stage

scrubber to scrub the gas with 10% sodium hydroxide solution to convert into Sodium sulfite

salt. The scrubber will be fitted with online PH meter to check continuously the pH of Scrubbing

solution. When solution pH reaches to 8.0 the scrubbing solution will be changed.

The scrubber will be fitted with Sulfur dioxide gas detector to monitor any un-scrubbed gases

escaping from the scrubber. At any point of time the Sulfur dioxide presence in the vent gases

will not be more than 5 ppm.

During production of Metribuzin Technical, HBr gas and HCl gases will be released.

71.37 kgs of HBr gas and 94.63 kgs of HCl gas will be released as process emissions.

The released process emission HBr gas from reactor will be sent to double stage scrubber to

scrub the gas with 10% sodium hydroxide solution to convert into Sodium bromide salt.



The scrubber will be fitted with HBr gas detector to monitor the any un-scrubbed gases

escaping from scrubber. At any point of time the HBr gas presence in the vent gases will not







During production of Quizalofop-p-ethyl, HCl gas will be released.

18.78 kgs of HCl gas will be released as process emission.



During production of Trifloxystrobin Technical, HCl gas will be released.

44.25 kgs of HCl gas will be released as process emission.








TABLE 7.4: AREA WISE IDENTIFIED HAZARDS, PRECAUTIONS PROPOSED WITH MITIGATION MEASURES

S. No. AREA IDENTIFIED

HAZARD

SEVERITY & NO. OF PERSONS EXPOSED

PRECAUTIONS PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES

1]

Raw Material Storage area

Spillage of chemicals

Low to medium & 4 persons

1. Approved layout as per legal requirements.

2. Flame proof electrical fittings will be installed

3. Chemicals will be stored in safe Containers with secondary containment to prevent spillages.

4. Storage quantity is limited 5. Storage area will be well

ventilated by a forced air ventilation system.

6. Material will be accessed only by authorized personnel using mechanized systems

7. Double door entry to ensure a clean atmosphere.

8. Showers will be provided for decontamination.

9. Personnel will be provided with full body protection suits and nose masks to prevent exposure to chemicals.

10. Fire hydrant system with hydrant points with hose reels and nozzles will be installed to mitigate fire hazards

1. Area will be cordoned off. 2. Information will be passed to

Emergency control center is informed.

3. Information will be given to the declarer of emergency on the scale of Leakage.

4. Emergency Response teams will be kept on alert for swift response.

5. All hot works being carried out in the surrounding areas will be stopped

6. Personnel working in the area will be evacuated.

7. Spilled powders will be collected using vacuum cleaners.

8. The spillage will be cleared and the area is made fit work

9. In case of liquid chemical spillage, the container will be shifted from ware house to the outside for arresting the leakage and transferring the contents to another vessel depends on situation.




HAZARD



11. Fire extinguishers will be deployed adequately

12. Periodical occupational health checks will be done to personnel working in the area to Access health effects, if any.

13. Liquid chemicals such as HCl, Ethyl acetate, THF, Acetic acid, and Thionyl chloride, Hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid will be stored in dedicated area.

Solid chemicals such as, Sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate will be stored in dedicated area. Solid and liquid chemicals will not be stored in the same area.

The area where leakage is occurred will be neutralized if necessary and cleaned. The warehouse will have good ventilation so as to minimize the concentration of respective chemical in the working area.

2]

Solvents drums Storage area

Fire, Flammable area of vapor cloud

Medium to High & 2 persons

1. Storage facility will be provided in isolated area to have natural ventilation

2. Flameproof electrical fittings are provided in storage area to prevent any fire hazard.

3. No electrical gadgets or items capable of generating static electric charges will be permitted in the area.

1. Area will be cordoned off. 2. No Hot work will be carried out in

the vicinity to prevent accidental spread of fire.

3. Personnel working in the area will be evacuated

4. Emergency control center will be informed

5. Information will be given to the declarer of emergency on the




HAZARD



4. Personnel will be trained about Do‘s & Don‘ts during emergency.

5. No heat sources will be permitted near the Facility.

6. Hot work will be controlled through a work permit system

7. Adequate size collection pit will be provided for containment in case of leakage of solvent.

8. The solvents will be handled by trained and authorized personnel.

9. Mechanical foam type & DCP fire extinguishers are provided at solvent drum storage area as per chief controller of explosives directions.

10. Fire hydrant system with hose reels are provided in the solvents storage area.

11. Hydrocarbon detectors will be provided in the Solvents drums storage area.

scale of Leakage of solvent, Fire. 6. Emergency Response teams will

be kept on alert for swift response.

7. The leakage will be cleared and the area is made fit work

8. In case leakage is found, the contents will be transferred to a in to HDPE drums.

3]

Production Block-Process Reactors

Oxidation/Hydroxylation/Mesylation


1. Flame proof electrical fittings will be installed

2. Jacket chilling/cooling water supply to avoid high

1. Area will be cordoned off. 2. Power supply will be cut off to

the area to prevent accidental fire.




HAZARD



exothermic reaction/ Fire

temperature in reactor 3. Material will be stored at

production blocks in safe containers for batch charging with secondary containment to prevent Spillages.

4. Earthing and bonding will be carried out for all reactor vessels and pipelines

5. Nitrogen lines will be provided to reaction vessel to create inert atmosphere inside the reactor to avoid fire and explosion

6. Work permit system will be implemented for hazard assessment in case of any hot work / work at elevated places.

7. Manufacturing area will be ventilated by a Forced air ventilation system to prevent formation of flammable mixture.

8. Fire hydrant system with hydrant points with hose reels and nozzles will be installed to mitigate fire hazards

9. Fire extinguishers are deployed adequately

3. All hot work carried out in the vicinity will be stopped.

4. Emergency control center will be informed.

5. Information will be given to the declarer of emergency on the scale of spillage / fire/Toxic gas release

6. Emergency Response teams will be kept on alert for swift response.

7. Personnel working in the area will be evacuated.

8. Scrubber will be kept in operating condition with caustic scrubbing solution

9. Fire hydrant system will be put in use.

10. If situation beyond control information will be given to Inspector of factories, police, fire department for their assistance.




HAZARD



Production block

Ammonia Toxic gas release during production of Pyrithiobac sodium

10 persons

10. Eye wash fountain / Body shower are provided for decontamination at each floor.

11. Limit switches will be provided for centrifuges for safe operation.

12. Nitrogen purging will be arranged for each Centrifuge to prevent formation of explosive flammable mixture.

13. Each reactor will be connected to a scrubber to neutralize or decrease the pressure in case sudden rise in pressure.

Ammonia detector will be installed in the production block with alarm. When Ammonia concentration reaches in the air 25 ppm, immediately alarm will activate.

1. Scrubber will be kept in

operating condition with chilled water circulation during transfer of the material.

2. Emergency Response teams will be kept on alert for swift response

3. Area will be cordoned off. 4. Emergency control center will

be informed




HAZARD



5. Information will be given to the declarer of emergency on the scale of Leakage.

6. Neighboring industries and statutory authorities will be informed in case situation is severe.

4] Boiler House

Fire/ Explosion


1. All requirements specified under Boiler Act will be followed

2. All electrical fittings will be of flame proof Type.

3. Entry will be restricted only to trained and authorized personnel to work in the area.

4. Fire extinguishers are positioned at different locations in case of any Emergencies.

5. No material storage will be permitted in the Area.

6. Auto level controller for Water and high temperature alarms will be provided.

7. Water hardness will be checked on shift wise.

8. Area will be well ventilated and illuminated for safe working.

9. 24 x 7 manning of the area is

1. Shutting down the plant, declaring the emergency.

2. Electrical supply will be isolated. 3. Type of emergency will be

informed to the emergency declarer/ central authority.

4. Emergency response teams will be kept on alert for swift action.

5. Movement of personnel and vehicles will be prohibited. Adequate no. of Fire hydrant system will be put in use.




HAZARD



done for monitoring of operation.

10. All maintenance /repair works will be carried out after issuing work permits and under constant supervision of experts.

11. Periodical cleaning of soot in furnace to prevent formation of explosive mixtures.

12. Checking of boiler internals as per given schedule to prevent Accidents.

13. Signage‘s will be displayed to

inform personnel about the hazards present in the area

5] Diesel Generator

Noise & Fire Low & 1 person

1. Noise abatement through modular acoustic paneling of D. G. set

2. Secondary containment is done to prevent Diesel leakage from day tanks.

3. Adequate no. of fire extinguishers is kept to handle emergency.

4. Entry access to the area will be only for Authorized personnel.

1. Information will be given to Emergency control center.

2. Power supply will be cut off to the storage area to prevent accidental fire.

3. All hot work around the area will be stopped and the area will be cordoned off

4. The concerned maintenance personnel will be carried repairs to mitigate the leakages.

5. Emergency Response Team will




HAZARD



be kept on alert for swift response.

6. Periodical occupational health checks will be done to personnel working in the area to assess exposure to noise.

6]

Electrical sub -station

Electric shock / fire

Low to Medium & 2 persons

1. Layout confirm to legal requirements as per Indian Electrical Rules.

2. Entry will be restricted to licensed and authorized personnel only.

3. Earthing is provided for leakage of stray currents.

4. Electronic mimic panels are installed for fault indication at the entry of the sub-station.

5. Insulating rubber mats confirming to IS: 15652- 2006 will be provided in front of all electrical panel boards.

6. Periodical inspection and maintenance will be carried out to ensure good health of the equipment.

7. CO2 / DCP fire extinguishers are deployed to handle emergency fires


2. Power supply will be cut off from incoming source.

3. Electricity supply company will be alerted for cut off power supply in case of major risks

4. All hot work around the area will be stopped and the area is cordoned off.

5. The concerned maintenance personnel will be carried repairs to restore normalcy.

6. Emergency Response Team will be kept on alert for swift response

7] Hazardous waste

Fire/Leakage

Low to Medium &

1. Storage shed will be at an isolated location.





HAZARD



storage shed

1 Person

2. Conditions specified in hazardous waste Authorization issued by SPCB will be implemented.

3. Compatible wastes will be stored in separate enclosures

4. Layout provides adequate ventilation and illumination

5. Secondary containment provided to prevent leakages / spillages

6. Storage quantity will be limited. 7. Periodical disposal of

accumulated waste will be sent to authorize landfills.

