Rev A 2003-11-07 1

Knowledge, what is it?A mobile communications case study

Dr. Jan Uddenfeldt

Chief Technology Officer

Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden

Rev A 2003-11-07 2

1880 19471878 1910 1986-96 2001 2002

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Knowledge, seen from a hi-tech company point of view

• What can be done?

• What does the end user want?

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Scientific experts, a driver in technology , but …

….different specific expertise often drive the technology in different directions.

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Scientific experts, a driver in technology , but …

…..different specific expertise often drive the technology in different direction.

However,

cross discipline cooperation boosts the knowledge and the borderlines between disciplines hide a huge potential.

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John C. Harsanyi (János)„The most important scientific

results are born, if the researcher works in several

disciplines, and transfers his knowledge and results to

another - perhaps far away –

discipline.”

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Mobile telephony evolution

1980 1990 2000

Start of NMT Start of GSM Start of 3G

2G

Voice & DataVoice

3G

Multimedia & Internet

1G

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No

of

Su

bsc

riptio

ns

(mill

ion

)

(Year -end)

GSM & WCDMA – One True Family

Mobile subscriptions by system standard

0

400

800

1200

1600

2000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

GSM/GPRS/EDGE/WCDMA

PDC

TDMA

CDMA/CDMA2000

Analog & Others

Source: Ericsson Wireless Subscription Forecast 2003_2

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GSM into 3G

Content

CommunicationServices

Core NetworkFixed & MobileTelephony

(~2B subscribers)

Internet/Intranet(0.4B+ subscribers)

Radio NetworkGSM/GPRS/EDGE

Radio NetworkWCDMA/WCDMA-Evolved

Dual Mode Terminals

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WCDMA worldwide – 3G Here & Now

September 2003 ~ # of subs*DoCoMo** 1000 k

J-Phone** 84.3 k

3-Italy** 374 k

3-UK 194.6 k

3-Australia** 69 k

3-Sweden** 11.6 k

3-Austria 10 k

Mobilkom

(Austria) **

1 k

Tango (Lux)** 1 k

Total launched ~1745 k

* EMC Research + External Websites + Internal Ericsson ** Ericsson is supplier to these 7 of 9 operators who have launched NWs

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What the End User wants

• Higher data rates• Low cost

Wideband

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Technologies

1G 2G 3G

Analog GSM WCDMA

Number of users per radio channel

1 8 ~100

Data rate for end user

< 5 kb/s < 64 kb/s < 2 Mb/s

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Driving the market through R&D

1980 1990 2000 2010

WCDMA

CDMA2000

EDGE

GPRS

WAP

Bluetooth

GSM

4G

Leadership in Mobile Internet

Leadership in mobile telephony

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Optimised IP/3G

Internet Knowledge

Radio Knowledge

Coding Knowlegde

Non optimised IP

Cellular voice

Interdisciplinary thinking

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Technology Challenges

Radio propagation is extremely complex data rate limitation transmission errors

Spectrum is a scarce resource spectrum efficiency and compression complex signal processing

Users move over very large areas roaming and handoff

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Mobile radio propagation is...

Frequency dispersive• Due to Doppler spread (~ 100 Hz)• Rapid time variations and deep fades creating high Bit

Error Rates (10 -1)

Time dispersive• Due to reflections giving time delay spread (~10s)• Limits data rates

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Know-how evolution

When Knowledge Implications

70’iesBit rate must be longer than delay spread

~25 kHz bandwidth

80’ies

New innovative adaptive equalizers allow multiple bits within delay spread

~200 kHz bandwidth

90’ies

High speed circuits allow wideband CDMA with Rake-receivers

~5 MHz bandwidth

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Mobile Media- Evolution with new capabilities

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Mobile Media services[kbps]

256

128

64

32

16

8

Visualcontent

256128643216842 [kbps]

Audio content

Sports

Music

News

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Mobile Media services enabled by 2,5G and 3G[kbps]

256

128

64

32

16

8

Visualcontent

256128643216842 [kbps]

Audio content

2,5G

3G

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2G 3G

Rev A 2003-11-07 22

2G 3G

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