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PROGRESS REPORT
MID TERM REVIEW - PHASE II
Orissa Tribal Empowerment ANDLivelihoods Programme (OTELP)
CONTENT
Sl. No. Particulars Pages1. Background 1
2. The Programme area and coverage 4
2.1 Institution Building 6
3. Capacity Building for Empowerment 9
3.1 Community Empowerment & Management 9
3.2 Skill Development of Beneficiaries 12
3.3 Capacity Building of Support Agencies 13
3.4 Gender Mainstreaming 24
4. Livelihoods Enhancement 25
4.1 Land & Water Management 25
4.2 Participatory Forest Management 33
4.3 Production System Enhancement 34
4.4 Rural Financial Services 47
5. Community Infrastructure and Development Initiatives Fund 55
5.1 Total Sanitation in the Programme Villages 58
5.2 Solar Electrification Workshop 59
6. Support for Policy Initiatives 60
6.1 Opertionalisation of 10 to 30 degree slope survey and 62settlement: a historic transaction
6.2 Focused Intervention for Land to Landless 64
6.3 Special interventions for PTGs 64
7. Food Handling 66
8. Programme Management 68
8.1 Monitoring & Evaluation 68
8.2 Web Based M&E Software 71
8.3 Implementation of RIMS Impact Survey 71
8.4 Revision of Programme Logframe 72
8.5 Impact Assessment 72
8.6 Financial Management 73
8.7 Year wise Financial Progress 75
8.8 Financial Progress by Components 76
Pa
ge1
1. Background
The Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Livelihoods Programme (OTELP) is being implemented by
the Scheduled Tribe & Scheduled Caste Development Department of Govt. of Orissa with financial
assistance from the DFID, IFAD and the WFP. The programme aims to ensure that livelihoods and
food security of poor tribal household are sustainably improved through promoting a more efficient equitable self
managed and sustainable exploitation of the Natural Resources at their disposal and through off farm/non-farm
enterprise development.
To achieve the goal the Programme sets the objectives to:
• build the capacity of marginal groups as individual and grass root institution.
• enhance the access of poor tribal people to land water and forest and increase the
productivity of these resources in environmentally sustainable and socially equitable
ways;
• encourage and facilitate off-farm enterprise development focused on the needs of poor
tribal households;
• monitor the basic food entitlements of tribal households and ensure their access to
public food supplies;
• strengthen the institutional capacity of government agencies, Panchayati Raj Institutions,
NGOs and civil society to work effectively on a participatory mode for poverty
reduction with tribal communities;
• encourage the development of a pro-tribal enabling environment through ensuring that
legislation governing control of and access to, development resources by poor tribal
households is implemented effectively and recommending other policy improvements;
and
• build on the indigenous knowledge and values of tribal and blend these with
technological innovations to ensure a speedier pace of development.
The programme is being implemented in 3 phases. The Phase I of the programme was completed in
2007 .The implementation of Phase II was started from 2008 based on the recommendations of the
Phase I Mid Term Review Mission conducted during September, 2006. For the both the phases,
Hon’ble Chief Minister of Orissa Sri Naveen Pattnaik lunched the programme on 2nd October 2004
and 27th March 2007 respectively.
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The programme covers 30 blocks in 7 Southern west districts of Orissa, in a phased manner. The
Phase I implementation covers ten tribal blocks of four districts namely Kalahandi, Koraput,
Kandhamal and Gajapati commenced since October 2004 and Phase II has covered rest 20 blocks
including the above districts and other three districts viz. Rayagada, Malakanagiri & Nawrangpur.
The programme has adopted strategic partnership with the village organizations constituted by the
primary stakeholders for implementation of programme activities and with Non Govt.
Organizations for providing facilitation and capacity Building inputs to the primary stakeholders and
Village communities. Govt. plays a supportive role in strengthening the community institutions and
NGOs for smooth implementation of the programme.
The programme adopts an integrated micro watershed management approach covering a cluster of
10 to 12 micro watersheds situated contagiously with an approximate area of 500 ha per micro
watershed. It is also taken care during the selection of the micro watersheds that the boundary of
one set of 10-12 micro watersheds are coterminous with the Gram Panchayat. The programme has
adopted a seven year project cycle management which is further divided into three distinct phases.
The initial two years are called probation phase, next three years are called main implementation
phase and the last two years of the programme is called consolidation phase/ withdrawal phase.
Probation Phase Main Implementation Phase Consolidation Phase
Initial Two Years Middle Three years Last Two Years
• Organization of Communities
• Institution Building and establishment of participatory processes
• Participatory Planning • Capacity Building for implementation and record keeping
• Execution of the village development plan
• Natural Resource Management and Livelihoods Interventions
• Skill Up-gradation Training • Demonstrations, Exposures • Credit Linkage, Micro Enterprise
• Gradual Withdrawal of project
• Implementation of Sustainability Strategy
• Capacity Building for management of community assets
• Management of village development fund
• Convergence
The programme thrusts upon the development of livelihoods of the poor tribal people based on
their natural resource and skill base. The livelihood profile of the poor communities in the
programme areas covers different activities; like wage employment, Agriculture, Sale of Forest
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Produces, Migration etc. and the intensity of dependence on the above are different based on the
family economic status. However the programme constantly tries to improve each section of the
livelihood option of the poor by creating maximum opportunities for wage employment for the
poor people, where the people get direct cash and grain income from the wage employment and vis-
à-vis created community assets for conservation and development of Natural Resources. The food
security, which used to be for about 4 to 6 months per year has improved due to direct
intervention in creating wage employment opportunities and providing food for grains as part of
the wage, which directly impacts the food availability at the household level. Besides, efforts have
been made for improving the production system at the village level in promoting sustainable
agriculture, trying out innovations in Aquaculture, and improving the quality of life through
community infrastructure and development initiatives.
The programme has so far completed about 5½ years
of implementation in Phase I programme areas
covering 390 villages in 10 programme blocks. The
Phase II operation has started in a phased manner i.e
the Phase-II blocks of Phase-I district were taken up
during January 2008 and those of Phase-II district
were taken up during January 2009, as per the recommendation of Phase I Mid Term Review
(MTR). This was followed by the process of selecting the FNGOs for new blocks in both Phase-I &
II districts. A total of 22 new FNGOs have been selected and contracted for implementation of the
programme in the new blocks1 of both Phase-I & II districts.
1 The Th. Rampur and Lanjigarh block of Kalahandi district has been included in Phase II implementation as there were no additional blocks of the district under the programme in Phase II and as there are many watersheds still uncovered by any of the development programme, the SLPMC decided to include both the blocks agains in Phase II operation.
Phase Duration Closing Date
Phase I Three Years March, 2007
Phase II Four Years March, 2011
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2. The Programme area and coverage
The programme is being implemented in 30 backward blocks of seven districts of south west Orissa
namely Koraput, Kalahandi, Gajapati, Kandhamal, Malkanagiri, Nawrangpur and Rayagada. This
implementation programme has been made in a phased manner. 10 blocks in 4 districts have been
taken up in Phase I, covering 19481 households in 390 villages in Koraput, Kalahandi, Gajapati and
Kandhamal districts. From January 2008, Phase II operations have started in additional 9 blocks of
the above districts along with additional micro watershed in the Phase I blocks of Kalahandi district.
The total coverage in Phase-II areas of above districts are 9 Blocks covering 15129 Households
living in 328 villages. The Phase-II operation in new districts namely Nawrangpur, Malkanagiri and
Rayagada started from January 2009 in 11 Blocks covering 21570 Households in 316 villages. The
details of the targeted beneficiaries of the programme and coverage for both the phases are
presented in the table below.
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Particulars Phase I (2004-
2007)
Phase II (2008- 2011) Total
Districts covered Koraput, Gajapati,
Kalahandi,
Kandhamal
Koraput, Gajapati,
Kalahandi,
Kandhamal
Nawrangpur,
Malkanagiri,
Rayagada
7
Blocks covered 10 9 11 30
No. of FNGOs 12 11 11 34
No of Micro-
watershed
135 113 110 358
No of Villages 390 328 316 1034
Treatable area (in ha) 63219.43 55904.53 56244.32 175368.28
Total households 19481 15129 21570 56180
ST Households 16301 10438 15462 42201
% of ST HH 83.68 68.99 71.68 79.94
SC Households 2360 2276 3433 8069
% of SC HH 12.11 15.04 15.92 15.28
BPL Households 16277 10314 12883 39474
% of BPL HH 83.55 68.17 59.73 74.77
Landless Households 4990 2935 4470 12395
% of LL HH 25.61 19.40 20.72 23.48
Vulnerable/ destitute
Households
3101 1546 1474 6121
% of VL/D HH 15.92 10.22 6.83 11.59
Total male 43570 33881 50528 127979
Total female 44104 34436 49142 127682
ST male 36443 23341 35382 95166
ST female 37124 23763 34434 95321
SC male 5037 5488 8576 19101
SC female 4921 5231 7910 18062
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
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The targeted beneficiaries of the programme in programme villages constitute about 80% of the
Schedule Tribe and 15% of Schedule Caste households. About 75% of the targeted households live
Below Poverty Line (BPL). 12395 Households, which is about 24% of the total households, are
absolute landless household who doesn’t have any land for agriculture or homestead. If we analyse
the legal landless2 position, it would be more than 85% of the total household. The programme
covers 127979 male and 127682 female beneficiaries. As per the Well Being Ranking (WBR)
conducted during the planning phase, there are about 12% of the total households which are either
vulnerable or destitute households. Most of these households are women headed, widow and
persons with old age or disability. As the programme adopts the complete inclusion strategy ,the
total population of the villages has been included for the proposed intervention.
2.1 Institution Building
The programme adopts a public private -community partnership approach in implementation of the
programme. In this PPCP mode, government has taken the role of providing technical assistance
and support, where the NGOs plays the role of facilitator to the community in capacitating them for
planning, implementation, monitoring and governance. Community being the primary stakeholders
(beneficiary) of the programme, plays the role of implementer by directly executing the programme
activities through various community based organizations like Self Help Group (SHG), User Group
(UG) and Common Interest Group (CIG).
2 Legal Landless: A family with ownership over less than one standard acre of land as per OLR Act.
Stake Holders Role & Responsibilities
Government Technical Assistance and Support
NGO Facilitation for planning, technology transfer, capacity
building, handholding support for implementation.
Community Planning, implementation, monitoring & evaluation,
governance, documentation.
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Micro watershed
development approach as the
basis for development of
livelihood has been adopted
as the framework of
implementation. With the
overall institutional
modalities prescribed by the
MoRD, GoI, the guideline
and design of the
programme, Village
Development Associations
(VDA) have been organized
by taking all the adult
members of the villages
within the micro watershed
and registered under the societies act 1860. Village Development Committees (VDC) as executive
body of the VDA, are constituted, comprising the representatives from all the villages within the
micro watershed. Those representatives of the VDCs are either selected or elected from existing
village based organizations such as Self Help Group (SHG), User Group (UG), Traditional
Institutions etc. The VDC comprises of about 15 to 20 members out of which about 50% are
women. The VDC has the President and Secretary as office bearers to look into the day to day affair
regarding implementation of the programme, accounts keeping etc. The VDC has engaged five
young village volunteers from the community as community resource person in five critical areas
such as Agriculture, Livestock, Land & Water, Book Keeping and Social Mobilization to support the
implementation of programme activities. These village volunteers are trained in their respective
subject areas to provide support services to the primary stake holders. Besides the VDC, in each
village the Village Level Sub Committee (VLSC) has been formed as a sister organization of the
VDC. The responsibilities of the VLSCs are to plan and implement the programme activities in their
respective villages. Palli Sabha being the authorized village institution has been adopted under the
programme to undertake the social and financial audit of the programme implementation. Thus, the
Village Level Social and Financial Audit Sub Committee are constituted at the village level which is
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coterminous with the Palli Sabhas of the villages. The programme promotes the monthly meeting of
the Palli Sabha (VSFASC) in each village
to undertake the social and
financial audit for the
respective month, where the
VLSC leaders present the
detail progress of the work
and expenditures incurred
during the month for
approval of the above
committee. The voucher
based monitoring system3 as
a monitoring tool at the
VLSC level enables the
VLSC to summarize the
monthly programme
expenditure in a standardized
format for taking approval of
the expenditures from the
Village Social and Financial
Audit Sub Committee. Each
VLSFASC meets in a fixed
date in each month and review the physical progress made on the activities being implemented in
the village and approves the expenditure made during the month.
3 Voucher based monitoring system is a monitoring tool being used since June 2007 and adopted by the programme. This supports the VLSC and VDCs to prepare their monthly expenditures based on the paid vouchers and report to the ITDA. This expenditure statement by the VDC is being adopted as statement of expenditure. This has not only simplified the financial documentation but also improved the self governance and transparency of financial transactions at the community level.
Phase-II Parameters Phase-I
Phase-
I Dist
Phase-II
Dist
No. of VDCs formed and
Registered
135 113 110
No. of VLSCs formed 390 328 266
No. of Village Level Social
&Financial Audit Sub
Committee formed
390 328 281
% of Women Members in the
VDCs
50.13 52.39 50.28
% of ST Members in the VDCs 85.57 88.81 80.46
% of Landless Members in the
VDCs
16.33 13.32 19.26
Average attendance in the
meetings Men
62.18 84.30 81
Average attendance in the
meetings Women
58.08 84.83 72
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
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3. Capacity Building for Empowerment
Thrust of the programme is to build the capacity of the primary stakeholders, who are primarily
responsible for planning and execution of work under the programme. About 85% of total budget
of the programme is under the work component, which is transferred to grass-root level institutes to
execute the planned activities. The staffs of FNGO and ITDA play a supportive role to facilitate the
communities to ensure timely implementation of the programme.