8. Flame proof electrical fittings will be installed to prevent fire / explosion hazards

9. Eye wash / body shower will be provided for decontamination in case of spillage on body parts.

10. PPE box will be equipped with gum boots, splash proof safety goggles, aprons for use during handling of chemicals.

11. Access to the area will be restricted to authorize personnel

2. Power supply will be cut off from incoming source.

3. All hot work around the area will be stopped and the area is cordoned off

4. The concerned maintenance personnel will be carried repairs to restore normalcy

5. Fire hydrant system will be put in use

6. Emergency Response Team will be kept on alert for swift response.

7. Support of external agencies will be sought in case situation poses major risks and is not controllable by in-house infrastructure




HAZARD



only. 12. Fire hydrant point with hose

reels are provided for fire mitigation



TABLE 7.5: DETAILS OF CHEMICALS & SOLVENTS

Sr. No.

Name of Raw Material

Hazard Involved

Max. Storage

(Lit.)

Mode of Storage

Flash Point °C

TWA (ppm)

1 Acetone Irritant 600 MS Drum -20 250 2 Tri Ethyl Amine Flammable 50 MS Drum -6.6 25 3 Pyridine Toxic 200 HDPE Drums 17 5 4 Tetra hydro furan Flammable 600 MS Drum -17 200 5 Petroleum Ether Flammable 1600 MS Drum -18 300 6 T-Butanol Flammable 50 HDPE Drums 11 100 7 Dimethyl Formamide Flammable 600 HDPE Drums 57 10 8 Methanol Flammable 1200 HDPE Drums 12 200 9 Acetic anhydride Flammable 100 HDPE Drums 54 5

10 Toluene Flammable 3000 HDPE Drums 4.4

50

11 Ethylene dichloride Flammable 400 HDPE Drums 13 50 12 Methyl ethyl ketone Flammable 1000 HDPE Drums -6.6 200 13 Dichloromethane Flammable 2000 HDPE Drums NA 25

14 N-Methyl 2-Pyrrolidinone

Flammable 2500 HDPE Drums 91 -

15 Ethyl acetate Flammable 600 MS Drum -4.4 400 16 Chloroform Irritant 600 HDPE Drums NA 50 17 Thionyl chloride Toxic 2000 HDPE Drums NA 1 ppm 18 Sulfuric acid Corrosive 1000 HDPE Drums NA 1 mg/m3 19 Ethanol Flammable 5000 HDPE Drums 17 1000 ppm

20 Hydrogen peroxide (50%)

Corrosive 500 HDPE Drums NA 1 ppm

TABLE 7.6: LD50 VALUES OF PRODUCTS

S.No

Name of the product Category Physical

state

LD50 (Lethal dose) Remarks

Oral (mg/kg) Dermal(mg/kg)

1 Pyrithiobac sodium Herbicide Liquid 3,300 >2000 2 Homobrassinolide Herbicide Liquid >5000 >5000

3 Bispyribac sodium Herbicide Solid 4,111 >2000

4 Forchlorfenuron Plant growth regulator Solid 1568 >2000

5 Quizalofop p-ethyl Herbicide Solid 1210-1670 2000

6 Dimethomorph Fungicide Solid 2,939 >2000

7 Thiophanate methyl Fungicide Solid >5000 >5000



S.No

Name of the product Category Physical

state

LD50 (Lethal dose) Remarks

Oral (mg/kg) Dermal(mg/kg)

8 Trifloxystrobin Fungicide Solid >5,050 >2,000 9 Metribuzin Herbicide Solid 2194 >5000

7.3 Potential Hazards of solvents and chemicals

Acetone: It is a clear, volatile, flammable liquid. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel along the ground to some distance source of

ignition and flash back.

On combustion may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide and CO2.

This product causes irritation of eyes, skin, and mucous membranes in case of contact. It will

cause lung damage if swallowed. Do not breathe vapors.

Use foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. Suppress vapors/mists with a water spray jet.

In case of spillage soak up with inert absorbent material such as sand, silica gel, saw dust. Do

not use sparking tools. Do not allow product to enter sewer or waterways.

Store in a well-ventilated place to effectively remove and prevent buildup of any vapors or

mists generated from handling of this product.

While handling wear impervious gloves and anti-static protective clothing. For leak, spills, or

other emergency, use full protective equipment.

Boiling Point: 56.2°C

Flash Point: -20°C

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 2.6% UPPER: 12.8%

Toluene: It is a clear, volatile, flammable liquid. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel along the ground to some distance source of

ignition and flash back. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all

equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear

suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation wear suitable respiratory. On

combustion may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide and CO2.

This product causes irritation of eyes, skin, and mucous membranes in case of contact. It will

cause lung damage if swallowed. Do not breathe vapors.



Use foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. Suppress vapors/mists with a water spray jet. If

ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact

with skin and eyes.

Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated

area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of

ignition (spark or flame).

Toluene forms explosive reaction with concentrated nitric acid, sulfuric acid + nitric.

Boiling Point: 110.6 °C

Flash Point: 4.4 °C

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.1% UPPER: 7.1%

Methanol: Extremely flammable and vapor may form ignitable vapor air mixtures in storage

tanks or other containers. Ignition and busing can release carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide

and non combustible hydrocarbons (Smoke).

Inhalation can Cause dizziness, head ache and nausea, kidney and liver disorder.

Use foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. Suppress vapors/mists with a water spray jet.

In case of spillage soak up with inert absorbent material such as sand, silica gel, saw dust. Do

not use sparking tools. Do not allow product to enter sewer or waterways.

Store in a well-ventilated place to effectively remove and prevent buildup of any vapors or

mists generated from handling of this product.

While handling wear impervious gloves and anti-static protective clothing. For leak, spills, or

other emergency, use full protective equipment.


Flash Point: 12°C

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 6% UPPER: 36%

Hydrochloric acid:

Water Reaction

An aqueous solution. Dilution may generate heat. Fumes in air.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating vapors are generated when

heated.



Health Hazard

Inhalation of fumes results in coughing and choking sensation, and irritation of nose and lungs.

Liquid causes burns.

Reactivity Profile

Hydrochloric Acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, an acidic gas. Reacts

exothermically with organic bases (amines, amides) and inorganic bases (oxides and

hydroxides of metals).

Reacts exothermically with carbonates (including limestone and building materials containing

limestone) and hydrogen carbonates to generate carbon dioxide.

Reacts with sulfides, carbides, borides, and phosphates to generate toxic or flammable gases.

Reacts with many metals (including aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron, tin and all of

the alkali metals) to generate flammable hydrogen gas.

Protective Clothing:

Skin: If chemical is in solution, wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin

contact and to prevent skin from becoming frozen from contact with the liquid or from contact

with vessels containing the liquid.

Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in

burns or tissue damage from frostbite.

Wash skin: If the chemical is in solution, the worker should immediately wash the skin when it

becomes contaminated.

Remove: If chemical is in solution, work clothing that becomes wet or significantly

contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Provide: Eyewash fountains should be provided (when chemical is in solution) in areas where

there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of

the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. Facilities for quickly drenching the

body should be provided (when chemical is in solution) within the immediate work area for

emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. It is intended that these facilities

provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from anybody

areas likely to be exposed.

Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work

area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely

cold or rapidly evaporating.



Sulfuric acid: Water Reaction

Reaction with water is negligible unless acid strength is above 70% then heat from hydrolysis

is extreme, may cause severe burns

Fire Hazard

It is highly reactive and capable of igniting finely-divided combustible materials on contact.

When heated, it emits highly toxic fumes. Avoid heat; water and organic materials. Sulfuric

acid is explosive or incompatible with an enormous array of substances. It can undergo violent

chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressure. It may react violently with water.

Health Hazard:

Corrosive to all body tissues. Inhalation of vapor may cause serious lung damage. Contact

with eyes may result in total loss of vision. Skin contact may produce severe necrosis.

Fatal amount for adult: between 1 teaspoonful and one-half ounce of the concentrated

chemical. Chronic exposure may cause tracheobronchitis, stomatitis, conjunctivitis, and

gastritis. Those with chronic respiratory, gastrointestinal, or nervous diseases and any eye and

skin diseases are at greater risk.

Protective Clothing:

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed

and replaced. Provide: Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any

possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the

recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for

emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure.

It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove

the substance from anybody areas likely to be exposed.

Thionyl chloride:

A colorless to yellow fuming liquid with a suffocating pungent odor. A lachrymator. Highly

corrosive and toxic.



Long-term inhalation of low concentrations or short-term inhalation of high concentrations has

adverse health effects.

Emits dense corrosive fumes in moist air. Violently reacts with water to liberate hydrochloric

acid and sulfur dioxide. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of

water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Sulfur Dioxide

gas will be created in 0.25 minutes.

Protective Clothing

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Provide eyewash fountains in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be

exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of

eye protection.

Hydrogen Peroxide 50%: Clear, colorless liquid.

Handling:

Will Use only in well-ventilated areas and Keep away from clothing/ combustible materials.

Wear personal protective equipment. Contamination may cause decomposition and generation

of oxygen gas which could result in high pressures and possible container rupture. Empty

drums should be triple rinsed with water before discarding. Utensils used for handling

hydrogen peroxide will be only be made of glass, stainless steel, aluminum or plastic. Pipes

and equipment should be Passivity before first use. Hydrogen peroxide will be stored only in

vented containers and transferred only in a prescribed manner.

Storage:

Keep containers in dedicated & cool areas out of direct sunlight and away from combustibles.

Will provide local exhaust ventilation to prevent release of vapor or mist into work environment.

Store rooms or warehouses will be made of non-combustible materials with impermeable

floors. In case of release, spillage will flow to safe area.

Boiling Point: 114 °C

Ethanol: Clear, colorless Liquid

Handling and Storage



Handling: Will use only in a well-ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring Material.

Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment.

Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.

Keep container tightly Closed.

Keep away from heat, sparks and flame.

Avoid ingestion and inhalation.

Do not pressurize, weld, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Storage:

Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area.

Do not store near perchlorates, peroxides, chromic acid or nitric acid.

Spills/Leaks:

Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation

Boiling Point: 77.1 deg C

Flash Point: 17°C

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 3.3% UPPER: 19%

Chloroform: Colorless Liquid. Handling: Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Do not breathe vapor or mist.

Use only with adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate.

Kept tightly closed when not in use.

Storage: Store in original container, protected from direct sunlight. Keep container tightly

closed and sealed until ready for use. Containers that have been opened must be carefully

resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

Boiling Point: 60.5°C

Flash Point: Not Flammable Methods for cleaning up:



Spill: Stop leak if without risk. Move containers from spill area.

Prevent entry into sewers, water courses, basements or confined areas.

Contain and collect spillage with non-combustible, absorbent material e.g. sand, earth,

vermiculite or diatomaceous earth and place in container for disposal. Contaminated absorbent

material may pose the same hazard as the spilled product.

