Z-A. 3a/+ - d-eDocument of

The World Bank

FOR OFFMCIAL USE ONLY

MICROFICHE COPY Repwt No. 10346-AL

TEepcrt No. 10346-AL Type: (SAR)LACOUR, V / X37335 / H4169/ EMEN1IN

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA

CADASTRE PROJECT

MAY 21, 1992

Infrastructure Operations DivisionCountry Department IMiddle East and North Africa Regional Office

This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance oftheir official duties. Its contents way not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.

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CURRENCY BOUIVALENTS

(As of March 1992)

Currency Unit = Algerian Dinar (DA)US$1.00 - DA 22.50DA 1.00 USS 0.044

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ANC Agence Nationale du Cadastre (National Cadastre Agency)APC Assembl6e Populaire Communale (Municipality)BA Banque d'Alg6rie (Central Bank)OCEP General Cadastre Establishment ProgramCF Conservation Fonciere (Land Registry Office)CNTS Centre National des Techniques Spatiales (National Center for Land

and Space Technology)DAS Domaine Agricole socialiste (State Farm)DGDN Direction G6n6rale du Domaine National (General Directorate of

Lands)EAC Exploitation Agricole Collective (Privatized Collective Farm)EAI Exploitation Agricole Individuelle (Privatized Individual Farm)EPA Etablissement Public Administratif (Autonomous Public Agency)EPIC Etablissement Public a Caractere Industriel et Commercial

(Commercially managed Public Agency)GDP Gross Domestic ProductGFCF Gross Fixed Capital FormationINC Institut National de Cartographie (National Mapping Institute)INF Institut National des Finances (National Finance Institute)ITTPB Institut Technologique des Travaux Publics et du Batiment

(Institute of Technology for Public Works and BuildingConstruct ion)

LCM Law on Money and CreditLIS Land Information SystemMOH Ministere de l'Habitat (Ministry of Housing)MOA Ministere de l'Agriculture (Ministry of Agriculture)MOE Ministere de l'Economie (Ministry of the Economy)MOJ Minist&re de la Justice (Ministry of Justice)

FISCAL YEAR

January 1 to December 31

FOR OmCIAL USE ONLY

DEWMORTIC ADPOPJUL REPUBLIC RE ALGEIA

CARDASTRZ PROJUt=

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

Table of Contents

Loan Su mary . . . . ......................................... . . .

I MNTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

II* LAND RESOURCE US AND REGISIRATION 1. . . . . . . .

A. Land and the Economic Reforms 1B. Land Use and Policies 3C. The 1975 General Cadastre Law and Its Implementation 7D. The Now Institutional and Procedural Setting 10E. The Remaining Agenda 15

III. THE PROJECT . . ... o .. 15

A. Government Strategy 15B. Rationalo for Bank Involvement 15C. Project Objectives and Summary Description 16D. Cadastral Mapping and Parcel Adjudication 16

S. Strengthening of the National Cadastre Agency 19P. Technical Assistance, Training and studies 20

IV. ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION ..... . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . 22A. The National Cadastre Agency 22B. Project Implementation Arrangements 23C. Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting 25

V. PROJECT COSTS AND FINANCING .. 26A. Project Costs 26B. Project Financing 28

C. Procurement 28

D. Disbursement 29E. Cost Recovery 30F. Accounts and Audits Requirements 30

VI. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION AND RISKS . . . . . . .. . .. 31

A. Benefits 31B. Risks 32C. Environmental Impact 32

VII. AGREEMENS AND RECONNENDATION ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

This report is based on the firdings of an appraisal mission which visited Algeria in Novesmer 1991. Themission comprised of Messrs. Vincent Lacour tsenior Housing Specfatist), Mostafa EI-Erian (Lawyer); NabilShehadeh (Principal Financial Analyst); Francis DOelbecque iConsultunt, Training Specialist); JacquesGastoldf (Consultant, Cadastre Specialist) and Bernard Samoullier (Consuttant, Mapping Specialist).Charles Sterling (Operatfons Analyst) and Pierre-Etfewme Bouchsud (Consultant, Economist) assisted fn thepreparation of the report. Task Manager: Vincent Lecour (MMIIN); D.vfslon Chief: Amir AL-Khafaji (CNIIN);Director: Pfater P. Bottelier (MI1); Peer Revfewer: Maurice Ass o CAFlAG).

This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performanceof their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.

Table of ContentE (cont'd)

ANNEXES . . . . * . . . . . . . . .*. .*. .*. 341. Cost Estimates and Financing 342. Technical Assistance, Training and Studies 423. Cadastre Production costs 574. Performance Indicators and Annual Targets 595. Supervision Schedule 606. Project Implementation Timetable 617. Disbursement Schedule 628. Documents Available in the Project File 63

FIGURES1. Algerian Population and Space 32. Cadastre Establishment Procedures 83. Cadastre Maintenance Procedures 104. Institutions 125. ANC Organization Chart 226. DGDN Organization Chart 24

TABLES1. Pilot Zones 182. Project Cost Summary 263. Project Cost Summary by Category 274. Project Inflation (percent per yearl 275. Financing Plan (US$ Million) 286. Project Expenditure by Procurement Category 29

Hap No. IBRD 23573

RENOAIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA

CADASTRE PROTECT

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

Loan Summarv

Borrower: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria

Beneficijriest Ministry of Economy: General Directorate of Lands,National Cadastre Agency (ANC)

Amount: USS33 million equivalent

Terms: Repayable in 17 years, including a five-year graceperiod, at the Bank's standard variable interest rate

Descripti2a: By supporting 'plementation of the cadastre, theproject would help thc 0overnment of Algeria to createa legal and institutional framework to ensure afunctional land market; to foster private investmentin agriculture, housing, and industry; and to lay thefoundation for a sound land-taxation policy. Projectobjectives are to: (a) strengthen the institutionsthat implement the cadastre; (b) support an increaseof annual land registration over four years; and (c)develop cadaotre-based information systems fortaxation and other land-related uses.

The project would include three components:

(a) a four-year cadastral mapping program for 3million ha of rural land and 36,000 ha of urbanland, during which mapping techniques would betested, and computerized land registration andmap production would be introduced;

(b) strengthening of the ANC; and

(c) provision of project-related technicalassistance, training, and studies.

Benefits: The main benefits of the proposed project are a strongcontribution to private sector development throughgreater individual security of land tenure and a new,accurate cadastral map of Algeria's densely populatedusable land. The current lacic of these as well as aproperly functioning land market make project benefitsimpossible to quantify at this time, butimplementation of the project is expected to providethe basis for quantitative valuation in the future.

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Preliminary information suggests that, on average,titled rural land is worth 60 percent more thanundocumented land.

Risks: The project's main risk is that the institutionalstrengthening component may not be carried out at asufficiently rapid pace to enable ANC to useefficiently its Lncreasing technical capacity toimplement the GCEP. This risk is minimized by makingthe cadastre as simple as possible, setting it withina strong institutional framework and definingperformance indicators and targets which will bemonitored through performance plans to be agreed uponby the Government and ANC.

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nR3IOC3AY!C AND POPULA REPUDIC OF ALG3RIA

OMas PROJECT

3stisated Costs and Financing Plan

Us$ Million______________________

Local Foreign Total______________________

ESTIMATED COSTS

A. Cadastre map & parcel adjudication1. Aerial photography 2.6 7.1 9.72. Digital stereoplotting 1.9 3.2 5.13. Ground survey 23.3 8.9 32.24, Parcel adjudication 10.6 1.S 12.15. Digital mapping 1.4 2.6 4.06. Legal data base 0.8 1.5 2.3

Subtotal 40.6 24.8 65.4

B. Institutional support to ANC1. Training 1.6 0.6 2.22. Organization strengthening 1.0 2.7 3.7

Subtotal 2.6 3.3 5.9

C. Technical assistance & studies1. Studies for land administration 0.2 0.4 0.62. Land inwormation systems 0.3 0.5 0.8

Subtotal 0.5 0.9 1.4

TOTAL BASELINE COSTS 43.7 29.0 72.7Physical Contingencies 4.4 2.9 7.3Price Contingencies 13.4 2.6 16.0

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS1/ 61.5 34.5 96.0

FINANCING PLAN

Government 61.51/ 1.5 63.0IBRD 0.0 33.0 33.0TOTAL 61.5 34.5 96.0

1/ Includes US$23.6 million of taxes and duties.

I. INTRODVCTI

1.1 Although the most important breakthrough in private sectordevelopment that Algeria has accomplished in its ongoing economic reformconcerns land ownership, its effectiveness is still hampered by the lack of aland right- ' .ta base. Land ownership and transactions used to be highlyrestricted ;nsistent with the central planning that was used to manage theeconomy. I parallel with the economic reforms, fundamental changes in landlaw are takLag place. Before the beqinning of the economic reform process,which has been progressing since 1988, experiments in agricultural landprivatization were carried out as early as 1983. Between 1987 and 1989, mostpublic agricultural land had been assigned to privatized groups of farmers andthe municipal monopoly on urban land transactions removed. However theGovernment of Algeria has yet to complement these sweeping changes by givingtitles to the new owners, thereby enabling them to carry out landtransactions, and by establishing a proper land-rights data base.

1.2 The proposed project is designed to set up a land-rightsdocumentation system (cadastre) that would enable smooth functioning of theemerging land market and foster land-related private investment. Thiscadastre would include a cadastral survey of urban and rural propertyboundaries and a register of titles that together would make legal informationon land rights easily available and simplify conveyancing. Project objectivesare to strengthen the institutions in charge of cadastre implementation andmaintenance, to support the progressive increase in cadastre annual productionand maintenance within a four-year time slice -- 3 million ha of ruralland and 36,000 ha of urban land would be mapped and 1 million parcelsadjudicated -- as a contribution to the Government's program to complete thecadastre in the northern part of the country within 15 years and to developcadastre-based information systems for taxation and other land-related uses.

1.3 The proposed project was identified in late 1989, and prepared bya study carried out between October 1990 and June 1991 and by a series ofmissions culminating in substantial streamlining of the legal andinstitutional setting of the -adastre. It was appraised in November 1991.

II. LAND RESOURCE USE AND REGISTRATION

A. Land and the Economic Reforms

Economic Reforms

2.1 Land privatization, although still incomplete, has been the first,as well as most dramatic, move Algeria has made toward creating a marketeconomy. However, before the private sector can benefit fully from theongoing reforms, a well-established land-registration (cadastre) system mustcomplete the land management framework. The reform program that theGovernment is undertaking began in 1987 when it decided to dismantle the'statefarm sector, which represented 40 percent of agricultural output and to giveusufruct rights to about 27,000 private groups of farmers. In 1989, theGovernment launched a second reform package to replace public enterprises'

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centralized planning by a decentralized management structure. In 1990 the Lawon Money and Credit I (LMC) was issued; this law established the central bank(Banoue d'Alafrie, BA) as an independent institution with responsibility forsetting monetary policy and overseeing the banking system. The LMCcontributes to leveling the playing field between public and privateenterprises and provides the legal framework for a market-driven financialsector. In the same year, the Land Policy Law was adopted, which provides forprivatization of urban land transactions. Although many components of thelegal framework for a land market are now in place, a full-fledged marketd aling with various types of rights such as ownership, lease, tenancy, andmortgage cannot function yet becauLe of the lack of widely recognized evidenceof these rights.

Country Overview

2.2 Management of Algerian land has reached a critical stage for theAlgerian economy because of three main factors: (a) a rapidly growingpopulation; (b) heavy dependence on food imports; and (c) the modest share ofusable land in the national territory. Algeria has a population of 26million, which has been increasing rapidly at 2.7 percent per year; the urbanpopulation, which represents 40 percent of the population, is growing fasterat 5 percent per year. Housing and feeding this growing urban population areamong the most serious ̂ hallenges to the country's development.

2.3 Heavy reliance on food imports, compounded by the very narrowrange of export commodities, makes Algerian food policy vulnerable. Importsrepresent a large part of national food consumption3' and are financed byexport income, of which crude oil and gas represent 96 percent. Gains inagricultural production would have a positive impact on the current account.

2.4 Usable land is scarce in Algeria, for rural as well as for urbanneeds, and competition between these two uses is intense. Although Algeria isthe second largest African country with 2.4 million km2, because of limitedrainfall, only 75,000 km2, or 3 percent of the territory, is suitable forcultivation; 400,000 km2 are considered suitable for grazing, foxests, espartoscrub, and shrubs. The Algerian population is also concentrated in a smallportion of the national territory; 80 percent live on less than 8 percent ofthe territory (Figure 1) along the northern coastal strip. This area containsalmost all of the country's assets: deep soils, abundant rainfall andirrigation potentialities, as well as communication infra- structure and largemarkets. Although the Government has constantly tried to foster urbansettlements in the less fertile region of the high plains, this policy has hadlittle influence on the urbanization trend. Therefore, an important item ofthe land management agenda is to promote an efficient use of urban land.

2/ Loi 90-10 relative A la monnaie et au cr6dit, April 14, 1990.

3/ Tie self-sufficiency rate is 25 percent for cereals and 40 percent formilk.

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Figuro It Algerian Population and Space

Algerian Populationby decreasing density

10o%- -.-..--.-.

90% - - --

80 --

70% -

60%

2 50%.0.

30%--

20%--

10%--

0% - _ _ 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

area

S. Land Uns_ and Policies

Allocation of the scarce arable land is being rationalized

2.5 Most of Algeria's rural land is located most in the northern partof the country. The 7.5 million ha of arable land can be broken down fromnorth to south into strips parallel to the coast; they consist of: (a)550,000 ha (of which 220,000 ha is irrigated) in a hot climate with abundantrainfall, on which citrus and early vegetables are intensively cultivated; (b)5 million ha in plateau areas, where winters are cold, rainfall fluctuatessharply, and cropping consists mainly of a wheat or barley and fallowrotation; and (c) 2 million ha situated between the dry south and the desert,and in the mountains, where cereal cropping is irregular.

2.6 Until 1987, when the state farms (Domaines Aoricoles Socialistes,DAS) were dissolved, these relatively large-scale, capital-intensive farmscovered a large part of the more fertile land in the higher-rainfall areas.

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When Alga&ia became independent in 1962, agricultural land belonging to Frenchsettlers, which was generally located in the rich coastal strip, wascollectivized into large state farms averaging 1,000 ha in size. In 1971, ina second step known as the Agrarian Revolution, the size of private propertywas limited to about 80 ha per family and excess land was incorporated intostate farms. In 1987, the DAS numbered about 3,100, had an average size of800 ha, and covered a total area of 2.5 million ha, or about one-third oftotal arable land. Because the farms were in the more fertile area, however,the propo.,rtion of their land left fallow was much small.er than in the privatesector, so that land cultivated by the DAS represented 40 percent of totalarea cropped in any year. This sector contained about 60 percent of Algerianproduction potential. It employed about 140,000 people as full-time DASworkers anxd hired part-time workers totalin.; about 180,000 (full-timeequivalent).

2.7 Private farms, which cover two-thirds of the arable land andaccount for 85 percent of the agriculture wo_k force, represent only 40percent of the Algerian production potential. About 60 percent of the 850,000private farms are on less than 3 ha, although it is likely that many farmersoperate more than one farm. This sector cultivates only about 60 percent ofthe arable area it occupies because much of the land falls in marginal areasand is left fallow. By contrast, in the livestock subsector, which plays anincreasingly important role in agricultural production, the private sectordominates; about 95 percent of the animals are privately owned.

2.8 A major change occurred in 1987, when the Government passed alaw4/ providing for the division of DAS into autonomous groups of privatefarmers. The breakup of the DAS involved the distribution of land and assetsto voluntary associations of no fewer than three farmers. About 22,000cooperative farms (Exoloitation Acricole Collective, EAC) were established,each occupying an average of 80 ha of cultivable land with 6-7 members. Smallparcels of land left over were allocated to individual farmers (ExploitationAaricole Individuelle, EAI)l 5,100 EAIs were also established, each with anaverage size of about 6 ha.

