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    Adaptive Multi Rate Ericsson Network19thApril, 2011

    NSN NPO

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    Contents

    AMR Overview

    AMR Requirements and Network Considerations

    AMR Parameters

    AMR Measurements

    Potential Impact on Network MCCI NSN Tehran AMR Trends

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    AMR Overview

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    AMR Introduction

    AMR (Adaptive Multi Rate) consists of a family of codecs with different bit-ratesoperating in GSM FR and HR

    The aim is to improve channel (FR/HR) quality by adapting the most appropriatechannel codec based on current radio condition

    The trade off made between quality and robustness by varying bit-rates.

    Codec mode adaptation (link adaptation) is based on received channel quality in

    both MS and BTS.

    The basic AMR codec mode sets for MS and BTS are provided by BSC via layer3 signalling.

    MS shall support all speech codec modes, although only a set of up to 4 speechcodec modes are used during a call

    New GSM standard based voice coding in phone and network. Implementationin radio network and phone is needed to realize the benefits.

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    AMR Introduction

    At low C/I, a large amount of channel coding is applied and less speech coding. When the C/Iincreases the speech coding is increased and the channel coding is decreased. So the speech

    coding (data) and channel coding rates (Error correction) are adapted to the existing RFenvironment, hence the term adaptive.

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    AMR Introduction Codec Data Rates Channel cross bit-rate is 22.8 kbit/s in GSM FR/EFR:

    13 kbit/s speech coding and

    9.8 kbit/channel coding

    (HR channel gross bit rate 11.4 kbit/s) In the AMR case, codec mode can be changed and more error correction bits can be used

    whenever channel requires

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    FR

    12.2

    FR

    10.2

    FR

    7.95

    FR 7.4 FR 6.7 FR 5.9 FR

    5.15

    FR

    4.75

    HR

    7.95

    HR 7.4 HR 6.7 HR 5.9 HR

    5.15

    HR

    4.75

    AMR codec mode

    Channelbit-rate

    (kb

    it/s) Channel coding

    Speech coding

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    AMR Introduction Codec Data Rates

    Voice quality

    Robustness

    AMR codecs:

    8 for Full rate and 6 for Half RateUpto 4 codecs in one Active Codec Set

    1.0

    2.0

    3.0

    4.0

    5.0

    No Errors 16 dB C/I 13 dB C/I 10 dB C/I 7 dB C/I 4 dB C/I

    MOS (Mean Opinion Score)

    EFRAMR FR

    AMR Full Rate performance compared toFull Rate EFR in Clean Speech

    1.0

    2.0

    3.0

    4.0

    5.0

    No Errors19 dB C/I16 dB C/I13 dB C/I10 dB C/I 7 dB C/I 4 dB C/I

    FRAMR HR

    MOS (Mean Opinion Score)

    AMR Half Rate performance compared toFull Rate in Clean Speech

    5CODEC

    MODEforHR

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    C/I vs. FER performance, AMR FR

    Frame Error Rates (FER) for ARM, EFR and FR Codecs

    on Different C/I conditions (FR -Channel)

    0.00%

    2.00%

    4.00%

    6.00%

    8.00%

    10.00%

    12.00%

    14.00%

    12345678910111213141516

    C/I [dB]

    FER[%]

    GSM EFR

    GSM FR

    AMR 12.2 kbit/s

    AMR 10.2 kbit/s

    AMR 7.95 kbit/s

    AMR 7.4 kbit/s

    AMR 6.7 kbit/s

    AMR 5.9 kbit/s

    AMR 5.15 kbit/s

    AMR 4.75 kbit/s

    GSM HR

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    C/I vs. FER performance, AMR HR

    Frame Error Rates (FER) for ARM HR Codecs

    on Different C/I conditions (HR -Channel)

    0.00%

    2.00%

    4.00%

    6.00%

    8.00%

    10.00%

    12.00%

    14.00%

    12345678910111213141516

    C/I [dB]