Experiences and lessons gathered during implementation of programme in Phase I villages, has
broadened the understanding of the facilitators to adopt a strategic approach under Capacity
Building component of the programme. The Capacity Building Strategy document prepared with the
assistance of external consultant underlines the strength of the CBOs and village level volunteers,
who are the key factors for successful implementation of OTELP. The Process Guideline prepared
under the programme also stipulates dedicated phase of 2 years for Community Mobilisation for
effective grounding of the programme. Adequate Community Mobilisation programme / events,
formation / strengthening of existing institutions are the focused interventions during the probation
phase. Based on the feedback of MTR and subsequent Joint Review Missions, the PSU in
consultation with field level staff has standardized the Community Mobilization framework covering
activities such as theme based street play, video show, sensitization workshop, health camp, animal
health camp, wall writing, observation of important days, high lighting the issues of community
based development etc. to ensure community participation in implementation of programme.
Number of trainings on institution building, participatory development processes, leadership,
conflict management, issues relating to equity and gender mainstreaming, book keeping and
accounts management, convergence, collective marketing etc.are also covered in the package of
Community Empowerment and Management.
The sequential steps followed in grounding the programme and to enable the community level
organisations to take lead to implement the programme are as below:
3.1 Community Empowerment & Management
The inputs under Community Empowerment and Management have been identified as most
significant contribution to ensure community participation in development process. The success of
the OTELP entirely depends upon the knowledge, skill, abilities etc of the members of the
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communities and their ownership in effective implementation of programme. High level of
motivation and commitment of the community members for effective programme implementation
has been developed during the initial phases of programme implementation by organising different
sensitisation camps, trainings, exposure visits and through interaction with other communities, who
has practiced the same earlier. Varied inputs on institution building, good governance, participatory
processes, Community Property Resource Management, Tribal rights issues, Convergence etc. are
also ensured during the initial phases of programme implementation to ensure quality participation
with empowered responsibilities.
Based upon experiences and lessons learnt during implementation of programme in Phase I
programme villages, OTELP has formulated a standardized Community Mobilization framework.
The major interventions taken up under the Community Empowerment and Management are as
below.
3.1.1 Entry Point Activity:
To gain the confidence of the people and to establish the
credibility of the programme in the initial days of
programme implementation, small works such as
renovation of tube well platform, excavation of Chuan for
drinking water, smokeless stove, Solar lantern, sitting
platform, small meeting hall etc. which are immediate
concern for the communities, have been constructed. Rupees 50,000/- (approx.) has been
earmarked under EPA for each MWS. It is proposed that small work, as per request of the villagers
should be taken up in each programme village of the respective MWS. These activities are scheduled
to be completed during first six months of programme implementation.
Phase No. of EPA completed
Total Expenses (in Rs. Lakhs
Phase I 306 50.52
Phase II 975 108.91
Total 1281 159.43
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
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3.1.2 Community Mobilisation & Empowerment:
Series of community mobilization activities have been taken up in the programme villages to
sensitize the communities on various development issues including the different schemes/
provisions of Govt. and other
non govt. organizations.
Villagers have been oriented on
the expected benefit of the
programme and the modalities
for programme implementation
through meetings, sensitization
camps, cultural shows, wall
writing, hoardings etc.
Training programmes on tribal
rights were organized to
sensitize them on their
responsibilities to avail the
entitled benefits. Similarly, series
of human health camps,
veterinary camps etc. have been organized. Strengthening of existing SHGs and formation of new
SHGs with the left over households was prioritized with campaign mode. Community members
were facilitated to draw up the village development and livelihoods plan. Training/ sensitization
meetings on land right issues (OPLE, OGLS, FRA, Vasundhara etc.) have been organized for all the
programme villages. Villagers are also mobilized on the advantages of convergence with the PRIs to
ensure continued support from different schemes. Need based exposure visits have been organized
at different places for comprehensive understanding. The details of the training programmes and
other events conducted for during the period are presented in the above table.
Cumulative training/ events organized
Activities
Pre MTR-I
Post MTR-I
Total
Community Mobilization Camps (Health Camp/ Awareness Camp/ Animal Health Camp/ Video Shows/ Cultural Programmes/ wall writing etc.
522 2839 3361
Training Programme for SHGs (Leadership, Group Dynamics, Accounts, organizational Management etc
573 2573 3146
Training Programme VDCs/ VLSC/ UG (Leadership, Accounts, organizational management, Tribal Rights, Convergence etc.)
606 2931 3537
Total 1701 8343 10044
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3.2 Skill Development of Beneficiaries
Capacity buildings
inputs under this sub-
component include
trainings, exposures,
demonstration etc. to
upgrade the skills of
beneficiaries (primary
stakeholders) for
execution of different
activities under the
production
enhancement
components (L&W,
Agri, Horti, Pisci-
culture, PFM, CIF etc.) and income generating activities (RFS) etc. Skill based trainings, exposures,
demonstrations etc. are being designed based on the activity plan proposed by the communities
under Annual Work Plan and Budget. Capacity Building inputs under this component will be mostly
covered during implementation phase (3-5 yrs) of programme cycle. Different resource institutes /
Cumulative Training & Exposures
Activities
Pre MTR-I
Post MTR-I
Total
Training and exposure on low cost measures under Land & Water Management
29 595 624
Training and exposure on improved practices of Agri / Horti / PFM
52 844 896
Training and exposure on improved rearing practices for Livestock & Aquaculture Development
18 508 526
Training and exposure on preparation of business plan and implementation of Non Farm Activities Development
58 775 833
Skill Development Vocational Training to Youth
0 209 209
Total 157 2931 3088
Tribal Women from the Programme Villages trained on bamboo crafts are exhibiting in Adivasi Mela, 2010
Village Volunteers undergoing hands on training on INRM in Kalahandi district.
Page | 13
organizations and resource persons have been contracted / tied up to take up capacity building
activities under different thematic areas as identified jointly by the staff from ITDA and FNGOs.
The Resource Centers like Soil Conservation Training Institute, Govt. of Orissa, Central Soil and
Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, ICAR, Semiliguda, Regional Research
Technology Transfer Station, (RRTTS), OUAT, Semiliguda, Koraput, Krushi Vigyan Kendras,
OUAT, Community Level Resource Centers (OWDM) and other private owned training institutes
were tied up with OTELP programme districts. Besides, Resource Persons from local NGOs and
line department has been augmented regularly. The various training programme conducted pre and
post MTR I duration are presented in the above table.
3.3 Capacity Building of Support Agencies
The programme extended
to new blocks in 4 phase I
districts and 3 new districts
from 2008 in a staggered
manner. The staffs of newly
engaged FNGOs were
trained in their subject
matter as well as on the
programme perspective,
participatory development
etc. in batches to
understand the concept of
the programme, its implementation processes, objectives and expected outcomes. The subject
matter trainings are focused on the current development and practices under the subject and low
cost technologies and methodologies.
Similarly, programme has added new staff to its implementation process during the expansion. The
PSU took a strategic decision to keep mixed staff in each district to ensure quick start up in the new
districts. This has also resulted in quick understanding of the programme and its implementation
process by the newly engaged staff. Besides, a series of induction training programmes are
Cumulative training &
Exposures / person
trained
Activities
Pre
MTR-I
Post
MTR-I
Tota
l
No. of Trainings on Skill Development for FNGO staff
34 128 162
No. of training on Community Mobilization and Empowerment & SHGs for FNGO Staff
22 93 115
Training for line Dept. Staffs/ Support Organizations
10 22 32
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conducted to sensitize the programme perspective, highlighting the component and sub component
of OTELP. These trainings are mostly organised by PSU.
Exposure of the newly engaged staff of ITDA and FNGO were organised to WOTR, MANAGE,
ICRISAT, MYRADA, WASSAN, BAIF and other Grassroots Institutes etc. for different thematic
aspects of programme components. They were also exposed to old programme villages to
understand the modalities of community driven implementation of the programme. Technical
support was augmented by PSU to take up training programme on Communication, Micro Level
Planning, Gender Mainstreaming, Knowledge Management etc for the staff of ITDAs and FNGOs.
Besides trainings and exposures for staff from old district also organized. The details of training
organised are given in the above table.
3.3.1 Details of Trainings and Workshops organized by PSU:
The PSU has also organised training programmes on various technical subjects, policy issues as well
has also facilitated the district team to organise similar training programmes. Training on FRA to the
staff of FNGO and other village volunteers were imparted by PA, ITDA/ Sub Collectors in their
respective block headquarter. The trainees, in turn took up sensitization training on FRA act at the
community level with the facilitation support of FNGOs associated in implementation of OTELP.
Village Volunteers exposed to advanced technology
on agriculture in CHES (ICAR Institution) at
Bhubaneswar
State Level Workshop on preparedness planning
for the impact of Climate Change in Livelihoods
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Further, the support of Technical Expert has been rendered to the ITDAs with the financial
assistance from ICRISAT to
provide day to day hand
holding support on
agricultural development.
PSU has developed different
module and manuals on
Book Keeping for SHGs,
Gender, Communication,
MLP, Land & Water
Management etc with the
support of PST. The details
of the training organised by
the PSU are presented in the
adjoining table.
Specialized training
programmes for programme
staff ,FNGOs, ITDAs and
Community level Volunteers
were organized on various
aspects of improved
agriculture as follows:
• Improved Agro Techniques on Tuber crops at Regional Centre, CTCRI (ICAR),
Bhubaneswar.
• Improved Agro techniques in cultivation of Maize, Raagi, Lesser Millets, Turmeric, Ginger,
Off Season Tomato, Bean, Cashew crop at OUAT, Bhubaneswar.
Training Programme for WDTs and SMSs ITDA
No of trainings organized
Induction Training Programme for ITDA / WDTs
4
Training on Communication and issues relating to Convergence
3
Training on Micro level planning 3
Training on Gender Mainstreaming 5
Training on Participatory Monitoring 2
Training on Log frame revision 2
Training on farm Management at MANAGE, Hyderabad
1
Training on Watershed Management at WOTR 1
Training on Documentation & Communication 1
Training on Agriculture / Horticulture 3
Training on Collective Marketing 8
Training on Specialised Agriculture, Horticulture
8
Training on Soil & water Conservation, Agro-forestry, Watershed Management
1
Workshop on Finalisation of Impact Assessment Report
1
Workshop on final dissemination of Impact Assessment and Exit Strategy report
1
Training on Integrated NRM 1
Training on GIS Application 1
Exit Strategy implementation plan workshop 1
Climate Change Workshop 1
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Page | 16
• Production Technology in SRI & Improved Agriculture Techniques of Rice in Rainfed
Situation at CRRI (ICAR), Cuttack.
• Improved Agro
techniques in cultivation
of Mango, Banana &
Papeya and production
of quality planting
materials at Central
Horticulture Experiment
Station (ICAR),
Bhubaneswar.
Besides, the PSU had organized
one international exposure visit
to Philipines on sloping
agriculture land technology
(SALT) with a special focus on
stabilization of shifting
cultivation. The Programme Director along with three other staff from PSU and ITDA visited
Philippines and in association with ICRAF understand the concept as well as practices to replicate
it in the programme areas of OTELP. After their return, the FNGO Representatives of Phase I
programme areas were also oriented by them at PSU.
3.3.2 Skill Development Training for Rural and Landless Youth in OTELP, Orissa, India
The Orissa Tribal Empowerment & Livelihoods Programme (OTELP) works with 56,180
households having a population of 255,660 .. More than 95% of these families are schedule tribes
and schedule caste and 80% of them live below poverty line. About 40% of the population are youth
(age group between 15 to 35 years) who are either employed in the agriculture during the season or
works as casual labour in the unorganised sector locally. Non availability of skill and relevant
information on employment makes this productive age group unemployed or underemployed. With
subsistence income from agriculture from their degraded land and marginal farming, produces from
forest and occasional income from wage engagement are the means of living for most of these
Training Module Developed by PSU
1 Land and Water Management Manual (English and Oriya)
2 Agriculture
3 Horticulture (Part I and II)
4 Livestock
5 Gender Mainstreaming (Flip Chart and Calendar)
6 SHG Record Keeping (English & Oriya)
7 Micro Level Planning (Preparation of VDLP)
8 Learning Experience from Agriculture and Horticulture Development
9 Financial Management
10 Collective Marketing (Book and Flip Chart)
Page | 17
families. As much as 28% of these families don’t own a piece of land, either for homestead or for
agriculture. The government defines landless as a family without having one standard acre of
agriculture land. In recent years, some
of these families have been settled in
forest land (which they were cultivating)
under the Forest Rights Act 2006.
The programme has a sub component
of skill up-gradation of the primary
stakeholders, particularly targeting the
youth (15-35 years) to create human
resource for the future. Advance
agricultural trainings have been provided
in order to attract the youth in farming
and to demonstrate that farming could
be profitable. As everywhere else, the rural youth from Orissa, particularly those who come out of
high schools are no longer attracted to farming.
The strategy has been further concentrated for the youths from the landless families to provide them
skill development trainings on various trades like Masonry, Bamboo Craft Making, Plumbing,
Welding, Carpentry, Candle Making, Tailoring etc. Many of these youths are now gainfully self-
employed locally and in some nearby townships. The details of the training programmes conducted
for the rural youth and landless youth are given in the following table (2006-2010). During the
coming years, OTELP is also planning to introduce training in driving, motor & 2-wheelers
repairing for boys and food processing for girls. Suitable institutes are being identified for this
purpose.