Ethyl Acetate: Clear colorless liquid

Precautions for safe handling: Do not breathe vapor or mist.

Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection.

Wash thoroughly after handling.

Ground and secure containers when dispensing or pouring product.

Avoid contact with incompatible materials.

When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.

Use in a well ventilated place/Use protective clothing commensurate with exposure

levels.

Storage: Store in a cool, well ventilated place.

Store away from incompatible materials.

Keep container tightly closed.

Keep securely closed when not in use.

Major Spill:

Alert Emergency Responders and tell them location and nature of hazard.

Shut off all possible sources of ignition and increase ventilation.

Wear protective clothing, full boots, impervious gloves, safety glasses and Self

Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA), as may be deemed appropriate.

Clear area of personnel and move upwind.

Stop leaks if possible.

Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water and

watercourses.

Collect recoverable product into labeled containers for recycling, recovery or disposal.

Contain spill with sand, earth or vermiculite.



Spread area with lime or absorbent material, and leave for at least 1 hour before

washing.

Clean up all tools and equipment.


Flash Point: -4.4°C

Flammable limits: 2.2% Lower limit,

9% Upper limit

N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone: colorless liquid

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and

aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. Keep away

from sources of ignition.

Conditions for safe storage: Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and

well-ventilated place.


Flammable Limits: Upper explosion limit: 9.5 %

Lower explosion limit: 1.3 %

Dichloromethane: Colorless liquid

Precautions for safe handling: Work under hood. Avoid generation of vapors

Immediately change contaminated clothing. Wash hands and face after working with material.

Conditions for safe storage: Tightly close. Keep in a well-ventilated place. Protect from light.

Flammable Limits: Upper explosion limit: 13 %

Lower explosion limit: 23 %


Methyl ethyl Ketone (MEK):

Precautions for safe handling: Keep away from heat, sparks and open flame. Take

precautionary measures against static discharges.

Conditions for safe storage: Ground container and transfer equipment to eliminate static

electric sparks. Store in a cool and well ventilated place.


Flash Point: -9 °C



Flammable Limits: 1.5% Lower limit

11.5% Upper limit

Ethylene Dichloride: Colorless Liquid.

Handling and Storage:

Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Avoid inhaling vapour and/or mists. Ensure

electrical continuity by bonding and grounding (earthing) all equipment. Restrict line velocity

during pumping in order to avoid generation of electrostatic discharge.

Storage Temperature: Ambient. Must be stored in a well ventilated area, away from sunlight,

ignition sources and other sources of heat.

Vapours from tanks should not be released to atmosphere. Breathing losses during storage

should be controlled by a suitable vapor treatment system.

Clean Up Methods

For large liquid spills (> 1 drum), transfer by mechanical means such as vacuum truck to a

salvage tank for recovery or safe disposal. Retain as contaminated waste. Allow residues to

evaporate or soak up with an appropriate absorbent material and dispose of safely. Remove

contaminated soil and dispose of safely. For small liquid spills (< 1 drum), transfer by

mechanical means to a labelled, sealable container for product recovery or safe disposal.

Allow residues to evaporate or soak up with an appropriate absorbent material and dispose of

safely. Remove contaminated soil and dispose of safely.


Flash Point: 13 °C

Flammable Limits: 6.2 %LOWER LIMIT

15.9% UPPER LIMIT

Acetic Anhydride: A colorless solution

Precautions to Be Taken: Avoid breathing fume/gas

In Handling: Avoid prolonged or repeated exposure.

Keep away from sources of ignition.

Take precautionary measures against static discharge.



Precautions to be taken Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame.

In Storing: Keep container tightly closed.

Other Precautions: Reacts violently with water.

Boiling Point: 138 C

Flash Point: 49 °C

Flammable Limits: 2.7% %LOWER LIMIT

10.3% UPPER LIMIT

Dimethyl Formamide: Colorless liquid

Conditions for safe storage: Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.

Ground container and transfer equipment to eliminate static electric sparks.

Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:

Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. Take precautionary measures against static

discharges.. Use only non-sparking tools. Absorb spill with vermiculite or other inert material,

then place in a container for chemical waste.

Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination.

Precautions for safe handling:

Do not handle, store or open near an open flame, sources of heat or sources of ignition.

Protect material from direct sunlight.

Take precautionary measures against static discharges.

Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.

Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.

Use only non-sparking tools.

Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.

Use only with adequate ventilation.

Wash hands thoroughly after handling.


Flash Point: 58 °C

Flammable Limits: 2.2% %LOWER LIMIT 15.2% UPPER LIMIT



T-Butanol: Clear Liquid

Handling: Wear personal protective equipment. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.

Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Ensure adequate ventilation. Keep away from open flames, hot

surfaces and sources of ignition. Use only non-sparking tools. To avoid ignition of vapors by

static electricity discharge, all metal parts of the equipment must be grounded. Take

precautionary measures against static discharges.

Storage: Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Flammables area: Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.


Flash Point: 11 °C


8% UPPER LIMIT

Petroleum Ether: Colorless liquid Precautions for safe handling: Advice on safe handling Work under hood. Do not inhale

substance/mixture. Avoid generation of vapors.

Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition. Take precautionary

measures against static discharge. Immediately Change contaminated clothing. Wash hands

and face after working with substance.

Conditions for safe storage: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.


Flash Point: - 31 °C

Flammable Limits: 1.1 % LOWER LIMIT

5.9 % UPPER LIMIT

Tetra hydro furan: Clear colorless liquid,

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes.

Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Use explosion-proof equipment.

Take measures to prevent the buildup of electrostatic charge.



Conditions for safe storage

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.


Flash Point: -17 °C

Flammable Limits: 2% %LOWER LIMIT

11.8% UPPER LIMIT

Pyridine: Colorless liquid

Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.

Take measures to prevent the buildup of electrostatic charge.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers

which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Handle and

store under inert gas.


Flash Point: 17°C


12.4% UPPER LIMIT

Tri Ethyl Amine: Colorless Liquid

Handling: Wear personal protective equipment. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Use

only under a chemical fume hood. Do not breathe vapors or spray mist.

Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition. Use only non-sparking

tools. To avoid ignition of vapors by static electricity discharge, all metal parts of the equipment

must be grounded. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.

Storage: Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Keep away

from heat and sources of ignition. Flammables area. Corrosives area.

Boiling Point: 90 °C Flash Point: -11 °C

Flammable Limits: 1.2% % Lower Limit 8% Upper Limit



7.4. SAFE PRACTICES [HANDLING, STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND UNLOADING

OF CHEMICALS]

Liquid Raw materials will be transferred from the drums to the day tank situated at the

production block with the help of leak proof drum pumps / AODD pumps /Vacuum .From day

tank to process reactor unloading is by gravity.

7.4.1 Measures to Avoid Evaporation

All liquid chemicals/solvents stored in containers will be tightly closed.

Will Keep away from heat, sparks and flame

Will Keep away from sources of ignition

7.4.2 Safety Systems

Designated areas with proper indication & safety signs

Double earthling systems for all process reactors

Flame proof transferring pumps for all flammable chemicals

Pressure Gauges and temperature gauges on each reactor

Hcl storage tank is placed in a dyke wall

Flame proof lighting has been provided to solvent drum storage yard

Rupture disc followed by safety valve has been provided on each process reactor.

Well ventilated warehouse with suitable fire extinguishers have been placed in

warehouse to use in case of emergency during the storage of liquid chemicals/Solid

Chemicals.

7.4.3 TRANSPORTATION / UNLOADING

Highly inflammable chemicals will be transported by road. Therefore, adequate safety

precautions for transportation will be followed. During transportation of hazardous chemicals,

MSDS & TREM card will be provided to driver. As per Motor Vehicle Rules, PESO rules and

Factory Rules all safety precautions will be followed during transportation of hazardous

chemicals.

The following safety precautions are suggested during transportation of toxic, inflammable and

corrosive chemicals in tankers, while loading and unloading, transportation and meeting the

emergencies arising out of leakages and spillages of hazardous materials:



The name of the chemical along with pictorial sign denoting the dangerous goods

should be marked on the vehicle and the packing material.

The name of the transporter, his address and telephone number should be clearly

written on the road tanker and on the vehicle.

Only trained drivers and cleaners should transport hazardous chemicals.

The Tanker / Vehicle should be checked for its fitness and safe condition before

loading.

During loading and unloading, the tanker/vehicle should be braked and isolated against

any movement, while loading/unloading, use safety appliances.

Park the vehicle at designated place.

Stop the engine.

Check-up spark arrester.

Provide earthing to tanker securely.

Ensure that fireman is available near the place with proper equipment‗s.

Connect the piping properly

Before start unloading, check that, there should not be any leakage.

In case of leakage, immediately attend the leakages & rectify it.

After unloading is over, close the lid properly.

Vehicle to be started only after removal of all pipelines connected with tanker.

7.4.4 SPILL CONTROL

For all chemicals spill control procedures will be displayed. Spillage shall be

controlled as per concerned spill control procedure.

Like any spilled materials to contain, absorb spilled liquid by dry absorbent clay or

vermiculite.

Collect most of the contaminated absorbent with shovel for further

disposal/incineration.

If material spills directly on the ground, dig up and remove saturated soil for

disposal/incineration.

In case HCl /H2SO4 spills on to the ground use dry absorbent clay/vermiculate and

neutralize with sodium carbonate



The plant is more vulnerable for solvent leakages, and other flammable liquid

chemicals leakage.

7.4.5 EFFECT AND CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS

In a plant handling hazardous chemicals, the main hazard due to storage & handling of

solvents, Thionyl chloride, HCl/ H2SO4/Hydrogen peroxide.

If Flammable chemicals are released into the atmosphere, they may cause damage

due to resulting fires or vapor clouds.

Toxic gas dispersion due to leakage of Thionyl chloride, Sulfuric acid into atmosphere

may cause health problems to plant personnel and surrounding areas of the plant.

7.5 INVENTORY

Inventory analysis is commonly used in understanding the relative hazards and short

listing of release scenarios.

Inventory plays an important role in regard to the potential hazard.

Larger the inventory of a vessel or a system, larger the quantity of potential release.

The potential vapor release [source strength] depends upon the quantity of liquid

release, the properties of the materials and the operating conditions [pressure,

temperature].

If all these influencing parameters are combined into a matrix and vapor source strength

estimated for each release case, a ranking should become a credible exercise.

7.6 LOSS OF CONTAINMENT

Plant inventory can get discharged to environment due to Loss of Containment.