    FER[%]

    GSM HR

    AMR 7.95 kbit/s

    AMR 7.4 kbit/s

    AMR 6.7 kbit/s

    AMR 5.9 kbit/s

    AMR 5.15 kbit/s

    AMR 4.75 kbit/s

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    AMR FR codec mode adaptation example

    speechcoding

    chan.coding

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    0 5 10 15 20 25 30

    Time[s]

    [dB]

    C/I EFR operation AMR mode

    12.2 kbit/s

    7.95 kbit/s

    6.70 kbit/s

    5.90 kbit/s

    AMRC/I

    AMRFR HR

    12.2

    10.2

    7.95

    7.4 7.4

    6.7 6.7

    5.9 5.9

    5.15 5.15

    4.75 4.75

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    AMR Introduction

    AMR Capacity benefits:

    Improved robustness in Full Rate allows tightening of re-use patterns -increased spectral efficiency

    Operation of Half Rate channels will free available capacity for data traffic -reduced blocking

    AMR Coverage benefits: Improved performance at

    cell edge7.4

    5.9

    5.15

    4.75

    12.2

    7.95

    5.9

    4.75

    HO

    HO

    HO

    Current Full Rate &AMR Half Rate AMR Full Rate

    Base Station Cell Coverage

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    Benefits of AMR 1/2

    Speech quality enhancement:AMR maintains good speech quality in thesituation where the connection faces low C/I or low signal level

    Capacity and coverage gain:Link level simulation results illustratedimprovement in terms of TCH FER (up to 6dB at 1% FER in C/I)

    Improved BCCH plan:tighter frequency reuse or better quality with samefrequency reuse, potentially releasing frequencies to be used on the non-

    BCCH layer. This is applicable when EFRlegacy terminals do notrepresent a significant portion of the traffic.

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    Benefits of AMR 2/2

    Mixed EFR AMR traffic networks:use more aggressive power control forAMR mobiles in order to decrease the average interference level in the network.

    Due to better error correction capability against the channel errors lower C/Itarget can be set for AMR mobiles hence lower PC thresholds can be used.Therefore, the overall interference decreases in the network (smaller averagetransmission power) and thus the quality of the existing EFR connectionsincrease.

    When compare AMR HRto previous GSM HR codec, it is noticed that AMR HRobtains remarkable better speech quality

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    AMR Requirements & Network Considerations

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    AMR HW Support

    Below are the HW requirements for AMR deployment.

    RBSAll RBS2000 base stations support AMR, except for early versions of RBS2301 (< R6A)

    No support in RBS200

    BSC

    AXE810 supports AMR (TRA R6)BYB501 supports AMR on TRA R5B

    BYB202 dont support AMR, except in BYB501 expansions

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    AMR Enhancements in Ericsson System

    R9.1

    Two predefined Active Codec Sets

    R10

    Define own Active Codec Sets Included modes

    Mode change thresholds

    AMR statistics

    Codec mode utilization Call drop rate

    BSSR12

    Adaptive Multi Rate introduced anew predefined codec set consisting of the codec modes: 4.75,5.9, 7.4, 12.2 for Full Rate AMR

    G10 A Improved configuration capability for FR-AMR and HR-AMR Configurable initial codec mode

    Possible to start with a codec mode with a higher bit rate (compared to the default settingdefined in 3GPP) after changing channels

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    AMR Parameters

    G SC

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    2G AMR Parameters BSC Level

    AMRFRSUPPORT

    Indicates if AMR FR is turned ON or OFF and also which full rate codec set that shall be used within the BSC.

    Default value: 0Value range: 0-5Unit: 0=off

    1=Full rate codec set 12=Full rate codec set 23=Full rate codec set 34=Full rate codec set 45=Full rate codec set 5

    AMRHRSUPPORT

    Indicates if AMR HR is turned ON or OFF and also which half rate codec set that shall be used within the BSC

    Default value: 0Value range: 0-4Unit: 0=off

    1=Half rate codec set 12=Half rate codec set 23=Half rate codec set 34=Half rate codec set 4

    SET

    Indicates which of the codec sets for a specific channel rate that shall be modified.