2.9 The 87-19 law introduced private management in former state farms,but it strongly limits the right of EAC and EAI members to dispose of theirland and prevents a formal land market from emerging. Because Governmentofficials believed that small-scale farming operations would be inefficient,this law states that state farm land should generally be broken up into EACsof at least 70-90 ha. EAC and EAI usufruct rights cannot be sold during thefirst ten yf:.'re following their constitution, and their members cannot renttheir right. (these rights may be forfeited in case of land rental or use ofland for non-agricultural purposes). These are obstacles to optimizing landuse and to consolidating parcels. There is ample evidence that an illegalland rental market is developing.

2.10 Although the initial breakup of the DAS was carried out in a

4/ Loi 87-19, December 8, 1987.

remarkably short time, some further adjustments were necessary and are stilltaking place. This reform has been carried out in three steps. First, theDAS were broken up and reassigned to cooperative and individual farms betweenOctober 1987 and May 1988 on a first-come, first-served basis. Second,between 1988 and 1991, 380,000 ha were given back to their owners from beforethe 1971 expropriation; the unfair control of land allocation and claimsexpressed by the farmers whose land had been nationalized in 1971-73 led tomajor amendments to land allocatlon. Third, dissatisfaction among EAC and EAImembers led to an ongolng reallocation of plots. As a result, the number ofEAIs has more than doubled (currently 15,900); the average EAC membership hasdecreaoed to 5.5, and thelr number has increased to 25,400.

2.11 At thLs last stage of the implementation of the 87-19 law, thelegal framework proved too rlgld and it was determined that: (a) most EACswere unfeasible and should be broken up into individual farms; and (b) EAC andEAI farmers should be given more leeway to reshape their farms. Cooperativefarms were often created without beneficiary willingness to share inoperations management. A growing number of farms ara being split intoindividual farms, although the legal basis for these individual farms isprecarious. Experience gained ln other countries shows that individual farmsare more profitable than cooperative farms. Agricultural operations couldreach the optimal slze by buying or renting supplementary land, which thelegal framework does not yet allow SAC and EAI to do.

Municipal control of the use of urban land is relaxed to give more space tomarket forces

2.12 A large share of urban areas lies either in the most productiveagricultural belts or in piedmont areas, unsuitable for construction forgeotectonic reasons. Some 80 percent of the population lives in the coastalarea, and three of the four major cities (Algiers, Oran, and Annaba) aremaritime ports. Urban land represents about 300,000 ha, and it is estimatedthat urban population growth (5 percent per year) generates the need for anadditional 15,000 ha per year.

2.13 The Urban Land Reservation Law';, which the Government issued in1974, established an urban perimeter for every city, prohibited buildingconstruction outside thls perimeter, and entrusted the municipalities(Assembl6es Populaires Communales, APCs) with providing suitable land forurbanization. Provision of land suitable for urban growth and thepreservation of agricultural land were the objectives of this law. Within theUrbanization Perimeter, state land was transferred to the APCs and privateundeveloped land could be sold only to APCo, which, in turn, were supposed toprovide land for public infrastructure and housing construction, as well asfor private individual housing construction.

2.14 Implementation of this law was unsuccessful and has resulted ininefficient use of urban land and encroachment on agricultural land. APCs,

5/ Ordonnance sur les r6serves fonciares No. 74-26, February 20, 1974.

which had a monopoly on land supply, had insufficient expertise, managementcapacity, and fundu to provide adequate land to meet needs stemming from urbangrowth. APC used to allocate plots to construction projects during ad hocmeetings, but conveyancing6/ was rarely carried out. Prices were fixed bynationwide rules that did not represent the economic value of land and,because the pricce were seldom paid, did not constitute an incentive forefficient use of urban land. Because land-use control was more stringent inthe urban perimeter, the growing demand for urban land resulted in increasedencroachment on agricultural land outside this perimeter. By the end of 1989,out of 564,000 plots that had been allocated to households for family houseconstruction, 170,000 were owned by households that did not plan to build inthe near future. Simultaneously, 300,000 illegal housing constructions hadbeen tallied in the agricultural land surrounding the main cities.

2.15 The Land iolicy Law7/, which the Government passed in 1990,dissolves the Urban Land Reservation System and provides for free landtransactions. APCs have thus lost their monopoly on urban transactions andprices are freely determined by the market. Land is still segmented intourban and agricultural zones, however, and construction remains firmlyrestricted in the agricultural zones. Zoning maps are to be prepared underAPC supervision, and APCs can monitor the evolution of the urban land marketby exercising their authority to preempt land. Land-management agenciesshould be created to this effect.

The lack of legal titles is hampering the implementation of these new policies

2.16 The lack of legal titles in rural as well as urban areas preventsthe land market and private land-related investment from developing. Only 5percent of private rural and urban owners have legal evidence of theirproperty rights. In the former DASs, only 5 percent of the government titles(actes administratifs)8 /, have been issued. However, there are already someindications of improvement: 20 percent of government titles for EACs and EAIsare currently beinj processed and, because composition of EAC/EAIs isstabilizing, it is expected that title issuance will now be carried out at anaccelerated pace. In urban areas, most of the transactions carried out since1974 were never translated into proper conveyancing. As a provisionalregistration system, the Land Policy Law stipulates that APCs will have tomake a land inventory that will be progressively replaced by the legalregistration system to be provideG by the cadastre.

6/ Conveyancing is the procedure by which the transfer of property fromone person to another is performed.

7/ Loi d'Orientation Fonci6re No. 90-25, November 18, 1990.

8/ Government title, (acte administratif), is the particular title definedby the 87-19 law as legal evidence of EAC/EAI beneficiaries, rights.

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Land taxation is not conducive to the development of the land market

2.17 Although land ownership and use is virtually untaxed, taxesrelated to land transactions are heavy and are an obstacle to properconveyancing and to the development of the land market. Taxation ofagricultural land was abolished in 1972, and schedules for urban land taxationhave not been updated since 1934; new constructions are exempt for 10 years;moreover, urban land tax collection is poorly administered and generated anannual income of about DA 300 million in 1988 (or .3 percent of budgetaryincome). In contrast, land transactions are heavily taxed; transaction taxrate is 16-20 percent of land value plus about 2 percent for recordation. The1992 Annual Finance Law, which indicates changes in land taxation policy, hasyet to be complemented by practical measures.

C. The 1975 General Cadastre Law and Its Implementation

2.18 Land registration is not new to Algeria. It has existed since1863 but was limited to a small part of the national territory and has notbeen maintained for the last 15 years. Before French colonization, individualownership was uncommon because land transactions were limited by religious(habou or wakf land) or civil (arch or melk land) rules. Land registrationwas introduced in 1863 by the French Government to enable settlers to obtainland and protect their property. Based on the Torrens system, it did notcover the whole territory, but concentrated on wealthy rural and urbanestates. In 1962, many French settlers vacated their properties, which wereeither confiscated by the State or acquired by individuals. Although landregistration was not abolished, it became progressively outdated. Since 1971,it has been further disrupted by nationalization resulting from theimplementation of the Agrarian Revolution and by the Urban Land ReservationLaw. Little attention had been given to conveyancing during thenationalization process.

2.19 A comprehensive legal framework for land registration9 / wasdefined in 1975 and 1976; it has been scarcely implemented so far butconstitutes a basis for a practical land-registration system (Figure 2). TheGovernment's objective was to establish a General Cadastre territory north ofthe 34th parallel10 / in ten years. The General Cadastre, as defined by the1975 General Cadastre Law, is based on the principles of the Torrens system.It includes a cadastral map to be established by the cadastre services and aland register to be established by the Land Registry Office (Conservation

9/ Ordonnance sur le Cadastre General et le Livre Foncier No. 75-74,November 12, 1975 and D6crets 76-62 et 76-63 relatifs a l'6tablissementdu Cadastre G6n6ral et a l'institution du Livre Foncier, March 25,1976.

10/ This portion of Algeria is the active part of the territory for landmanagement purposes; it represents about 110,000 km?.

Figure 2: Cadastre Fstablishaent Procedures

National Mapping Institut | National Cadastre Agency || adegisirZJ

| ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~I lWra Cdoto L|

m w~~~~d r'ed s. 1"I

0'..V .-.. Y ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ p...a,.di,*

L:.I dtX

Base flap .Ifts-

Fonciere, CF). The cadastral map describes the parcel boundaries. Theparcele of a section11 l are numbered and listed on a cadastre register wherethe names of the apparent owners12/ are indicated on the basis of theresults of the investigation carried out by a cadastral commission. Thiscommission is chaired by a local judge and includes local governmentrepresentatives and cadastre officers; it can settle minor disputes betweenneighboring landowners. Once the cadastre investigation and survey arecompleted in the whole commune, these documents are passed to CF, whichcarries out its own investigation and delivers titles, which thereafter

11/ A section consists of the parcels that can be represented on the samemap; it ranges from 5 ha in dense urban areas (scale 1:500) to 500 hain rural areas (scale 1:5,000).

12/ An apparent owner is a person who appears to have a strong interest inthe parcel according to the initial evidence gathered during cadastreinvestigation; the cadastre register does not constitute any evidenceof land rights.

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constitute the legal evidence of land rights. These titles are recorded inthe land register. Accuracy of the land titles is guaranteed by the State.Maintenance of the cadastral map, land titles, and land register are entrustedto the cadastre services and to CF.

Lessons drawn from cadastre implomentation

2.20 The very modest implementation of the General Cadastre after 16years' experience reveals that its design was too ambitious to be practicaland that the institutional setting was inadequate. In the territory targeted,less than 5 percent of rural land and less than 1 percent of urban land havebeen cadastred. In the communes cadastred, the cadastral map and the landregister have been improperly maintained. Project preparation hasdemonstrated that cadastre implementation was constrained by lack ofinstitutional accountability, inadequate cadastre establishment procedures,and unreliable conveyancing and cadastre maintenance. The institutionalsetting was not adapted to the completion of cadastre establishment in areasonable period of time and did not ensure that this task would be completedefficiently or with sufficient quality. The cadastre services have devotedonly 20 percent of their activity to cadastre establishment and haveaccomplished various tasks, such as EAC subdivision surveys and publicequipment surveys, that could be carried out by private surveyors. The rolesof cadastre services and CF were partially duplicated (para. 2.21(b)), whichcreated inefficiency and diluted accountability. Experience gained in othercountries shows that unified leadership is critical for cadastreestablishment.

2.21 Cadastre establishment procedures were too complex, as well asredundant, and did not take into account the existing diversity of land-rightjustifications: (a) survey methods used in urban areas were too lengthy andexpensive, included extensive field measures, and aimed at an unnecessaryaccuracy; (b) land rights were investigated twice, first by the cadastresurvey team and a second time by the CF titling team; and (c) although landtitles should ultimately replace any kind of land-right justification, titlingprocedures have not been able to cover a significant portion of propertiesbecause they have not recognized traditional land-right justifications in atimely manner. Because conflicts about boundaries and ownership have beenrelatively limited (less than 5 percent of cadastred communes), it would makesense to streamline titling procedures for those parcels that are covered onlyby traditional land-right justifications when the ownership is not questioned.

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Figure 3: Cadastre Maintenave. Procedures

Seller/ nuotry rveyor ANC |CF

l ~__ _ SAIE __ _lzzmSaw$ M___ __ ___ ___ __titl

Ige eih ont _ deposittIn in tiIrrswry esrow

accounSi

been complex and have not guaranteed sufficient accuracy, and the

docWments (seven to nine) for each transaction have made the pocdueos

coaepcrd MaP estalis

D. The New Institutional and Procedural Setti~~nd rl-o

2.22 Conveyancing and cadastre maintenance procedures aFigure 3) havebeen complex and have not guaranteed sufficient accuracy, and theprofessionals that implemented these procedures have not been accountable.For each transabtion, CF and the cadastre service have had to intervene atdifferent steps; the number of steps (five to nine) and the number ofdocument (seven to nine) for each transaction have made the procedure costlyand the risk of crror very important. Conveyancing professionals, such asnotaries and surveyors, have been few and inadequately skilled to be able toimplement conveyancing according to the land-registration system. The qualityof their performance should be improved by more effective accountability andan increased participation in cadastre establishment.

D. The Now Institutional and Procedural Setting

2.23 Experienceo gained in cadastre implementation and an intensedialogue between Algerian officials and the Bank during project preparationhave resulted in substantial modifications, intended to brLng about betterimplementation organization and simpler and more efficient procedures.Remaining issues concern the testing and fine tuning of these modifications

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and laying the groundwork for their full implementation in a new GeneralCadastre Establishment Program (GCEP) that aims to complete cadastral mappingand parcel registration in the territory north of the 34th parallel within aperiod of 15 years.

Institutions

2.24 The current institutional setting (Figure 4) under the auspices ofthe General Directorate of Lands (Direction G4n6rale du Domaine National,DGDN), within the Ministry of Economy (Minist6re de 1'Economie, MOE), givesclear responsibilities to ANC for cadastre establishment and to CF for parceladjudicationl3l and land register maintenance. The National MappingInstitute (Institut Natlonal de Cartoaravhie, INC) is the only Algerian aerialsurvey producer. The institutional setting also includes the district courtsthat settle disputes arising from the adjudication process and can be involvedin some adjudication, and the notaries and surveyors that implement theconveyancing procedures.

2.25 DGDN supervises public land management and land registration. Itincludes a Directora.te for Cadastre and Land Title Registration and aDirectorate of Public Lands (Figure 6). It is DGDN's responsibility toprepare and mainta.n the legal framework for land registration and tosupervise cadastre establishment and maintenance.

2.26 ANC was recently made responsible for implementing the GCEP. ANCwas created14' in 1989 out of the Directorate for Cadastre and Land TitleRegistration to improve the efficiency of cadastre services. ANC is anautonomous executing agency (Etablissement Public Administratif, EPA) underthe auspices of DGDN and is financed from the State Budget. It has 48 localbranches at the wilavia5' level, which are locally responsible for cadastreestablishment, and five regional branches. Until recently, ANC's main mlssionhas been cadastral mapping using orthophotographic maps produced by INC andits own field measures. In 1992, ANC was given full responsibility16 / forthe implementation of the GCEP, including the collection of data for parceladjudication. In the coming years, ANC will have to improve its legal

13/ Adjudication is the legal action by which the rights of a land holderare recorded in the land register. once a parcel is adjudicated, theland register, or aal extract (the title), constitutes evidence oflegal rights. Accuracy of the land register records is guaranteed bythe State.

34/ D6cret ex6cutif 89-234 portent creation de l'Agence Nationale duCadastre, December 19, 1989.

15/ Wilaya is the principal administrative subdivision of the Algerianterritory. There are 46 wilayas in Algeria.

16/ Decret executif 92-63, February 12, 1992 and Decret ex6cutif 92-134,April 7, 1992.

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expertise and remodel its management and organization to increase itsefficiency, accountability, and capacity to adapt to a rapidly changingsicuation.

Figure 4: Institutions

Institutions

Ministry Ministry 1 InWrIhierarchical link of Justice of the Economy of Defense

administrat ivesupervision - - -

l I

|Notaries| Surv yorsl | District Land National National(600) C(200) ourts (200) Registry Cadastre Mappinq

(CF) ~Agency Institute

(ANC) (INC)

Cadastre Establishment

Settlement of Parcel Ground survey Aerialland-related adjudication cadastral maps surveydisputes

Preparation ofparcel adjudication

Maintenance of cadastral maps and land registers

Conveyancing Ground survey Settlement of Maintenarnce of

for parcel land-related cadastral mapsboundary disputesmodification

2.27 CF, which is in charge of parcel adjudication (para. 2.32), hasgood legal expertise but is ill equipped to face the growing workload thatwould result from the implementation of the GCEP. CF is part of DGDN(Figure 6) and has local branches at wilava and district (daira) levels.Currently, CF devotes most of its capacity to the maintenance of the deeds andtitles resulting from the former land-registration system. Within the GCEP,CF will adjudicate parcels Based on data collected by ANC. To deal with thenew titles that the GCEP will produce to replace the former deeds and titles,CF will have to increase its capacity and to improve its coordination withANC.