Certain features of materials to be handled at the plant need to the clearly understood to

firstly list out all significant release cases and then to short list release scenarios for a

detailed examination.

Liquid release can be either instantaneous or continuous.

Failure of a vessel leading to an instantaneous outflow assumes the sudden appearance of

such a major crack that practically all of the contents above the crack shall be released in a

very short time.



The more likely event is the case of liquid release from a hole in a pipe connected the

vessel. The flow rate will depend on the size of the hole as well as on the pressure,

which was present, in front of the hole, prior to the accident. Such pressure is basically

dependent on the pressure in the vessel.

The vaporization of released liquid depends on the vapor pressure and weather

conditions.

In the study the largest potential hazard inventories have been considered for its consequence

Risk estimation how vulnerable the organization is to a specific incident consequence.

Hazards from Flammable chemicals (solvents) Storages, Thionyl chloride.

There are a number of hazards that are present at the proposed project site that may result in

injury to people or a fatality in more serious cases. This study is only concerned with ‗major

hazards‘, which are as follows:

Hydrocarbon fires associated with storage of solvents in drums;

Pool fires, Vapor cloud explosion;

Pool Fires

If a liquid release has time to form a pool and is then ignited before the pool Evaporates or

drains away, then a pool fire results.

Because they are less well aerated, pool fires tend to have lower flame temperatures and

produce lower levels of thermal radiation than some other types of fire (such as jet fires);

however, this means that they will produce more smoke. Although a pool fire can still lead to

structural failure of items within the flame, this will take several times longer than in a jet fire.

A burning liquid pool can spread along a horizontal surface or run down a vertical surface to

give a running fire. Due to the presence of kerbs, slopes, drains and other obstacles; pool fire

areas and directions can be unpredictable.

Vapour Cloud Explosion

The facility presently stores and also plans to store highly flammable Chemicals Methanol,

Acetone, Toluene, MDC, Ethyl acetate, THF etc. for a maximum credible loss scenario the

release of such chemicals is likely to form a vapor cloud. If the cloud encounters an ignition

source, the parts of the cloud where the concentration is within the flammable range will burn



and may in some situations, also create an explosive force (blast wave). The effects of an

explosion, defined by blast overpressure, can be significant.

In most VCEs the expanding flame front travels more slowly than the pressure Wave; this type

of explosion is called a deflagration and the maximum Overpressure is determined by the

expansion ratio of the burning gases. If the flame front travels fast enough to coincide with the

pressure wave then the explosion is called a detonation and very severe overpressures can be

produced. Detonation is most likely to occur with more reactive gases such as hydrogen.

Toxic vapor release:

Toxic vapor release due to Thionyl chloride from storage drums and its effect to the plant area

with airborne concentration

7.7 Damage Criteria

In consequence analysis, use is made of a number of calculation models to estimate the

physical effects of an accident [spill of hazardous material] and to predict the damage [lethality,

injury, material destruction] of the effects. The calculations can roughly be divided in three

major groups.

Determination of the source strength parameters;

Determination of the consequential effects;

Determination of the damage or damage distances.

TABLE 7.7: SEVERITY CATEGORIES AND CRITERIA

Consequence Ranking Criteria Definition

Catastrophic 5 Multiple fatalities/permanent total disability Major 4 Single fatality/permanent total disability

Moderate 3 Short term hospitalization & rehabilitation leading to recovery

Minor 2 Medical treatment injuries Insignificant 1 First Aid treatment

Risk Evaluation

Based on ranking of likelihood and frequencies, each identified hazard has been evaluated

based on the likelihood of occurrence and the magnitude of consequences. The significance of

the risk is expressed as the product of likelihood and the consequence of the risk event,

expressed as follows:



Significance = Likelihood X Consequence

The below table illustrates all possible product results for the five likelihood and consequence

categories while the next table assigns risk significance criteria in three regions that identify the

limit of risk acceptability.

Depending on the position of the intersection of a column with a row in the risk matrix, hazard

prone activities have been classified as low, medium and high thereby qualifying for a set of

risk reduction / mitigation strategies.

Risk Matrix

Likelihood

Consequence Frequent Probable Unlikely Remote Improbable 5 4 3 2 1

Catastrophic 5 25 20 15 10 5 Major 4 20 16 12 8 4 Moderate 3 15 12 9 6 3 Minor 2 10 8 6 4 2 Insignificant 1 5 4 3 2 1

Risk Criteria and action Requirements

S. No. Risk Significance Criteria Definition & Action Requirements

1 High (16-25)

―Risk requires attention‖ – Project Management need to ensure that necessary mitigation are adopted to ensure that possible risk remains within acceptable limits.

2 Medium (10-15)

―Risk is tolerable‖ – Project Management to adopt necessary measures to prevent any change/modification of existing risk controls and ensure implementation of all practicable controls.

3 Low (5-9)

―Risk is acceptable‖ – Project related risks are managed by well established controls and routine processes/procedures. Implementation of additional controls can be considered.

4 Very Low (1-4)

―Risk is acceptable‖- All risks are managed by well established controls and routine processes/procedures. Additional risk controls need not to be considered.



The basic physical effect models consist of the following.

Source strength parameters

Calculation of the outflow of liquid, vapor out of a vessel, in case of rupture. Also two-

phase outflow can be calculated.

Calculation in case of liquid outflow, of the instantaneous flash evaporation.

Calculation of the evaporation rate, as a function of volatility of the material, pool

dimensions and wind velocity.

Consequential effects

Dispersion of gaseous material in the atmosphere as a function of source strength,

relative density of the gas, weather conditions and topographical situation of the

surrounding area.

Intensity of heat radiation [in KW / m2] due to a pool fire, as a function of the distance to

the source.

Energy of vapor cloud explosions [in KW / m2], as a function of the distance to the

distance of the exploding cloud.

Concentration of gaseous material in the atmosphere, due to the dispersion of

evaporated chemical. The latter can be either explosive or toxic.

It may be obvious, that the types of models that must be used in a specific risk study strongly

depend upon the type of material involved:

liquid

Inflammable, toxic products

Selection of Damage Criteria

The damage criteria give the relation between extent of the physical effects (exposure)

and the percentage of the people that will be killed or injured due to those effects

The knowledge about these relations depends strongly on the exposure. For instance,

much more is known about the damage caused by heat radiation, than about the

damage due to toxic exposure, and for these toxic effects, the knowledge differs

strongly between different materials.



In consequence analysis studies, in principle three types of exposure to hazardous effects are

distinguished:

Heat radiation from puddle/pool fire

Vapor cloud Explosion

Toxic effect from toxic materials or toxic combustion products.

Heat Radiation

The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:

The radiation energy onto the human body [KW / m2]

The exposure duration [sec]

The protection of the skin tissue [clothed or naked body]

7.8 DAMAGES TO HUMAN LIFE DUE TO HEAT RADIATION

Injuries to People —Definition of Burn Degrees

First Degree: A mild level of skin burn affecting the epidermis, with persistent redness but no

formation of blisters. More severe first - degree burns will produce some pain, but no

permanent damage. Flaking or scaling of the outer skin layer will occur several days after

exposure.

Second Degree: An intermediate level of skin burn characterized by the formation of blisters.

The blister depth may be shallow (epidermis), with only the surface layers of the skin

damaged, or more severe with nearly the full depth of the skin destroyed (epidermis and

dermis).

Third Degree: Deep burns characterized by the destruction of all skin layers and by charring.

The underlying tissue may also be damaged.

TABLE 7.8: HEAT FLUX INTENSITY AND EXPOSURE TIME-DAMAGE CRITERIA FOR PEOPLE

Thermal Radiation Intensity (KW/m2) Type of Damage

1.6 No harm for long exposures. 4 to 5 Pain for 20 seconds exposure; first degree burn 9.5 Second degree burn after 20 Seconds 10 to 15 Potentially lethal with in 1 minute.

25 Significant injury in 10 seconds; 100 % lethality in 1 minute.

35 to 37.5 1 % lethality in 10 seconds.



Since in practical situations, only the own employees will be exposed to heat radiation in case

of a fire, it is reasonable to assume the protection by clothing. It can be assumed that people

would be able to find a cover or a shield against thermal radiation in 10 sec. time. Furthermore,

100% lethality may be assumed for all people suffering from direct contact with flames, such

as the pool fire, a flash fire or a jet flame.

Explosion

In case of vapor cloud explosion, two physical effects may occur:

A flash fire over the whole length of the explosive gas cloud;

A blast wave, with typical peak overpressures circular around ignition source.

As explained above, 100% lethality is assumed for all people who are present within the cloud

proper.

The following damage criteria may be distinguished with respect to the peak overpressures

resulting from a blast wave:

TABLE 7.9: DAMAGE DUE TO OVERPRESSURES

PEAK OVERPRESSURE DAMAGE TYPE

0.83 bar Total destruction

0.30 bar Heavy damage

0.10 bar Moderate damage

0.03 bar Significant damage

0.01 bar Minor damage

7.9 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE LOSS ACCIDENT SCENARIOS

A Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) can be characterized as the worst credible accident. In

other words: an accident in an activity, resulting in the maximum consequence distance that is

still believed to be possible. A MCA-analysis does not include a quantification of the probability

of occurrence of the accident. Another aspect, in which the pessimistic approach of MCA

studies appears, is the atmospheric condition that is used for dispersion calculations. The

Maximum Credible Loss (MCL) scenarios have been developed for the Facility. The MCL

cases considered, attempt to include the worst ―Credible‖ incidents-what constitutes a credible

incident is always subjective. Nevertheless, guidelines have evolved over the years and based

on basic engineering judgment, the cases have been found to be credible and modeling for

assessing vulnerability zones is prepared accordingly.



The objective of the study is Emergency planning, is to prevent by technical and organizational

measures, the unintentional escape of hazardous materials out of the facility and minimize

accidents and losses. Hence, though the outcomes may look pessimistic, the planning for

emergency concept demonstrates the organizational commitment to the safety of employees

and increases organization‘s safety awareness.

In Consequence analysis, geographical location of the source of potential release plays an

important role. Consideration of a large number of scenarios in the same geographical location

serves little purpose if the dominant scenario has been identified and duly considered.

The Consequence Analysis has been done for selected scenarios. The details of software

used for MCA analysis are described below.

A computer based version ALOHA is used to calculate toxic and Thermal radiation

effect of the accidental release of liquid chemicals within the plant area.

ALOHA models key hazards-toxicity, flammability, thermal radiation (Heat), and over

pressure (expansion blast force)-related to chemical releases that result in toxic gas

dispersion, fire and/or explosion

The plant is having solvents drum storage shed approved by Chief controller of

explosives.