    Value Range:FR3, FR4, HR3, HR4Unit: Codec Set

    2G AMR P t BSC L l

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    2G AMR Parameters BSC Level

    MODE

    Specifies the codec modes that shall be included in the codec set. For Full Rate all 8 codec modes can be used, expressed as anumeral between 1 and 8, and defined in ascending order

    Value range: 0-8Unit: CODEC MODE

    THR

    Specifies the thresholds between the codec modes in the codec set, expressed as a numeral between 0 and 63, in steps of 0.5 dB.

    Value Range: 0 to 63Unit: Threshold

    HYST

    Specifies the hysteresis values for the threshold in the codec set. It is expressed as a numeral between 0 and 15, in steps o f 0.5dB.

    Value Range: 0 to 15Unit: Hysteresis

    AMRSPEECHVERUSE

    This is used to decide if the used speech version for AMR shall be placed at the top in the list of allowed speech version at

    handover.

    Value Range: 0 and 10: Do not place the used speech version for AMR at the top in the list of allowed speech versions.1: The used speech version for AMR shall be plated at the top of the list of allowed speech versions.

    C d M d d D i i th h ld

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    Codec Modes and Decision thresholds

    When C/I drops below decision threshold THR_3, codec mode 3 (CODEC_MODE_3) will be in operation insteadof codec mode 4 (CODEC_MODE_4). The sum of the decision threshold and hysteresis constitutes the upperthreshold between two codec modes, e.g when C/I exceeds THR_3 + HYST_3 codec mode 4

    (CODEC_MODE_4) will be in operation instead of codec mode 3 (CODEC_MODE_3).

    P d fi d F ll R t d S t

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    Predefined Full Rate codec Sets

    P d fi d H lf R t d S t

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    Predefined Half Rate codec Sets

    Parameter Summary Cell Level

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    Parameter Summary Cell LevelParameter Radio Feature

    AMRPCSTATE BTS and MS Power Control

    QDESULAFR

    MS Power ControlQDESULAHR

    SSDESULAFRSSDESULAHR

    QDESDLAFR

    BTS Power ControlQDESDLAHR

    SSDESDLAFR

    SSDESDLAHR

    SSOFFSETULAFR

    Intra Cell HandoverSSOFFSETDLAFR

    QOFFSETULAFRQOFFSETDLAFR

    QLIMULAFR

    Bad Quality Urgency HO conditionsQLIMDLAFR

    BQOFFSETAFR

    RLINKTAFR

    Radio Link Timeout TimersRLINKTAHR

    RLINKUPAFR

    RLINKUPAHR

    DTHAMR Dynamic Half Rate

    DMTHAMRDynamic Mode AdaptationDMQBAMR

    DMQGAMR

    AMR Features

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    AMR Features

    AMR Power ControlAMR HR

    AMR Radio Link Timers

    AMR Wideband

    Dynamic HR allocation

    Dynamic Mode adaptationLocating

    Intra cell Handover and Urgency Conditions

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    AMR Power Control

    AMR Power Control

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    AMR Power Control

    SummaryThe feature AMR power control is used to minimize the interference in the radio

    network by controlling the output power for terminals using the AMR speech codecseparately. The result is a possibility to increase the radio network capacity as wellas improve speech quality due to reduced interference.

    BenefitsIncreased capacity in networks with a mix of AMR and non-AMR capable handsets.Enhanced speech quality for connections not using AMR full rate.

    Optimized power consumption for AMR full rate compatible handsets.