- 13 -

2.28 INC iu the only Algerian aerial survey producer and is entrustedby the Government with the control of all aerial survey activities overAlgerian territory. However, it can contract out aerial photographing,provided that an INC navigator is aboard and the photographs are processed atINC's facilities. INC is a commercially managed public agency (EPIC) underthe Ministry of Defense.

2.29 Judges are part of the cadastral commissions and settle minordisputes during cadastre investigation (para. 2.31), although parceladjudication is CF's responsibility. Courts are inadequately equipped toaddress the growing number of suits involving land rights that will be filedas a result of cadastre generalization. Creation of land sections in localcourts and training of judges in land matters is envisaged.

2.30 Notaries carry out conveyancing (para. 2.35), with theparticipation of surveyors when boundaries are to be modified. The Governmentprivatized the notaries in 1990 but has yet to increase the number and improvethe skills of surveyors, and to a lesser extent, of the notaries. Notariesused to be civil servants whose duties and responsibilities were meagerbecause of the low level of activity of the formal land market. Since 1990,600 notaries have been admitted to open a notary office, and a NotaryAssociation has been created. Surveyors, who number 200, also have aprofessional organization. The quality of their activity, however, is not yetcontrolled. It is envisaged that a quality-control system would beestablished to ensure the quality of title and cadastral map maintenance andenable these private professionals to play a more important role in cadastreimplementation.

Legal investigation

2.31 Field investigation by ANC teams is generally well done, and theparticipation of a judge makes it easy to solve minor legal issues arisingduring investigation. The second investigation that CF used to carry out fortitle issuance purposes added little value to the first. It was bothconfusing and time-consuming for the citizens concerned. DGDN has decided tostrengthen the legal skills of ANC teams by the secondment of CF staff and togather all information needed for the cadastral map as well as foradjudication in a single step.

Adjudication

2.32 Adjudication is straightforward for titled parcels but takes fiveyears for the untitled parcels, which represent more than 75 percent of thetotal stock. New titles are issued directly against old titles when these arestill valid. There are relatively few valid titles owing to the paucity ofold titles and subsequent land-management reforms. In the remaining cases theprovisional adjudication system freezes all transactions for five years toallow possible claims to be filed, which is detrimental to the development ofa private land market and is likely to increase the number of illegaltransactions. Moreover, experience shows that objections are filed onlyduring the last year of this period.

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2.33 DGDN has agreed to simplify the provLsLonal adjudLcatLon system.The flve-year perLod wlll be reduc3d to two years. Cadastral teams willimplement the exlstlng procedure by whlch anybody who can demonstrate a 15-year peaceful occupation of an untitled parcel becomes owner of that parcel.These eimpliflcatlons should shorten the overall period for cadastreimplementation. Draft decrees concernlng these simplificatlons were revlewedduring appraisal. It is estimated that ln rural araas 90 percent of titleswould be ellgible for absolute or provlslonal tltle lssuance. The remainingpropertles will be adjudLcated after a judLcLal declslon.

Maintenance and convoyancing

2.34 Malntenance procedures are reasonably well-implemented whenchanges do not alter boundarles. However, thelr implementatlon during thecadastre implementatLon phase is unclaar. Because cadastre implementation canlast up to four years in a single commune, this jeopardizes the reliability ofthe new cadastre. DGDN has agreed to clarify the maintenance responsibilitiesto improve maintenance in the case of boundary modifications. Moreover, the92-134 executive decree allows ANC to promulgate the cadastre moreprogressively so that each cadastre section can be completed in no more than ayear.

2.35 Although the new LnstLtutLonal settlng streamlines conveyancingprocedures, these procedures have, indeed, to be made consistent with thedevelopment of the prlvate sector and approprlate financial instruments. Themost striking feature is that before any transaction can be conveyed, itstotal amount has to be deposited with the Treasury and cannot be releasedbefore the conveyancing is completed. As a result of this feature and of hightransaction tax rates, most transactions are carrled out without formalconveyancing.

Systematic cadastre establishment and voluntary title issuance

2.36 In addltion to the systematic cadastre establishment program,alternatives allow land-rlght holders to get legal evidence of their rights.The systematic approach that was chosen by the Government is cost-effectiveand has proven to be successful ln many countrles. During implementation,however, it creates lnequities among holders of land rights. To mitigatethese inequities, the OCEP gives priority to areas where land markets will beparticularly active (suburban areas and highly productive rural areas).Alternative approaches have also been designed to enable land holders to getlegal evidence when they need it to sell thelr land or lnvest ln it:

(a) the notorlety deed, which was instituted by decree 83-352,is a full ownership title and can be filed voluntarily withCF;

(b) all the legal deeds made before 1971 are legal evidence ofownership; and

- 15 -

(c) the Land Policy Law (90-25) institute. a possessioncertificate (certifLcat de cossessLon) that is not a fullytransferable title but can be used to obtaln a buildLngpermlt or mortgage.

B. The Remaiing Aaenda

2.37 The Government has recently improved the lnstitutlonal setting andprocedures for the new cadastre and now ham a workable GCEP setup. GCEPlmplementation will, however, reqiLre that: (a) the procedures be fine tuned;(b) the framework for an effective land market be organized, partlcularly withrespect to the notarLes and surveyors; (c) lLnks between the Government andANC be established on a basis that would ensure long-term flnanclng andefflciency LncentLves; (d) ANC organLzatLon and management be lmproved; (e)ANC staff be tralned and surveyors be suffLcLently skllled for subcontractingto be selected; and (f) the mapplng program be contlnued.

III. THE PROJECT

A. Government Strateav

3.1 Land registratLon is a structural element ln the vast reformprogram that the Government is undertaklng. The Government ls stronglycommitted to having the new cadastre establlshed wlthin the next 15 years.Land registration is a key element in the agrlcultural reforms, where itconditlons the emergence of a land-market and a better allocation of land, andin the urban land reforms, where lt is vlewed as a formal land marketdevelopment and monltorlng tool. It is a cornerstone of the flnancial sectorreform and a pre-condition of private investment. The Government has decidedto finance cadastre implementation from the State Budget and to recover onlymaintenance costs from the users. Although land tax reform is currently underway, it is not expected to use cadastre lnformatlon at the very beginning ofits implementatlon. Rather, land tax reform would be based on declarationsfrom land users and would use cadastre information only in a second stage whenthe cadastre would have reached a crltlcal slze.

B. Rationale for Bank Involvement

3.2 The project is a key part of the current econom.c- reform processthat the Bank supports, partlcularly for prlvate sector development. Theforthcomlng HousLng and Constructlon Sector Adjustment Loan (FY93), EconomicReform Support Loan II (FY94), Local Government Development Project (FY95),and Agrlculture Sector Adjustment Loan (FY95) are closely connected to landreglstratlon. This project would also pave the way for further Bank supportto the development of flnancial lntermedlatlon. Finally, the cadastre wouldbecome the basis for land-informatlon systems (LIS's) that could be used toimprove water resource and envlronment management. In addltion, Bank

- 16 -

experience in other countries provides a comparative advantage for ensuring awell-designed approach to establishing a functional cadastre in Algeria.

C. Prolect Ob lctives and Summarv Descrigtion

3.3 By supporting the implementation of the cadastre, the projectwould help the Government create a legal and instltutional framework thatwould ensure the functioning of a land market and foster the development ofprivate investment in agriculture, housing, and industry. Project objectivesare to: (a) strengthen the institutions that implement ti.e cadastre; (b)support the gradual increase of cadastre-related activities over a four-yearperiod; and (c) develop information systems based on cadastre for taxation andother land-related uses.-

3.4 The project would include the following components:

(a) a four-year program for the production of cadastral maps andthe adjudication of parcels for 3 million ha of rural landand 36,000 ha of urban land in which urban mappingtechniques would be tested and computerization of parcelregistration and map production introduced;

(b) strengthening of ANC; and

(c) provision of technical assistance, training, and studies.

D. Cadastral Mavpina and Parcel Adiudication

3.5 This component would support the cadastre's increase in productioncapacity, and would improve the techniques for urban mapping, map drawing, andland registration. Cadastral mapping methods for rural areas have provedcost-effective, but their implementation is still too slow and would beaccelerated through improvement of equipment and training. In urban areas,experience is too short to generalize any technique; various techniques wouldbe tested during the first year of the project. Some computer-aided designwould be introduced as a part of this component in order to increase theefficiency of the draftsmen, simplify the maintenance of the maps, and preparefor future use of cadastral maps as background for LIS's. For parcelregistration, the use of computerized data bases would be promoted to improvethe efficiency of the Land Registry and ease the access to the register.

3.6 The new institutional setting of cadastre (para. 2.33)implementation is critical for the success of this component. ANC wasrecently given full responsibility for cadastral mapping and for titleadjudication preparation.

3.7 Cadastre productive capacities would be increased over a four-yearperiod, during which 3 million ha of rural land and 36,000 ha of urban land

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would be mapped, and 1 milllon parcels adjudLcated. The component includes:(a) launching an aerial photography p:ogram and increasing the productivecapacity of INC; (b) surveying four pilot urban zones and developingstereoplotting for urban cadastral mapping; (c) lncreaslng the productivecapaclty of ANC ground survey teams and CF offlces; and (d) promotlng the useof computers for land registration and map drawing.

Launching an aerial photography program

3.8 INC would manage this aubcomponent wlth the exceptlon ofstereoplotting, which ANC would do. Some 18,000 ha of urban areas would bephotographed at scale 1:2,000, 1:4,000 or 1:8,000 as well as 1.3 milllon ha ofrural areas at scale l:10,000 and 1:20,000. This program would be contractedout by INC through ICB.

3.9 During the same period, INC would acqulre a new aircraft andphotographic equipment. This would enable it to implement the second part ofthe aerlal photography program, which would include a small-scale survey forrural areas (1,000,000 ha at scale 1:20,000) and a larger-scale survey forurban areas (30,000 ha at scale 1:4,000).

3.10 The existing geodetic network ia satLsfactory in the northern partof the terrltory and does not need to be densified in rural areas. In urbanareas, lt would be complemented by mlnor controls made by ANC teams and, lnthe southern cities, by SPS controls. Thls component would finance thepurchase by ANC of three GPS receivers. Stereo preparation would be carriedout by ANC teams.

3.11 Orthophotographic maps would be produced by INC for the rural partof the program and for 60 percent of the urban part. The remaining 40 percentof the urban part would be processed by stereoplotting done by ANC. Thiscomponent would finance the purchase of seven stereoplotters.

Surveying four pilot urban zones

3.12 Various mapping techniques would be tested in diverse urban areasto define suitable techniques for contrasting types of urban fabric: denseancient town centers, single-famlly houslng neighborhoods, and emergingsuburbs at the border of the rural belt. Four sites have been defined:Mostaganem (ancient town center), downtown Oran (modern urban fabric),Birtouta ln the Algiers greenbelt, and El Oued (densely populated town in asouthern oasis).

3.13 The mapping techniques that would be tested are: (a) dlrect groundsurvey at scale ls500 in dense zones; (b) stereoplottlng at scale 1:lO00 inmoderately dense zones; and (c) orthophotographic maps at scale 1:2000 in lessdense zones; in these zones stereoplotting would also be tested. Aerialphotographs would be contracted out by INC (para. 3.8), which would alsoprepare the orthophotographic maps. Stereoplotting would be contracted out byANC, which would do stereo preparation, aerotrlangulation, and ground survey.

Table 1t Pilot zones

Pilot 5one Parcel density area Mappingunit/ha (ha) technique

-------------------------------------------------------------- __----

Mostaganem (Tidjit) 100 S ground surveyOran 1S 40 stereoplottingBirtouta S 100 stereoplotting

orthophoto mapEl Oued 50 10 stereoplottlng

…----------------------------------------------------------__-------

3.14 Parcel adjudLcation would be done by ANC and CF using regularprocedures. However, an outcome of the test would be to estimate the timerequired for title delivery and to fine tune the procedure.

3.15 ANC would set up a monitoring system through which the time spentto carry out the different tasks would be recorded. An assessment of thetests would be carried out by ANC at the end of the mapping and at the end ofthe adjudication of parcels.

Increasing the annual production of ANC and CF

3.16 To increase ANC and CF production capacity, 70 ANC survey teamswould be set up in 1992, and their number would increase progressively to 130in 1995. Accordingly, CF would have to increase its staff by 400 in the sameperiod. Adequate equipment, office space, and vehicles would be provided forthis additional staff.

3.17 Additional cadastral mapping teams would come from redeploying 30ANC survey teams that are currently involved in survey activities unrelated tothe cadastre. An additional 30 teams would be recruited. To make room forthese new teams and to improve the current inadequate working conditions ofsurvey teams, 18,000 m2 of floor space would be built for the 36 local ANCoffices of the northern wilayate. Ground survey equipment and vehicles wouldalso be purchased. At the same time, productivity would be increased byimproving the management of ANC through the institution-strengtheningcomponent (para. 3.23) and by the introduction of digital mapping.

3.18 For parcel adjudication, the project would provide for theequipment needed by the additional staff. Computerization of the landregister would also increase CF's productivity.

Promoting tho use of computers for land registration and map drawing

3.19 It is expected that the use of computers would increase theproductivity of cadastral mapping and parcel adjudication and simplify themaintenance. A master plan would be defined to transform the land registerinto a computerized data base and to digitize the cadaetral maps. A furtherstep would be to transform these two instruments into a single LIS. This laststep is not part of the project.

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3.20 Although ANC has been using computer-aided design for severl.-years, it has not kept up to date with recent development of computertochnology and software, nor has lt integrated use of computers into ananalysis of the information flows. The project would lnclude a study toprepare a master plan for ANC computerization. The purpose of thls study isto analyze the flows of information and thelr recent evolution, to define acomputerLzatLon strategy for map production as well as for parcelregLitratLon, and to inltlate the first part of thls strategy. Terms ofreference (Annex 2) and implementation arrangements were agreed upon durlngnegotiatlons.

3.21 The land regiater is currently kept on paper. Thls system isburdensome, ill protected, and difflcult 'zo consult and to maintain. Thegeneralization of parcel adjudLcatLon wou?.d render it unmanageable.Experlence gained ln several countrLes shows that computerizatlon of the landreglster is possLble and could dramatlcally lmprove access and malntenance.Furthermore, lt would enable ANC and CF to update the reglster and the mapssimultaneously. The project would flnance the design of the data base alongwLth the equlpment (microcomputers) and software.

3.22 Dlgltal mapping would be used to prepare cadastral maps. Elghtgraphlc 386-type work statlons have already been financed through theTechnlcal Assistance Project (Loan 3176-AL). Once the computerLzatLon masterplan is drawn, all the local agencles would be progressLvely equipped andthelr draftsmen tralned accordlngly.

S. Strenathenina of the National Cadastre Agency

3.23 As noted earller, ANC, as a young instLtutLon, must adapt ltsorganlzatlon and work practlces to be able to discharge lts responsLbilltLesin implementLng the GCEP in an efficlent and effective manner (paras. 2.26 and4.1). Thli component consLsts of technlcal assistance and studLes to improveANC organlzation and management and to deslgn and implement a trainlngprogram.

Improvement of ANC's organizational structure

3.24 ANC is faclng the difficult task of buLldlng a more business-oriented institutLon as well as deflnlng the basLs of its relatLonshLp wlthlts tutelage agency, DGDN. Consultants would be needed to assist ANC incarrying out a study on oraanizatLon and manaoement. ThLs assLstance,totalllng about 12 staff-months, would be carried out over a slx-month perlod,startLng as early as October 1992. The study would asslst ANC ln lntroduclngeffectlve organization, management, and lnformatlon systems wlthln theframework of the DGDN/ANC lnterface. It would addreses (a) ANC'sorganlzational structure at both headquarters and the regLonal and localbranches; (b) development of management systems, lncludlng, ln partlcular, acost-accounting system; (c) development of a management lnformatlon andperformance monltorlng system; and (d) preparatlon of proposals for a DGDN/ANC

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performance plan. The study would also investigate the feasibility ofimproving ANC'o revenue base as a means to establishing ANC's eventual self-financing of investments. Terms of reference (Annex 2) and implementationarrangements were agreed upon during negotiations. Recruitment of consultantsto carry out the study, in accordance with Bank guidelines, will be acondition of loan effectiveness.