In the drum storage shed Toluene, Acetone, Methanol, MIBK, THF, Ethyl acetate and

Petroleum ether are being stored. The total solvents quantity is 10600 Lts.

One scenario has been considered that, in case Methanol has leaked from drum &

caught fire and spread to other solvents which resulted in the following consequence.

The total solvents considered as Methanol and its quantity as 10600 Lts.

1. Overpressure (blast force) from vapor cloud explosion

Second Scenario has been considered that, in case the solvents are leaked in the

storage shed and its consequence are:

1. Flammable Area of Vapor Cloud (not burning)

2. Toxic Area of Vapor cloud (not burning)

1. Overpressure (blast force) from vapor cloud explosion

CHEMICAL DATA: Chemical Name: METHANOL CAS Number: 67-56-1



Molecular Weight: 32.04 g/mol Ambient Boiling Point: 64° C ATMOSPHERIC DATA: Wind: 1.36 meters/second from NW at 3 meters Air Temperature: 38.1° C Relative Humidity: 50% SOURCE STRENGTH: Direct Source: 10.6 cubic meters Source State: Liquid Total Amount Released: 8243 kgs

THREAT ZONE: Threat Modeled: Overpressure (blast force) from vapor cloud explosion Type of Ignition: ignited by spark or flame Level of Congestion: congested Model Run: Heavy Gas Yellow: 234 yards --- (1.0 psi = shatters glass)



The leakage of solvents and its consequences are considered as Major and its likelihood is

unlikely


=3*4 =12

As defined in Risk Criteria and action requirements

The risk significance is medium.

―Risk is tolerable.‖ –

Mitigation measure: To avoid such incidents day to day the storage shed to be inspected for

any damage of drums and leakage of solvents. In case if any solvent is leaking the particular

drum to be isolated immediately and its contents to be transferred to another empty drum.

While stacking the filled solvents drums, stack the drums solvent wise and maintain at least

three feet distance as free walk way from each group of solvent drums. This facilitates easy

removal of drums from the area.

In case if explosion occurs the impact of over pressure of one psi will be up to a distance of

213 meters.



2. Flammable Area of Vapor Cloud (not burning)

CHEMICAL DATA: Chemical Name: METHANOL CAS Number: 67-56-1 Molecular Weight: 32.04 g/mol Ambient Boiling Point: 64.0° C ATMOSPHERIC DATA: Wind: 1.4 meters/second from NW at 3 meters Air Temperature: 38.1° C Relative Humidity: 5% SOURCE STRENGTH: Direct Source: 10.6 cubic meters Source State: Liquid Source Temperature: 30° C Total Amount Released: 8326 kgs THREAT ZONE: Threat Modeled: Flammable Area of Vapor Cloud Model Run: Heavy Gas Red : 305 yards --- (43080 ppm = 60% LEL) Yellow: 774 yards --- (7180 ppm = 10% LEL)



The leakage of solvents and its consequences are considered as Moderate and its likelihood is

unlikely


=3*3 =9


The risk significance is low.

―Risk is acceptable.‖ –







In case sudden leakage of solvents on to the ground which results in formation flammable

area of vapor cloud of value of 43080 ppm up to a distance of 278 mts will have 60% lower

explosive limit of leaked solvent .



3. Toxic Area of Vapor cloud (not burning)

CHEMICAL DATA:

Chemical Name: METHANOL

CAS Number: 67-56-1

Molecular Weight: 32.04 g/mol

AEGL-1 (60 min): 530 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 2100 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 7200 ppm

Ambient Boiling Point: 64.0° C

ATMOSPHERIC DATA:

Wind: 1.36 meters/second from NW at 3 meters

Air Temperature: 38.1° C

Relative Humidity: 50%

SOURCE STRENGTH:

Direct Source: 10.6 cubic meters

Source State: Liquid

Total Amount Released: 8243 kgs

THREAT ZONE: Threat Modeled: Toxic area of vapor cloud , Model Run: Heavy gas Red : 778 yards --- (7200 ppm = AEGL-3 [60 min]) Orange: 1256 yards --- (2100 ppm = AEGL-2 [60 min]) Yellow: 1.2 miles --- (530 ppm = AEGL-1 [60 min])



The leakage of solvents and its consequences are considered as Major and its likelihood is

unlikely


=3*4 =12


The risk significance is Medium








In case sudden leakage of solvents on to the ground which results in formation toxic area of

vapor cloud of AEGL value 7200 ppm up to a distance of 711 mts in which people may

experience life threatening health effects within one hour.

AEGL value having more than 2100 ppm up to a distance of 1148 mts in which people may

experience long lasting adverse health effects within one hour towards NW side of the plant.



Chemical Data:

Chemical Name: THIONYL CHLORIDE

CAS Number: 7719-9-7



ATMOSPHERIC DATA:




SOURCE STRENGTH:

Direct Source: 100 kilograms

Total Amount Released: 100 kgs

THREAT ZONE: Model Run: Heavy Gas Red : 895 yards --- (14 ppm = AEGL-3 [60 min]) Orange: 1652 yards --- (2.4 ppm = AEGL-2 [60 min])



The leakage of Thionyl chloride and its consequences are considered as Major and its

likelihood is unlikely


=3*4 =12


The risk significance is medium.



any damage of drums and leakage of thionyl chloride. In case if any thionyl chloride is leaking

the particular drum to be isolated immediately and its contents to be transferred to another

empty drum.

While stacking the filled thionyl drums, stack the drums row wise and maintain at least three

feet distance as free walk way from each group of thionyl drums. This facilitates easy removal

of drums from the area.

In case sudden leakage of Thionyl chloride on to the ground which results in formation toxic

area of vapor cloud of AEGL value 14 ppm up to a distance of 702 mts in which people may

which people may experience life threatening health effects within one hour.



AEGL value having more than 2.4 ppm up to a distance of 1286 mts in which people may

experience long lasting adverse health effects within one hour towards NW side of the plant.

Thermal radiation from burning Puddle CHEMICAL DATA:

Chemical Name: METHANOL

CAS Number: 67-56-1



Atmospheric Data:




SOURCE STRENGTH:

Burning Puddle

Puddle Area: 1000 square feet (93 sq.m)

Puddle Volume: 10600 liters

Initial Puddle Temperature: Air temperature

Flame Length: 7 yards

Total Amount Burned: 5340 kgs

THREAT ZONE:

Threat Modeled: Thermal radiation from pool fire

Orange: 15 yards --- (5.0 kW/ (sq m) = 2nd degree burns within 60 sec)

Yellow: 22 yards --- (2.0 kW/ (sq m) = pain within 60 sec)



In case, the Leakage of Methanol from drums got ignited and spread to other solvent drums

in the storage shed, the vulnerable areas, which are in radius of 13.7 meters within a

minute, will get affected.



The Thermal radiation from burning puddle of Methanol having value of 5 kw/sqm is

Vulnerable for second degree burns to all the plant personnel towards north west side of

the plant with in the radius of 13.7 meters.

The fire due to leakage of Methanol in the storage shed and its consequence considered

as Major and its likelihood is unlikely


=3*4 =12


The risk significance is Medium.

―Risk is tolerable‖ –

Mitigation measure: It is highly flammable liquid in presence of open flames and spark.

Storage drums should be checked at regular intervals for any leaks for its safe storage.

Check regularly earth pit resistance. At any point of time do not place any ignition source

near by the storage drums.

In case of fire, use fire hydrant system and fire extinguisher -alcohol foam to extinguish the

fire in order to minimize the risk level and avoid fire spread to other areas of the plant.

Inform plant head for emergency preparedness. Put water curtain on the storage shed to

avoid heat radiation to the other areas.

The scale of fire fighting will be provided as per Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD)

Standard-117 and it will be approved by Chief controller of explosives.

For firefighting water storage tank will be provided and water will be sufficient for four hours.

Adequate fire hydrants and fire extinguishers will be provided as per OISD-117 Standard.

Capacity of each fire hydrant will have water flow rate of 36m3 /hr at a pressure of 7 kg/cm2.



7.10 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

Various activities/equipments/processes involved in the project are assessed for operational health and safety hazards.

Emergency situations, probable risks or consequences associated with the activities/ equipments/ processes are

considered and Risk rating has been evaluated. Based on the activities additional control measures have been suggested

and Residual risk i.e. risk associated with that activity after taking necessary control measures is evaluated. Accordingly a

risk acceptance criterion is designed. The details of which are given in the table below.

TABLE 7.10: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

Sr. No

Process / Equipment /

Activity Description (Routine /

Non Routine)

OH & S Hazards (Normal /

Abnormal / Emergency Situation)

Possible Risks /

Consequence (Harm) -

Injury / Illness

Risk Assessment Existing & additional Control Measures by applying Hierarchy of Control : Elimination /

Substitution / Engineering Control / Signage / PPE’s

After taking control

measures Residual Risk (SxP

)

Risk Acceptable (Y/N)

Probability / Likelihood of Occurrence (P)

Severity of

Consequence (S)

Risk Ratin

g (SxP)

Probability / Likelih

ood Rating

(P)

Severity Rating (S)

1

Glass lined Reactor / Glass Reactor (Routine Work)

Exothermic Reaction (Abnormal)

Injury due to chemical splash, loss of Human efficiency.

2 2 4

Jacket Chilling / cooling supply available Temp. Indicator available Provision for addition of water to quench reaction. Training & JSA

1 2 2 Y

2

Power failure during Reaction / Distillation (Abnormal)


4 3 12

Stand-by DG for running the plant. SOP for running plant on DG

1 2 2 Y

3

Raise in temperature (Abnormal)

Burn Injury, loss of human efficiency.