    AMR Power Control

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    AMR Power Control

    Introduced in R10,enhanced in R12 with AMRHR

    Separate regulation targets for MS/BTS Power Control

    AMR connection can use less powerAMR codec can handle the increased bit error

    AMR Power Control

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    AMR Power Control

    The AMR FR speech coding is more robust and can perform well on low C/Ilevels. This results in a possibility to down regulate the output power of AMR FR

    connections more than for non-AMR or AMR HR connections.

    AMR Power Control

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    AMR Power Control

    Increased capacity in mixed EFR/AMR scenarios Same speech quality for EFR and AMR users

    Separate AMR Power Control Algorithm

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    Separate AMR Power Control Algorithm

    Separate regulation targets for AMR : More aggressive settings can be usedcompared to EFR

    AMR-HR calls are controlled by the same settings as EFR until BSS R12. AMRPower Control introduces separate regulation targets in the power controlalgorithm for calls using Half Rate AMR, optimizing the performance in BSSR12.

    Parameter Description Range

    AMRPCSTATE Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) power control state. ACTIVE or INACTIVE

    SSDESULAFR Target value for AMR FR connections for the desired signal strength uplink 47 to 110

    SSDESDLAFR Target value for AMR FR connections for the desired signal strength downlink 47 to 110

    QDESULAFR Desired quality uplink for AMR FR connections 0 to 76

    QDESDLAFR Desired quality downlink for AMR FR connections. 0 to 76

    Last 4 parameters available for HR also

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    AMR Radio Link Timers

    AMR Radio Link Timers

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    AMR Radio Link Timers

    AMR Radio Link Timers feature introduces separate radio link timers for calls usingAMR where the parameter RLINKT will be replaced with RLINKTAFR for connections

    using the codec type AMR FR,RLINKTAHR for connections using the codec type AMRHR and parameter RLINKUP will be replaced with RLINKUPAFR for connections usingthe codec type AMR FR,RLINKUPAHR for connections using the codec type AMR HR.

    In the uplink, the algorithm is the same, but managed by the BSC and basing thedecisions on successfully decoded measurement results on the uplink, that is in the basestation parameter RLINKUP controls the algorithm, unless the connections are usingcodec type AMR FR where RLINKUPAFR are used.

    The algorithm is of the type "leaky bucket", and bases the decisions on successfullydecoded SACCH messages (480 ms). There is a "bucket", initially containing a numbergiven by parameter RLINKT, RLINKTAFR or RLINKTAHR for downlink andRLINKUP, RLINKUPAFRor RLINKUPAHRfor uplink.

    AMR Radio Link Timers

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    ad o e s

    When a SACCH message has been received but not successfully decoded, the "bucket"counter is decreased by one unit. When a frame is successfully decoded, it is increasedby two units. If the "bucket" becomes empty, that is the "bucket" counter runs down tozero, the MS terminates the connection.

    AMR Radio Link Timers

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    RLINKTAFR :The maximum value of the radio downlink counter for AMR FR connections. Range:8 to 64 in steps of 4

    Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms).

    RLINKTAHR :The maximum value of the radio downlink counter for AMR HR connections. Range:8 to 64 in steps of 4

    Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms).

    RLINKUPAFR:The maximum value of the radio link counter on the uplink for AMR FRconnections. Range:1 to 63

    Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms).

    RLIKUPAHR:The maximum value of the radio link counter on the uplink for AMR HRconnections. Range:1 to 63

    Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms)

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    AMR Half Rate

    AMR Half Rate

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    Introduced in BSS R10, Enhanced in G10A

    Summary

    The AMR Half Rate speech codec provides significantly better speech qualityfor half rate channels than the standard Half Rate codec. With AMR Half Rate,the use of half rate traffic channels becomes a more attractive solution toincrease radio network capacity.

    Operator Benefits Reduced cost of ownership and Increased revenue

    BSS G1A Enhancements

    In BSS G10A, AMR HR is enhanced with Improved configuration capability.