Training program

3.25 The current system does not provide for the specific skillsrequired by ANC. The objectives of the training program are, thus, to trainexisting and new ANC staff in specific cadastre skills and to set up a self-sustaining training system. Cadastre engineers and surveyors are currentlyeducated in the National Center for Land and Space Technology (CNTS) andInstitute of Technology for Public Works and Building Construction (ITTPB).Draftsmen are trained in the vocational training centers. The project would:(a) finance the preparation of training material to be used by the existinginstitutions to train ANC staff; (b) implement an accelerated training programadapted to ANC's growing needs; and (c) help ANC develop specific trainingcurricula. Terms of reference (Annex 2) and implementation arrangements wereagreed upon during negotiations. Recruitment of consultants to carry out thestudy, in accordance with Bank guidelines, will be a condition of loaneffectiveness.

P. Technical Assistance. Trainina and Studies

3.26 Many institutions other than ANC and CF would have to deal withthe new cadastre and must prepare for this new setting. The district courtswould have to settle a growing number of disputes arising from the parcel-adjudication process. The notaries and surveyors would be involved in theirconveyancing activities. The Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), whose role hasbeen deeply transformed by the reform of state farms, would have to develop anew rural land policy. Moreover, for various purposes such as land taxadministration and natural resource management, the cadastral maps would bethe background for developing LIS's.

3.27 The proposed project would provide: (a) technical assistance andtraining to the Ministry of Justice (MOJ) in land-related matters; (b)technical assistance to DGDN for the issuance of guidelines and comments forANC and CF officers, and for the preparation of agreement procedures fornotaries and surveyors to improve conveyancing quality and speed; (c)technical assistance and studies to the MOA to help it formulate a new ruralland policy; and (d) technical assistance to ANC to develop LIS's.

Technical assistance to the Ministry of Justice

3.28 The 169 district courts and 31 appeal courts already devote alarge part of their civil activity to land-related matters. Although disputeswill arise from parcel adjudication, it is the assessment of MOJ that

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clarification of rights through parcel adjudication would decrease the numberof disputes over time. However, a survey completed in March 1992 by MOJindicates that land-related disputes increase significantly in communes whereparcel adjudication is being carried out. To deal with the new workload, 30new courts will be created. The project would finance the training oftrainers, the setting up of a land law library, and a study to design a landlaw data-base.

Technical assistance to DODN

3.29 Although the regulatory framework was improved during projectpreparation, the implementation of the new legal texts requires thatguidelines be issued and that their implementation be monitored. Thisconcerns operational guidelines for CF and ANC officers, as well as agreementprocedures for surveyors and notaries. The project would support technicalassistance to prepare guidelines and agreement procedures.

Technical Assistance to the Ministry of Agriculture

3.30 The HOA is facing an entirely new setting in agricultural landmanagement. The proposed project would finance studies to define the futureland policy. These studies would: (a) define the principles of landownership and the rights of exchange; (b) set limitations on the use ofagricultural land and the authority of the Government to monitor, intervenein, and control the use of land; (c) examine whether land consolidation isnecessary and establish the legal and institutional framework for suchconsolidation; and, if appropriate, (d) define minimum viable holdings underdifferent situations (e.g., irrigated, non-irrigated, integrated farming).

Development of land information systems

3.31 The project would help various institutions and ministries toprepare LIS's based on cadastral maps and data. These would be useful forwater resource management and for environment monitoring. Cadastre designwill allow for the use of the cadastral maps and files as a basis for settingup LIS's, which would incorporate data coming from other sources, such ascensus, surveys, and satellite photography. A research team in CNTS isalready working on this subject. This subcomponent would include the designof LIS's; it would be implemented by the CNTS team under ANC and with theguidance of an LIS user group that would include representatives of theagencies concerned.

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IVo ORGAIZAZTON AND IZRLBTNZAON

A. The National Cadastre Agengv

Figure 5' ANC Organisation Chart

Director of the National Cadastri Ag.ncij

Deputu Director IVpuat Director |Dpul Director D|tOuity OtrectorSpec Ial CadestrGl General Personnel and

Asssgnmnis* Surveying Servicer,ss k

"lbozng 4nd Rural C dastral _ Prtntxng PersonnelDivsston~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ivso

National ~~Urban Cadastral Mlaterkal Mlanagemeni rinance and_ Land _ Surveuing | _ and Maintenrance Accounting

03vtslon Olvisson I Division ODlvs on

coputing ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Training andTechrkology ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~LibrarydD3vtsson O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ivision

Regional Office Regional Office Regional Ofic Regional Offi ce Re Ioa OfficeN"t Center E~~~~~~~ast South-uest South-east

(Oran) ~~(Algiers) (Constantine) CBechar) (Ouargla)

I~~~~~~~~Ovso I

Wtla"" W~~~ilayja Uilatja Wilaya iiayjOffices (w1) Office Offices (13) Offices (5) Of e I s lcs

4ol In 1989, AMC warn established by an executive decree1 7'/ onDecember 19, 1989, as part of comprehensive measures for cadastreestablishment and, in 1992, was made18/ the sole agency responsible forimplementing the cadastre program (para. 2.26). It is a semi-autonomous,administrative entity operating under the aegis of MOE, from whose Departmentof Cadastre and Land TItle Registration Lt was created. ANC has a Boardchaired by the DLrector General of DoDN, representing the MOE, and sevenmembers representing the pubILc interest. The Board proposes and monitorsANC's operating policies and decides on all matters referred to it by MOE.General policies such as staffing regulations, plans, and annual budgets areapproved by MOE and the Civll ServLce Administration (Direction Generale de laFonction Publiaue), as applicable.

4.2 ANC is administered by a Director appointed by a decree. TheDirector acts as chief executive and se responsible for implementing the Boarddecileons and ANCts day-to-day operations. He is assisted by four deputiesresponsible, respectively, for cadastral mapping, special assignments, generalservices, and personnel and finance (Figure 5). ANC is headquartered in

17/ Dbcret exDcutif No 89-234, December 19, 1989.

18/ Dscrets exncutifg 92-63, February 12, 1992 and 92-134, April 7, 1992.

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Algiers and has five regional offices, each covering a number of wilavate,where ANC is represented by a total of 48 local offices. At present, ANC'stotal staff is about 1,775, excluding temporary laborers. The core technicalstaff, mostly topographers and draftsmen with scant legal background, is about1,150, while managerial and administrative staff amount to 140 and 485,respectively.

4.3 ANC's finances are managed in accordance with public accountingregulations and are well structured, albeit with some deficiencies arisingfrom over-centralization and staff shortages (para. 4.4 below). The recurrentbudget is proposed by the Board and approved as part of MOE's national budget.The capital budget is defined by the Planning Commission (CNP) and approvedwithin the Government's investment budget. Both budgets are financed bygeneral revenues, except for minor fees for special services to third parties.The Director of ANC is in charge of expenses under both the recurrent andcapital budgets. The Director is assisted by a public accountant from MOE'sTreasury Department. Expenditures and accounting are currently centralized atheadquarters, and managers at both regional and local offices have noauthority over these functions, ANC's 1992 recurrent budget amounts to DA 253million (USS 11.2 million), of which about 94 percent represents personnelcost. ANC's proposed 1992 capital budget is about DA 182 million (US$ 8.1million).

4.4 Since the start of its operations in 1990, ANC is adapting itselfgradually to the imperatives of it. mandate. The project includes support forANC's institutional development (para. 3.23). Meanwhile, ANC is takingmeasures aimed at decentralizing operations and delegating broader operationalauthority to its regional and local offices, expanding the Board membership byincluding representatives of private sector professional institutions, andstrengthening ANC's financial management and staffing. ANC status was'modified in February 1992 to decentralize its financial management. Duringnegotiations, agreement was reached that, as a condition of loaneffectiveness, ANC Headquarters and local offices' financial management wouldbe strengthened by recruiting 12 administrative accountants.

B. Project Imolementation Arranwements

4.5 Because the project aims at developing implementation capacitiesto carry out the GCEP, implementation 4rrangements will be made with a view toGCEP implementation. They will concern: (a) the Government's commitment tofinance the GCEPI (b) project management; and (c) project execution.

4.6 Aareement was reached during negotiations that: (a) a four-yearANC performance plan and (b) annual GCEP implementation budgets would beprepared. A draft four-year ANC performance plan prepared by ANC and wasreviewed durlng negotiations. It includes commitments of both the Governmentto finance GCEP implementation and ANC to carry out this program and toincrease its productivity. It was agreed that this four-year program, onceapproved by the Government, would be submitted to the Bank as a condition ofloan effectiveness. Annual CCEP implementation budgets would be prepared bythe Government and ANC, reviewed by the Bank, and would be subsequentlyimplemented taking into consideration the Bank's comments. Moreover, a firstannual GCEP implementation budget will be prepared by the Government andapproved by the Bank as a cgodition of loan effectiveness.

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Figure 6: DODN Organization Chart

minisler of shEon

r o°Kity Mrls,-S* of Budget

l Genral OIC or*ato of Lands l

03rectorate, Otrectorat lof Land fbqlstration an of Dersonne l Mnag~t

Public Law _a lean an Traair.Nz

R.gtonal lnspectoe'atSub-dir ctor s of Land Registration

_ of Public Land Mnagewn

and Litigalion Land °.gistrtt ion Algiers

Anniaba

Sub-directorate _ fJechar_ of Lan Registralion Cdsrl1^pr

and Cao stral Mapping _ Offic _ Bejaia

81 ida

Sub-directoratt_ constanitne_ of AfDraisal and Seal sotatl

Oran

duargila

Sub-directors t_D Rolizan_ of Stott Lad land

6"ral Studios

Nait onal Cadastre ACi

4.7 ANC would execute the project, except for aerial photography, forwhich INC is responsible, and the technical assistance component, for whichDGDN, MOJ, and MOA would be responsible. The Director of ANC would be boththe GCEP and project Director, under the supervision of the ANC Board chairedby the Director General of DGDN.

4.8 The Director of ANC has appointed a GCEP implementation teamcomprising a Program Manager who would deal with general supervision androutine execution of the project and is assisted by an accountant and atraining manager.

4.9 ANC's organization and management would be made more efficientduring the project period. The strengthening of the training and financialmanagement functions that are currently taking place would be coupled withfurther decentralization and the setting up of a management information systemas a result of the management study (para. 3.24) and as a part of the ANC/DGDNperformance plan. The use of computers will reach the local offices, and theInformation Technology Department would be strengthened and would substituteits productive role for an advisory one.

4.10 A total of 400 new staff (16 percent of the present staffcomplement), including about 300 staff for ground survey and 100 for parceladjudication, would be recruited under the project. Because of the uncertainskills of the new staff, a total of 2,000 staff-weeks of training sessionswould be implemented for them. It is expected that about 160 staff would alsobe supplied from the special assignment survey teams.

- 25 -

4.11 The aerial photography airplane that would be procured in theproject would be owned by INC, under the Defense Ministry (Air Force Command).agreement was reached during negotiations that INC would have exclusive accessto this airplane and would use it only for the purposes of the project. ANCwould be charged the regular rate for aerial photography taken by INC.

C. Monitorina. Evaluation. and Reportina

4.12 Progress toward meeting project objectives would be monitoredthrough regular supervision missions that would be undertaken twice annually.Supervision would be aided by ANC documentation of implementation progress inits semi-annual reports to the Bank. ANC would develop a managementinformation system, including targeted annual performance objectives andmonitoring indicators, as part of the institutional support to ANC (para.3.23). A tentative list of performance indicators and annual targets isattached in Annex 4. Aareement was reached during negotiations that ANC wouldsubmit annual project progress reports to the Bank starting FY93; thesereports would contain full updates of monitoring indicators. The ProgramManager (para. 4.8) would be responsible for coordinating the reportingrequirements; a suitable format and timing for the reports would be agreedduring the first supervision mission. Not later than six months after theloan's closing date, ANC would prepare a project completion report.

- 26 -

V. PROJECT COSTS AND FINANCING

A. Proiect Costs

5.1 The total project cost, including physical contingencies andexpected price increases, is estimated at US$96.0 million, of whichUS$34.5 million would be in foreign exchange.

Table 2: Project Cost Su mary

Project Cost Summary

DA Million US$ Million X Total................... ............-.------.- X Foreign BaseLocal Foreign Total Local Foreign Total Exchange Costs..................... .................... . ............ ................... .............................................

A. Cadastre Napping & ParcelAdjudication1. aerial photography 59.1 158.6 217.7 2.6 7.1 9.7 72.9 13.32. digital stereoplotting 42.6 73.0 11S.5 1.9 3.2 5.1 63.2 7.13. ground survey 523.9 199.2 723.1 23.3 8.9 32.1 27.5 44.34. parcel adjudication 238.1 34.6 272.7 10.6 1.5 12.1 12.7 16.75. digital mapping 30.8 59.3 90.1 1.4 2.6 4.0 65.9 5.56. legal data base 17.0 33.0 50.0 0.8 1.5 2.2 66.0 3.1

..................... ................... . ............. ................ ............................

Subtotal 911.4 557.7 1469.2 40.5 24.8 65.3 38.0 90.1

B. Institutional Supportto AMC1. training 36.3 12.9 49.2 1.6 0.6 2.2 26.3 3.02. organization

strengthening 21.5 59.7 81.2 1.0 2.7 3.6 73.5 5.0,.. ................. ..... ......... ..... .... ..........-

Subtotal 57.8 72.7 130.4 2.6 3.2 5.8 55.7 8.0

C. Technical Assistanceand Studies

1. studies for landadministration 3.2 9.6 12.8 0.1 0.4 0.6 75.0 0.8

2. land information systems 7.5 11.3 18.9 0.3 0.5 0.8 60.0 1.2.............. ............... . ................ ................... ...................................

Subtotal 10.8 20.9 31.7 0.5 0.9 1.4 66.1 1.9.................... ....... ................... ........... ............................... .............

TOTAL BASELINE COSTS 979.9 651.3 1631.3 43.6 28.9 72.5 39.9 100.0Physical Contingencies 98.0 65.1 163.1 4.4 2.9 7.3 39.9 10.0Price Contingencies 307.0 59.0 366.0 13.6 2.6 16.3 16.1 22.4

...... ....................... .......... .. ..................... .............

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 1384.9 775.5 2160.4 61.6 34.5 96.0 35.9 132.4NB.. Subtotas.ma not. adad .. d- .to..-d. ac

...................................................................................................

NB. Subtotals may not add up due to rounding.

- 27 -

Table 3: Project Cost Sumary by Category

Summary Accounts by Cateaorv

DA iLlifon USS Miltfon VTotal. ........ . ........... ..-- xForeign Base

Local Foreign Total Locat Foreign Total Exchange Costs

Building construction, 190.1 88.1 278.2 8.4 3.9 12.3 31.7 17.0furniture & small equipmentTechnical equipment, vehicles 199.7 377.3 577.0 8.8 16.8 25.6 65.6 35.3& aerial photographyother development costs 565.0 110.5 675.5 25.1 4.9 30.0 16.3 41.4Consultancy & training 25.2 75.4 100.6 1.2 3.4 4.6 73.9 6.3

....................... ................... . ............... ............... ...........................

TOTAL BASELINE COSTS 980.0 651.3 1,631.3 43.5 29.0 72.5 40.0 100.0Physical Contingencies 98.0 65.1 163.1 4.4 2.9 7.3 39.7 10.1Price Contingencies 307.0 59.0 366.0 13.6 2.6 16.2 16.0 22.3

, ................................. .............. .................... ........ ...........

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 1,384.9 m7.5 2,160.4 61.6 34.5 96.0 35.9 132.4*~~~~~~ n--.--X- ............ . .-l....----------.-. .. -- -- s--s- Bz

................................................................................................

NB. Subtotals may not add up due to rounding.