2 2 4

Venting of reactor Jacket Chilling / cooling system is available to control the reactor temperature. Training

1 2 2 Y



Sr. No



Non Routine)



Possible Risks /


Injury / Illness





)



Severity of

Consequence (S)

Risk Ratin

g (SxP)


ood Rating

(P)

Severity Rating (S)

4

Rector Process: Solid/Liquid RM charging in reactor (Routine Work)

Splash of chemical (Abnormal)

Skin Injury, Eye Injury, Burn Injury

3 2 6

MSDS Training & JSA Eye washer & Shower available PPE to be used –Mask / Goggles / Hand gloves

1 2 2 Y

5 Fumes (Abnormal)

Skin Injury, Eye Injury, Burn Injury Inhalation cause lung Infection

3 2 6

MSDS Training & JSA PPE to be used –Mask / Goggles / Hand gloves

1 2 2 Y

6 Fire (Emergency) Burn Injury 2 3 6

MSDS Training & JSA Fire-Fighting Equipment‘s available

1 2 2 Y

7 Fumes (Abnormal)

Skin Injury, Eye Injury, Burn Injury Inhalation cause lung Infection

4 3 12

MSDS Training & JSA PPE to be used –Mask / Goggles / Hand gloves

2 2 4 Y

8 Fire (Emergency) Burn Injury 4 3 12

MSDS Training & JSA Fire-Fighting Equipment‘s available

2 2 4 Y

9

Reactor Process: Mesylation, Solvolysis Reaction

Liquid RM charging in reactor : Splash of chemical

Injury due to chemical splash, loss of Human efficiency, Skin Injury,

3 3 9

Process Operator will be trained on all aspects of process including trouble shooting. Shower available

1 2 2 Y



Sr. No



Non Routine)



Possible Risks /


Injury / Illness





)



Severity of

Consequence (S)

Risk Ratin

g (SxP)


ood Rating

(P)

Severity Rating (S)

Eye Injury, Burn Injury, Body Injury

PPE to be used –Mask / Goggles / Hand gloves

10

Oxidation Reaction, Rearrangement Reaction, Hydroxylation Reaction, Acetylation Reaction, Per acid preparation Lactonization Reaction, Hydrolysis Reaction (Routine Work)

(Abnormal) Shower available PPE to be used –Mask / Goggles / Hand gloves

11 Exothermic Reaction (Abnormal)


3 3 9

MSDS Training & JSA Temp. controller available to Heating Bath Jacket Chilling / cooling supply available Spillage is collected and charged in reactor Spill KIT Use trolley PPE to be used –Mask / Goggles / Hand gloves

1 2 2 Y

12 Fire (Emergency)

Loss of Human efficiency, Skin Injury, Eye Injury, Burn Injury, Body Injury

3 4 12

Temp. controller available to Heating Bath Fire-Fighting equipment available

1 3 3 Y



Hazard Control Measures

Procedures and actions are well defined and known to all operating personnel for safe

shut down of plant in case of failure of any power, instrumentation, etc.

1. All the motors and other rotating equipment machines have been provided with

suitable safety guards.

2. Suitable fire extinguishers, such as, DCP, CO2 & foam type have been kept in

plant area at easily approachable spots and in sufficient numbers.

3. Fire hydrant points with sufficient length of hose reel have been provided at major

emergency spots.

4. Rupture disc followed by safety valve are provided to prevent over pressurization

5. of process reactors.

6. Safety shower and eye washer are installed at crucial places.

7. Sufficient space has been provided for free movement in the plant area. All piping

and equipment have been provided with earthing connection and it will be tested

regularly.

8. Internal and external inspection of tanks, piping, thickness measurement of

Piping, inspection and testing of lifting tackles, etc, will be carried out as per

Schedule. SOP will be available of safe shut-down of plant during any emergency

Situation.

Operational Safety

1. All operators & maintenance personnel concerned with the plant will be given

Material safety data sheets for hazardous chemicals and will be trained regularly

to combat any leakage spillage, etc.

2. Hydrocarbon (HC) detectors will be provided in Solvents drum storage area.

These detectors shall be placed such a way that entire possible source of leaks is

continuously detected and alarm is set at 20% of lower explosive limit of solvent.

3. Safety appliances like PVC suit, hand gloves, safety goggles, and helmets etc.

being used during material handling. Also, SCBA (Self Contained Breathing

Apparatus) will be kept available all the time.



4. When in a production area by reason of manufacturing process contaminants are

given off, it shall be necessary to provide an efficient local exhaust ventilation of

the points at which the contaminants are released to reduce their concentration in

the working area below their threshold limit values. Ventilation is expressed as

m3/hr/m2 of floor area. This industry should have ventilation rate of 40 to 60

m3/hr/m2. At present the industry is not having any exhaust fans, only natural

ventilation is available which is insufficient.

As per the area of production block, based on above given ventilation rate the industry

should provide sufficient nos. of Exhaust fans.

Risk Mitigation Measures for Proposed Expansion

1. Hazardous chemicals will be stored in separate storage along with necessary

Safety measures.

2. Enclosures will be provided with vent connected to scrubber for Sulfur dioxide,

Hcl, HBr and ammonia. etc.

3. Safety fittings like safety valve, pressure / temperature indicators, level indicators,

rupture discs etc. will be provided to the concern equipment.

4. Calibration of all instruments in the plant will be carried out periodically.

5. Flameproof fitting, earthing & bonding of equipments & pipelines will be provided

for flammable chemicals.

6. Periodic on site emergency mock drills are being arranged.

7. Safety training‘s are given regularly to the workers for handling of hazardous

Chemicals.

8. Necessary PPE‘s will be readily available. Jobs will be accomplished using

Relevant PPEs

7.11 DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN

GAVL has prepared the onsite Disaster Management Plan which is in force for the

existing facility. The purpose of this plan is to provide GAVL with the means to

effectively utilize all the resources at its disposal for the protection of life, environment

and property. GAVL will update existing emergency management system (Onsite

DMP) to tackle any emergency situation for proposed plants expansion. The details of



Onsite Emergency plan / Disaster management plan (DMP) are discussed in the

following section.

7.11.1 Objective

To provide detailed guideline in case of emergency situation like major fire, serious

emission of gas, discharge of chemical, liquid fuel & explosion

7.11.2 Scope

Applicable to Godrej Agrovet Limited, Lote Parshuram, MIDC, Taluka: Khed, District:

Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.

7.11.3 Responsibility

The responsibilities are assigned to the head of all departments.

7.11.4 Procedure

Following is the action plan and is to be followed

Action by first observer employees near the spot who notice an emergency (Incident

Area)

First person who observes any emergency shall inform the concerned

departmental shift supervisor / in charge. Mean time he shall try to extinguish or

control the emergency with available resources

The controlling activities should be carried out with the use of proper personal

protective equipments, giving due consideration to wind direction.

He shall press the emergency hooter button and unlock it. It will give continuous

audio- visual signal to security, administration section, all the Emergency

activation alarm shall be wailing (long and short peak) siren

Also shout loudly to draw attention of people in the vicinity

Start providing help for the incidence with the help of co-workers

The supervisors / senior operators shall initiate the activities. They will follow the

SOP to stop the plants/Section safely if needed.

Follow the Emergency Response Procedures to control incident.

On arrival of superiors give precise information and work under their guidance



7.11.4.1 Action by informer

Shift supervisor / in charge shall inform about the type and location of emergency

to site in charge, safety dept. & security.

He shall inform the emergency details to as many people as possible such as

main and incident controllers, Security Dept., Safety Dept. and members of

Emergency Team. etc.

He shall try to control the emergency with available resources

Actions of various plant personnel on hearing the emergency activation alarm as

follows

7.11.4.2 Employees of other departments

Continue your jobs till any instruction by site controller / dept. head

Shut down the plant / process, if instructed by supervisor/ dept. head and

evacuate safely to Assembly Point.

Emergency Team members, experts, first-aiders to be ready to follow instructions

by site controller and do not return till ordered by site controller

The plant engineer shall extend help as safety officer of the concerned plant

during emergencies

Contractor personnel shall stop work upon hearing an emergency Siren and

assemble on main road and on receiving instructions from plant authorities or site

controller, evacuate to assembly point by safest route.

7.11.4.3 Safety officer

On hearing the emergency hooter alarm and subsequently the information from

the supervisor/incident controller he shall proceed to the scene of emergency.

Consult the shift supervisor of the affected area regarding special precautions

such as:

Nature of hazardous substances involved and any special precautions needed.

Toxic products of combustion.

Decide line of action in consultation with the site controller.

Give instructions and guideline to the people involved in control measures.



Give instructions to the Emergency team and first aid attendants.

Give instructions to other department through communication officer

Organize first-aid assistance with the help of trained first aider on the site to the

injured and those affected by chemicals.

Ensure availability of personal protective equipment and foam solution in the field.

For additional quantity contact to the nearby industries, if required.

Give revised report to the site controller and keep him informed about the

progress of control measures.

Advise site controller on the type of help required from outside.

Do not allow anybody entering in incidental area without wearing protective

equipment.

On arrival of incident controller, appraise him about the gravity of the situation and

then work under his guidance to control the situation.

Inform others as directed by the site controller / incident controller.

Ensure preservation of evidence and completion of investigation

7.11.4.3.1 Incident controller

On hearing the emergency hooter alarm and subsequently the information from

the supervisor, take the charge of situation and assess the magnitude of the

event.

Control and guide all the operations with the priorities to the safety of personnel,

minimize pollution, loss of material and loss to the plant, equipments & property.

Provide advice and guide to the Emergency Team, First Aid team and the fire

brigade when they arrive.

Prevent others to avoid panic and running around unnecessarily

Ensure that evacuation of the affected areas in the factory. (if needed)

Give information to site controller time to time & follow guidelines given by him.

Establish communication with the emergency control centre.

Report on all significant developments to the emergency control centre through

communication officer.



After the emergency situation is brought under control, assure that the evidences,

necessary for further investigation, in the incident area are preserved and to

inform site controller that the emergency is over.

Do not restart the plant, unless cleared by site controller.

Completion of investigation.

7.11.4.3.2 Site main controller

On hearing the emergency hooter alarm / information from the supervisor/incident

controller, Site controller shall give guidance and direction in the vital and important

activities to control the emergency situation and if need decision for evacuation.

Always be in touch with the incident controller to get further progress and decide

further plan

Ensure co-ordination amongst various key persons and get feedback from them.

Depending on the magnitude of the incident, he should take decision of giving

siren and accordingly shall instruct the Utility Operator/Security gate.

Decide and instruct to shut down of the other plants safely in right sequence.

Take information about head count at assembly point. If needs, search and

rescue of missing persons.

Giving prime importance to human life, give guidance in organizing the rescue

operations and see that the injured people get proper medical attention in time.

To assess the magnitude of the situation and to take the decision about inside

and outside help / action.

If the neighboring areas are likely to be affected, then inform neighboring

companies and the residents and human habitations, if required. Inform the govt.

authorities such as Police, Tahasildar, Fire brigade, MIDC, MPCB, Factory

inspector, Local crisis group, and request them for their help as the situation

demands.

Evacuation of neighboring population, if necessary.

Observe proper & adequate treatment and rehabilitation of victims. If needed, the

relatives of the injured are informed.

Set up communication link with Head Office of the company.



Give authentic statement on the incident to the news media / external agency.

Control the reoccupation of the affected areas on discontinuation of emergency

On completion of emergency situation, visit the incident location and declare the

normalcy.