Tribal Youths participated in the National Youth Festival during January, 2010
Page | 18
3.3.3 No of total rural youth and landless youth trained by OTELP over the period 2006-2010 in various skill development activities
No. of total rural youth given training
No. of Landless youth given training
Sl No Trade
Men Women Men Women
1 Advanced Commercial Agriculture 1744 955 0 0
2 Grafting and Nursery Management 1825 983 584 315
3 Livestock Para-vet Support Services 306 73 306 73
4 Barefoot Engineering for Land & Water Management
403 149 101 37
5 Livestock based farm models 809 1296 453 726
6 Micro Enterprise/ Business Development
1269 1691 444 998
7 Masonry 458 180 229 90
8 Seed Production and Storage 40 29 0 0
9 Vermi Compost 232 160 0 0
10 Hill Broom Binding 22 62 6 16
11 Mushroom Cultivation 75 182 0 0
12 NTFP Processing and Value Addition 269 869 54 435
13 Bee Keeping 239 454 143 272
14 Bamboo Craft 75 56 75 56
15 Construction of Smokeless Stove 40 141 40 141
16 Tailoring 0 42 0 42
17 Solar Light Assembling & repairing 0 26 0 26
18 Candle Making 0 40 0 40
19 Leaf Plate Making 38 376 38 376
20 Welding 10 0 10 0
21 Carpentry 36 0 36 0
22 Plumbing 55 0 55 0
TOTAL 7945 7764 2574 3643
3.3.4 The initiatives taken up under the TA facility of DFID are as below.
Theme Head Agency Progress
Capacity Building Stragety
Independent Consultant “Sound Steps”: CB Strategy prepared and published
“Women’s place is everywhere”: Gender Strategy prepared
Gender Guideline for OTELP developed
Gender Mainstreaming
Independent Consultant, PRIA, New Delhi
State level training programme conducted covering all project staff at ITDA and
Page | 19
PSU
District level sensitization training organized for staff of FNGO 161 (7 from each FNGO area) Trainers promoted
IEC on Gender prepared and used
ESSN Management Financial Management support to FNGO and Community Organizations
Chand & Co Pvt. Ltd 23 Financial Support Assistants positioned
Finance Management
Continuous CB inputs through FSAs
Preparation and Publication of IEC materials
One News Letter in English and Oriya
Communication & Documentation
New Concept Pvt. Ltd
Communication strategy implementation
Revision of OTELP Log Frame
SAMBODHI Logframe revised in two consultative workshop at PSU involving PSU, ITDA and FNGOs.
Module and Communication material prepared on Book keeping and account
Module and Communication material prepared on SHG promotion and
Entrepreneurship development.
Rural Financial Services
ACCESS SERVICE
ToT on above modules completed.
Preparation of the Exit (Sustainability) Strategy completed
Presentation of findings at the State level workshop
Study on Exit Strategy WASSAN, Hyderabad
Under implementation in Phase I areas
Study completed and report published Study on Impact Assessment
SAMBODHI
Shared to all the stakeholders
MLP Training OPSL, Bhubaneswar Training to the WDT of Phase II FNGOs for preparation of VDLP completed.
Training on Communication & Convergence
ANNESWANA Training programme for WDT and ITDA level programme staff have been completed.
Printing of Booklet on Experience on Agriculture/ Horti Interventions
Completed
Page | 20
Printing of SHG Register & individual Pass Book Completed
Translation of Strategy Documents and other publications
Completed
Visit to tribal member from programme villages to attend a International Seminar in New Delhi
Completed
Exposure Visit to WoTR
WOTR Exposure visit organized for programme staff and FNGO staff
Printing of Manual under Land & Water Management
OPSL Completed
Study on FRA
SCSTRTI
Study assigned to SCSTRTI, BBSR .Study completed and report published
Up-scaling up Solar Lighting initiatives and Carbon Marketing
CTRAN
Completed
Training on Database Management Software Application
NIIT
Completed
Printing of MPR Formats, Registers etc. Completed and distributed to VDCs
Flip Book/ Flip Chart/ Posters on Collective Marketing
Completed and being used in field by FNGOs
Video on Collective Marketing Completed
Compendium of various rural development programmes published by WORLP
Procured and distributed to all ITDAs and FNGOs
Study on distribution of homestead land through Vasundhara and development of micro plot based livelihoods
Completed and report published. Upscaling under implementation
Quality assessment of Land & Water Management Structures
Completed and report published.
Page | 21
3.3.5 RNGO Support
3.3.5.1 MART & RABO bank collaboration for ABC
The programme was associated with MART for piloting and up-scaling of the Collective Marketing
initiatives under the Phase I and II operation of the programme. During the piloting of the initiative,
58 villages in 4 blocks of Phase I districts were initiated to test the collective marketing model with
SHGs promoted by the programme. Based on the learning from this pilot implementation for one
year, the imitative was up-scaled to all the 10 blocks of Phase I area covering 390 villages. Village
level marketing cadres were promoted during the period to establish marketing and negotiation skill
with these village youths. They were trained and exposed to various tricks of the trade, weight and
measure for purchase and sale, negotiation with traders etc were conducted as a capacity building
initiatives. Financing through Rural Financial Services were ensured to meet the working capital
requirement of the SHGs to institutionalize the initiatives. An effort of three years of focused
intervention has resulted in a turnover of more than Rs.30.00 crores of business in the programme
area. The processes, best practices, issues etc. were documented and up-scaled into other Phase II
programme areas. Presently, both in Phase I and II programme areas collective marketing is
prevailing and being triggered through these village level resource persons called marketing cadres.
Subsequently, to promote the initiative into a larger arena, the programme promoted private sector
investment into the collective marketing approach in the programme areas. MART took the
initiative and in collaboration with RABO bank agreed to support the apex marketing institution
created by the programme namely Adivasi Bazar Committee (ABC) in Tumudibandha block of
Kandhamal district. As part of the collaboration, the RABO bank has agreed to render financial
support in positioning skilled manpower in capacitating the various stakeholders associated in
promotion of this institution through MART. Besides, they will also support in improvisation and
creation of certaion needful infrastructure i.e. drying or threshing yard, low cost storage structures
and weighing systems etc. and to implement various market led interventions in the operational area.
Besides, MART as implementing partner will facilitate these processes in field. This is collaboration
for a period of two years.
MART has already deployed staff to field as part of the collaboration. They have also been trained
and initial discussion with the local FNGO PRDATA, OTELP district as well as state team has been
completed. Discussions with communities have been completed and products from forest and
Page | 22
agriculture have been selected in consultation with them. A detailed capacity building plan has been
prepared with the ITDA, Balliguda to further strengthen the initiatives. A detail progress made
under this collaboration is submitted separately.
3.3.5.2 OPSL: Special Agriculture Drive for up-scaling successful interventions in the
Consolidation Phase of Phase I areas
The project cycle of 7 years will be completed by 31st December,2011 in Phase I area of OTELP. At
present these areas are in consolidiation phase. RNGO, WASSAN, Hyderabad has recommended in
the exit strategy document that an RNGO be taken in for facilitating the special agriculture drive
for improving sustainability of interventions and benefit flows under OTELP. The Joint Review
Mission, 2009 have also recommended that System of Rice Intensification(SRI), System of Millet
Intensification (SMI) and Low External Input for Sustainable Agriculture (LEISA) be implemented
as a campaign mode (by June,2010). Accordingly a MoU between OTELP and OPSL has been
signed for upscaling strategy for Agriculture and horticulture development. As per agreement, the
association is from 15th Sep,2010 to 14th Set,2011.The consultants of OPSL will facilitate the
assignment as per agreement through the support of FNGOs, ITDAs and PSU in two cropping
season s ( Rabi,2010-11 and Kharif,2011).
The following interventions that have become successful during the first phase districts are to be up
scaled in cluster approach.
• Rain water management in up-land.
• Crop diversification.
• Integrated nutrient management.
• Integrated pest management.
• Organic faring of vegetables, fruits and spices with special emphasis on dry land horticulture.
• Conservation agriculture.
• Shifting cultivation stabilization
• Nutrition gardening.
• Seed production under seed village programme.
• Production and supply of planting materials.
• Low cost technology for land and water management.
• Use of low cost implements for drudgery reduction.
• Preservation and multiplication of indigenous varieties of millets, pulses including perennial pegionpea and oil seed crops.
Page | 23
3.3.5.3 RDI
The PSU has signed MoU with RDI, an international NGO with registered office in India , for
allocation of land to landless to ensure it as a focused intervention under the programme. This has
been designed based on the two studies undertaken during 2009-10 with the support from DFID
TA. These studies reveal that nearly 41% of the families in 43 villages of 20 GPs of Phase I districts
were not having rightful ownership to the land on which they are residing. To tackle this problem,
the detailed collaborative plan with RDI has been prepared and MoU signed to cover all the 30
blocks of OTELP operational area. The aim of this collaboration is to ensure that no landless family
will be there in OTELP operational area by 2012. It is a collaboration without any financial
implication to the project. Both the parties will use their own resources and OTELP will meet the
investments meant for the capacity building of the community resource persons and specialized
human resources for execution of the MoU. The SLPMC on its 13th meeting held on 21.09.2010 has
approved the collaboration.
3.3.5.4 DBI
The previous JRM in 2009 recommended replacing irrigation through earthen/ masonry canals to
pipe water irrigation, which will be low cost and durable. To institutionalize this process, the PSU
has conducted various training programmes for the ITDA and FNGO staff to understand the
concept, advantages over traditional irrigation system and sustainability. For technical support and
handholding to the programme staff as well as the beneficiaries, the PSU has signed MoU with the
Diversion Based Irrigation (DBI) Secretariat of M/s Harsh Trust, Bhubaneswar for a period of six
months. As part of the MoU the DBI Coordinator, will provide the following services:
a. Identification of sites
b. Capacity building of local volunteers on DBI survey, design and implementation
c. Validation of design and estimates prepared by concerned WDT, Engineer.
d. Clarification of doubts if any from WDT member or volunteer.
As part of the MoU the PSU will provide the logistics support for the field visit of the coordinator,
minimal professional fees and cost of capacity building programmes. It is expected to construct at
least 30 DBI structures (at least one in each programme block) during the period of association as
Page | 24
pilots for upscalling in other areas. Based on the performance and need of the communities, the
MoU will be extended.
3.4 Gender Mainstreaming
Based on the recommendation of previous Joint Review Mission, PSU with support from DFID TA
engaged an agency to support in mainstreaming the Gender issues in OTELP. Based on the above
requirement the Procurement Support Team (PST) of DFID TA, engaged PRIA, a Delhi based
agency having regional office in Bhubaneswar during July, 2009. The agency positioned one state
consultant and four district consultants in each of the Phase I districts. In consultation with the
PSU, ITDA and FNGOs of both Phase I and II districts, a detail step wise guideline on Gender
Mainstreaming was worked out jointly based on the gender guideline prepared during 2008. Later,
through a series of consultative interaction, a non-negotiable guideline on Gender for OTELP
developed. (copy provided separately). The salient features of the guideline are to promote women
empowerment through a equity basis, which ensure at least 50% women representation in different
committees, equal wage, definite budget allocation on empowerment related issues. Adequate efforts
would be taken up to address the issues relating drudgery, violation against women, literacy and
rights etc. Accordingly, sensitization workshop has been organised on Gender Mainstreaming for
the SMSs, ITDA and WDTs with the facilitation support of Consultant, PRIA, New Delhi and
Bhubaneswar. Training of trainers for the block level resource persons i.e. at least 7 persons from
each FNGO area of Phase I districts, were conducted. Besides, communication material on gender
issues were developed and is being used in the programme villages for ensuring better
mainstreaming of gender issues.
Page | 25
4. Livelihoods Enhancement
4.1 Land & Water Management
The livelihood enhancement component of the programme addresses issues on poverty reduction,
alternative livelihoods as the way to help and encourage people dependent on natural resources.
Understanding how and why rural people change their income generating activities is the key to
developing effective strategies to support the targeted beneficiaries. However, the strategies adopted
are understood by the beneficiaries and they assist the process with the objective of ensuring
sustainability. The factors to be taken care of are too complex, ranging from the relative low
productivity of the local area, to levels of risk, security and education, as well as the nature of local
production, markets and demand. Systematic approaches to identify and promote alternative
incomes has commenced. It is important that these approaches recognize that change in rural
livelihoods is not so much a periodic phenomenon but an ongoing process. It is clear that both
general development programmes and targeted support for the poor can pave the way for the poor
to help themselves get out of poverty.
The livelihood basket of the poor is partly filled in by wage income, subsistence agriculture and
forest. Thus effort has been made during the year to invest upon these resources which not only
provide immediate wage employment but also improve these resources resulting in improved
income in the long run along with ecological balance. With a food security of about 4 to 6 months
per year, it is an ongoing effort to provide income in terms of cash and food grain resulting in
improved availability of food and purchasing power.
Highest investment has been made in this sub-component for development of land & water
resources within the micro watershed. This sub-component aims to increase rainwater use efficiency,
reduce run off and soil loss and increase water availability through improved surface and ground
water development & management.
The various activities under the sub-component includes mechanical structures like land
development (bonding, land leveling, terracing, trenches, etc.) and creation of water harvesting &
recharging structures (check dam, diversion wire with field channel, farm pond, percolation tank
etc.). These structures have been supported by biological measures like growing of cover crops,
mixed cropping, inter-cropping, mixed plantation etc.
Page | 26
4.1.1 Conservation of shifting cultivation patch
Shifting cultivation in the hill slopes of the programme area is abundant. Tribal people with marginal
land holding depend upon this for cultivating food crops particularly minor millets to meet their
food requirements. Continuous practice since generations, degraded these lands and also affects
lands at lower catchment. Increase in population has also reducing the podu cycle to three to five
years causing further degradation of these lands and also reduce the productivity of the crops
cultivated. During the programme intervention, various mechanical measures like Stone Bunds,
staggered trenches, continuous trenches and water absorption trench are created to reduce the run
off velocity and soil loss from those patches. The details of the above activities for pre and post
Phase I MTR are presented in the table below.
Pre Phase I Post Phase I SL ACTIVITY
Rmt. in ha. Rmt. in ha.
1 Mechanical Filter Strip/ Stone
Bunding
33132 83 1164718 2912
2 Trench (CCT/ SCT) 87563 146 182282 304
3 Water Absorbtion Trench 9863 49 13013 65
130558 278 1360013 3281
Damaging effect in lower catchment Conservation of shifting cultivation patches
through stone bunds
Page | 27
4.1.2 Drainage line treatment
The physiography of the programme villages is hilly and undulating. Instant runoff during rain
passes through numerous first and second order streams causing severe erosion of the stream beds.