    Increased speech quality: Possible to start with a codec mode

    AMR Half Rate

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    Two predefined Active Codec Sets

    Define own Active Codec Sets Included modes

    Mode change thresholds

    AMR statistics Codec mode utilization

    Call drop rate

    AMR Half Rate

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    Speech quality between EFR and FR

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    AMR Wideband

    AMR Wideband-Introduction

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    The feature AMR Wide Band was introduced in BSS R08A.

    AMR Wide Band (AMR-WB) is a new speech codec that providessignificantly improved speech quality. This is accomplished byusing a speech bandwidth of 0.1 to 7 kHz compared to thetraditional 0.3 to 3.4 kHz bandwidth used for the existing GSMcodecs and in the fixed networks. By adding both low and highfrequencies to the speech a much clearer and more pleasantspeech is achieved.

    AMR-WB is implemented for the GSM Full Rate channel usingGMSK modulation with three codec modes as defined in the 3GPPstandards.

    AMR-WB

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    Significant speech quality improvement for mobile to mobile calls Better than todays wireline networks

    Audio spectrum 100-7000 Hz instead of 300-3400 Hz Seamless support in and between GSM and WCDMA

    Feature Overview

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    All nodes involved in a call from one subscriber to another musthave support for AMR-WB, this includes all MSs, RBSs,BSCs,MGwsand MSC servers.

    3 codec modes for AMR-WB / FR channel with GMSK modulation Codec modes: 6.60, 8.85, 12.65 kbps

    New TRA pool is required for AMR-WB

    Fallback to FR_AMR at AMR-WB establishment failure is possible. If AMR-WB can not be established end to end, the call is changed

    to use the next available full rate codec supported in the network

    Possibility to inhibit FR->HR adaptation for AMR-WB due to a big

    difference in speech quality.

    Performance comparisonEFR FR AMR AMR WB

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    EFR, FR_AMR, AMR-WB

    Always better than EFR

    About same radio capacity and error robustness as FR_AMR

    Network Impact / Dependencies

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    1) TRA R6B is available in BSS R122) TRA R7 is available in BSS 06B

    No of channels per board

    BSC HW ImpactTRA R6 or later is required.

    BTS HW ImpactsTRU/dTRU or similar TRU is required

    BSS Character ist ics

    Dependencies to o ther BSS featuresNone

    Dependencies to oth er NESupport in core network is requi red.

    Term inalsSuppo rt in terminals is required.

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    DYNAMIC HALF RATE

    DYNAMIC HALF RATE ALLOCATION

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    A separate traffic load threshold introduced that only applies toterminals that supports the AMR half rate speech codec.

    Use HR only when and where it is needed

    Better utilization of AMR HR

    DHA parameters

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    DTHAMRis the threshold parameter for AMR HR capable MSs at channel allocation below whichan AMR MS will be allocated a HR channel. The parameter expresses the ratio between idle andde-blocked TCHs in percent and is set per cell. It can be set per priority level if using Speech Quality

    Priority. DTHNAMRis the threshold parameter for non AMR HR but DR capable MSs at channel allocation

    below which a DR capable MS will be allocated a HR channel. The parameter expresses the ratiobetween idle and de-blocked TCHs in percent and is set per cell. It can be set per priority level ifusing Speech Quality Priority.

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    Dynamic Mode Adaptation

    Mode adaptation

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    New feature in R10, Enhanced in R07B, by introducing Traffic load threshold to initiate HR to FRhandover

    Capacity boost from HR only when needed to avoid congestion

    Operator settable thresholds for AMR.

    Parameters

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    Parameter Description Range

    DMTHAMR HR packing threshold parameter for AMR HR capable mobiles. 0 to 100

    DMQBAMRChannel quality threshold for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable mobilesusing a HR traffic channel.

