Relationship with Percussion

Materials used with permission by Sarsen Publishing and Kalani Das, 2017

Building a Relationship with Percussion InstrumentsSupplement to Music Therapy: An Introduction to the ProfessionChapter 4: Musicianship in Music Therapy

Bill Matney, Kalani Das, & Michael Marcionetti

Building a relationship with percussion instrumentsGoing somewhere new can be exciting; it might also be a little intimidating or cause some anxiety. If I go to a party where I don’t know anybody except the person who invited me, how do I get to know anyone else?

Through our experiences and growth, we will be able to help clients develop their own relationships with instruments and music, and therefore be able to strengthen the therapeutic process.

My host will probably be gracious enough to introduce me to others at the party. I will get to know their name, where they are from, and what they commonly do for work and play. In turn, they will get to know the same about me. We may decide to continue our relationship by learning more about each other and doing things together.

As music therapy students, we develop relationships with music instruments. We begin by learning instrument names, and by getting to know a little about the instrument. We continue our relationship by learning technique and by playing music with them!

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Recognize the instrument by

common name.

Know what the instrument is made out of (materials), and

its shape.

Know where the instrument originated

Learn about what the instrument is or was traditionally used for.

Building a relationship with percussion instruments

• When learning about instruments, we begin with those that are most common in music therapy practice and literature. We will also include some instruments common to percussion performance and music education in this section (Tier One).

• We can then continue to develop our literacy with other percussion instruments (Tiers Two and Three).

We begin by learning instrument names, and by getting to know a little about the instrument.

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Tier One Tier Two Tier ThreeC

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Knight & Matney, 2012; Matney, 2007; Matney, 2016;

Scheffel & Matney, 2015

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common name.


its shape.



Find visuals of and information about these instruments: • Online (but double check your sources) • From books (e.g., Das, 2008; Matney, 2007) • Talking with your music therapy instructors and

percussion instructors • Accessing your school’s instruments

Tier One Tier Two Tier Three

TimbaNgoma

BougarabouKpanlogoFunde

LargeHandDrums

GobletDrums Darbuka Tonbak TaajiraToubelekiDoholla

DoubleHeaded/PairedHandDrums

BataDrumsMrdngamTablaBomba

DholBreketeDavulNaqara

TalkingDrumsBongo

AtabaqueDjembeCongaTubanoAshikoCajon

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Drumsplayedwiththehandsthatstandontheground

Drumsplayedwiththehandsthatrestsidewaysonthelegs


TarNaAveAmerican“BuffaloDrum”

Bodhran

PlenerasTamborim

FrameDrums

•Tambourines General/Orchestral

PandeiroRiq

KanjiraTamburello

Muzhar

PandeiraAdufeSakaraTamalinRavanne

PaddleDrums General“Lollipop”

KilautUchiwataiko

TapouTogo

Baijaogu

atypeofframedrumwithjingles;alwayshasahead,orelsecalleda“jinglering.”

DafDoiraGhavalBendir

•Ornamented

•General

aframedrumthatusesringsorothermaterialstoenhancesoundquality.

OceanDrum

55


BassDrums

S9ckDrums SnareTom-TomDrumSetTimpani

SoundShapesTongueDrum

OrchestralGatheringDrumTableDrumDununDrums

Surdo

TantanRebolo

DuhullaBaandu/Thunder

BombaAlfaia

Zabumba

EweDrumsSabarDrumsKuAroDrumsCandomble

CaixaRepique

TaikoDrumsTimbalesKrin

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ShakersMaracas

EggShakersGanzaCaxixi

WristBellsJingleSAck

SistrumAnkleBells/AnkleRaZles

AxatseShekere

JingleRingJingleSAckWristBells

Ra>les

HoshoKatsaTeleviPacay

Kabamba

SeedPodRaZleAnkleBells

Chapchas

7


Scrapers

ConcussionInstruments

ClavesRhythmSAcksCastanets“Kokiriko”

Chime/MarkTreeZils

FingerCymbals

LummiSAcksTiRikauClapper

Bones/SpoonsBinzasara

CabasaGuiro

FrogRasp

GuiraRecoRecoWashboard

8


StruckIdiophones-Metal(Unpitched) Cowbell

AgogoBellGankoquiTriangle

Susp.CymbalClashCymbalHi-HatCymbal

GongFlexatone

KenkenBellTree

ChimeTreeFlexatone

AtokeAgungBabendiGongeGuataca

StruckIdiophones-Other

QuijadaUduJawbone

StruckIdiophones-Wood/Plas9c

WoodBlockTempleBlocksVibraslap

TongueDrum

9


PitchedMalletInstruments Xylophone

MarimbaVibraphoneGlockenspiel

•Orchestral:

•World

•Orff

Bala/BalafonGamelanInstr.