5.2 Project costs are summarized in Table 2 and Table 3, and furtherdetails are provided in Annex 1. Project costs include only costs defined ascapital expenditures in economic terms, including those costs involved increating an asset in the form of a new legal cadastre, which is expected toproduce a stream of benefits over a number of years. Project costs do notinclude the coats of maintaining the cadastre, and therefore do not includecurrent expenditures. Project costs that are labeled "recurrent" are socategorized only in the financial, but not in the economic sense. '7nit priceestimates for vehicles, equipment, material, and civil works for building arebased on appraisal mission fina ngs and on ANC estimates. Physicalcontingencies of 10 percent have been applied to all cost items. Baselinecosts are as of the November 1991 appraisal. Price contingencies amount to 20percent of total base cost plus physical contingencies, assuming the rates ofprice increase shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Projected inflatLon (percent per annum)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Domestic 24.0 15.0 8.0 7.0 7.0 7.0ForeLgn 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Taxes of about US$ 23.6 million (24.6 percent) are included in project costs.

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B. Proisct Financing

5.3 The project would be financed as followss (a) a proposed Bank loanof US$33.0 million would finance aerial photography, mapping, computer,vehicles, and field survey equipment (US$22.6 million); aerial photography(US$1.3 million) in excess of the US$5 million INC program, which would befinanced by the Government; technical assistance and training (US$2.6million); civil works, furniture, small equipment, and materials(US$4.0 million); and (b) the Government would finance US$63.0 millionequivalent (54 percent of project costs net of taxes plus US$23.6 million intaxes). The proposed Bank loan would finance 46 percent of project financingrequirements, net of taxes. The loan would include 95 percent of the foreignexchange requirements (US$34.5 million). Project financing arrangements aresummarized in Table 5 and detailed in Annex 1.

Table St Financing Plan (US$ Millior,------------------------------------------------------------- __-----

Government IBRD Total

Building construction 11.0 4.0 15.1Technical equipment, 18.9 26.4 45.3vehicles and aerial photography

Consultancy and training 2.2 2.6 4.8Local expenditures 30.8 0.0 30.8

Total 63.0 33.0 96.0

C. Procurement

5.4 Aerial photography in excess of the INC program, estimated to costUS$1.3 million, and aerial photography equipment and airplane, estimated tocost US$8 million, would be procured through ICB. Computer equipment,vehicles, and mapping and field survey equipment, estimated to costUS$31 million, would also be procured thrcugh ICB procedures when bid packagesexceed US$300,000. Initial procurement of computer equipment would befinanced under the Technical Assistance Project (Loan 3176-AL). About 20packages with an average value of US$2.1 million would be procured throughICB. A margin of preference of 15 percent of the c.i.f. bid price of theimported goods or the actual customs duties and import taxes, whichever isless, would be allowed for domestic manufacturers.

5.5 Civil works, furniture, small equipment, and materials would beawarded through LCB up to an aggregate Bank financed amount of US$4.0 millionand through ICB otherwise. About 36 civil works packages with an averagevalue of US$400,000 would be awarded. Although Algerian LCB procedures aregenerally acceptable to the Bank, some aspects are inconsistent with Bankpolicy and could be improved to ensure better competition. Duringnegotiations, assurances were given by the Government that procurement underthe project would be carried out following procedures acceptable to the Bank.

- 29 -

5.6 Technical assistance, studies, and training estimated to costUSS4.8 million would be procured in accordance with Bank guidelines for theprocurement of consulting services. Consulting services costing less thanUS$10,000 would be awarded on the basis of direct contract.

5.7 Smaller bid packages, costing no more than US$300,000 up to anaggregate amount of US$ 3.0 million, would be awarded through internationalshopping on the basis of price quotations obtained from at least threedifferent countries, eligible under the guidelines, in accordance withprocedures acceptable to the Bank. Other development costs amounting toUS$32 million include such items as office rent, salaries, wages and relatedcosts, and miscellaneous expenditures, for which procurement is inapplicable.All bid packages estimated to cost US$500,000 equivalent or more for civilworks, and US$200,000 equivalent or more for vehicles, equipment, goods andsupplies, would be subject to prior review by the Bank, as would final awardof contracts in these categories. Prior review by the Bank would cover about70 percent of total contract values. Project expenditure by procurementcategory is shown in Table 6.

Table 6t Project Expenditure by Procurement Category. .................. ........................................ ............. .................................. ..........

TotalCategory of Expenditure ICe LCB Other Not Bank- including

Financed contingenciese.............................................................................. .. .......... ................. ..................

Building construction, 0.0 16.0 0.0 0.0 16.0small equipment and material (4.0)

(4.0)

Technical equipment, 42.3 3.0' 0.0 45.3vehicles and aerial (24.4) (2.0) (26.4)photography

Consultancy and training 0.0 0.0 4.8 0.0 4.8(2.6) (2.6)

Local expenditures 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.8' 30.8(0.0) (0.0)

Total 42.3 16.0 7.8 30.8 96.0(24.4) (4.0) (4.6) (0.0) (33.0)

....................................................................... .. ....................... .................................

Figures in parenthesis represent Bank financing

a/ International shopping.b/ Services should be procured in accordancQ with Bank guidelines.c/ Includes office rent, salaries, wages and related costs, and other local expenditures.

D. Disbursement

5.8 The proposed Bank loan would be disbursed against eligibleexpenditures to cover:

(a) 100 percent of foreign expenditures for aerial photographyin excess of the INC program, aerial photography aircraftand equipment, computer and field survey equipment, andvehicles;

(b) 80 percent of total expenditures for furniture, smallequipment, and materials;

- 30 -

(0) 100 percent of total expendLtures for technical assistance,studLes, and tralning; and

(d) 30 percent of total expenditures for clvll works.

5.9 Disbursements ln respect of ICB expendltures would amount to aboutUS$24.4 millilon equivalent. DLibursement agalnst contracts costlng less thanUS$200,000 would be made on the basLs of Statement of Expendltures (SOEs),wlth related supporting documents retalned by the LmplementLng agency forperiodic review by the Bank. The project would be completed by December 31,1996, and loan closing would be December 31, 1997. An estlmated schedule ofdlsbursements is given in Annex 6.

5.10 SPeclal Account. To facilltate timely project lmplementation, theGovernment would establish, malntaln, and operate, under terms and condltlonssatlsfactory to the Bank, a Speclal Account ln US dollars wlth Banaued'Aladrie (BA) to which the World Bank would make an lnitlal deposit,equivalent to about US$2 milllon, representlng approxlmately four months ofprojected Bank-flnanced expendltures. The Bank would replenlsh the SpeclalAccount as requested, upon receipt of satisfactory evldence that expendlturesmade from it were eligible for financing out of the fund. A replenishmentrequest would normally be sent to the Bank when 50% of the revolvlng fund hasbeen disbursed, i.e., about every three months not to exceed slx months.Recovery of the initial deposit would begin six months before the closing dateor when the total withdrawn amount of the remainlng Loan funds that areexpected to be dlsbursed by Loan closure has fallen to US$4 million. Anyineligible payments made out of the Special Account would be reimbursedpromptly to the account or, if the Bank so requests, refunded to the Bank.Any amount outstanding in the Special Account at Loan closure not required tocover further payments for ellglble expenditures would be refunded to theBank.

E. Cost Recoverv

5.11 Although the initial cost of creating the cadastre and the parcelregister will be financed by the Government as a part of its economic reformprocess, the cost of maLntenance of titles and maps wlll be covered by feespald by the beneflciaries. ANC's tariffs would be reviewed as a part of themanagement study and included in the ANC/DGDN performance plans.

F. Accounts and Audits Reauirements

5.12 ANC would maintain separate accounts covering all financialtransactions related to project activitles, and would prepare annualstatements of receipts and expenditures based on these accounts. The projectaccountant (para. 4.8) would be responsible for maintaining project accountsincluding internal arrangements appropriate for disbursement by the Bankagainst SOEs. Independent auditors satisfactory to the Bank would verifythese accounts along with the Special Account annually. By November 30, 1992,the Government would submit to the Bank a timed-bound action plan indicatinghow it would meet its audit requirements under the project. ANC would furnishto the Bank certified copies of the project's audited financlal statements andthe auditor's report, including an opinion on the expenditures claimed underSOEs and on the Special Account, within six months after thef end of eachfiscal year.

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VI. PROJECT JSUSTIPICATION AND RINKS

A. D.OfU&S

6.1 The main project benefits derive from greater individual securityof land tenure and a new cadastral map. Limited availability of data on landvalues, resulting from the virtual absence of a land market, makes itimpossible to quantify benefits at this time. However, the progressivelyemerging land market may provide the basis for quantification in the future.A description of likely benefits follows.

6.2 Security of tenure is a crucial pre-condition for development. Itprevides the framework for productive investment and land development by landholders. With secure tenure, farmers will be more likely to plan and investon a long-term basis. They will also be more likely to invest in on-farmfacilities, perennial crops, and soil improvement and less likely to exhaustthe soils for quick profits. All landholders receiving clear titles under theproject, especially those in urban areas, will likely be motivated to investin adequate housing and commercial development. The project may evenencourage the mobilization of savings among low-income groups, which could notbe mobilized in any other way.

6.3 The landholder's access to institutional credit will similarlyimprove. Currently, only those property owners with full-title deeds can usetheir lands as collateral for credit from commercial banks. Those withlesser-value deeds and those without documentation are limited to informalcredit and consequently more expensive borrowing terms. Improved access tocredit should, in turn, enhance landholders, motivation to invest in theactivities discussed above.

6.4 The project would reduce the incidence of land disputes byproviding security and clear delineation of tenure, especially in lands thatare currently undocumented. At present, the MOJ assesses at 80 percent theshare of land-related disputes in civil cases. The adjudication of parcels byCF officials is a straightforward and open process in which a judge helps tosettle disputes. This process is rarely challenged at the time orsubsequently. The reduction of court cases and legal expenses over time wouldresult in savings for the Government and the private sector.

6.5 The project would also increase government efficiency byeliminating duplication of cadastral surveys by various agencies. Readyreference to complete cadastre would reduce delays in land acquisition andin obtaining easements (servitude) for utilities, transport, and othergovernment and private projects. It would eliminate the expensive and time-consuming process of determining on ad hoc basis the boundaries and ownershipof land needed for important investment activities.

6.6 Cadastral information for planning and regulatory purposes wouldlikewise be improved under the project. The completed cadastre can providethe basis of a record system for regulation of land use, buildingconstruction, land consolidation, pollution sources, and other col.trolsapplicable to individual parcels of land. By providing a consistent data basefor all government offices, it would facilitate inter-agency cooperation.

- 32 -

6.7 Moreover, the project would help provide an improved basis forlanded-property taxation. Through the use of cadastre data, the ongoing landtax reform would be implemented on a consistent, professional basis. Thiswould limit de facto inequities among taxpayers arising from omissions anddistortions in property tax rolls.

6.8 A conservative assumption is that the increase in land valuesgenerated by parcel titling would be in the order of magnitude of more thanten times the cost of such titling. The direct costs of cadastral mapping andproviding full title are estimated at 0.4 percent to 3.6 percent of the valueof untitled land. Although it is not yet possible to estimate how much morevaluable titled land would be, experience gained in other countries suggeststhat the increase would average 60 percent of the value of undocumented land.

Project sustainability

6.9 Although the Government would bear initial costs for cadastresetup, ANC operations would be increasingly financed by fees paid by cadastreusers. This evolution would be monitored through the performance program thatwould be prepared before negotiations. In addition strengthening theinstitutions concerned will contribute to sustain the cadastre establishmentand maintenance process.

B. Risks

6.10 The project's main risk is that the institutional strengtheningcomponent may not be carried out at a sufficient pace to enable ANC to useefficiently its increasing technical capacity to implement the GCEP. Thisrisk is minimized by making the cadastre as simple as possible, setting itwithin a strong institutional framework and defining performance indicatorsand targets which will be monitored through performance plans to be agreedupon by the Government and ANC.

C. Environmental Irnact

6.11 While the overall environmental impact of the project is expectedto be positive, measures have been provided to avoid possible environmentalrisk such as inappropriate titling and use of wetlands and protected areas.The project would strengthen the Government's land use information system, andfoster cooperation between ANC, the Land Registry office and otherinstitutions and ministries concerned. To this effect, the design of a LIShas been included under component C of the project, and technical assistancein the use of LIS is provided to these agencies involving their closecooperation and their participation in an LIS user group. The project isclassified under Category B.

VII. AGREEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATION

7.1 The following principal agreements were reached duringnegotiationst

(a) Annual GCEP implementation budgets to be prepared by theGovernment and ANC for review by the Bank, and to be

- 33 -

subsequently lmplemented taking lnto consideration theBank's comments thereon (para. 4.6);

(b) The terms of reference of the organization and managementstudy (para. 3.24), the training program study (para. 3.25),and the computerization master plan (para. 3.20)t

(c) The appointment of a project implementation team within ANCto include a program manager, a project accountant, and atraining manager, and such positions to be maLntained untilthe end of the project implementation perLod (para. 4.8);

(d) The terms of reference of the technical assistance to MOJ(para. 3.28) and MOA (para. 3.30);

(e) Procedures for LCB under the project (para. 5.4);

(f) Modalities concerning the use of SOEs and the SpecialAccount (para. 5.8);

(g) maintenance of separate ANC records and accounts coveringall financial transactions related to project activlties,and submission to the Bank of annual audited statements ofreceipts and expenditures based on these accounts not laterthan six months after the end of each fiscal year (para.5.10);

(h) ANC to submit to the Bank, starting in FY 93, annual projectprogress reports with full updates of monitoring indicators(para. 4.12);

(i) ANC to submit certified copies of the project's auditedfinancial statements and the auditor's report, including anopinion on the expenditures claimed under Statements ofExpenditure to be furnished by ANC to the Bank within sixmonths after the end of each fiscal year.

(j) The Government submit to the Bank a time-bound action planindicating how it would meet its audit requirements underthe project By November 30, 1992 (para. 5.10).

7.2 Conditions of loan effectiveness are the following: (a)governmental approval of a four-year ANC performance plan satisfactory to theBank (para. 4.6(a)); (b) governmental approval of the first annual budget forthe implementation of the GCEP (para. 4.6); (c) recruitment of consultants tocarry out the management study and the tralning program study in accordance toBank guidelines (para. 3.24 and para. 3.25); and (d) recruitment of 12 publicaccountants by ANC (para. 4.4).

7.3 With the above agreements, the project constitutes a suitablebasis for a Bank loan of US$33 million to the Democratic and Popular Republicof Algeria. The project is expected to be completed by December 31, 1996.

- 34 -

Annex 1Table 1 of 8

1. Cost-Zxtimatges And4 inancin

Democratic and Popular Repubifc of AlgeriaCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Project Cost Sumuarv

DA Ntllion USS Nitlion X Total............. ................----.------ -X Foreign Base

Local Foreign Total Local Foreign Total Exchange Costs.......... ........................ ................ ..................... .... ...... ..................

A. Cadastre mapping & parcelAdjudication1. aerial photography 59.1 153.6 217.7 2.6 7.1 9.7 72.9 13.32. digital stereoplotting 42.6 73.0 115.5 1.9 3.2 5.1 63.2 7.13. ground survey 523.9 199.2 723.1 23.3 8.9 32.1 27.5 44.34. parcel adjudication 238.1 34.6 272.7 10.6 1.5 12.1 12.7 16.75. digital mapping 30.8 59.3 90.1 1.4 2.6 4.0 65.9 5.56. legal database 17.0 33.0 50.0 0.8 1.5 2.2 66.0 3.1

................. ....... . ................... .. .. ..... ......... . .................... ........ .

Subtotal 911.4 557.7 1469.2 40.5 24.8 65.3 38.0 90.1

B. Institutional Supportto ANC1. training 36.3 12.9 49.2 1.6 0.6 2.2 26.3 3.02. organization

strengthening 21.5 59.7 81.2 1.0 2.7 3.6 73.5 5.0............ ............ ... .... ........... . ............ . .........

Subtotal 57.8 72.7 130.4 2.6 3.2 5.8 55.7 8.0

C. Technical Assistanceand studies1. studies for landadministration 3.2 9.6 12.8 0.1 0.4 0.6 75.0 0.8

2. land information systems 7.5 11.3 18.9 0.3 0.5 0.8 60.0 1.2...... .......... ..... ................ .............................. .............

Subtotal 10.8 20.9 31.7 0.5 0.9 1.4 66.1 1.9..................... ~~~~~~~~ .......................