These erode sand, stone, pebbles etc. damaging low laying fields. Hectares of paddy cultivated
during kharif (Rainy) season are affected due to sand casting caused by flash floods. This not only
damages the crop for the season but also the farmer losses his/ her family labour to reclaim the
land, where women from the family suffers most. These low lands over the stream bed are about 10-
12% of the total cultivable land, which are most productive in nature. The tribal families mainly
depend upon this land to grow paddy for meeting their food requirement.
Sl.
No.
INTERVENTIONS UNIT Pre MTR
1
Post MTR
1
1 Retaining Wall/ Guard Wall - Dry Rmt 15 893
2 Retaining Wall/ Guard Wall - Masonary Rmt 642 6799
3 Gully Control Structure (Earthen Gully
Plug/ LBS/ LBCD)
No 9253 36123
4 Masonry Drop Structure/ Masonry
Gully Plugging
No 0 52
5 Nalla Bank Stabilisation/ Steram Bank
Erosion Control
Rmt 125 9
6 Brush Wood Check Dam No 0 3142
7 Waterway No 42 79
The programme adopted interventions to treat these first and second order streams through various
activities like Retaining Wall/ Guard Wall, Gully Control Structures, Brush Wood Check Dam etc.
in series, to minimise the crop damage at the lower patches. These treatments across these streams,
retain sand, stone, pebbles, silts etc. flowing from the podu areas and deposit in the gully beds. This
effort stabilises gullies, increase the base flow and flow duration. At the same time, new lands are
created across the stream bed and sustains vegetative growth. The paddy crops cultivated in the
lower patches are saved and also get water during moisture stress conditions during rainy season.
Page | 28
Gully Control measure ensures vegetative growth A farmer plucking from a fruit tree grown
in stabilized gully
4.1.3 Development of cultivable land
About 60% of the cultivable lands in the programme area are high land and 20% are medium land.
Tribal people cultivate Paddy, Niger, Millets, Maize, Mustard etc. in these lands. The productivity of
these lands are poor as most of these lands are unbunded. The farmers cultivate in these lands with a
high risk due to erratic rainfall, soil loss, nutrient deficiencies, lack of irrigation etc., resulting in poor
crop husbandry by them. The farmers get about 25-30% of their income from these lands, which are
more than 80% of the total cultivated land in OTELP villages. Besides, crops grown in these patches
are cash crops and also content nutritional values, it is important to treat these lands to increase its
productivity.
The programme has
facilitated the farmers
to construct bunds,
terraces, levelling of
these lands to retain
fertile top soil and
moisture. The farmers
are also facilitated to
grow some crops over
Sl.
No.
INTERVENTIONS UNIT Pre
MTR 1
Post
MTR 1
1 Earthen Bund/ Filed Bund/
Contour Bond
Rmt 420962 1636942
2 Terracing – Earthen Ha 1 48
3 Terracing – Stone Ha 593 0
4 Land Leveling Ha 2 468
5 Miscellaneous items/ well platform,
Compost pits etc.
No 1051 37
Page | 29
the bund to stabilise these and in return get some income. Now farmers are also facilitated to
produce compost and use it as fertiliser in these lands to increase productivity. The details of the
interventions made for development of these lands are given in the table.
4.1.4 Water Resources Development
All the medium and high land in the
programme areas are non-irrigated and solely
depend upon the rainfall for cultivation. There
are number of perennial streams available in
these locations and also the area receives
annual rainfall of 1400 mm or more. However,
the rainfall is highly erratic and the number of
rainy days per year is
decreasing gradually.
This is resulting in
uncertainty of crop
production and yield.
To mitigate the
situation, rain water
conservation and
utilisation of water
from perennial streams
during stress period
with prolonged dry
spell in kharif has been
adopted as a strategy by
the programme. As part
of this strategy various
types of water bodies
are created along with
irrigation structures. Water bodies are to provide protective irrigation during kharif. The irrigations
structures such as diversion wires, check dam, canal etc. are constructed/ renovated to ensure
Sl. No.
Activity Unit Pre MTR 1
Post MTR 1
1 Percolation Tank/ Sunken Pond No 34 8
2 Farm Pond No 19 159
3 Water Harvesting Structure (WHS)/ Irrigation Tank
No 92 214
4 Diversion Weir No 15 96
5 Check Dam No 32 261
6 Field Canal/ Earthen Canal Rmt 3651 41831
7 Masonry Canal Rmt 10806 58285
8 Well (Dug/ Shallow/ Open) No 7 53
9 River lift irrigation project No 0 2
10 Gravity Flow Irrigation Structure No 18 21
11 5% Corner Pit No 0 498
12 Chuan/ Water hole No 4 89
13 Repair of Check Dam No 1 5
14 Repair of Irrigation Tank/ WHS/ Well No 17 42
16 Renovation of canal/ extension of canal
Rmt 0 20220
17 Renovation of diversion weir No. 6 15
18 Gravity Fed piped water supply (irrigation& domestic use)
No 0 30
Water Harvesting Structure
Page | 30
protective irrigation during kharif and also support post rain crops cultivated by farmers. These
interventions are resulted in increase in cropping intensity and volume of production. There are
evidences of crop diversification and improved cropping practices due to additional irrigation
facility.
4.1.5 Biological Measures
Each mechanical structure created through land & water management component are supported by
biological measures during the initial year of creation to ensure structure stability and sustainability.
This also increases the effectiveness of the mechanical structures along with additional income to
the farmers. Cover crops, improved cropping practices, plantation of pineapple, legumes, mango etc.
have been promoted to ensure bund stability and additional income. Promotion of horticulture
species in degraded lands have also been promoted to reduce the soil erosion on these lands
supported with stone bunds, trench etc. and to provide the livelihoods to the poorest of the poor
families. Besides, mixed tree plantations have been taken up in the shifting cultivation lands.
4.1.6 Outcomes and Impacts: Land & Water Management
a. Conversion of Non Arable
land to Arable Land: Nearly
4179 ha of non arable land
have been converted to arable
land, benefiting 7427
Sl. No. Activity Unit Pre MTR 1
Post MTR 1
1 Cover Crop (Pulses/ Oil Seeds/ Vegetables/ Tuber Crops/ Green Manuering/ Fodder)
Ha 110 1441
2 Avenue plantation Km 0 28
3 Bund/ Contour Plantation Rmt 0 471600
4 Plantation of Horticulture Species- Area
Ha 969 1416
5 Mixed Plantation- Area
Ha 300 2041
6 Bamboo Plantation- Area
Ha 0 221
Particulars Pre MTR I Post MTR I
Non Arable to Arable (in Ha)
1669 2510
Households Benefited 1018 6409
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Page | 31
households. These lands have been brought under improved cultivation by these farmers
after the development . These are mostly medium and high lands. In these additional
cultivable areas, farmers are growing maize, niger, paddy, millets etc. and their income has
increased. The pre and post MTR I situation is presented in the adjoining table.
a. Additional Irrigation Support: Through
creation of various water bodies and irrigation
canals additional area are brought under
cultivation along with providing protective
irrigation as per the requirement during the
kharif season. It is observed from the
adjoining table that a total of 11425 ha. of
irrigation potential have been created in the
programme areas. Out of the above area,
during dry spells of kharif season, beneficiary
farmers utilised 40 % of the total potential.
However, in rabi season, about 34 % of the
total potentials are used for cultivating second
crop. It is to note here that, during the rabi
season, the potential of 11425 ha reduces
about 50%. Therefore, the potential used during rabi season is 68%.
About 13744 families have been benefited out these additional irrigations by saving their
crop during kharif and also
taking second crop during
rabi. The distribution of the
additional area irrigatged and
familes benefited are presented
in the adjoining table.
b. Increased water availability: The scarcity of water during the dry spells of kharif and after
kharif was affecting the agriculture cropping in the programme areas particularly in high
lands. This also impacts the domestic need of the people for drinking, bathing and other
Cum. Additional Area cultivated (in Ha.)
Year Cum. Area
Irrigated (in Ha.) Kharif Rabi
2005-06 464 25 2
2006-07 2126 768 272
2007-08 6308 1639 1350
2008-09 9746 3306 2621
2009-10 11425 4592 3826
Particulars Pre MTR I Post MTR I
Additional Area Irrigated (in Ha.)
2443 8982
Households benefited due to additional irrigation
2447 11297
Page | 32
purposes. Programme through its interventions of stone bund, gully control structures,
trenches, land development activities etc. helps in reducing the run off velocity of surface
water and provides more opportunity time for infiltration. As a result, there are evidences of
increase in ground water table, increase in stream flow and increase in flow duration of the
streams in different micro watersheds areas.
The programme has taken up studies in selected micro watershed
adopting local methods (measuring the water depth in open wells) and eye estimate (as
experienced by communities) for calculating above parameters. It has experienced that there
are about 1 meter of increase of water tables in open wells after five years of implementation
in the Phase I programme area. Similarly, the stream flow has been increased by two to
three months per year. There are evidences from programme area of Kalahandi district that
there are seasonal streams becoming perennial ,ensuring increased water availability.
Series of Gully Control structures created across streams. Evidence of seasonal streams becoming perennial (corner photo)
Staggered trenches increases moisture availability for orchards created to support poorest of the poor families
c. Convergence with MGNREGA
• ITDA Balliguda:
o Different mechanical structures (Staggered contour trenches, loose boulder
structures etc) have been done in 34 villages of Tumudibandh block during Khariff
2010 through the convergence of MNREGA. Rs. 6.62 lakh has been spent and 7355
man days have been created.
Page | 33
• ITDA Koraput:
o Sanction of Rs. 55.23 lakh has been made for treatment of lands in 238 ha covering
214 beneficiaries in 3 blocks of Koraput during Khariff 2010. Work is under
progress. So far expenditure of Rs. 75,000/- has already been made.
• ITDA Paralakhemundi:
o Work on land development (terracing, renovation of tank etc) are continuing in all
the programme areas of 6 FNGOs in Gajapati district during current financial area.
So far Rs18 lakh has been spent and 14,016 mandays created.
4.2 Participatory Forest Management
Forest is an important resource for the poor tribals. They earn income from it by collecting the
NTFPs and other roots, herbs, shrubs etc and also for supplementing the food basket. The
programme has facilitated the villagers residing near by the forests to organize them into Vana
Sangrakhyana Samiti (VSS) to
implement the Participatory
Forest Management activities. In
association with the State Forest
& Environment Department,
OTELP field functionaries have
organized VSS and facilitated the
forest dwellers in preparation of
the forest micro plan. The VSS as
a part of the VDC received
funds from the VDC and
implement the forest
development activities in their
adjoining forest for about 80 ha
besides protecting 120 ha of
forests, thus accounting for a
total of 200ha of forest area. The
initial investments under the
Particulars
No. of VSS formed 430
Proposed Forest Area protected 42960 ha
Forest area for effective treatment 18231 ha
Forest area protected for natural regeneration 24729 Ha
No. of Forest Development Micro Plans prepared
226
No. of forest development micro plan approved
211
New Plantation During 2009-10 1403 Ha.
No. of species planted in the new plantation areas during 2009-10
17.25 Lakhs
No. of species gap filled in old plantation areas during 2009-10
1.54 Lakhs
No. of nurseries made during 2009-10 82
VSS Members Trained 333
Average Income from NTFP per household Rs.1100/- to Rs. 2500/-
Average person days engagement per household per year.
50 days
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Page | 34
component have been made by taking up gap filling plantation in degraded forest patches. The
SHGs have been mobilized to take up the nurseries to support the VSS in providing the seedlings of
forest species for plantation and inturn earn income out of the same.. The Details of the progress
made under the complement is presented in the adjoining table.
4.3 Production System Enhancement
4.3.1 Agriculture and Horticulture Development
Agriculture is the way of life for all tribal people. It provides food, fodder and employment. Since
most of the tribal people live in a forest eco-system, focus was given for diversification of agriculture
and intensification of crop with adoption of technology, and natural resource management to
enhance their food production. Dry land crop production technology, organic farming, sustainable
agriculture practices are the thrust areas for agriculture and horticulture production. Due to adoption
of better technology, yield improvement in most of the crops was up to 10 to 20 per cent.
4.3.1.1 Cropping Strategy
• Crop Diversification: Demonstration programme on crop diversification from paddy to non
paddy crops in high lands in 492 Ha have been conducted. Based on the demonstration
programmes of previous years on Diversification of Cropping Programme (DCP), 2872 ha
upland paddy area has been diverted to non paddy crops (Pulses, Oilseeds, Vegetables,
Spices) by 5342 farmers as this crops require less water and can perform better in drought
situation as compared to paddy.
• Inter cropping: Upland rice is subjected to
partially or complete failure in rainfed areas in
drought years. Promotion of intercropping
systems like peagon pea + ragi (2:4), maize +
cowpea (2:2), yam + maize (1:2), maize +
runner bin (2:2) and pigeon pea + rice (2:5)
have been demonstrated in an area of 65 ha
for giving higher income as compared to pure
Women farmer with her field crops
Page | 35
crop of rice in aberrant weather. Besides, inclusion of pulses fixes atmospheric nitrogen and
improves soil health. Based on the demonstration programmes conducted during the
previous years, 293 ha of area covering 942 farmers have been up scaled.
• Sequential Cropping under rain fed eco system (2009-10): Relay cropping was an old method to
reduce the total length of two crops grown in succession. Field pea and black gram are
taken as an under sown crop in standing rice fields before fifteen to thirty days of
harvesting, when the soil is muddy. The under sown crop in rain fed eco system grows freely
after harvest of rice crop and gives a good yield within a very short period. Besides, field pea,
black gram, mustard, chik pea are grown after harvest of short duration kharif paddy/ maize
in rainfed situation. The programme has promoted double cropping in rain fed eco system in
an area of 50 ha under demonstration programme. Based on the demonstrations made
during previous years 499 farmers have adopted the technology covering an area of 142 ha in
all Phase I programme districts.