    0 to 100

    DMQGAMR

    Channel quality threshold for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable mobiles

    using a FR traffic channel. 0 to 100

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    Intra-cell Handovers and Urgency Conditions

    Separate Intra-cell HO parameters

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    Separate triggers in Intra-cell Handover

    More aggressive settings for AMR FR to reduce Intra-cell Handovers

    Parameters: SSOFFSETULAFR, SSOFFSETDLAFR, QOFFSETULAFR,QOFFSETDLAFR

    Locating: Separate Bad Quality Urgency HOparameters

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    parameters

    Separate triggers in Bad Quality Urgency Handover

    More aggressive settings for AMR FR to reduce quality urgencyHandovers

    Parameters: QLIMULAFR, QLIMDLAFR, BQOFFSETAFR

    AMR Impact (Locating, Handover Bad Quality UrgencyConditions)

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    Conditions)

    For connections using the codec type AMR Full Rate there areseparate bad quality limits for the urgency detection (QLIMDLAFRin downlink and QLIMULAFR in uplink). The greater robustness ofthe AMR FR channel, suggests higher values, if compared withthe ones used at present, of these parameters for reducing thenumbers of unnecessary inter cell handovers for bad quality

    reasons.

    It is not allowed to perform a bad quality urgency handover to aworse cell from anywhere in the serving cell. The parameterBQOFFSETAFR regulates the Urgency handovers borders.

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    Self Configuring Transcoder Pools

    Self Configuring Transcoder Pools

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    Efficient use of Transcoderresources

    Simplified O&M

    OSS required

    TRA R5A, R5B & TRA R6

    The feature offers automatic reconfiguration of Transcoder HW andTranscoder pools based on Transcoder pool usage statistics.

    Self Configuring Transcoder Pool

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    Automatically re-dimension the transcoder pools based on usagein each pool

    Benefits: Reduced operation and maintenance activities

    More efficient transcoder HW usage

    Two Modes: Immediate Mode Reconfiguration

    Delayed Mode Reconfiguration: Operator to specify time andfrequency

    Event log maintained in the BSC for the operator to review

    Parameters: TTRAREQUIRED, TTRAEXCESS, MINPOOLSIZE,RECMODE, RECTIME, NDAYS

    Self Configuring Transcoder Pools: Parameters

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    The percentage idle resources in each transcoder pool shall be reported every10th second and the mean percentage of idle resources overthe last

    TIMERECONFminutes is calculated. The TIMERECONFis set to 2 minutes for immediate reconfiguration and 60

    minutes for delayed reconfiguration. Every 10th second isthe frequencyfor accumulating STS counters today.

    TIMERECONFis an application parameter and can not be changed by theoperator.

    A transcoder pool with the mean percentage of idle resources below athreshold, TTRAREQ, shall be a candidate to receive transcoder resources.

    A transcoder pool with the mean percentage of idle resources equal to or abovea threshold, TTRAEXexcluding the idle transcoder resources to remove,shall be a candidate to steal transcoder resources from.

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    AMR Measurements

    Object Types

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    Transcoder level statistics are available on TRAPEVENT

    Traffic counters belong to object types CLTCHFV3 andCLTCHHV3

    Codec mode utilization counters (uplink and downlink), belong toobject types CLTCHFV3C and CLTCHHV3C.

    FER counters, belong to object types CELLAFFER and

    CELLAHFER. Dropped call counters, belong to object types CLTCHDRAF and

    CLTCHDRAH.

    SQI counters, belong to object types CELLSQI and CELLSQIDL.