TOTAL BASELINE COSTS 979.9 651.3 1631.3 43.6 28.9 72.5 39.9 100.0Physical Contingencies 98.0 65.1 163.1 4.4 2.9 7.3 39.9 10.0Price Contingencies 307.0 59.0 366.0 13.6 2.6 16.3 16.1 22.4

. ........ . .. .. . ......................... ............

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 1384.9 775.5 2160.4 61.6 34.5 96.0 35.9 132.4*=n--W--------IC -- a, unmua *-=--e#-s-- *------sa

NB..Su.totals.mar.not.d... d.e...to rundin.. .. 3gu U. U3.. 3U3UZU.U.U UUUUUUUUZUUU

NB. Subtotals may not add up due to roundinig.

- 35 -

Annex 1Table 2 of 8

Democratic and Popular Republic of AlgeriaCodastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Summarv Accounts by Categor=

DA fillion US$ Million XTotal- ----.. . XForeign Base

Local Foreign Total Local Foreign Total Exchange Costs~~~~~~~...... ...................... .................... .................

Building construction, 190.1 88.1 278.2 8.4 3.9 12.3 31.7 17.0furniture & small equipentTechnical equipment, vehicles 199.7 377.3 577.0 8.8 16.8 25.6 65.6 35.3& aerial photographyOther development costs 565.0 110.5 675.5 25.1 4.9 30.0 16.3 41.4Consultancy & training 25.2 75.4 100.6 1.2 3.4 4.6 73.9 6.3

........ ............................. ....... ............ . .. .. ... ...... . ...

TOTAL BASELINE COSTS 980.0 651.3 1.631.3 43.5 29.0 72.5 40.0 100.0Physical Contingencies 98.0 65.1 163.1 4.4 2.9 7.3 39.7 10.1Price Contingencies 307.0 59.0 366.0 13.6 2.6 16.2 16.0 22.3

.. i; .................... ............ ....... ......... ............. ..................... ..........

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 1, 384.9 775.5 2,160.4 61.6 34.5 96.0 35.9 132.4_................. .................._......... .. . . . . u.._

NB. Subtotals my not add up due to rounding.

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Annex ITable 3 of 8

Democratic and Popular Republic of AlgeriaCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Financina Plan by Disbursement CateaorvCUSS million)

Bank Loan Government Total Local.................. -.--. For. (Exct. Duties

Amount X Amount X Amount X Exch. Taxes) & Tax.

A. Equipment 22.6 58.8 15.9 41.2 38.5 40.1 22.6 6.2 9.7B. Furniture & smtll equip. 2.5 58.0 1.8 42.0 4.3 4.5 2.5 0.7 1.1C. Civil works 4.0 26.5 11.1 73.5 15.1 15.8 4.0 7.8 3.3D. Local expenditure 0.0 0.0 32.3 100.0 32.3 33.6 1.5 22.7 8.1E. Tec. Assist., train. & studies 2.5 75.0 0.8 25.0 3.3 3.4 2.5 0.0 0.8F. Aerial photography 1.3 53.2 1.2 46.8 2.5 2.6 1.3 0.6 0.6

.................. ;;......................................................

Total Disbursement 33.0 34.3 63.0 65.7 96.0 100.0 34.5 38.0 23.6___-u-----------asauauuuau.uau:uuuzuuuuuuuuuu--.uuummu

............................................................................................................

NB. Subtotats may riot add up due to rounding.

- 37 -

Annex 1Table 4 of 8

Democratic and Popular RepubLic of AlgeriaCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Proiect Comonents by Year

Totals Including Contingencies Totals Including ContingenciesDA milLion USS militon

....................................... ....................................................................................

1992/93 193/94 1994/95 1995/96 Total 1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 Totaluu muuu....uU.a.u...... ........... uuuuuuiuaunu.uu3m............................. .... g .B := =

A. Cad. map & parcel adjudic.1. aerial photography 9.4 15.5 135.1 114.6 274.6 0.4 0.7 6.0 5.1 12.22. digital stereopletting 31.5 37.0 42.9 30.1 141.5 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.3 6.33. ground survey 209.7 233.8 290.3 236.8 970.7 9.3 10.4 12.9 10.5 43.14. parcel adjudication 33.4 73.7 111.1 178.4 396.6 1.5 3.3 4.9 7.9 17.6S. digital mapping 1.5 27.4 54.5 28.6 112.0 0.1 1.2 2.4 1.3 5.06. Legal database 0.0 22.3 28.4 11.0 61.6 0.0 1.0 1.3 0.5 2.7

.................. ........................................................... ....................................

Subtotal 285.6 409.7 662.3 599.5 1957.0 12.7 18.2 29.4 26.6 87.0

S. Instit. support to ANC1. training 3.7 15.4 39.3 10.0 68.3 0.2 0.7 1.7 0.4 3.02. organiz. strengthening 23.3 24.7 26.1 22.3 96.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 4.3

..................... .................................. . ........................ ....................................

Subtotal 27.0 40.1 65.4 32.3 164.7 1.2 1.8 2.9 1.4 7.3

C. Tech. assist. & studies1. studies for land administ 1.8 5.6 7.8 0.0 15.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.72. land information systems 3.2 8.6 5.5 6.1 23.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 1.0

.........................................................................Subtotal 5.0 14.2 13.3 6.1 38.6 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.3 1.7

.... ................................. ....................................TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 317.6 464.0 741.0 637.8 2160.4 14.1 20.6 32.9 28.3 96.0

BS t-------m--------ay-- notada-d----d-u--t-or......................... ...........................................................................

NS. Subtotals may not add up due to rounding.

- 38 -

Annex 1Table 5 of

Democratic and Popular Republic of AlgeriaCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

(DA million)

Sumnarv Accounts be Year

Base Costs Foreign Exchange................................................................................................... ............

1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 Total X Amount

. INVESTMENT COSTS

..................

A. Building construction 54.4 77.6 78.4 44.6 255.1 30.0 76.5B. Technical equipment 61.4 79.2 136.7 60.2 337.5 65.7 221.8

Aerial photo aircraft 0.0 0.0 49.5 24.7 74.2 90.9 67.5Aerial photography 2.9 3.8 5.7 0.0 12.3 74.5 9.2Orthophotomaps 2.7 3.6 7.2 18.0 31.5 50.0 15.8Office furniture 6.1 6.0 4.4 6.7 23.3 50.0 11.6Consultancy 20.8 32.1 24.7 18.3 95.9 75.0 71.9Training 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.7 4.7 75.0 3.5Vehicles 52.0 26.0 29.5 13.9 121.3 51.9 63.0

............................................. .................................................................

OTAL INVESTMENT COSTS 201.7 229.7 337.4 187.1 955.9 56.6 540.9

3. RECURRENT COSTS..................

Salaries 46.7 82.6 119.8 149.2 398.4 0.0 0.0Sal.rel. cost 6.5 9.4 12.6 13.4 41.9 0.0 0.0Travel 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Office space 5.4 13.2 21.0 25.5 65.2 0.0 0.0M4ap material 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Other materiat 3.1 7.9 15.8 17.2 44.0 65.0 28.6Equipment ope. & maint. 12.0 23.1 41.8 49.1 125.9 65.0 81.9Miscellaneous operat. cost 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

, .......................................................................... ............

TOTAL RECURRENT COSTS 73.7 136.2 211.1 254.4 675.4 16.4 110.5................... -............... ;;..........

Total BASELINE COSTS 275.4 365.9 548.5 441.5 1631.3 39.9 651.3Physicat Contingencies 27.5 36.6 54.8 44.2 163.1 39.9 65.1Price ContIngencies 14.7 61.5 137.7 152.1 366.0 16.1 59.0

........................ ...... .......... ........................ . ............................... . ........ i..

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 317.6 464.0 741.0 637.8 2160.4 35.9 775.5

Taxes 87.3 117.7 173.1 152.1 530.2 0.0 0.0Foreign Exchange 132.7 165.7 284.4 192.7 M7.5 100.0 m7.5

............................... ......................................................................NB. Subtotats may not add up dOue to roundfng.

and ofCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Summarv Account by Proiect Comaonent

(DA million)

lawaerial digital parcel organiz. studies inform-photo- stereo- ground adJudica- digital legal train- strength- for tand ationgraphy plotting survey tion mapping database ing ening acninist system

I. INVESTNWT COSTS....................

A. building construction 1.5 2.5 181.4 61.0 0.0 0.0 8.7 0.0 0.0 0.0B. technical equip.ent 78.4 79.2 57.0 0.0 57.1 28.9 15.3 11.2 0.0 10.5C. aerial photo aircraft 74.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00. aerial photography 12.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0E. orthophotomaps 31.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0F. office furniture 0.1 0.3 5.8 16.7 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0G. consultancy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.8 0.0 8.4 66.6 12.8 3.2H. training 0.0 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0I. vehicles 1.7 0.0 116.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0....... ............ .................................................................................

Total INVESTMENT COSTS 199.7 86.8 361.2 77.7 61.9 28.9 35.3 77.9 12.8 13.7

11. RECORRENT COSTS. ..................

A. salaries 1.5 6.5 206.9 169.3 2.9 0.9 7.8 0.0 0.0 2.6B. sal.rel. cost 0.0 0.0 41.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0C. travel 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00. office space 0.2 0.7 48.6 13.5 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0E. map material 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0F. other mterial 0.1 0.0 9.1 8.5 13.4 13.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0G. equipmant oper. & mainten. 16.2 21.6 55.4 3.8 11.9 7.2 3.9 3.4 0.0 2.6H. miscellaneous operat.cost 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

TOTAL RECURRENT COSTS 18.0 28.8 361.9 195.1 28.2 21.1 13.9 3.4 0.0 5.2

TOTAL BASELINE COSTS 217.7 115.5 723.1 272.7 90.1 50.0 49.2 81.2 12.8 18.9Physical Contingencies 21.8 11.6 72.3 27.3 9.0 5.0 4.9 8.1 1.3 1.9Price Contingencies 35.1 14.4 175.3 96.6 12.8 6.7 14.2 7.0 1.0 2.7.......................... ................................................................................................................................

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS 274.6 141.5 970.7 396.6 112.0 61.6 68.3 96.4 15.1 23.5

Taxes 44.3 34.6 259.6 96.7 27.5 15.1 18.9 24.0 3.8 5.8Foreign Exchange 193.0 86.1 233.3 41.5 71.4 39.4 15.4 70.6 11.4 13.4

NB. Subtotals may not add up due to rounding.

3rP

0 O 3

- 40 -

Annex I

Table 7 of 8

Demoratic ad Popular Republic of AlgerisCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Financirm Plan by Proiet CooMonents

(US$ million)

ank Loan Government Total Local................................................ Foreign (Exel. DutiesAMount X Amount X Amount X Exch. Taxes) & Tax.

_ ..................... UUUUUUUUU-Uf.U.mUUU.UUUUUUgU_uuuuu.uuuuuu

A. Aerial photography 8.6 70.3 3.6 29.7 12.2 12.7 8.6 1.7 2.0B. Digital stereoplotting 3.8 60.9 2.5 39.1 6.3 6.6 3.8 0.9 1.5C. Ground survey 10.4 24.0 32.8 76.0 43.1 44.9 10.4 21.2 11.50. Parcel adjudieation 1.8 10.5 15.8 89.5 17.6 18.4 1.8 11.5 4.3E. Digital Mppine 3.2 63.8 1.8 36.2 5.0 5.2 3.2 0.6 1.2F. Legal database 1.8 64.0 1.0 36.0 2.7 2.9 1.8 0.3 0.7G. Training 0.7 22.5 2.4 77.5 3.0 3.2 0.7 1.5 0.8H. Organiz.str.ngthening 1.6 38.4 2.6 61.6 4.3 4.5 3.1 0.1 1.11. Studies for land 0.5 75.0 0.2 25.0 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.2J. Land informtion system 0.6 57.0 0.4 43.0 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.3

,.. ...... i;................................................................

Total Disbursement 33.0 34.3 63.0 65.7 96.0 100.0 34.5 38.0 23.6

NB. Subtotals my not add up da to rounding.

- 41 -

Annex1Table 8 of 8

Democratic and Popular Repbitic of AlgeriaCadastre Project

Staff Appraisal Report

Financina Plan by DOsbursement Cateaorv

(USS million)

Bank Loan Government Total Local... ............ ........ ..... ..-.---- - ----------Foreign (Excl. DutfesAmOUnt X Amw.nt X Amount X Exch. Taxes) & Tax.mmvu.uuu.uaaaauuaauaauimumnauauau uuuuausa.uumuuu

A. Equipment 22.6 58.8 15.9 41.2 38.5 40.1 22.6 6.2 9.7S. Furniture & swtll equip. 2.5 58.0 1.8 42.0 4.3 4.5 2.5 0.7 1.1C. Civil works 4.0 26.5 11.1 73.5 15.1 15.8 4.0 7.8 3.3D. Local expenditure 0.0 0.0 32.3 100.0 32.3 33.6 1.5 22.7 8.1E. Tec. assist., train. & studies 2.5 75.0 0.8 25.0 3.3 3.4 2.5 0.0 0.8F. Aerial Photography 1.3 53.2 1.2 46.8 2.5 2.6 1.3 0.6 0.6

Total Disbursement 33.0 34.3 63.0 65 7 96.0 100.0 34.5 38.0 23.6- -- _ _~~~~~-------- --- - - _ _a"a

uauuuuuuuuuuuuuuia................................auuua..........................

NB. Stbtotals *y not add up duae to road Ing.

- 42 -

Anngx 2Page 1 of 15

DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIACADASTRE PROJECT

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

2. Technical Assistance. Training and Studies

Technical Assistance

1. Consultants will be required to assist ANC with the increase inits production, D6DN, MOA and MOJ with the implementation of the new landregistration framework, and the design of land information systems. Thisassistance, totalling about 8 staff-years, will include 8 staff-years of long-term input and 4 staff-years of short-term input, broken down as follows:

Technical Assistance Staff-months

Procurement 6

Issuance of Technical Guidelines for ANCand CF officers 4

Pilot zone test follow up 2

Computerization master plan follow up 12

Workstations 6

Land Information Systems 2

Ministry of Justice 2

Ministry of Agriculture 2

Improvement of ANC organization 12

Total 48

- 43 -

Annex 1Page 2 of 15

Training

2. Strengthening of ANC's human resources, modernization of cadastralmapping techniques, and increasing the autonomy of local offices will impose aconsiderable training burden on ANC, and on the educational institutions whichtraditionally provide ANC with its trained manpower. A master plan pre-paratory study will be carried out during the first project year. Technicalassistance will be provided to the educational institutions. The training tobe provided will address the needs of new staff for initiation courses,current staff for refresher courses, managers for the introduction of a newmanagement approach, and technicians for new mapping and data managementtechniques.

3. Technical Assistance to Education Institutions. Technicalassistance will be provided to the education institutions to fine tune theirprograms to the needs of ANC. Academic education in surveying is provided bythe CNTS for master's degree, by the Institute of Technology for Public Worksand Building construction (Institut Technoloaiaue des Travaux Publics et duBatiment, ITTPB) for higher technician diploma (two-year program of post-secondary education), and the vocational training centers for the draftsmancertificate (baccalaureate level). Technical assistance to update textbooksfor these institutions will be provided for a total of six staff-months. TheBank loan will finance rehabilitation of CNTS-owned photogrammetry equipment,which will be used for educational and for production purposes.

4. Initiation courses. To prepare new staff for the specificities ofcadastre mapping and land registration, ANC will run initiation courses usingits own staff as well as staff from CF and CNTS. It is expected that thesecourses will be held on CNTS premises in Arzew. Some 140 trainee-years willbe provided with the assistance of 4 man-years in short term inputs. Thesecourses will primarily address the needs of technicians and higher technicians(90 percent) and will pay particular attention to the legal aspects of ANCactivity.

5. Refresher courses. Current staff will receive training to adaptto the evolving mission of ANC. These courses will primarily deal with thelegal aspects of cadastre establishment and with the use of moderntechnologies. during the project all technical staff will take a one-monthrefresher course, which represents 125 trainee-years. The initiation coursesetting will also be used for these courses.