Preserve evidence for investigation

Before ordering re-entry, check the structure stability and plant should be free

from toxic gasses, fire potential, after investigation; do not restart till steps taken to

prevent reoccurrence

7.11.4.3.3 ACTION BY EMERGENCY TEAM

After getting information or by hearing siren, all Emergency Team members shall

gather at Assembly point near Main Gate and stand in line.

They will get information about the type and location of emergency from security

officer and will collect the required safety appliances from respective plant & from

nearby plant.

Along with safety appliances they will go to the emergency spot and work under

guidance of incident controller.

Do not go & allow others entering in incidental area without wearing personal

protective equipments.

Assist contractor personnel and visitors, if any, for safe evacuation.

Be in touch with the site controller / incident controller and extend help as and

where required.

Assist to Doctor /First aider for the medical treatment offered to the affected

people.

As per the instructions given by site controller, incident controller, arrange the

supply of additional emergency related equipment to the incident place.

If driver is not available then help to shift the injured people from site of incident to

OHC with the help of ambulance.

Prevent unauthorized persons from entering the scene of the emergency.

Act according to the instructions given by site controller, incident controller and

communication officer.



Control traffic within the site and barricade roads around area of emergency.

Prevent others to avoid panic and running around unnecessarily.

Co-ordaining the affected area to maintain the law & order.

Give instructions & guideline to the people involved in fire-fighting.

Work as a messenger for communication purpose

Do not leave the pump house till further instructions

7.11.4.3.4 Technical staff / Department heads

On hearing the emergency hooter, they shall proceed to their own departments.

On being informed, rush to the spot and take charge of the spot and take charge

of the situation till senior group arrives

Ensure that emergency alarm is raised which gives information to security, safety,

administration staff and technical staff.

Collect the information about experts from your dept. and alert them to be ready

for help, if required.

On arrival of incident controller, appraise him about the gravity of the situation and

then to work under his guidance to control the situation.

Inform staff in the area about the emergency.

To instruct the shift supervisor to be ready to

o Shut down the plant.

o Evacuate staff to assembly point if instructed by site controller.

Experienced department heads on giving proper instructions about closure of

plant or evacuation etc. shall go to the incident location with proper PPE

Prepare for evacuation at short notice

Do not enter the incidental area till instruction by site controller.

Ensure that only experienced and required people will remain at the location for

controlling emergency situation while others to be evacuated from the scene

7.11.4.3.5 Personnel/HR & Administration

On hearing the emergency hooter alarm and information from the Incident/Main

Incident controller he will work as a liaison officer



Proceed to emergency control centre / main building and take orders from site

controller

On receiving information from site controller evacuate people from internal dept.

to Assembly point. Take a head count at assembly point and inform to site

controller

Instruct the security department for co-ordaining the affected area to maintain the

law & order

Check the roll call for availability of trained personnel in emergency situations at

the site

To ensure that the casualties receives adequate attention. Also to ensure

additional help if required from other industries, and from Govt. Departments

Arrange transport facility for the injured people to get timely medical help

Arrangement of cars, buses, and ambulances as required.

Also be in touch with the security department and other departments for help.

Liaison with family members of victims.

7.11.4.3.6 Communication officer

On receiving the information, establish contacts with site controller

Ensure the communication between site controller and incident controller. If

required, keep messenger for communication

Inform others as directed by the site controller / incident controller

On receiving the instructions from site controller, organize the evacuation of

people from assembly point, if required.

As per instructions received from site controller, inform the relevant authorities

and neighboring areas

On getting instructions from site controller / incident controller / personnel &

administration, to be in touch with Govt. authorities such as Police, Tahsildar, Fire

brigade, MIDC, MPCB, Factory Inspector, Local crisis group and Mutual Aid

response group (MARG) for help in emergency

Keep the telephones free for incoming calls



7.11.4.3.7 Engineering services

On hearing the emergency hooter alarm and subsequently the emergency Siren,

announcement, they shall proceed to their own departments

Be in touch with the site controller / incident controller and extend help as and

where required

Ensure the availability of electrical wiremen, maintenance people

Ensure the water supply, electric power or generator in case of power failure

Ensure that the D.G. set is in operable condition

During silent hours, the maintenance operators shall approach the fire hydrant

pump house to take charge of pumping activity

Check the water levels in emergency tanks and process water storage tank.

Maintain the emergency tank water level to its fullest capacity

Ensure continuous water supply to the incident place

7.11.4.3.8 Security personnel

After receiving the information from the Incident/ Site Main controller blow the

emergency activation alarm signal to ―Declare the Emergency ―on site ." (Blowing

the alarm in ON/OFF in 15 sec. for a 2 minute )

Security personnel shall get information about the type and location of emergency

from Site Main Controller and work under guidance of main controller.

Stop all vehicles and visitors from entering into the factory, except any Govt.

authorities such as fire brigade, Police, Tehsildar, MIDC, MPCB and Excise; and

inform immediately to the communication officer of their arrival

Released security guards from normal work to control traffic. Do not allow any

vehicles to be parked at the gate or nearby main road and to help for the traffic

within the site. Control traffic at gate

Act according to the instructions given by personnel & administration manager

and communication officer

On the instructions from the main controller, following actions to be taken:

Contact outside aid centers.

Opening of emergency exits.



Arrange to send Emergency vehicle at emergency site.

Inform about location of emergency to mutual aid / fire brigades

Open emergency control centre, if emergency occurred out of office hours or on

holidays

If the incident occurs after the office hours or on holidays then inform the following

persons at their residence by telephone and in the event of telephone failure send a

special messenger.

1. Site controller

2. Incident controller

3. Safety officer

4. Communication officer

5. Other Dept. heads

6. Engineering & Services in-charge

7. Other key persons.

8. Ensure continuous water supply to the incident place

7.11.4.3.9 First- Aid team

On hearing emergency hooter, rush to the Assembly point (Main Gate), one member

shall proceed to OHC (Occupational health centre) to help attendant and do not

leave the OHC.

As per the instructions given by site controller, incident controller, arrange the

supply of additional emergency related equipments to the incident place. Give

necessary first – aid to the affected persons immediately

Ask for additional trained first – aid attendants, if required.

Inform Personnel & Administration Officer / Communication officer about the

severity of injury and advice for further medical help / additional doctors. Also

inform to alert nearby hospitals

Arrange hospitalization

Consider sending casualties for specialist treatment, e.g. Burns, fractures etc.

On arrival of Doctor, assist him for the medical treatment to the affected people

Priorities casualties for treatment



Check blood group list, and availability of blood donor, if required

7.11.4.3.10 Driver

On hearing the Emergency Siren, always remain available at own department.

(Main Gate)

On receiving the information from Security / Communication Officer or any other

senior person rush near OHC along with Emergency Vehicle and wait for further

instructions to meet with emergency

On receiving the information about any injury take the Emergency Vehicle to the

incident location via safest route

Extend help to shift the injured people from incident place to first–aid and if

required to hospital with the help of Emergency Vehicle.

For material handling, if required, take Fork - lift to the required spot.

7.11.4.3.11 Electrician

On hearing the Emergency Siren , always remain available at own department

On instruction of incident controller, cut off the power supply of the affected area

Ensure that the D.G. sets are in operable condition

Follow instructions given by Site Main controller / Incident Controller from time to

time.

7.11.4.3.12 Utility operator

On hearing the Emergency Siren, Always remain available at own department

depending upon the situation.

Follow instructions given by Site Main controller / Incident Controller from time to

time.

7.11.4.3.13 Action by HR officer

Take the head count of the people gathered at assembly point No. 1 or 2. and

report to the Site Main controller.

Act according to the instructions given by the Site Main Controller.

7.11.4.3.14 After controlling the Emergency

Incident controller will inform to Site Main Controller who further after complete

satisfaction and head count matching will instruct to Security office for blowing the



emergency Siren as a "All Clear." signal (Blowing the siren in continuous tone for a

2 minute)

Emergency Team members will bring the used appliances to Store Dept without

fail.

Exhausted extinguishers and damaged appliances will be kept separately for

repairing / replacement.

Repairing / replacement of fire extinguishers and damaged safety appliances shall

be done by HSE department.

7.11.4.3.15 References

On site emergency control plan

7.11.4.3.16 Abbreviations

HSE : Health, Safety & Environment

MIDC : Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation

HR : Human Resource

OHC : Occupational Health Center

The disaster management plan (DMP) provides for a framework of actions to handle

various emergency situations at the GAVL. It also provides for on-site resources and

appropriate outside assistance in case of any incident at the facility. The ERP will be in

place before the commencement of operations at site, and all personnel will have

undergone a comprehensive training in emergency response.

The primary objective of the plan is

Minimization of the risks to lives and safety of proposed plant personnel and of the

neighboring community.

Containing and minimizing environmental damage, to surroundings, and to site

property, and equipment, this could occur from emergency or accidental situations

beyond the normal operations of the plant.

Coordinating appropriate and effective actions with outside regulatory agencies

during and after their involvement in on-site emergencies.



Maintaining effective trained personnel capable of performing the established

emergency response procedures when it is required.

An on-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in plant itself and the

effects are confined to the factory premises involving only the people working in the

factory. On- site emergency plan to deal with such eventualities is the responsibility of

the occupier and is mandatory. An on-site emergency plan should contain the following

key elements:

Basis of the plan: Hazard analysis

Accident prevention procedure/measures;

Accident/emergency response procedure/measures and

Recovery procedure.

7.12 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Emergency prevention through good design, operation, maintenance and inspection

are essential to reduce the probability of occurrence and consequential effect of such

eventualities. The overall objective of the DMP/Emergency Response Plan (ERP) is to

make use of the combined resources at the site and outside services to achieve the

following.

Localize the emergency on property and people

Minimize effects on property and people

Effective rescue and medical treatment

Evacuation.

A disastrous event strikes suddenly, violently and without warning. Identifying the

potential hazards ahead of time and advance planning can reduce the dangers of

serious injury, loss of life and damage to environment in the event of an incident

occurrence.

The first response to a disaster is the job of the local government‘s emergency

services with the help from the nearby municipalities and the volunteer service

agencies. In a catastrophic disaster only the govt. can provide the rescue search

on the disaster site, resumption of electric power, food, water, medicines, cloths,

shelter and other basic human needs. It is the long term recovery phase of



disaster which places the most severe financial strain to govt. in-addition to

damage to public facilities and infrastructure. It takes longer time to get aid from

the govt. for rescue work when there is a natural calamity because of various

constraints such as reaching the site, priority of personnel involved, availability of

material, equipment and rescue team personnel etc. It is always advisable to

develop teams within the organization for taking immediate rescue action if

possible. Industry has to prepare a detailed disaster control measures and give

information such as the quantity of hazardous material stored, the location of

storage, the approximate population living in the vicinity and the detail of the

hazardous characteristic of the material to the Employees, District Collector,

Police, Fire service department, Director of Factories, State Pollution control

Board and the Public living in the vicinity regularly to enable the government to

prepare the disaster management plan. Educate employees and the public living

in the vicinity the safety measures required to be taken in the event of an accident

taking place.