    TRAPEVENT

    Counter Name Description

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    Cou e a e esc p o

    TPACC Number of accumulations

    TPACTTR Active Transcoder Resources

    TPAVTR Available Transcoder Resources

    TPIDLTR Idle Transcoder Resources

    TPALLOC Transcoder Resource Allocation Attempts

    TPCONG Transcoder Resource Congestion

    TPCTIME Transcoder Resource Congestion Time

    TPSYNCF V.110 Synchronization Failure for pooled transcoder devices

    TPTFOESTATT Number of TFO establishment attempts

    TPTFOEST Number of successful TFO establishments

    TPTFOTIME Accumulated number of seconds all TFO capable devices have been used in a speech call

    TPTFOOPETIME Accumulated number of seconds all TFO capable devices have been in TFO operation mode

    CLTCHFV3 and CLTCHHV3

    Object Type Counter Name Description

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    CLTCHFV3 TFV3CALLS Call attempt counter

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3CALLSSUB Call attempt counter for overlaid subcell

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3TCONGS TCH congestion time

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3TCONSUB TCH congestion time for overlaid subcell

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3TRALACC Traffic level accumulator

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3NSCAN Number of accumulations of traffic level counter

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3TRALSUB TCH traffic level accumulated in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSAS Number of congestion at assignment

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSASSUB Number of congestion at assignment, overlaid subcell

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSHO Number of congestion at handover

    CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSHOSUB Number of congestion at handover, overlaid subcell

    CLTCHHV3 THV3CALLS Call attempt counter

    CLTCHHV3 THV3CALLSSUB Call attempt counter for overlaid subcell

    CLTCHHV3 THV3TCONGS TCH congestion time

    CLTCHHV3 THV3TCONSUB TCH congestion time for overlaid subcell

    CLTCHHV3 THV3TRALACC Traffic level accumulator

    CLTCHHV3 THV3NSCAN Number of accumulations of traffic level counter

    CLTCHHV3 THV3TRALSUB TCH traffic level accumulated in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSAS Number of congestion at assignment

    CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSASSUB Number of congestion at assignment, overlaid subcell

    CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSHO Number of congestion at handover

    CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSHOSUB Number of congestion at handover, overlaid subcell

    CLTCHFV3C and CLTCHHV3C

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    Object Type Counter Name Description

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM1UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 1 uplink

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM2UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 2 uplink

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM3UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 3 uplink

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM4UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 4 uplink

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM1DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 1 downlink

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM2DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 2 downlink

    CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM3DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 3 downlink

    CLTCHFV3C TFV3CM4DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 4 downlink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM1UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 1 uplink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM2UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 2 uplink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM3UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 3 uplink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM4UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 4 uplink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM1DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 1 downlink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM2DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 2 downlink

    CLTCHHV3C

    THV3CM3DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 3 downlink

    CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM4DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 4 downlink

    CELLAFFER and CELLAHFERObject Type Counter Name Description

    CELLAxFER TAx1ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0 FERTHR1 UL

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    CELLAxFER TAx1ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx2ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx3ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx4ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx5ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx1ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, overlaid subcell, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx2ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, overlaid subcell, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx3ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, overlaid subcell, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx4ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, overlaid subcell, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx5ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, overlaid subcell, UL

    CELLAxFER TAx1DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx2DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, DL

    CELLAxFER TAxDL3FER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx4DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx5DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx1DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, overlaid subcell, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx2DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, overlaid subcell, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx3DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, overlaid subcell, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx4DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, overlaid subcell, DL

    CELLAxFER TAx5DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, overlaid subcell, DL

    X = F for FR and H for HR

    CLTCHDRAF and CLTCHDRAH

    Object Type Counter Name Description

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    X = F for FR and H for HR

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISTAA Dropped connections at excessive TA

    CLTCHDRAx TxSUDLOSA Suddenly lost connections

    CLTCHDRAx TxSUDLOSSUBA Suddenly lost connections in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISSDLA Dropped connections at low signal strength downlink

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISSDLSUBA Dropped connections at low signal strength downlink in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISSULA Dropped connections at low signal strength uplink

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISSULSUBA Dropped connections at low signal strength uplink in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISSBLA Dropped connections at low signal strength bothlink

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISSBLSUBA Dropped connections at low signal strength bothlink in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISQADLA Dropped connections at bad quality downlink

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISQADLSUBA Dropped connections at bad quality downlink in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISQAULA Dropped connections at bad quality uplink