• Sequential Cropping under irrigated eco system (2009-10): Under irrigated eco system two crop
patterns like maize-potato/ maize/ vegetables/ mustard/ black gram, paddy-paddy/sun
flower/ vegetables/ mustard/ black gram/ chik pea, monsoon potato-vegetables are taken
up by the farmers. Besides, three crops pattern like paddy-vegetable-vegetable and vegetable-
vegetable-vegetable are found to be promising in assured irrigated areas. 2489 farmers have
taken up this two crop/ three crop pattern in an area of 1332 ha.
• Introduction of New crops/ improved varieties: New crops and improved varieties of Paddy
(Khandagiri, Lalat, Naveen, MTU 1010, Surendra), Maize (Navjot), Sourgum (SPV
422/ICSV574, ICSV745,ICSV93046 ,NTJ 2), Ragi (Bhairabi, GPU-48, INDAF-9, GPU 26),
Pigeon Pea (Asha, Kamica, Laxmi), Chick pea (JGK 1, JG 11, ICCC 37), Black gram (Ujala,
TU94-2), Ground nut (Devi), Niger (GA-10), Turmeric (Roma, Surama), Ginger (Suprava,
Suruchi), Yam (Orissa Elite), Elephant Foot Yam (Gajendra), Sweet Patato (Kissan), Brinjal
(Blue Star), Monsoon Patato (Kufri Chandramukhi), Off season caurliflower (Pusa early,
Pusa deepali), Off season cabbage (Konark, Deepa), Runner bean (Pottangi local, Udayagiri
local), Radish (Pusa Chetki), Tamato (Utkal Pallavi, Utkal Dipti), Okra (Utkal Gourav), Chill
(Utkal Abha), Pine apple (Queen) Off Season Vegetable, and Black gram have been
introduced in 62 Ha covering 568 farmers for increase of productivity and income for the
tribal farmers.
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4.3.1.2 Seed Production
Farmers have realized that productivity of different crops increase significantly due to use of quality
seeds. But it is almost impossible for the organized seed sector (Govt & Private) to meet the
demand of the farmers. It becomes difficult for supply of quality seeds to most of the programme
areas due to inaccessibility. Attempts have been made for production of seeds informally and link to
village seed bank through women SHG. The preferred veracities of paddy, ground nut, pigeon pea,
ragi and chick pea have been multiplied under this programme. This has helped the farmers to
partially meet the requirement of seeds in the programme area. Informal seed production
programme has been taken in an area of 308 ha covering about 366 selected farmers. Formal seed
production with paddy and ground nut has been taken up in an area of 40 Ha during Kharif 2010.
This has been covered in association with ICRISAT and Orissa State Seeds Corporation.
4.3.1.3 Practice of low monetary input system
Off season tillage/ summer ploughing (ploughing during May),timely land preparation before the
onset of monsoon, early sowing (sowing of seeds on the onset of monsoon), growing of high
yielding varieties with shorter duration in different crops (paddy, ragi, black gram, pigeon pea,
ground nut, sunflower etc.), maintaining optimum plant population per unit area (demonstrating in
the inter cropping systems), application of organic manure (FYM/compost) before sowing in
appropriate quantity, use of neem seed extract solution against pest control, preparation of pot
manure (cow urine + cow dung + jiggery + chopped leaves of neem, arakha and karanja) for
providing nitrogen and repelling action against insects and micro organisms to the crops are low
cost technologies and have no environmental hazard, thus accepted by the farmers.
3953 farmers have done seed replacement by growing certified seeds (paddy, ragi, arhar) in an area
of 595 ha, seed treatment in an area of 506 ha, use of bio fertilizer in an area of 1320 ha, use of
neem seed extract in an area of 424 ha, green mannuering by dhanicha to increase soil fertility in an
area of 247 ha. 131 vermi compost units have also been made by the farmers during the year.
Applications of gypsum before sowing of groundnut in 56 ha have also been promoted.
Besides, summer ploughing in an area of 1286 ha, ploughing across the slope in an area of 1710 ha,
line sowing in an area of 849 ha and mulching in an area of 17 ha have been demonstrated in
different programme areas.
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4.1.3.4 System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Many farmers in programme areas have felt that SRI method of rice cultivation is superior to
conventional method of rice cultivation. SRI is one of the methods of sustainable agriculture that
reduces agro inputs (seed, fertilizer, pesticides etc.), conserves water, improves soil structure and
improve yield. SRI demonstration has been conducted in 82 ha. On the basis of the experience from
the previous year demonstration programme up scaling of the intervention has been made by 673
farmers in an area of 165 ha. In SRI plots, the effective tillers were almost double. Productivity
increased on an average by 40%. As per the recommendation of the previous JRM, the technology
on SRI cultivation have been validated by Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI), Cuttack and same
has been communicated to all the ITDAs.
4.3.1.5 Millet Development
Ragi (Finger Millet), suan (little millet) and foxtail millet (kangoo) are the major millets grown in
OTELP areas. Thirteen varieties of Ragi were tested by the farmers under participatory variety
selection trials through support of MS Swaminathan Foundation Research Centre. Farmers have
preferred GPU 48, INDAF 9, GPU 26 and VHAIRABI varities of Ragi as these varieties gave 20-
25% higher yield than the local varieties. Now these preferred varieties of ragi are grown as pure
crop in both the seasons as well intercropping system during Kharif. The popular intercropping
system is pigeon pea + ragi (2:4). Capacity building of the farmers have been done for thinning at
15 days of ragi cop and timely intercultural operation at 3week of the millet crops.. 2554 ha of ragi is
grown in Koraput and Gajapati district. During Kharif, 2010 . About 20 % areas have been replaced
by preferred areas specially Bhairabi.
4.3.1.6 Farmer’s Field School (FFS)
1841 farmers have been trained on improved crop management practices in SRI paddy, maize and
ground nut in the field at regular intervals in 100 farmers field schools organized during the previous
two cropping seasons. Each FFS caters the need of the farmers in a particular crop.
4.3.1.7 Growing of Off Season Vegetables
Vegetables including off season vegetables, have been promoted in the programme areas covering
7160 farmers in an area of 1984 ha during Kharif 2010.
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4.3.1.8 Hybrid Maize Cultivation
649 ha of hybrid maize covering 2596 farmers have taken up hybrid maize cultivation during Kharif
2010 under RKVY (Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojna). Financial support on agriculture inputs @
Rs.4000.00 per ha has been provided to all the beneficiaries from RKVY. Besides, extension support
on farmers’ training and exposure visit are provided to the farmers during the cropping season.
4.3.1.9 Association with CTCRI
Scientist of Regional Centre, CTCRI, Bhubaneswar have been associated for capacity development
of the farmers for scientific methods of cultivation of Yam, Elephant Foot Yam, Cassava and Sweet
Patato in programme areas. The scientist of CTCRI are providing continuous technical support to
the programme staff and other primary stake holder for cultivating tuber crops.
4.3.1.10 Association with ICRISAT
Progress during 2009-10 Rabi season :
The total seeds covering 4 varieties of chickpea namely JG 11, ICCC37, JGK- 2 & KAK-2 was
produced under informal seed production programme from an area of 2.9 ha is 3288 kg , out of
which 1973 kg sold/consumed keeping a balance of 1315 kg for multiplication during 2010-11 Rabi
season.18 farmers actively participated in this program.
Similarly informal groundnut seed production for the variety ICGV 91114 was taken up in an area
of 0.8 hectare in Koraput district and 18 quintals seeds were produced. About 50% of the stock will
be utilized for informal seed production purpose during Rainy Season 2008.
The total Groundnut (var ICGV91114) seeds produced from an area of 14.0 ha under informal seed
production programme is 16,623 kg, out of which 12,162 kg seeds have been consumed/sold by the
farmers and rest 4,461 kg have been kept for the use during 2010. Rainy season.
Inter cropping of Asha (ICPL 87119) var of pigeon pea with Ragi / Maize in an area of 4.0 ha
(Pigeon pea + Ragi in 2.0 ha & Pigeon pea+ Maize in 2.0 ha) & Kamica (ICP 7035) var of pigeon
pea with maize in an area 2.0 ha have been taken up by 58 farmers in 35 villages of four programme
districts (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi) during 2010 rainy season. The inter
cropping system is covered under informal seed production programme, following the concept of
one variety in one village with 500 m of isolation. The pigeon pea crop has been harvested during
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January and February 2010 The average yield of 1025 kg pigeon pea (var Asha) & 702 kg ragi per ha
was obtained in Pigeon pea (var asha) +Ragi inter cropping system Similarly the average yield of
1050 kg pigeon pea (var kamica) & 725 kg ragi per ha was recorded in Pigeon pea (var kamica)
+Ragi inter cropping system. Besides, the average yield of 1035 kg pigeon pea (var asha) & 2600 kg
maize per ha was received in Pigeon pea (var asha) +maize inter cropping system.
Four varieties of chickpea namely JG 11(desi) , ICCC37 (desi ), JGK 2(kabuli) & KAK 2 (kabuli)
were tested in 41 villages covering 107 farmers in 18 blocks in four programme districts under
Farmers Participatory Variety Selection (FPVS) trials . The yield per ha in case of JG 11 var .ranged
from 673-1290kg (average 988 kg) , 865-1550 kg(ave 1031 kg) in case of ICCC37 var, 782-1380 kg
(ave 1004 kg) in case of JGK 2 var and 937-1350 kg (average 1014 kg) in case of KAK 2 var. The
highest yield of 1550 kg per ha in case of ICCC 37 var & 1380 kg per ha in case of JGK 2 were
obtained in Koraput district.
22 numbers of farmers training programme covering 691 beneficiaries (male 386 + female 305) in
ICM, seed production and post harvest technology in legumes were organized in Gajapati,
Kalahandi and Kandhamal programme areas. Similarly, 13 field days covering 565 farmers and farm
women were conducted at the podding stage of the crops in Koraput, Kalahandi and Kandhamal
districts.
65 farm women from 12 SHGs of Gajapati, Kalahandi and Kandhamal districts availed Rs.62, 000/-
as credit for purchase of inputs required for informal seed production of groundnut and chickpea.
Progress during 2010-11 Kharif season:
State Level training programme of the Agriculture officers was conducted from 23-24 April, 2010 in
Programme Support Unit OTELP. Specialize training programme of the Agriculture officers-WDTs
Agriculture and selected Agriculture volunteers of the programme areas was conducted in Orissa
University of Agriculture & Technology, BBSR from 24-26 May, 2010 and 27-29 May, 2010.
292 soil samples from phase II areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, Kandhamal and Gajapati districts were
sent to ICRISAT, Hyderabad during June, 2010 for analysis of both macro and micro nutrients.
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3 varieties of Ground nut namely, Devi, ICGS-44 and ICGS-76 are compared with the promisiong
local var (AK-12-24 / smruti) / 33 farmers in 33 villages of Phase II blocks of Koraput, Kandhamal,
Gajapati and Kalahandi Programme Districts.
Inter cropping of Asha (ICPL 87119) var of pigeon pea with Ragi / Maize in an area of 4.0 ha
(Pigeon pea + Ragi in 2.0 ha & Pigeon pea+ Maize in 2.0 ha) & Kamica (ICP 7035) var of pigeon
pea with maize in an area 2.0 ha have been taken up by 75 farmers in 42 villages in Phase I areas of
four programme districts (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi) during 2010 rainy season.
The inter cropping system is covered under informal seed production programme, following the
concept of one variety in one village with 500 m of isolation. The pigeon pea crop is now in the
field.
3 varieties of pigeon pea namely Kamika, Asha and Laxmi are compared with local variety by 130
farmers in 101 villages in Phase II areas of four programme districts (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal
and Kalahandi) during 2010 rainy season. The pigeon pea crop is now in the field.
One variety of vegetable type of pigeon pea ICPL - 87051 are being tested by 470 farmers in Phase I
& II blocks (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi).
Four varieties of Black gram namely Ujala, VBG 69, VBG 55 and VBN 3 (duration 60 to 80 days)
are compared with local variety by 92 farmers in 38 villages of Phase II programme areas (Koraput,
Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi).
45 farmers have taken up informal seed production of the preferred variety of Black gram (var Ujala)
in an area of 8 ha during August, 2010 in Phase I programme district (Koraput, Gajapati,
Kandhamal and Kalahandi)
202 farmers have taken up informal seed production of the preferred variety of Ground nut (Var
Devi) in an area of 16.55 ha (Gajapati 7.35+andhamal 3.10 + Kalahandi 1.50 + Koraput 4.60)
during June, 2010 in Phase I programme district (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi)
20 farmers training programme covering 611 beneficiaries in ICM, seed production and post harvest
technology in legumes were organized in the programme areas.
8 ICRISAT varieties and 1 hybrid of Sorghum were tested by 787 farmers in 113 villages of phase I
areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, Kandhamal and Gajapati districts during two Kharif seasons i.e. Kharif
Page | 41
2006 and Kharif 2007 and preferred SPV 422 (80-90 days duration), ICSV 745 (110-115 days) and
ICSV 93046 (120 days) varieties as these varieties gave on an average 40 % higher yield than local
varieties. Besides NTJ 2 (125-130 days 0 was also preferred by the farmers due to excellent fodder
quality and higher yield. As per request of the community 85 kg nucleus seeds of above 4 varieties
were procured from ICRISAT and informal seed production has been taken up in an area of 7.66 ha
(Gajapati 2.86 + Kandhamal 0.40 + Kalahandi 2.0 + Koraput 2,40) by 89 farmers and 7 women
SHGs.
4.3.1.11 Kitchen Garden
The climatic condition in OTELP areas are favorable for off season vegetables specially in the
Programme areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, areas. Vegetable cultivation has worked very well where it
has led a more nutritional food intakes and income from sale of surplus production as per
experience in phase I areas. OTELP had distributed vegetable seed minikits to the households ,as a
result small vegetable vending business run by the women SHGs are now a popular activity. Many
households have been facilitated to utilize their backyards for growing vegetables and planting of
grafted horticultural plants.