Gyil

TubularBells

Xylophones• Soprano• Alto• Tenor• Bass

Metallophones• Soprano• Alto• Tenor• Bass

BassBarsContrabassBars

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Lamellophones Kalimba Mbira

PitchedIdiophonesTongueDrumTankDrum

SteelPanDrumHandChimesBoomwhackers

Hang/HandPanVibratone

SingingBowls

IkembeAgidigboOpochawaKouxian

GamelanCrotales

Chordophones BerimbauHammerDulcimer

KhimSantoor

BowedPercussionVibraphoneCymbal

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Percussion instruments that are plucked to produce sound.

Percussion instruments that have strings.

Percussion instruments with tonal pitches.

Using a violin or cello bow on a percussion instrument creates unique sounds.

Sawblade

Learn creative, non-traditional ways to play the instrument (KPAS).

Become aware of (and eventually be able to play) the timbres and pitches of

the instrument in comparison to similar

instruments.

Study and practice the traditional music of the instrument via teachers, classes, books, videos and other resources.

Learn how to accompany yourself singing all kinds of songs on the instrument

Listen to and/or watch the

traditional music of the instrument.

Learn basic, traditional playing

techniques for the instrument.


Each of these tasks help us not only develop our musicianship, but also help us connect our musicianship with clinical intentions.

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MusicWe continue our relationship with instruments by learning good technique on them and by playing music with them!

(start here)

Beg

inni

ng te

chni

que

on

inst

rum

ents

mos

t com

mon

in

mus

ic th

erap

y pr

actic

e an

d lit

erat

ure

Knight & Matney, 2012; Matney, 2007; Matney, 2016; Scheffel & Matney, 201513

As therapists, we want to begin learning to play instruments that are most relevant to our work. The following slides promote musicianship through beginning technique on relevant instrumentation.

LargeHandDrums

GobletDrums

DoubleHeaded/PairedHandDrums

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PaddleDrums

Darbuka

BeginningTechniqueandInstrumentsthatUseThem

General“Lollipop”

DjembeConga*TubanoAshikoNgomaFundeTimbaCajon

Bongos

* While more advanced traditional play of the conga focuses on different technique, the beginning technical ideas/basic sounds are similar enough

BasicHolds,BeginningTechnique,andtheInstrumentsthatUseThem

FrameDrums

•Tambourines General/Gospel

•Ornamented

•General

OceanDrum

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TarFrameDrums(TarStyleHold)

Pleneras(SingleHandHold)LargerFrameDrums(LapStyleHold)

Shakers MaracasEggShakers

GanzaCaxixi

AxatseShekereJingleRingJingleSAckWristBells

Ra>les

17

BassDrums

S9ckDrums SnareTom-TomDrumSet

TongueDrum

DununDrumsSurdoTantan

ConcertBass

StruckIdiophones-Metal(Unpitched)

CowbellAgogoBellGankoquiTriangle

Susp.CymbalClashCymbalHi-HatCymbal

GongFlexatone

StruckIdiophones-Wood/Plas9c

WoodBlockTempleBlocksVibraslap

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Scrapers

ConcussionInstruments

ClavesRhythmSAcksCastanets“Kokiriko”

Chime/MarkTreeZils

FingerCymbals

CabasaGuiro

FrogRasp

18

Lamellophones Kalimba

PitchedIdiophonesTongueDrumTankDrum

SteelPanDrumHandChimesBoomwhackers

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Percussion instruments that are plucked to produce sound.

Percussion instruments with tonal pitches.

PitchedMalletInstruments

XylophoneMarimba

VibraphoneGlockenspiel

•Orchestral:

•OrffXylophones• Soprano• Alto• Tenor• Bass

Metallophones• Soprano• Alto• Tenor• Bass

BassBarsContrabassBars

Reflect on how to communicate and use this information with others in clinical context.

Learn how to communicate and use this information in general.


common name.


its shape.



Learn creative, non-traditional ways to play the instrument (KPAS)

(Das, 2011; Gardstrom, 2007; Knight & Matney, 2012; Matney, 2007)

Become aware of and be able to play the timbres and

pitches of the instrument in comparison to similar

instruments.

Study and practice the traditional music of the instrument via teachers, classes, books, videos and other resources.


Learn how to accompany yourself singing all kinds of songs on the instrument

Listen to and/or watch the

traditional music of the instrument

Learn basic, traditional playing

techniques for the instrument.

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ReferencesDas, K. (2011). The way of music: Creating sound connections in music therapy.

Denton, TX: Sarsen Publishing.

Gardstrom, S. (2007). Music therapy improvisation for groups: Essential leadership skills. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona.

Kalani (2008). All about hand percussion. Van Nuys, CA:Alfred Publishing.

Matney, B. (2007). Tataku: The use of percussion in music therapy. Denton, TX: Sarsen Publishing.

Relationship with Percussion

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