6. Management trainino. The improvement plan of ANC's organizationwill generate training needs. Local agency managers will have to adapt togreater autonomy, and ANC management will have to improve its managementskills to carry out the ANC/DGDN performance plan. Some 120 trainee-weekswill provided with the assistance of 2 staff-months in short-term inputs.

7. New maRoino and data manaoement technicoues. Introduction of newtechniques will include training of operators. This training will be givenin situ, or in other cadastre or mapping agencies. It relates to GPS,stereoplotting, computer aided mapping, computerized data-base management, andmaintenance of software. This training will represent 24 trainee-months andwill require an assistance of 6 staff-months.

-44-

Annex 2Page 3 of 15

DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIACADASTRE PROJECT

STAFF APPRAISAL REPPlRT

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE NATIONAL CADASTRE AGENCY

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE PREPARATORY STUDY ANDIMPLEMENTATION OF A TRAINING PROGRAM

FOR THE NATIONAL CADASTRE AGENCY

A. BACKGROUND

1. The National Cadastre Agency (Aaence Nationale du Cadastre, ANC),established in 1989, is a public entity with about 1,800 staff members. Itsresponsibilities entail the establishment of cadastral maps and thepreparation of land titles for Algeria's urban land and part of itsagricultural land on the 34th parallel of latitude.

Cadastral Maps and Land Titles

2. ANC has set up cadastral maps for 2 percent of the agriculturalterritory and is rapidly expanding so that registration can be completedwithin the next 15 years. The Agency uses 1:5000 orthophoto plans prepared bythe National Cartography Institute (Institut National de Cartographie, INC)that are supplemented by ground surveys. In the urban area, the Agency'sproduction has not yet become very substantial, and will include 1:2,000,1:1,000 and 1:500 orthophoto plans as well as ground surveys, depending on thecomplexity of the plots. Completion of the urban cadastral cartography isexp,ected within the next 15 years.

3. ANC is also responsible for preparation of the documents requiredfor land titling, which are then transferred to the Land Registration Office(Conservation Fonci&re, CF) for registration of actual rights. This task hasrecently been broadened in order to avoid an overlap of work caused by surveysfor the preparation of cadastral maps and CF surveys for land titlepreparation. The data classified according to owners and users -- theregistration matrix -- has been partially computerized.

ANC Management

4. ANC was established after the dissolution of the CadastreDepartment of the Ministry of Economy. It inherited 48 local offices (one perwilaya), which have since become local cadastre agencies. These agenciescarry out programs for cadastral mapping, and their financial autonomy isbeing increased. Five regional agencies (Algiers, Bechar, Constantine, Oran,and Ouargla) coordinate the local ones and support them at the technicallevel. At present, the ANC is strengthening its management structures on thepersonnel, material, and financial level and carrying out an organizationalstudy.

- 45 -

Annex 2Page 4 .of 15

3. ANC'S GENERAL DIRECTION

5. ANC is strengthening its technical and human resources so that,within five years, it will reach a cadastral map production and land-titlingcycle consistent with the 15-year establishment plan. It is also modernizingtechnical procedures and increasing the autonomy and responsibilities of itslocal agencies.

Human Resources Growth

6. An increase in the production process requires the recruitment ofabout 500 more agents over the next five years. These agents should betrained in cadastral mapping and land registration techniques.

strengthening and Modernization of Technical Tools

7. Adequate strengthening and modernization of technical toolsbasically implies the systematic use of photogrammetry and development in theuse of graphic as well as alphanumeric software programs. The importance ofthe ANC photogrammetry program requires the Agency to use its own equipmentfor analytical restitution. Due to the specific nature of photogrammetry,operator training should be sought with the manufacturers first. The Agency'scomputer applications include topographic calculation software, computerizedaided design for the establishment of cadastral maps, and the computerizationof land titles. A study on the computerization master plan is being launchedat the same time as this study. Training to the use and maintenance ofcomputer tools is part of the general training program. The training programwill also include the training of CF agents for the use of data-basemanagement software, as a computerized land titles data base will become atool used by both the ANC and CF.

Expansion of ANC's Legal Role

8. The recent decision that ANC be responsible for the overall workimplemented prior to the land registration requires that the legalresponsibilities of its agents be strengthened through the secondment of stafffrom CF. Therefore, the general training program should take into account thedefinition and set up of such legal training.

Modernization of ANC's Management

9. ANC's management approach stems from the rapid increase in meansas well as goals in generalizing a cadastral maps and land titles within a 15-year period. The increasing autonomy granted to local agencies alsonecessitates the implementation of structure and management systems adjustedto the Agency's new tasks. Therefore, an organizational study has beenlaunched parallel to the present study. The general training program shouldintegrate the additional training needs generated by the new organization ofthe Agency.

- 46 -

Annex 2Page 5 of 15

C. OBJECT1VES AND CONSISTENCY OF TOE STUDY

10. The consultant shoulds (a) evaluate the training needs of theAgency; determine how these needs are presently satisfied, and assess thelocal training resources; (b) submit a training program comprising programdescription, annual staff requirements for each program, and methods as wellas their respective educational means; and (c) assist the Agency's trainingteam in implementing the training program. While providing this service, theconsultant should work in close cooperation with ANC's training staff andshould, as much as possible, call upon other training resources provided inAlgeria.

I. Diagnosis of Needs and Training Resources (20 percentl91)

11. Concerning staff development, the consultant should base thediagnosis on the Preparatory Report for the Cadastre Project Beture-Setame(October 1991) and the November 1991 Aide-Memoire of the World Bank mission.He should complete the following tasks:

- expand the analysis currently available for present staff ofANC and CF in terms of functions and training level;

- thoroughly define required responsibilities and trainingbased upon recruitment perspectives and the futureorganization of services;

* define the training time required for different areas inwhich agents could obtain administrative and technicalskills, including:

1. initial training and recruitment levels and criteriafor new staff;

2. present qualification levels for existing staff.

* define detailed training requirements for redeploymentresulting from technical development and newresponsibilities;

* set up an inventory for training needs of present staff; and

* evaluate current training resources (including numericalcapacity and appropriateness of instruction for trainingneeds) and locally available training resources (trainingorganizations, trainers, textbooks).

19/ This breakdown is an estimate of the portion of time that theselected consultant should spend on each of these tasks in orderto complete this study.

- 47 -

Annex 2Page 6 of 15

II. Establishment of a Training Program (40 percent)

12. Based upon the diagnosis approved by the ANC board, the consultantwill submit a training program that defines:

* initial training and retraining programs elaborating onareas of desired competence, length of courses andinternships, and necessary educational support;

* number and profile of trainers and the selection methods forANC staff responsible for training;

* trainers, training plan and program;

specialized training in computers and photogrammetry forworkshop chiefs and photogrammetry operators: program andmeans;

* general information program for staff concerninggovernmental development goals on general land information,and information program for notaries, private eurveyors, andjudges specializing in land-related cases.

13. The training program should also define institutions participatingin the training process, their role, and follow up and supervision of theiractivities. Such institutions could include the National Center for SpacialTechniques (CNTS) at Arzew as well as professional training centers.

14. The training program will comprise time tables of initial trainingand retraining programs for an overall program covering a five-year period andtheir respective annual budgets.

III. Implementation of the Training Program (40 percent)

15. Upon approval of the training program by the ANC board, theconsultant will assist the Agency's training team in implementing the trainingprogram, particularly for the establishment of agreements with participatingtraining institutions, the recruitment of outside trainera, and the draftingof educational documentation.

- 48 -

Annex 2Page of 7 of 15

1D. EXECUTION OF STUDY

Implementation Schedule

Part It one month upon notification

Analysis of results and orientationcarried out by ANC: one month

Part II: approximately two months, includingseveral missions to Algeria

Approval of training program by ANC: one month

Part III: eight one-week missions to Algeriaover a two-lear period.

Upon completion of Parts I and II, the consultant will submit a report to ANC.For Part III, a short report will also be submitted at the end of each missionto Algeria.

Required Profile

16. The consultant should have experience in training organization aswell as a sound knowledge of administrative and technical problems pertainingto cadastral mapping and land registration. The consultant should be fluentin French. He should also be familiar with carrying out missions at theinstitutional level.

E. SELECTION OF CONSULTANT

17. The consultant should define the work methods and required timeframefor implementation of the mission. The criteria for bid selection will be:

* professional references of the consulting firm with experiencein training in land registration (10 percent);

* relevance of proposed methodological approach in projectedschedule of interventions (40 percent);

* profile of experts knowledgeable in land registration(40 percent); and

* total cost of operation (10 percent).

The bidder will be required to provide references for each of these points.

_ 49 _

Annex 2Page 8 of 15

MASTER PLAN FOR COMPUTERIZATION OF THENATIONAL CADASTRE AGENCY

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR PREPARATORY STUDY

A. BACKGROUND

1. The National Cadastre Agency (Aaence Nationale du Cadastre, ANC),established in 1989, is a public entity with about 1,800 staff members. It isresponsible for the establishment of cadastral maps as well as for thepreparation of land titles for Algeria's urban land and part of its agriculturalland in the north of the 34th parallel of latitude.

Cadastral Maps and Land Titles

2. ANC has set up cadastral maps for 2 percent of the agriculturalterritory and is rapidly expanding so that registration can be completed withinthe next 15 years. The Agency uses 1:5000 orthophoto plans prepared by theNational Cartography Institute (Institut National de Cartographie, INC) that aresupplemented by ground surveys. In urban areas, the Agency's production has notyet become very significant, and include 1:2,000, 1:1,000 and 1:500 orthophotoplans as well as ground surveys, depending on the complexity of the plots. Thecompletion of urban cadastral maps is expected within the next 15 years.

3. ANC is also responsible for the preparation of documents required forland titling which are then transferred to the Land Registration Office Institute(Conservation Fonci re, CF) for registration of actual rights. This task hasrecently been broadened to avoid an overlap of work caused by surveys for thepreparation of cadastral maps and CF surveys for land title preparation. Thedata classified according to owners and users -- the registration matrix -- hasbeen partially computerized.

ANC Management

4. ANC was established following the dissolution of the CadastreDepartment of the Ministry of Economy. It inherited 48 offices (one per wilava)which have since become local cadastre agencies. These agencies carry out theprogram for the establishment of cadastral mapping; more financial autonomy isbeing granted to them. Five regional agencies (Algiers, Bechar, Constantine,Oran, and Ouargla) coordinate the local ones and support them at the technicallevel. At present, the ANC is strengthening its management structures at thepersonnel, material, and financial level and is carrying out an organizationalstudy.

- 50 -

Annex 2Page of 9 of 15

B. ANC'S GENERAL DIRECTION

5. ANC is strengthening its technical and human resources so that,within five years, it will have reached a cadastral map production and landtitling cycle consistent with the 15-year establishment plan. It is alsomodernizing technical procedures and increasing the autonomy and responsibilitiesof its local agencies.

Computerization of Management of Alphanumeric Data and Production of Plans

6. In terms of alphanumeric data, ANC plans to set up a data base forland titles to be used by ANC and CF, which will be responsible for itsmaintenance. In order to be of legal value, it should be sufficiently reliableand an accurate substitute for land titles. It will gradually be made accessibleto notaries and registered surveyors. The data base will be installed in eachwilaya.

7. Concerning the production of plans, ANC would like to graduallyinstall software for topographic calculations and the drawing of cadastral maps.This software should establish a direct link between restoration and preparationof orthophoto plans on one hand, and drawing on the other. At a later stage, itshould be able to define graphic objects (plots) and carry out indexation inorder to ensure linkage with land data bases. The software should thus be setup to allow for the use of cadastral maps as a basis for the creation of landinformation systems. ANC is currently purchasing 8 graphic work stations andsoftware for topographic calculations, computer aided design, and alphanumericdata base management.

Modernization of Management

8. ANC's orientation in management is a result of a rapid increase inthe agency's techniques and its mission to realize cadastral mapping and landtitling within a 15-year period. An increasing autonomy is allocated to localagencies, while a computerized management information system is being preparedthrough the above-mentioned organizational study. Therefore, the master planstudy does not aim to analyze information flow linked with agency management, butwill focus on the integration of management information systems with softwareconsistency and material used by the agency, as well as tools for computermaintenance.

Field and Nature of Study on Computerization Master Plan

9. The consultant will analyze the current information flow, procedures,software and hardware, human resources for the production of cadastral maps, andthe establishment of documentation linked with the preparation of land titles.He will examine ANC's direction in technical software and will, if necessary,submit recommendations for its enh&ncement. He will propose a computerizedmaster plan based upon technical scenarios, taking also into account the specificneeds in management tools. The consultant will also draft an implementationprogram as well as the required technical documents. His intervention willentail the following:

- 51 -

Annex 2Page 10 of 15

I. Analysis of Existing Tools and Diagnosis (10 percent2')

10. At the ANC and CF level, the consultant will collect data pertainingtot (i) needs, goals, and schedule; (ii) financial, material, and humanresources, and their foreseeable development; (iii) technical and administrativeprocedures; and (iv) situation of current hardware and software.

11. Based upon the above information, the consultant will evaluate thepresent situation, i.e.: (i) assess technical procedures (in terms of efficiency,reliability) while paying particular attention to interaction between ANC and CF;(ii) assess the technical organization and distribution of means betweenheadquarters, regional and local agencies; and (iii) assess software application(relevance, reliability, versatility, and portability).

II. Definition of a Kaster Plan and Technical Scenarios (40 percent)

12. The Master Plan will entail: (i) proposals to improve or simplifytechnical procedures; (ii) a definition of computerization goals and schedule;and (iii) a definition of standards for data format and interface. Based on theresults of the organizational study, the consultant will integrate themanagement's computer needs.

13. Based on the Master Plan and upon approval by the Agency, theconsultant will propose technical scenarios comprisingt (i) architecture,hardware, material and means; (ii) maintenance; and (iii) training. ANC willselect one option taking into account portability, maximum use of standardsoftware, reliability, data safety, absorption capacity of ANC and CF, and theconversion costs of existing systems.

7II. Preparation of Implementation Plan and Technical Documents (50 percent)

14. The implementation plan comprises: (i) definition of key actions,priorities, and implementation schedule; (ii) identification of structures andsupport systems (central, regional, or local services); (iii) identification ofnecessary resources (human, financial, etc.); (iv) preparation of a recruitmentand training program, and identification of technical assistance needs; and (v)elaboration of management and follow-up methods pertaining to the implementationof a new computerized system.

15. Based on the selected solution, the consultant will preparespecifications for the implementation of the new computerized system, technicalspecifications, and bidding documents.

20/ This breakdown is an estimate of the portion of time that theselected consultant should spend on each of these tasks in orderto complete this study.

- 52 -

Annex Page 11 of 15

Co. SCHDUL3 OF STUDY

Implementation Schedule

Part Xs two weeks upon notification

Analysis of results and orientationcarried out by ANC: one month

Part II: one month

Selection of strategy by ANC: one month

Part III: one month

Final approval by ANC: one month

Required Profile

16. The consultant should have experience in organization and management,as well as a sound knowledge of administrative and technical problem. pertainingto cadastral mapping and land registration. The consultant should be fluent inFrench. He should also be familiar with carrying out missions at theinstitutional level.

D. S3L3CTION OF CONSULTANT

17. The consultant should define the work methods and required timeframefor implementation of the mission.

The criteria for bid selection will be:

* professional reference. from the consulting firm withexperience in computerization in cadastral mapping and landregistration (10 percent);

* relevance of the proposed methodological approach in theprojected schedule of interventions (40 percent)y

* profile of experts (distinguishing between profiles oforganizers and computer experts) and CVs of other expertsknowledgeable in cadastral mapping and land registration isrequired (40 percent); and

* budgeted time, unit costs of different interventions, and thetotal cost of operations (10 percent).

The bidder will be required to provide references for each of above points.