On the basis of above experience, it has been decided for establishment of nutritional
garden by planting of at least 5-10 various types of grafted / improved horticultural plants such as
mango, banana, papaya, lemon and drumstick with cultivation of vegetables as per availability of
land in the backyards of each households of Phase I and Phase II programme areas. Planning was
made to cover all the 19,481 households in Phase I areas and 15129 households in phase II
programme areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, Kandhamal and Gajapati districts during Kharif, 2010.
25% of the funds required for purchase of horticultural grafts / seedlings and vegetables seeds have
been arranged by the beneficiaries from revolving funds of SHGs including funds available under
RFS or from their own source. The rest 75% of the required funds are made from OTELP fund.
Besides Micro Irrigation System (MIS) are introduced by installing bucket kit / drum kit in the
nutritional garden through ID India. So far 21268 households (Koraput 6250 + Kandhamal 4661 +
Kalahandi 4500 + Gajapati 5857) have been covered under Kitchen garden during Kharif 2010.
It was decided to promote model kitchen gardens in the premises of all schools under OTELP
areas. Planning was made to include 10-15 horticultural grafts / seedling of different species like
mango, banana, papaya, lemon drumstick in the school kitchen garden. Beside different types of
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vegetable are grown in the kitchen garden. Govt is supplying mid day meal to the students of the
schools. Vegetables and Fruits from the kitchen garden will give nutritional supplementation to the
mid day meal. The funds required for purchase of horticultural grafts / seedlings, vegetables seeds
and MIS (drum kit) are met from OTELP. So far 166 kitchen gardens (Kandhamal 14 + Kalahandi
45 + Gajapati 62 + Koraput 45) have been developed in 166 schools through support of OTELP
during Kharif 2010.
4.3.1.12 Plantation
Horticulture Plantation (Mango, Cashew, and Banana) has been done in an area of 433 ha covering
1299 farmers during kharif 2010. This includes WADI model being implemented in Koraput. Since
inception, details of the plantations are as below:
a. WADI programme in Koraput (Convergence through MGNREGS)
Subject matter specialists of ITDAs of OTELP visited BAIF-WADI programme in Gujrat
during June, 2010 on exposure visit. Basing on the above experience and demand of the
community, WADI programme in OTELP areas of ITDA, Koraput has been taken up
during Kharif, 2010. 493 families in an area of 478 acres (191.2 ha) covering 5 blocks
(Namdpur, Dasmantpur, Pottangi, Semeliguda and Bandhugaon) have taken up WADI
programme. Each farm family has adopted WADI mostly in an area of one acre. Few
farmers have grown in an area of 0.5 acre also. 20 mango grafts, 40 cashew seedlings and 400
forest species have been grown in each acre of area. Baiganpalli, Amrapalli, Dusseri, Alfanso
species of mango, Cassia, Simaruba, Acacia, Subabul and Teak forest species and local
variety of cashew have been planted. WADI programme is implemented under the funding
of MNRGEA, OTELP and farmers contribution. The programme cycle is for 6 years. Rs
10,300/- per acre is provided from MNREGA. Besides OTELP is providing RS. 10,200/-
per acre. The balance requirement will be farmers contribution. The planting has been
completed by end of Aug, 2010.
b. Plantation programme in Malkangiri and Rayagada district through MGNREGS
Plantation in an area of 2663 ha of land (2312 Ha in individual land for cashew plantation
and 351 ha in community land for mixed plantation) has been done in 246 villages of 20 GPs
in three blocks of Malkanagiri district. All the households received land title certificate under
FRA have been covered the programme. 10 Lakhs seedlings of different species (Cashew,
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Teak, other forest species, drum stick and papaya) raised by the communities in 15 nurseries
for above plantation. Besides, 3 Lakhs seedlings have also been supplied by forest
department. 11,19,091 seedlings have been planted in the above plantation. The causality
replacement and weeding have also been done. Rs.183.53 Lakhs has been received by ITDA,
Malkangiri out of total budgetary provision of Rs.686.23 Lakhs for implementation of above
plantation programme. So far5.02 lakhs man days have already been generated. A series of
training programme have also been conducted.
4000 Cashew grafts planted in an area of 20 ha of land which was given to the beneficiaries
under FRA in 2 villages of Munuguda and Bisamcuttack blocks during Khariff 2010 through
the convergence of MNREGA. Rs. 11.68 lakh has been spent and 8200 man days have been
created.
c. Plantation programme through convergence with NHM
Mango, Cashew and Banana plantation have been taken up in an area of 342 ha (Mango: 208
ha, Cashew: 126 ha, Banana: 8 ha) covering 746 beneficiaries in four Phase I districts.
ITDA Area Farmer Koraput 157.30 Ha 383 Kandhamal 44.70 ha 72 Kalahandi 36.00 ha 131 Gajapati 102.00 ha 160
4.3.1.13 SCAMPIS (Scaling up Micro Irrigation System)
The project started since 1st April, 2009 and will continue till 31st March, 2012 (Project period is 3
years). International Development Enterprise, India (IDEI) is the programme executive agency.
They are having office in Orissa and have been working on water lifting technologies under Micro
Irrigation System (MIS) with farmers of Orissa for more than 20 years. Agreement between OTELP
and IDEI was made on 31st March, 2009 ,for implementation of SCAMPIS India Project supported
by IFAD. In the agreement, IDEI is the programme executing agency and OTELP is to provide
cooperation for implementation by IDEI. The project is being piloted in 2 OTELP districts, namely
Koraput and Gajapati
The objectives of the project are
(a) To improve management and increase water availability, with MIS(micro irrigation system), (b) To improve agriculture productivity with MIS and liquid organic fertilizers(a fortigation
system)
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(c) Raise awareness of overall advantages of SCAMIS approach with Government and private sector
Inception workshop was organized in the state headquarters (Bhubaneswar) on 18th Nov, 2009. It
was decided in the workshop that 10,000 households in 265 villages (Koraput 6000 households
in 145 villages + Gajapati 4000 households in 120 villages ) will be covered in 2 pilot districts in the
entire project period of 3 years. Similarly district level inception workshops were conducted in pilot
districts (Koraput and Gajapati) during 1st week of December, 2010.The work started in both the
pilot districts from December, 2009.
Progress upto August, 2010:
1. Awareness and capacity building ; a. Village meeting -: 223 b. Farmers meeting -219 covering 3232 farmers & farm women(male 2193+ female 1039) c. Weekly Hat demonstration -: 38 covering 1569 persons(male 1294+ female 275) d. Village demonstration -210 covering 3605 farmers and farm woen(male 2398=female 1207)
e. Farmers exposure – 31 covering 393 farmers and farm women(male 260 + female 133) f. Short campaign (covering 5-8 villages in a vehicle ) – 36 covering 1877 farmers and farm women (male 1180 = 697 female )
g. CBO meeting – 36 places covering 21 women SHGs and other CBOs (128 males and 426 females totaling 554 were involved)
h. Mela : about 15oo persons visited the stall on water lifting technologies and liquid organic fertilisers in the state level Adivasi exhibition at Bhubaneswar during 26th Jan,2010 to 9th February ,2010
Subsidized sale of water lifting equipments/machineries:
The water lifting equipments/machineries (bucket kit, drum kit, surface treadle pump) are supplied to the farmers at 90% subsidy from the project. IDEI facilitates installation of the equipments in the farmers field through their 26 village level mechanics and district level officers. The achievements are as follows
i. Bucket kit –
20 lit plastic bucket along with in line screen filter,
tank connector, 44 micro tubes emitters. Can
irrigate 44 vegetable plants in an area of 20 square
meter area. The rate of each bucket kit at 90% subsidy is 30 INR) - 2595 kits (Koraput 1394 +
Gajapati 1201)
Women farmer with her bucket kit and standing crop
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Livestock Kit displayed provided to the
Livestock Village Volunteer
ii. Surface treadle Pump –
(This is foot operated for providing water from a depth of 8 meters and connected to 3.7 cm size
flexible suction base pipe. The average water discharge is 4000 liters per hour. Can irrigate one acre
of land. The rate of each Surface treadle Pump at 90 % subsidy is 200 INR) - 1697 pumps (Koraput
782 + Gajapati 915)
iii. Drum kit:
Comprises 200 liters water storage viz drum, barrel, tank etc placed at a height of one meter to allow
water flow by gravity. It has 5-10 rows of lateral pipes 10-20 long. The rate of each drumt kit at 90%
subsidy is 200 INR) – 954 kits
(Koraput 509 + Gajapati 445)
iv. Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF):
This includes vermin wash, Pot manure and magic tonic. – 1176 units (Koraput 695 + Gajapati 481)
at farmer level Agriculture upscaling plan
4.3.2 Livestock and Aquaculture Production
The domestic animal are being treated as a major asset
of the poor for generations. Tribals rear goats, Pigs,
Cattle, Poultry bird etc. in a traditional way. They are
yet to recognise the potential of production and return
from present livestock with the improved management
practices. The scientific developments and improved
technologies have not reached them yet.
The issues with the tribal communities for rearing livestock as a livelihoods model are mortality of
the animals because of different diseases and traditional practices of rearing. The programme has
tried to give focused interventions on village based livestock disease control system and animal
production system improvement. This has done by ensuring immunization of the animal by
conducting series of animal health camps. One village volunteer from each micro watershed have
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been promoted as Livestock Para Workers and equipped
with veterinary kits to extend support to the poor farmers
in saving their domestic animals.
Livestock population in the programme areas has been
going down significantly since last two decades due to lack
of proper disease management as per the feedback
received from the community during preparation of micro plan. For the management of the the
village level disease control system, 341 village veterinary volunteer have been promoted through
training on vaccination procedure, handling of drugs and treatment of common diseases etc.
a. Vaccination: 47440 animals benefiting 15474 households.
b. Castration: 3206 animals benefiting 1599 households.
c. Treatment of wound: 10351 animals benefiting 3317 households.
These village veterinary volunteers are earning an income of Rs.300 to Rs.1000 per month for giving
support to the community in livestock disease management.
4.3.2.1 Rearing of Improved Breed
8225 no. of improved animals of goat, poultry,
cow have been introduced by the projects
through SHGs. 45 bucks and seven bulls have
also been introduced in the programme areas.
The details of the breeds upgraded are
presented in the adjoining table. Further based
on these demonstrations and subsequent
exposure and capacity building on livestock as a livelihoods option, community members/ SHGs are
facilitated to up scale the activity. Accordingly, 147 women SHGs covering 1315 households
(including 1230 landless households) have purchased 5278 goat and sheep availing loan from the
Rural Financial Services. The annual average income of each household is Rs.3365/-. Similarly, 998
members from 164 women SHGs, including 306 landless households, have purchased 5909 poultry
birds availing loan from the Rural Financial Services. The average annual income of each household
from the poultry is Rs. 1185/-
Breed Up gradation of Animals
Number
Poultry Bird 2598
Duck 684
Goat & Sheep 4184
Cow 759
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Type of Livestock reared
Goat & Sheep
Poultry Bird
No. of Animals 5278 5909
SHGs Involved 147 164
Members Involved 1315 998
Landless Members Involved
1230 306
Average Income/ member
Rs. 3365/-
Rs. 1185/-
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
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4.3.2.2 Fodder Development
Fodder cultivation in an area of 88 ha have been promoted in the programme area. The different
fodder crops taken up are stylo, cowpea, berseem, oat, bajra hybrid, subabool.
4.3.2.3 Aquaculture
Potential for fish production is under tapped in the programme areas. In the mean time a number of
new water bodies have been created in the programme villages under Land & Water Management.
Care has been taken to identify potential farm ponds for fish production. The progress under
acquaculture is as follows:
• 111 women SHGs, have taken
up acquaculture in 151 tanks.
• Capacity Building of the 630
SHG members have been made
by resource persons of Govt.
fisheries dept. And KVK. On
an average 2 training
programme per tank has been conducted during the season. 9.21 Lakhs quality fish fry have
been released in the above 151 acquaculture tanks. This programme has also been linked
with RFS.
• In an average the group practicing fishery as a livelihoods option are earning Rs. 4000/- to
Rs. 5000/- per year besides their own consumptions of about 50% of their total harvet.
4.4 Rural Financial Services
About 3821 SHGs have been strengthened, covering 82% of households from the programme
villages under Phase I and II implementation. Special efforts have been made under the programme
to promote the SHGs through regular handholding support from facilitators and the volunteers
strengthened at the community level. Training on Book keeping and maintenance of accounts are
ongoing in a continuous process. Concept of rotational leadership has been appreciated by the
groups and is under practice. Six monthly gradation system is established to assess the strength and
Particulars 2009 2010
Water bodies used for Pisciculture
113 151
Groups involved in Psciculture 113 111
Average income per Group Rs.4955/- Rs.5000/-
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
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weakness of the SHGs and to provide need based capacity building inputs to bridge the gaps.
Exposure to different programme villages of Phase-I districts are being organized for cross learning.
Bank linkage is improving day by day with due facilitation from FNGO and district level authorities.
Adequate trainings and exposure visits have been organized to facilitate Income Generating
activities among the SHG members. The repayment status to bank and other funding agencies has
been improved. All SHGs have been provided with standard register for maintenance of books and
accounts at their level. Technical support under DFID TA was augmented by hiring M/s Access
Service Limited to streamline the activities under SHG promotion during 2009-10. The major focus
has been made to strengthen the SHG promotional issues along with strengthening the capacities of
SHG members/ SHG volunteer on record keeping and maintenance of accounts.
4.4.1 Coverage of households in
SHG
OTELP promotes holistic
development of tribal communities
based on an inclusive approach.
Each household in the programme
villages are the unit of
development. Formation of group not only promotes solidarity among the members to take up
different social issues it also empowers the women to participate in different developmental work in
a meaningful way.
Accordingly, more than 90% households have been
covered under the SHG fold in Phase I programme
villages and the total average of SHG coverage in all the
districts stands at 82%. Emphasis has been given to
cover the left over households in to SHG fold on
priority in all the programme blocks with more priority
in the Phase-II blocks of all programme districts.