Earthquake

During site selection stage based on the past seismic metrological data / reports

earth quake prone areas have to be avoided. Cover the site with public liability

insurance as per the advice of government. Design building to withstand minor

shocks of earth quake without damage to structures. Maintain inventory of

material and the location of stock on day today basis and submit the report to

disaster management authority (district collector) and the state pollution control

board weekly / monthly also maintain parallel record at H.O. Maintain MSDS of

stored materials toxicity of gases that can emanate due to reactions of stored

materials. Provide communication facilities internal and with people living in the

vicinity. Educate the employees and the surrounding peoples about the possible

dangers in case of an earthquake and the safety measures required to be taken.

Take preventive action of stopping work activities, informing and evacuating

employees and the public living in the vicinity to safe location as per the advice of

government agency if there is an advance earth quake warning from the

agencies.



After an earth quake (if the site is affected), Inform disaster management

authorities and state pollution control board authorities over phone, e-mail or

through messenger. Display Phone Numbers of: District Collector, Police S.P, Fire

Service Department, Factories Inspectorate and nearby Hospitals. Inform

company authorities through phone: Phone numbers: Project Head, EHS Head,

and HR Head. Inform the insurance authorities about the incident. Phone

Numbers: Local Insurance officer and Divisional Manager Test the nearby water

sources and soil for contamination and the extent of damage and compare data

with the base data. If found contaminated, Inform public of the affected area not to

use water from the wells or bore wells through mobile public announcement

system and by using media like radio and TV. Arrange supply of drinking water

from outside till the condition is normalized. Use the services of the lab and

expertise of pollution board and find solutions to arrest the leakage of material and

leachate and start remedial measures. Divert material required for lining and

transfer skilled employees for new pit construction from other site along with

additional number of equipment. Construct new pit and start transfer landfill

material / leachate in to the new pit. Test the soil contamination level and find out

the level of damage and treat the soil if required or remove the contaminated soil

and safely transfer it in the new land fill. Check the water contamination level and

advise authorities and public about the usability of water. Asses the expenditure

required for implementation of required remedial measures. Prepare cost estimate

of the total loss including the transport and remediation cost. Make insurance

claim and pay compensation if any advised by the govt. authorities to the affected

victims.

Hazard Control Measures

Fire

To increase the level of safety in project, installation of smoke alarms or automatic

fire detection /alarm systems will be installed at strategic locations as an early

warning of fire to the occupants.

To prevent fire mishaps and to manage the emergency situation during fire in the

project the following activities and precautions are proposed.



Emergency evacuation plan is important for all projects, and the same will be

prepared as per Fire & Safety rules.

Regular mock drills will be carried out to create awareness on procedures to be

followed in times of emergency situation/evacuation

It will be advised to keep oxygen cylinders, medical kits and masks to prevent

smoke inhalation especially for those with respiratory disorders for who smoke

inhalation can be very dangerous.

Plant manager will be advised to ensure that the firefighting equipment are in

good working conditions.

The plant will be provided with sufficient firefighting gadgets (water, soil, cylinders,

etc).

Simple steps to be followed during emergency are as follows.

Call the fire rescue department:

During fire in plant, leave the premises by nearest available exit. Call fire

department and do not assume anyone else has called the fire department. If your

cloth catches fire, do not get panic or run, stop, drop and roll.

Cover your nose and mouth with a wet clean cloth:

Stay calm cover your nose and mouth with a wet, clean cloth to prevent smoke

inhalation injury and choking. Never jump off or attempt to climb down the side of

a tall structure as it will mean certain death.

Do not run:

During a fire, smoke containing poisonous gases such as CO tends to rise up.

When you run in a smoke filled room, you tend to inhale the smoke faster. CO

dulls the senses and prevents clear thinking, leading to panic. To prevent being

asphyxiated, dip tissues or cloth in water and cover your noise with it.

Head-count of the occupants:

During an emergency, make good use of the evacuation procedure and help each

other to reach out of plant/building safely. Ensure nobody is left behind by doing a

head-count of occupants. Visitors should read and understand the evacuation

plan before going into the plant/building area and ensure their safety.

Natural Disasters



Disasters occur without notice. Most disasters are natural such as earthquake,

floods, hurricanes, sandstorms, landslides, tsunamis and volcanoes. We have no

way of stopping them, but we can learn to deal with the difficult situations that

arise due to them. During disasters like floods, fire, earth quake, landslides,

rescue beings at site. Even before external help arrives, people affected by the

disasters help each other

The government and many voluntary organizations send teams of workers trained

in rescue operations to disaster-affected areas. These teams join hands with the

local community helpers such as doctors, nurses, social workers and policemen.

Temporary shelters are built for displaced people. Doctors and nurses provide

medical aid. They treat the wounded and work to control epidemics. Social

workers collect food and cloth from all over the country for the disaster-affected

people. The police maintain law and order. Media –persons help in spreading

news about the victims and their conditions. They also post advertisements that

urge people to donate for victims.

In extreme conditions, the army and Air force organize rescue operations. They

clear roads, send medical teams and help to move people to safer places. The air

force drops food, water and clothes in the affected areas. Organization like UN

helps in providing aid during massive disasters.

Individually, people from all over the world also come forward to help during a

disaster. They donate blood while many donate money. Some even reach the

disaster affected places to give an extra hand in the rescue operation. Families

adopt children who have lost their parents and thus give them a new home.

Electrical accidents

Electrical hazards can cause burns, shocks, and electrocution which can lead to

serious injury and even death. When dealing with potentially serious electrical

hazards stop and think! Instead of taking a chance and risking your personal

safety, call trained professionals to handle problems.

Many times people prefer to take electrical matters into their own hands. Other

small aspects of electrical repair in a business setting may be taken care of



without needing professional service technicians. If you do decide to take matters

into your own hands, safety precautions can avoid injuries and other losses.

Prevention of Electrical accidents

Flexible cords connected to appliance should be wired to confirm to the

international color code. Color of insulation wire is

Brown represents live wire,

Blue represents neutral wire and

Green/yellow stripes represent earth wire.

What you should look for when selecting an electrical appliance are given below

The appliance should be suitable for operation on local electrical supply of 240

volts AC and frequency of 50 Hz.

The appliance should preferably be tested and certified by a national or reputed

standards testing authority.

Look for certified plugs on the flexible cords connected to the appliances. If the

appliance is double insulated and has a 2-pin plug, then it should be fitted with a

suitable certified plug.

An essential formality when buying any appliances is a duly completed guarantee

card with the dealers/retailer's official stamp and details of the appliance (serial

number, etc.).

Safety precautions to be taken when using electrical appliances

Avoid using handheld appliances when your hand and/or body are wet.

Do not use or leave appliances where liquid can splash onto them.

Flexible cords connecting the appliance and the plug should be in good condition,

if the cord is frayed, chaffed, cut or melted, have the entire cord replaced by a

competent person.

Check accessories such as plugs attached to appliances for cracks and burnt

marks and have them replaced. If undue overheating occurs or burnt marks

appear in any electrical appliance, have it checked.

Some common causes of electrical accidents in the house



Faulty wiring: This usually occurs when unauthorized extension or rewiring is

done by unqualified persons. Some of the usual faults are the omission of earth

wires

The Reversing of the live and neutral wires. Without an earth wire, the exposed

metal parts of appliances may deliver a lethal shock to the user when a fault

develops.

Improper flexible cords: This can be caused by connecting the flexible cord

wrongly to the plug. In the case of appliances which have exposed metallic parts,

a 2-core instead of a 3-core flexible cord is used. When the appliance is faulty, the

exposed metal parts may become live and a fatal accident could result.

Faulty appliance: Attempts to repair faults in electrical appliances by people not

trained to do so can result in accidental shock.

To prevent Electrical accidents, the following points should be kept in mind:

All electrical wiring, rewiring or extension work must be carried out by licensed

electrical contractors. On completion, the contractors should test before electricity

supply is connected

Repair of appliances and replacement of flexible cords should be carried out only

by competent persons

To ensure electrical safety in the facility, a current-operated Earth Leakage Circuit

Breaker (ELCB) or Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) set to operate at a

very small leakage current is recommended. (This is usually marked 100mA or

0.1A on the label). In case of dangerous electrical leakage to earth, it should

automatically cur off the supply of electricity.

DO NOT use multi-way adaptors. Over loading can cause fire. One socket outlet

is for one appliance only.

DO NOT carry out wiring extension, Engage a licensed wiring contractor for the

work.

DO NOT use a two-way lighting adaptor for any extension.

DO NOT connect any electrical appliance to lighting outlets. A lighting outlet does

not have an earth wire to prevent danger.



DO NOT make joints to lengthen the lead of the electrical appliances. If the lead

wire is worn out or too short, replace it with a new wire.

USE individual socket outlet for every electrical appliance.

KEEP AWAY from danger areas such as a substation for whatsoever reasons.

CHECK before carrying out excavation work to prevent damaging any

underground cable. The operator may receive severe electric shock or even be

electrocuted.

TAKE PRECAUTION when working in the vicinity of overhead lines to avoid any

unforeseen incident. DO NOT meddle with any broken overhead wire. Report the

matter immediately to the nearest electric office.

DO NOT climb any electric pole. You may receive an electric shock or get

electrocuted.

NOT throw anything onto the overhead lines.

NEVER attempt to retrieve anything stuck to overhead lines by whatever means.

NOT climb transmission line towers. No one is safe from its high voltage shock.

DO NOT erect any structure close to transmission lines.

TAKE PRECAUTION when working in the vicinity of overhead lines to avoid any

unforeseen incident.

NEVER stand on a damp or wet surface when using electrical equipment.

USE a portable electrical tool, which is properly earthed.

DO NOT tap electrical power without a proper plug.

DO NOT use any electrical tool which has a damaged casing, cap, switch, lead or

plug.

R&R ACTION PLANS

No R&R issues are envisaged as it is capacity expansion project. Also the land

located in the Lote-Parshuram, MIDC Area, Taluka: Khed, District: Ratnagiri,

Maharashtra.

RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT M/s. Godrej...

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