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISQAULSUBA Dropped connections at bad quality uplink in overlaid subcell

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISQABLA Dropped connections at bad quality bothlink

    CLTCHDRAx TxDISQABLSUBA Dropped connections at bad quality bothlink in overlaid subcell

    CELLSQI and CELLSQIDL

    Object Type Counter Name Description

    CELLSQI TSQIGOODAF Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

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    X = F for FR and H for HR

    CELLSQI TSQIGOODAF Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIGOODAH Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIGOODSUBAF Number of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIGOODSUBAH Number of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIACCPTAF Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIACCPTAH Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIACCPTSUBAF Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIACCPTSUBAH Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIBADAF Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIBADAH Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIBADSUBAF Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQI TSQIBADSUBAH Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQID TSQIGOODAFDL Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIGOODAHDL Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIGOODSUBAFDL Number of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQID TSQIGOODSUBAHDLNumber of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 ondownlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIACCPTAFDL Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIACCPTAHDL Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQID TSQIACCPTSUBAFDLNumber of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3 ondownlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIACCPTSUBAHDLNumber of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 ondownlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIBADAFDL Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3

    CELLSQID TSQIBADAHDL Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIBADSUBAFDLNumber of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3on downlink.

    CELLSQID TSQIBADSUBAHDLNumber of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3on downlink.

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    Potential Impact on Network Performance

    AMR Effect on Dropped Calls

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    The AMR can reduce number of call drops since the RxQual is still good at lowC/I conditions. With the use of lowest codec modes, the call can still sustain due to

    high channel coding and low speech coding rates.The AMR Radio Link Timeout value should be higher than the Radio LinkTimeout since AMR is more robust against poor C/I conditions. So a condition mayarise where the Radio Link Timeout decreases rapidly (since SACCH Frames arenot AMR Coded) but the speech might still be good enough to continue the call.

    AMR Effect on Busy Hour Congestion

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    The use of AMRHR can increase the Network Utilization since at low C/Iconditions, Half Rate can be employed. The same network without AMR shalloffer lesser traffic due to effect of interference. Therefore Busy Hour congestioncan be minimized with the use of AMRHR.

    Technical Behavior of AMR vs. EFR

    EFR calls get very bad speech quality at C/I ~7dB

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    AMR calls get very bad speech quality at C/I ~2 dB

    EFR and AMR calls drop due to signaling at C/I ~4 dB

    Exactly the same signaling channel (SACCH), AMR has effect on TCH only Call drops occur when signaling channel is too disturbed

    same for EFR and AMR

    AMR Impact on Subscriber Behavior

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    Subscribers experience better speech quality with AMR FR and hold on to thecall until it drops due to bad SAACH performance instead of initiating adisconnection themselves.

    For this reason, the parameters RLINKTAFR,RLINKTAHR, RLINKUPAFR,RLINKUPAHR has to be set to a higher value than RLINKT, RLINKUP to give arobust SACCH due to the longer holding time.

    AMR Effect on Handovers/Power Control

    O f

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    RXLEV and Power Budget HO parameters identical for AMR and EFR

    There are no separate settings for AMR for Handovers in terms of RxLev. Therefore,RxLev and PBGT based HOs, POC shall take place in identical manner for AMR andnon AMR calls.

    Separate thresholds are available for BQ urgency conditions and Intra-Cellhandovers.

    Separate power control settings for AMR

    Power Control thresholds can be set separately for AMR.

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    MCCI Tehran Ericsson Network AMR Trends

    Traffic DistributionTest Case: B071E (1st Week of April)

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    Traffic Profile for B071E

    CODEC MODE UTILIZATIONTest Case: B071E (1st Week of April)

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    Full Rate: Downlink Full Rate: Uplink

    Half Rate: Downlink Half Rate: Uplink

    SQI DistributionTest Case: B071E (1st Week of April)

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    AMR FR Samples AMR HR Samples Non- AMR Samples