Coverage of vulnerable households in the Phase-I
blocks is more than 90%.
Indicators Coverage % of
coverage
Number of SHGs formed / strengthened
3821 -
Cumulative Number of Households Covered in SHGs
45885 82
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Women SHG Members in a Monthly Meeting
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4.4.2 Group Processes & Internal Lending
Regularity of group meeting, internal saving and utilizing the savings to meet the requirement of the
group members through lending mechanism is an important attributes of effective functioning of
any group. Initially, it was observed
that many groups collected savings
from the members regularly but the
amount saved was either deposited in
bank or kept idle on their own cash
box. In view of above, lots of
facilitative inputs are augmented
through exposures, trainings and hand
holding support to improve on the
above parameters. Today the progress
in these sectors, though not very
encouraging but relatively satisfactory.
Overall regularity of meeting has been increased from less than 40% (bench mark) to about 84% at
the group level. Many groups also have started conducting meetings on weekly/ fortnightly basis.
Concept of rotational leadership has been appreciated by the groups. Till date, about 182 SHGs
have rotated their leadership. Besides about 35% SHG started rotation of leadership during weekly/
monthly meeting and the cash box and key is kept with different members on rotation.
The practices of regular savings by these groups are also very encouraging. Till date, total savings
available with the group has reached to Rs. 366.72 Lakhs, with an average of Rs. 9500/-- (approx.)
per group. In spite of strong facilitation, the progress under the internal lending among the SHGs is
not very encouraging. Very few SHGs in the programme villages have considerable satisfactory
internal lending mechanism, but largely it is still an area needing substantial improvement. However,
1886 SHGs have taken loan from the RFS fund available with VDCs. The rate of repayment of
these loans is about 25%. An amount of Rs. 405.97 Lakhs, particularly in the Phase I districts, have
been taken as loan by these SHGs.
Particulars Coverage
No of Groups conducting meeting regularly
3226
No of group following rotational leadership
182
No of Groups undertaking savings regularly
3226
Cumulative Savings Rs. 366.72 Lakhs
Average Savings per SHG Rs. 9597/-
No. of SHGs taking Loan from RFS 1886
% of Members of SHGs taking loan from these groups
49 %
Amount of Loan Taken by these groups from RFS Fund
Rs. 405.97 Lakhs
Per capita loan by SHGs Rs. 21525.00
Amount Repaid by these groups Rs. 103.86 Lakhs
Page | 50
4.4.3 Gradation Details
Gradation of groups is under taken on half yearly basis to evaluate the status of effective functioning
of the groups. Appropriate need based actions are being taken up based on the analysis of gradation
status of each SHG. This also helps the facilitators to monitor
the health of SHGs on individual basis.
The gradation status in the Phase I districts has been improved
remarkably. The NABARD gradation framework was taken up
with little modification to assess the group health on a periodic
basis. M/s PRADAN, the RNGO associated with OTELP in
strengthening SHG movement has developed the gradation framework in consultation with field
officials. The details of the different grades of the SHG assessed during 2009-10 are presented in the
above table.
4.4.4 Linkages with Financial Institutes
Indebtedness to local money lenders is one of the
most common features in the programme villages.
Villagers used to take loan from local money lender
at high rate of interest to meet the expenses for
festivals, marriages, and purchase of food, for
children education, meeting health problems,
attending the last rites and for small income
generating activities. In this regard, adequate facilitation has been made from ITDA and F.NGOs to
establish linkage with banks and other financial institutes and to reduce the role of money lenders.
Necessary safe guards have also been taken to take care of the issue of overfunding to the SHGs
from different financial institutes. While interacting with the bank officials, it is learnt that
repayment status from the programme villages is highly satisfactory.
4.4.5 Federation
Convergence has been established at the state, district and block level with Mission Shakti to
strengthen the SHG federation in the programme villages. Series of training has been organized at
Grade No. of SHG
Grade A 1206
Grade B 968
Grade C 336
Not Graded 1311
Total 3821
Linkage with Banks Rs. In Lakh
No. of SHGs linked with Bank
1666
Cumulative Fund Mobilization
495.54
Fund Mobilization during last year
140.86
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Page | 51
the village level by the staff of OTELP and Mission Shakti to promote SHG federation at the GP
level.
The objective of convergence with Mission Shakti is as below:
• The convergence would enable optimal coordination with the field level functionaries of ICDS department for combined efforts in facilitating the functioning of SHG intervention at the community level.
• Support from Mission Shakti Coordinators for sensitizing the groups on the benefit of the federation and in establishing the federation through the ICDS officials.
• Augmenting timely technical inputs and facilitation support for strengthening the federations.
• Ensuring the linkage of SHGs with bank, FFIs and other line department for different entrepreneurship related activities such as PDS, MDM, Grain Bank, Seed Bank etc.
• Augmenting capacity building input supports from Mission Shakti as and when required.
4.4.6 Book Keeping and Accounts Management
Quality Book keeping and Accounts Management has been identified as one of the area of concern
in the programme villages. In view of low level of literacy, the volunteers have been promoted as
book writer. Initiation has been taken to take up training of trainers on book keeping and
maintenance of records, to ensure at least one book writer in each village. Module on the above has
been prepared by ACCESS Development Services and trainings have been conducted by the
FNGOs. 195 SHGs are maintaining the records of their own and rest documents are being
maintained by the trained volunteers.
4.4.7 Income Generating Activities by SHGs
Self Help Groups in most of the programme villages have started to take care of social issues. Inter
group coordination has been established among
the SHGs to discuss the pertaining social issues
and to work out the possible solutions. Few
SHGs has taken up advocacy role for 100%
enrolment of children in the schools, effective
management of MDM, addressing the alcohol
problem, keeping the environment clean, ensuring
the effective functioning of Anganwadi Centre,
raising the awareness of health issues such as
institutional marriage, marriage above 18 yrs for
SHG Associated different Activities
Numbers
SHGs running MDM 259
SHGs running Grain Bank 242
SHGs running PDS 73
SHGs involved in Pisciculture activity
151
SHG involved in Collective Marketing
892
SHG involved in micro enterprise 1718
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Page | 52
women and 21 for male etc. More than 892 SHGs in the programme villages have also taken up
Collective Marketing activities on regular basis. 151 SHGs are taking up pisciculture activity, 1718
SHGs have been taken up various farm/ non farm income generating activities.
Benefit sharing of the profits of SHGs from the IGAs is done among the members. This year, 1034
SHGs have already shared profit among themselves..
4.4.8 Literacy drive
Based upon the observation of last Mission, efforts have been made to take up literacy drive for the
SHG members. Till date 293 events / programmes on adult literacy have been organized covering
about 9585 SHG members. Negotiation is on with different institutions to take up the literacy drive
on a long term basis.
4.4.9 Capacity Building Activities
Timely capacity building inputs and the hand holding
support has been augmented in regular interval to
promote the SHGs in desired direction. Training need
analysis for the SHGs have been made with due analysis
of the Gradation parameters on every six monthly basis.
4.4.10 Annual Audit
Annual audit of the registers and the books of account
maintained at the SHG level are taken up internally by the programme. The Finance Officer, ITDA,
PO (CB), MFO from ITDA and WDT (MF) and WDT (Soc Sc.) have been given the responsibility
of auditing each group. During the DFID TA support, Financial Support Assistants positioned were
also conducting these audits. Last year books of account of 766 SHGs have been internally audited.
4.4.11 Collective Marketing
In view of successful implementation of Collective Marketing initiative during the pilot phase in 56
programme villages, the district authorities from all four programme districts suggested for
continuity of support of M/s MART, Bhubaneswar. The members of JRM also endorsed the
proposal of up scaling the initiative to all programme villages. Later, with due consultation and
feedback from the district, the fresh ToR developed highlighting the sustainability aspects of
collective marketing. The new ToR developed, included the Replication of Collective Marketing,
Block / District No of Trainings
On SHG functioning and Management
3146
On IGP / BDP 776
Exposure Visits Made for SHGs
266
Page | 53
Cadre Promotion, Institution Building, Cluster Development, Capacity Building and
Documentation. The contract with MART was signed for two years on 15th October, 2007.
During the two years association of MART, all Phase-I programme villages were covered under
Collective Marketing. A detail product profile developed from all villages indicating the quantity of
products available, timing of harvest, surplus amount
etc. The villagers also exposed to different market
sites, interacted with traders from local hats, blocks,
districts and other terminal markets.
The local volunteers were capacitated to promote
collective marketing at the community level. 58 cadres
from the programme villages have been promoted.
Two clusters for tamarind and cashew has been developed in Paralakhemundi. Processing machines
for different products have been installed and made operational. Adivasi Bazar Market in
Tumudibandh block, Baliguda, Kandhmal has been strengthened as Secondary level institute to
facilitate marketing initiatives.
On the capacity building aspects, about 100 training programme and 60 exposure visits have been
organised for the village level members (SHG Volunteers, Cadres) and for the facilitative staffs of
OTELP from ITDA and F.NGOs. A booklet on Collective Marketing has been developed. To
strengthen the capacity building programme on Collective Marketing, flip book, flip chart, posters
etc. have been developed. Documentary film on the initiatives of Collective Marketing in English
has been developed.
During the association with MART ,about 32 products such as Niger, Custard, Cashew, Turmeric,
Jack fruit, Cowpea, Arher, Drum stick, Hill Broom, Karanja, Mahua, Ambula, Mango Jelly, Ragi,
Suan, Maize, beans etc. have been covered under collective marketing covering 315 villages. The
total turn over augmented through the Collective Marketing is about Rs. 3.45 Crores, where the total
incremental benefit comes to Rs. 30.00 Lakhs. More importantly, the concept of Collective
Marketing has been well grounded at the community level. SHGs and CIGs ensure collectivisation
of products and negotiate with the traders before selling the products. Batter has been completely
stopped and people start selling all the products through proper weighing system. First level value
addition is also in practiced.
Women SHG Members involved in Collective
Marketing
Page | 54
A web based Production and Market Information System (PMIS) for product mapping has been
developed with the support of MART, which will be linked to OTELP site shortly. This would
enable both the villagers to get information on availability of traders, price, location etc. Similarly,
the traders will able to know the quantity of products available, time of harvesting, cluster hub,
contact person. This initiative has been appreciated by ORMAS, TDCC the marketing agencies in
Orissa.
Page | 55
5. COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
INITIATIVES FUND
The programme has a thrust to cover the remotest villages of its operational blocks and districts, so
as to reach to the deprived communities and mainstream them with recent developments. Lack of
infrastructure in those villages is mostly due to its geographical situation and low population, which
does not qualify them for accessing the mainstream infrastructure programme implemented by the
Government. The Community Infrastructure Fund (CIF) tries to identify those gaps and create
essential community infrastructure at the village level having a direct relation with the livelihood of
the poor. The programme has developed a comprehensive guideline for the implementation of the
CIF component. This guideline profusely elaborates the scope of activities to be taken up under the
component, its implementation modalities, intuitional arrangements etc. Various activities taken up
during the programme period under CIF are presented below:
Sl. No. Activity Details Pre MTR I Post MTR I Grand Total
1 Drying Yard Nos. 11 66 77
2 Spring based Gravity Flow Water Supply
Nos. 0 91 91
3 Solar Electronic Workshop
Nos. 0 1 1
4 Village Road Up gradation
Mtr 0 6 6
5 ARC cum SHG Training Hall/ Knowledge Centre
Nos. 0 14 14
6 Grain Bank Nos. 0 2 2
7 SHG Shop Nos. 0 3 3
8 Market Yard Nos. 0 1 1
9 Poultry Farm Nos. 0 3 3
10 Solar Drier Nos. 0 1 1
11 Solar Light (including workshop)
Nos. 0 141 141
12 Solar Street Light Nos. 0 2 2
13 Toilet & Bathroom HH 0 4308 4308
14 Cowshed Nos. 0 1 1
15 Tamarind Deseeding/ Packaging Block
Nos. 0 1 1
16 Bathing Complex Nos. 0 1 1
Page | 56
17 Storage Water Tank/ Open Well
Nos. 0 42 42
18 Oil Extraction Mill Nos. 0 1 1
19 Work Shade Nos. 0 5 5
20 Storage Godwon Nos. 13 36 49
21 Threshing Platform Nos. 0 2 2
22 Village Drain Nos. 0 2 2
23 River Step Nos. 0 10 10
Similarly, the Development Initiatives Fund (DIF) provides the flexibility to the communities in
deciding innovative interventions and to upscale their successful experiences and learning. DIF is
also used by the communities in leveraging funds from other developmental programmes, bringing
in convergence. Besides, this also focuses on improving the quality of life for the rural poor
particularly women.
Based on the earlier recommendations by previous MTR and subsequent JRMs, the programme has
developed a guideline for selection and implementation of activities under this component. Broadly,
the activities to be financed from DIF have been separated into four categories.
a. Supplementary funding to other programme components. b. Experimenting and/ or upscaling innovative activities for livelihood.
c. Promotion of low cost, time & labour saving technologies for reduction of drudgery.
d. Support to the Vulnerable and Destitute Households living in the programme villages.
Initially (pre MTR I) the programme has utilized part of this fund in constructing storage structures
in the programme villages. Subsequently, based on the recommendation of the MTR I and after
preparation of the guideline for implementation of DIF, there has been ample clarity on the
component. Some of the key initiatives under these components are elaborated below.
Sl. No.