- 53 -

Annex 2Page 12 of 15

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE IMPROVEMENT PLAN OF ANC'S ORGANIZATION

General Backaround and Goals

1. The Government of Algeria has launched the establishment of a generalcadastre (cadastral mapping and land titling) covering all useable land in thecountry. Considering the numerous issues which have to be addressed in theimplementation process of this ambitious task during the coming years, it wasdecided to establish a public administration authority (EPA). This authority wasentrusted with the set up of land registration procedures as well as with thepreparation of land titling. The National Cadastre Agency (Aaence Nationale duCadastre, ANC), was created in 1989 and can now evaluate its first year ofoperation.

2. The World Bank has appraised a project that supports the implementationof this program. In order to increase ANC's responsibilities in compliance withits mandate, it has been agreed to integrate the development of an improvementplan for ANC's organizational structure into this project. The present documentaims to: (a) support ANC in the introduction of institutional reforms(reorganization, development, and follow-up of management information systems);and (b) assist in the implementation of a new organizational structure in termsof the proposed systems.

Scoce of Works

Task 1: Analysis of the orcanization 15 Percent yrioritv21 /1

3. The consultant will analyze the present functioning of the ANCaccording to the following five criteria:

(a) Planning;(b) Organization;(c) Management approach;(d) Supervision; and(e) Assessment of results.

4. In addition to the analysis of the organizational structure,management information systems, supervision, planning, and follow-up of workprograms, the consultant also has to evaluate the functioning of regional andlocal agencies.

21/ This breakdown is an estimate of the portion of time that theselected consultant should spend on each of these tasks in orderto complete this study.

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Annex 2Page 13 of 15

5. Operational links between ANC headquarters and its regional and localagencies, their relations with tutelage, government, and the beneficiaries ofservices will also have to be evaluated.

6. An analysis should be carried out for those Land Conservation, (CF)responsibilities that were held by the Land Registration Office, ConservationFonci&re, (CF), and that must now be integrated with those of the ANC, in orderto aim at rationalization and avoid duplication, as well as reallocate certainhuman and material resources, if necessary.

7. For each of the above-mentioned paragraphs (3, 4, 5, and 6) thepotential bottlenecks must be identified and different solutions must beproposed, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.

Task 2: Imgrovement olan for the orcanization (55 percent Prioritv)

8. Based upon the afore-mentioned diagnosis, the consultant must submitan overall improvement plan for ANC operations. Without limiting the scope ofthe subjects to be covered, proposals for the following aspects should be made:organizational structure, administrative support logistics, and managementapproach.

9. Organizational structure. For each of the three levels of ANC(headquarters, region, wilava), an optimal structure and composition (number andnature) of staff must be proposed. For and within each department, division, andservice, functional and operational roles must be clearly identified.

10. A specific integration program for all new functions stemming fromCF must be prepared. The optimal implementation method and best use oftransferred or new staff must be outlined.

11. For the purposes of this study, the consultant should assume thatstaff requirements of ANC for compliance with its responsibilities concurs withthose projected in the BETURE-SETAME report, which was complemented and updatedby project appraisal documents in November 1991. The consultant should alsoassume that equipment and supplies required by operational ANC services areavailable in the quantity defined in above-mentioned documents.

12. Administrative support logistics. The consultant should list alladministrative tools necessary for ANC's smooth operation: inter alia,procedures manuals, management information and supervision systems,computerization, office space development. He should also include: anappropriate justification for each of these proposed tools, and thequantification of needs and, if necessary, applicable standards. This sectionshould complement relevant elements indicated in the above-mentioned documents.

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Annex 2Page of 14 of 15

13. To be more specific, the consultant should present a managementinformation system that allows for follow up on ANC program activities as wellas a management information reflecting all ANC operations. The system will allowANC to manage and follow up on the performance of its operations (at local,regional, and overall levels). It should establish performance indicators(defining quantity and cost data bases as well as calculation methods) so thatgeneral ANC performance can be evaluated (at any time of the year and withrespect to previous years) in terms of management efficiency and deficiency. Thecost-accounting system should comprise the following:

(a) Identification of cost centers (with corresponding servicecenters) and fixed, variable, direct, and indirect costelements;

(b) Definition of qualitative production and service data bases,and calculation methods for cost prices;

(c) Definition of means for data collection and processing(comprising an accounting plan and methods), work sheets, andperiodical reports for management and tutelage.

14. Managment approach. The consultant should develop a managementapproach as well as required implementation methods. This general managementframework should be centered around the three principal areas below and basedupon the aspect of quality, as follows:

(a) beneficiaries;

(b) staff and their capacity for achieving ANC results; and

(c) internal and external communications.

15. Strategic planning. The consultant also develops proposals forpotential elements of strategic planning for ANC, and possible short-, medium-,and long-term strategies. Strategies focus mainly on the role that ANC shouldplay with government agencies involved in the land registration process. Thelatter agencies constitute the basis for all land information systems.

16. Points of Interest. While developing proposals, the consultantshould take the following two prominent issues into account:

(a) Costs. In view of ANC's limited means, implementation costsfor the different proposals should be within budget.Proposals should be critical and contain a maximum ofcreativity; and

(b) simplicity. Since ANC is a young, developing institution, theproposed systems must be easy to implement.

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Annex 2Page 15 of 15

Tank 3s Schedule and Cost estimate 110 percent Drioritv)

17. The consultant should prepare a detailed schedule for proposalimplementation that describes each stage and, if necessary, each subsequentphase. He should also make a cost estimate (if necessary, including salaries,fees, and other components) for the implementation of each of these stages.

Task 4: Action Plan agreed with the State 130 Percent priority)

18. The consultant will prepare an Action Plan to be agreed with theState comprising:

(a) a triennial program for cadastre implementation, according todefined conditions of productivity; and

(b) a triennial financial commitment, based upon ANC production,to be modified according to a pre-determined productivitylevel.

19. This action plan should include suggested incentives for managers andstaff in order to enhance their productivity, as well as appropriate mechanismsto monitor program advancement and the realization of pre-determined productivitygoals. The consultant wilj. examine the feasibility of setting up a self-financing system for ANC which would allow for conservation of the present EPAstatus. The ANC income base will be composed of Government financing accordingto the action plan for implementation of a national land registration system.In addition, a tariff system will be established for all other services requiredby other private or public beneficiaries. The goal of the action plan is toallocate more autonomy and accountability to ANC within the governmentalstructure through an adequate status. The consultant should elaborate on thatstatus, taking account of the Algerian public administration system.

Methods and Schedule

23. The consultant will work in close collaboration with the agency,which will establish a follow-up working group. Results of the various stepswill be presented to, discussed with, and approved by that group. The focus ofeach phase will be based upon group review of previous activities. Uponcompletion of each task, the consultant will write a brief intermediary report.At the end of his assignment, he will issue a final report. However, theconsultant should note that the main results of his work will be the managementtools which he developed and put into place.

24. Implementation should take two weeks for task 1, four months for task2, one month for task 3, and two months for task 4. A one-month pause forevaluation will separate two consecutive tasks.

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Annex 3Page 1 of 2

DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIACADASTRE PROJECT

STAFP APPRAISAL REPORT

3. Cadastre Production costs

S. Rural Areas

Cadastral Mapoinna USs per ha

Aerial Photograph 1:20000 0.31Orthophotomap 1l5000 1 00

Ground survey USS per team*yearRecurrent costs per team*yearSalaries 22,600Materials 2,000operation and maintenance 2,900

Subtotal 27,500

Depreciation of Capital Cost ItemsBuilding 500Vehicle 2,000Topographic equipment 1,000

Subtotal 3,500

overhead 10% 3,100Total per team 34,100

Annual production per team 11,000 haTotal per ha 4.41

Parcel reaistration US$ per team*yearRecurrent costs per team*yearSalaries 6,000Materials 500Operation and maintenance 500

Subtotal 7,000

Depreciation of Capital Cost ItemsBuilding 500Equipment 200

Subtotal 700

overhead 10% 770

Total per team 8,470Annual production per team 1,000 parcelstotal per parcel 8 47

Number of parcels per ha 0.12 parcels/haTotal per ha 1.02Cadastral _oa + parcel adiudication IUSS oer Ra) 5.43

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Annex 3Page 2 of 2

II. Urban Areas

Cadastral Mavoina US$ per ha

Aerial Photograph 1:5,000 5.30Orthophotomap 1:1,000 25

Ground survey USs per team*year

Recurrent costs per team*yearSalaries 22,600Materials 2,000Operation and maintenance 2,900

Subtotal 27,500

Depreciation of Capital Cost ItemsBuilding 500Vehicle 2,000Topographic equipment 1,000

Subtotal 3,500

Overhead 10% 3,100Total per team 34,100

Annual production per team 300total per ha 144

Parcel reaistration USS per team*year

Racurrent costs per team*yearSalaries 6,000Materials 500Operation and maintenance 500

Subtotal 7,000

Depreciation of Capital Cost ItemsBuilding 500Equipment 200

Subtotal 700

Overhead 10% 770Total per team 8,470

Annual production per team 1,000 parcelstotal per parcel 8.47

Number of parcels per ha 20 parcels/ha

Total per ha 169cadastral mao + narcel adjudication (USS ger Hal 313

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DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIACADASTRE PROJECT

STAPF APPRAISAL REPORT

4. Performance Indicators and Annual Targets

These performance indicators comprises (a) production indicators; (b)productivity indicators; and (c) indicators dealing with th& implementation ofthe ANC strengthening program. Target values for these indicators will beincluded in the performance plans prepared annually by DODN and ANC. Theorganization and management study will result in an MIS that would enablemonitoring these indicators and complementing them wlth financial performanceindicators.

Production indicatorsProduction of rural cadastral maps (thousand hectares per annum);ProductLon of urban cadastral maps (thousand hectares per annum); andParcel adjudication (thousand parcels per annum)

Productivity indicatorsProduction per team (thousand hectares per team and per annum);Rural cadastral map; andUrban cadastral map

Parcel adjudication per officer (thousand parcels per officer and per annum)

implementation of the ANC strengthening programTraining provided to ANC staff (trainees per annum);Financial management staffing (cumulated number of accountants recruited);Completion of the organization and management, computerizatlon; andTraining master plan studies and implementation of the ManagementInformation System (MIS) of ANC.

Provisional annual targets 1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 l995/96

Rural cadastral mapsAnnual production 600 700 800 900Production per team 9 10 11 12

Urban cadastral mansAnaual production 3 8 11 14Production per team .25 .28 .3 .33

Parcel ad1udicationAnnual adjudication 1SO 200 300 350Adjudication per officer .8 .9 1 1.1

Trainina to ANC staff 250 350 350 350Financial manacement staffina 12 24 36 48Comgletion of studies *

Implementation of ANC's MIS * * *

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Annex 5

DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIACADASTRE PROJECT

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

5. Supervision Schedule

Prolect Year Date Duration Mission Comrosition Areas of Concentration(m/yr) (weeks)

1 09/92 2 Cadastral Specialist Loan effectiveness; review ofManagement SpetciaList Performance Plan; Training masterMapping Specialist plan preparation; Pilot zones

mapping; Computerization master planpreparation; procurement for aerialphotography, aerial photo airpLane,stereoplotters, field equipment;building construction studies.

1 12/92 1 Cadastral Specialist Organization and management study;Management Specialist Training master plan preparation;Training Specialist Computerization master plan

preparation.

i 03/93 2 CadastraL Specialist Computerization of Land titles and ofManagement Specialist map drawing; land informationComputer SpeciaList systems; performance pLan and

management information system;evaluation of pilot zone tests;review of PYZ work program.

2 07/93 1 Cadastral Specialist Aircraft and photogrammetry equipmentTraining Specialist procurement; building construction;Computer Specialist training; land policy studies.Agriculturalist

2 10/93 2 Cadastral Specialist Review of first performance planFinancial Analyst progress report and secondComputer Specialist performance plan preparation; review

of PY1 progress reports; landinformation systems; computerizationof tand titles and of map drawing;progress on building construction.

2 03/94 2 Cadastral Specialist Review of PY3 work program;Management Specialist procurement of field equipment,

workstations and photogrammetryequipment; management informationsystem.

3 09/94 1 Cadastral Specialist Review of PY2 and performance plan #2Financial Analyst progress reports; land information

systems.

3 03/95 2 Cadastral Specialist Review of PY4 work program;Training Specialist procurement of field equipment,Computer Specialist workstations and photograrmetry

equipment; land information systems.

4 09/95 1 Cadastral Specialist Review of PY3 and performance plan #2Financial nalyst progress reports; land informationEnvironment specialist systems.

4 03/96 2 Cadastral Specialist Preparation of completion and impactEconomist evaluation report

ALGERIA

CADASTPE PPOJECT

PPOJECT IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996l1213 41213 4123 412 3 41l23 4

aerial photography 1 z 2 I 1 2 Q 12 1aerial photography aircraft / =__ __77

photoprocessing equipmentphotogrammetry equipment 22zground survey equipfent r/ZrrGPS -177^ 2vehicles czzbasic computer equipment artZuorkstations -=rZcomputers for land registration M/ C2 FTbuilding construction

organization studycomputerization studytraining master plan m zaZ zza mTec. Ass. to DGDN iTraining /2/ / //////ZZ7/, 771111111111

E i preparation!ZZm implementation1/ Financed by the Government21 Financed by Bank Loan 3176-AL3/ first step: improvement of textbooks4/ second step: setup of specific curriculae

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Annex 7

7. Disbursement Schedule

DEMOCRATIC AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF ALGERIACADASTRE PROJECT

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

Dirbursgment Schedule

LOAN DISBURSEMENT SCHEDULE (USS MILLION)

Bank Fiscal Year 93 94 95 96 97 98s==u m= == === === ===

Annual 0.3 2.5 4.5 7.0 9.5 9.2

Cumulative 0.3 2.8 7.3 14.3 23.8 33.0

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Annex 8Page 1 of 2

8. Documents Available in the Proifct File

WORKING PAPERS

1. Etude relative a la mise en oeuvre du cadastre g6n6ral, Minist6re desFinances (April 1988).

2. Etude de preparation du Projet Cadastre - Rapport intermediaire,BETURE-SETAME (October-November 1990).

3. Etude de preparation du Projet Cadastre - Rapport final, BETURE-SETAME(October 1991).

4. Mission d'identification - aide m6moire, I8RD (December 1989).

5. Mission de pr6evaluation - aide m6moire, IBRD (July 1991).

6. Mission d'6valuation - aide m6moire, IBRD (November 1991).

7. Rapport our la mission d'6tude aupres des services du cadastre de cing(5) pays, ANC !December 1991).

LEGAL DOCUMENTS

8. Ordonnance 75-74 du 12 novembre 1975 portant 6tablissement du cadastreg6n6ral et institution du 'ivre foncier.

9. D6crets 76-62 et 76-63 du 25 mars 1976 relatifs a l'etablissement ducadastre general et a l'institution du livre foncier.

10. Loi 87-19 du 8 d6cembre 1987 determinant le mode d'exploitation desterres agricoles du foncier national et fixant les droits et obligationsdes producteurs.

11. Constitution de la R5publique Algerienne D6mocratique et Populaire du 23f6vrier 1989.

12. D6cret executif 89-234 du 19 decembre 1989 portant creation de l'AgenceNational du Cadastre.

13. Loi 90-25 du 18 novembre 1990 portant orientation fonciere.

14. Loi 90-29 du ler decembre 1990 relative a l'amenagement et l'urbanisme.

15. Loi 91-10 du 27 avril 1991 relative aux biens Wakfa.

16. Loi 91-11 du 27 avril 1991 fixant lea rigles relatives a l'expropriationpour cauce d'utilit6 publique.

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Annex 8Page 2 of 2

17. D6cret ex6cutif 92-63 du 12 f6vrier 1992 modifiant et completant led6cret ex6cutif 89-234 du 19 d6cembre 1989 portant cr6ation de l'AgenceNational du Cadastre.

18. D6ecret executif 92-134 du 7 avril 1992 modifiant et completant le d6cret76-62 du 25 mars 1976, modifi6 et compl6t6, relatif a l'6tablissement ducadastre g6neral et a l'institution du livre foncier.

I ~Al GERIA Me 9 !raon JeaA L G E R I A M ~~e i f a r r a n e a n i CADASTRE PROJECT

REGIONAL OFFICES / HEADQUARTERSOF NATIONAL CADASTRE AGENCY

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