Activity Unit Total
1. Supplementary funding to other programme components
1 Drying Yard Nos. 23
2 Spring based Gravity Flow Water Supply Nos. 11
3 Poultry/ Goatary Farm Nos. 1
4 Storage Water Tank/ Open Well Nos. 2
5 Storage Godwon (30 Nos. before MTR I) Nos. 46
2. Experimenting and/or upscaling innovative activities for livelihoods
1 ARC cum SHG Training Hall/ Knowledge Nos. 37
Page | 57
Centre
2 Grain Bank Nos. 4
3 SHG Shop Nos. 3
4 Cowshed Nos. 2
5 Tamarind Deseeding/ Packaging Block Nos. 11
6 Oil Extraction Mill Nos. 5
7 Work Shade Nos. 13
8 Saloon/ Tailor Shop Nos. 4
9 Food Processing Unit (Rice/ Floor/ Pulses) Nos. 13
10 Bee Keeping Nos. 19
11 Cashew Processing Unit Nos. 6
12 Seed Bank Nos. 6
13 Drug Bank Nos. 2
14 Sanitary Napkin Unit Nos. 1
15 Silo Model Storage Bin Nos. 119
16 Medicinal Plant Unit Nos. 1
3. Promotion of low cost, time and labour saving technologies for reduction of drudgery
1 Toilet & Bathroom HH 1987
2 Leaf plate stitching Nos. 6
4. Support to the Vulnerable and Destitute Households living inside the village
1 Roofing of Landless HH HH 21
2 Support to the Poorest of Poor HH 618
3 Grocery Shop Nos. 9
4 Tribal Music Group Nos. 4
5 Sound Box and Generator Set Nos. 3
The immediate outcome
of the activities
implemented in Phase-I
villages under CIF and
DIF are as follows: (i)
120 villages have been
covered under gravity
flow piped water supply,
(ii) 85 villages have been
Output Indicators 2009 2010
Served with gravity flow piped drinking water 71 120
Covered under solar electrification (solar torch) 82 85
Covered with complete sanitation (individual toilet and bathroom)
63 115
Covered with storage facilities (community storage with drying facility)
93 119
Households covered with Total Sanitation (individual toilet and bathroom)
4613 6295
Vulnerable/ Destitute Household supported with livelihood activities
470 1284
(Source: Project MIS, 2010)
Page | 58
covered under solar electrification, (iii) 115 villages have been covered under total sanitation and (iv)
119 villages have been covered with community storage facility. 6295 households have been covered
under individual toilet and bathroom which is about 32% of the total phase I beneficiary households
and 1284 vulnerable and destitute households (which is about 41% of the total vulnerable/ destitute
households) have been supported with various livelihood activities.
5.1 Total Sanitation in the Programme Villages
Gram Vikas working as a FNGO in Th. Rampur Block of Kalahandi district being an expert in the
field of rural sanitation initiated the effort for covering
100% of their operational villages under total sanitation.
The initiation took a pace and 120 villages have been
covered under total sanitation programme benefiting
6295 household spread over Phase I districts including
other FNGOs. This is a very successful model of
convergence, where the communities have been
facilitated to augment funds from District Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM) and Rastriya
Gram Vikas Youjna (RGVY) to go for gravity flow piped water supply system to the village and
construction of individual toilets and bathrooms for every household. Most importantly in
construction of the individual toilet and bathroom the respective household has contributed more
than 50% of the total cost of construction which is about Rs. 4500.00.
This is an innovation which aims at improving the quality of life in the
programme villages by achieving complete sanitation and provision of safe drinking water at each
individual household level. Efforts are being made to popularise the intervention by exposing the
communities of other villages and motivate them to take up the activity in their respective village.
During next two years the programme has the projection to compete at least 50% of the programme
villages in both the phases. There are evidences from field that, during the last outbreak as well as
current outbreak of cholera in Kalahandi district, the impact of total sanitation was clearly visible in
those villages.
Toilet and Bathroom with tap water supply at
Kalahandi district
Page | 59
5.2 Solar Electrification Workshop
Under Development Initiative Fund, four tribal women of Tingnaput village of Koraput district
were trained and promoted as barefoot solar engineer from NIRD, Hyderabad. Those women were
successfully installed the solar lighting system in their village and the whole village consisting of 40
households are now getting lighting in the evening which helped them doing livelihood activities
during evening. Besides, the children of the village are now able to read during evening and women
are cooking food as a result of these illumination. This has not only improved the quality of life of
the inhabitants of the Tinganput village but also created demand for electrification in nearby villages.
Looking into the opportunity of upcoming demand for the solar electrification the trained barefoot
solar engineers have started to assembling the solar torches in their village and have no far sold
about 75 units during the year with a profit of about Rs.300.00 per torch. Further indent of 3000
units is lying with them. To upscale the initiative, the programme has taken efforts in providing
training to women members from other programme areas to learn the technical knowhow of
assembling the solar panels/lanterns. The training of first batch covering 8 women has been
completed and they are ready to upscale the innovation in their village.
The PSU undertook a study on assessing the feasibility of up scaling of the solar intervention
through the support of DFID TA. The agency named M/s CITRAN was assigned with the job and
the report is ready with practical recommendations of up-scaling the initiatives. Besides, the
programme has facilitated the implementation of Remote Village Electrification Programme (RVEP)
in 12 villages of Kalandi district, where beneficiary families have been provided with home lighting
system and street lights in their villages, with 100% subsidy and 5 years of maintenance warranty
from OREDA. The dialogue with OREDA is continuing to up-scale to all those villages which are
not eligible for Rajib Gandi Grameen Bidyut Karan Yojna (RGGBY) of Government of India and
Biju Jyoti Yojna (BJY) of Government of Orissa.
Other activities like grain bank, knowledge/ information centres, work shades, food processing
units, support to the vulnerable households, shops/ shopping complex for SHGs, bee keeping,
poultry farming for poor etc have been taken up under CIF and DIF adhering to the operational
guidelines for the same.
Page | 60
6. SUPPORT FOR POLICY INITIATIVES
Land to landless and homestead land to homestead less households have been the major
components of empowerment. With the active Support and assistance of the Revenue and Disaster
Management Department, Govt. of Orissa, ITDAs in the field along with FNGOs are facilitating
for providing land to landless under various existing schemes and Acts of the Govt. of Orissa such
as OPLE Act, OGLS Rule, Vasundhara and Mo Jami Mo Dhia scheme. Besides, the project
facilitated the communities in getting land rights under Forest Rights Act (FRA). The objective is to
cover 14369 absolute landless households of the programme villages within the project period. The
programme has facilitated to expedite the implementation of Forest Rights Act for settlement of
forest lands by providing hand held GPS of the sub-collectors of the programme areas along with
financial assistance to engage additional hands preferably retired RIs and Amins. During the period,
7479 families have received 8132.513 acres land under FRA.
Further, with the existing provisions of Govt of Orissa, 589.068 acres of land have
been settled with 647 families under OPLE Act and 1103.38 acres of land have been settled with
1512 families under OGLS Rules. Under the Vasundhara Scheme, 2328 families have been provided
with 102.606 acres of homestead Land and 27 families with 11.98 acres through Mo Jami Mo Dhia
scheme. Out of 14369 no. of absolute landless households on the programme area, more than 60%
households have been settled with agricultural and homestead land. The district wise allocations,
scheme wise allocation of land are presented in the table at next page.
The project had undertaken two studies to assess the impact of land allocation under FRA and
Vasundhara Scheme to the landless families. These studies have recommended for development of
the FRA plots as well as homestead plot of these families as integrated agriculture based livelihoods
model. The same is being taken care through convergence.
Pa
ge6
2
F6.1 Opertionalisation of 10 to 30 degree slope survey and settlement: a historic transaction
• OTELP is working in 30 blocks of seven districts of Orissa namely, Koraput, Kalahandi,
Gajapati, Kandhamal, Nawrangpur, Malkanagiri and Rayagada since 2004095 in a phased
manner. The total families covered under the programme are 56180 living in 1034 villages.
The schedule tribe and schedule caste families are more than 95% of the total beneficiary.
14369 families are a landless family who does not have any land under their ownership.
However, more than 75% of the household does not have one standard acre of land.
• Programme loan agreement in its schedule I para 6 indicated for settlement of un-surveyed
land to the landless family in the programme villages and also identifying and triggering land
dispute cases laying in various court of law.
• Co-ordination Committee under the chairmanship of Principal secrecy to Govt. Forest and
Environment Department on its meeting dated 2nd September 2006, decided to move to the
Revenue and Disaster Management Department for settlement of land in favour of landless
family under existing provision of OPLE Act and OGLS Rules. Further, the committee also
decided to setup a survey and settlement unit at every programme district attached to the
respective ITDA for starting the survey and settlement work in the programme villages.
• Based on the above recommendation, the Revenue and Disaster Management Department
organized a meeting on 01.11.2006 with PD, OTELP, Director, Settlement and
Consolidation and decided to constitute 10 surveys and settlement unit to be positioned with
PA, ITDA in the 10 programme blocks under Phase I implementation.
• The Director, Land Records and Surveys informed vide his letter no.2197 dated 24.03.2007
the suggestion of the Member, Board of Revenue, Cuttack, to prepare a detail project report
indicating the list of villages district wise proposed for survey, approximate area in each of
the villages, extent of land currently classified as forest and available within the proposed
area for resurvey in each of the village, technology to be adopted, requirement of manpower,
time period for completion of the project etc.
• In continuation to the above decisions, the Revenue and Disaster management Department
notified 392 villages under Phase-I implementation on 31st August 2007 for special survey
and settlement through hi-tech survey instruments and advised the Director, Land Records
to furnish the technical specification for procurement of the GPS and ETS system to PD,
OTELP as per the decision made in the SLPMC meeting held on 27.10.2006.
Page | 63
• The Revenue and Disaster Management Department vide letter no. 29774, dated 28.07.2007
constituted a technical committee for selection of technology to be adopted for special
survey under OTELP. The team was taken up a study of ongoing high tech survey operation
in Andra Pradesh and proposed the technical specification.
• Further, the Revenue & Disaster Management Department issued a letter vide no. 24571
dated 05.06.2008, to the Collectors of Phase I implementing districts to expedite the steps
for settlement of Govt. lands with eligible landless tribal families under the provisions of
OGLS/ OPLE Act/ Rules in OTELP programme villages even if such land is of more
than10 degree slope, pending the survey/ settlement operation in these areas.
• Based on the recommendation of the above mentioned meetings, and study by the technical
team, the Director, Land Records & Surveys & Consolidation sent the technical specification
for procurement of DGPS, ETS & related software vide his letter no. 3093 dated 10th May,
2008.
• Based on the technical specification proposed by the Director, Land Records, the PSU
advertised the “Tender Call Notice” with a closing date of 26.08.2008. Two companies was
applied for the bid and the technical committee evaluated their documents and suggested to
open the technical bids of only one firm. The committee also recommended to open the
commercial bid of the same as the firm qualified the technical evaluation. Further the
technical committee observed the field demonstration by the firm and qualified the agency
for procurement with the quoted price with an approval from the next higher authority as it
was only one qualified bid.
• The IFAD did not approve the procurement mentioning that the procedure followed for
procurement is not as per the IFAD procurement guideline and sent a bid document
template to re-advertise the whole process.
• Again the re-advertisement for procurement was done on with the last date of receipt of bid
on 30.09.2009 and subsequently procedures were followed for the procurement and the
technical committee fianlised the firm for procurement which was gain sent to IFAD for
approval. On 06.05.2010 through email the Country Programme Manager of IFAD, India
disagreed for the procurement mentioning less availability of funds under the loan category
Vehicles, Equipment & Materials and suggested to do it on hire basis.
Page | 64
• SLPMC has approved the proposal for sending request for proposal to IFAD and the same
is under way’
6.2 Focused Intervention for Land to Landless
The PSU has signed MoU with RDI, an international NGO with registered office in India, for
allocation of land to landless to ensure it as a focused intervention under the programme. This has
been designed based on the two studies undertaken during 2009-10 with the support from DFID
TA. These studies reveal that nearly 41% of the families in 43 villages of 20 GPs of Phase I districts
were not having rightful ownership to the land on which they are residing. To tackle this problem,
the detailed collaborative plan with RDI has been prepared and MoU signed to cover all the 30
blocks of OTELP operational area. The aim of this collaboration is to ensure that no landless family
will be there in OTELP operational area by 2012. It is a collaboration without any financial
implication to the project. Both the parties will use their own resources and OTELP will meet the
investments meant for the capacity building of the community resource persons and specialized
human resources for execution of the MoU. The SLPMC on its 13th meeting held on 21.09.2010 has
approved the collaboration.
6.3 Special interventions for PTGs
Based on the recommendation of the previsou JRM, the PSU has initiated a collaborative effort for
focused intervention in the PTGs programme villages covering the Bonda, Lanjia Soura and Kutia
Konda tribe. This initiation will converge the resources and efforts being made by the Government
for the development of the PTGs.
The PSU organized a meeting with the Director of SC&ST Development Department, Director of
State ST & SC Training and Research Institute and the project officers of these three micro projects
on 29th September, 2010. This meeting has resulted in specific activities for these tribes as follows:
a. Ensuring the enrolment of the PTGs children below 14 years of age with a provision of
financial incentives to their parents.
b. Capacity building of the youth members of these communities to promote them as
contractors for various government works, as no outside contractors is applying for any job
because of LWE effect.
c. Development of the lands settled to these families under FRA.
Page | 65
d. Development of Multi Purpose Centers for effective running of ICDS Centre, PDS Shops
etc.
e. 100% seed replacement in all these villages.
f. Development of Eco Tourism in PVTG Areas.
g. Skill up-gradation of youth members of PVTG.
h. Photo identify cards and PDS card to all PVTG families.
Besides, tribe specific action plan has also been prepared and circulated to the special offices and
ITDAs for implementation of the collaboration.
Page | 66
7. FOOD HANDLING
WFP has been supporting the project in terms of food grains which are paid to the beneficiaries as a
part of the wage payment. The support has been yielding good results in terms of addressing the
larger issue of food security in the programme villages. The beneficiaries are receiving one unit of
food grain as a part of the wage payment which includes 3 kg of rice with a subsidized price of
Rs.10.00 per unit. The funds generated out of this are deposited in the village account known as
Village Development
Fund. The VDF will be a
corpus fund available
with the village to be used
for the post project
management/
maintenance purpose.
Moreover, the WFP food
part has been very
popular among the
project beneficiaries and could able to influence the food habit of the people with nutritional
supplementation. The detail of the food grains received and utilized during project period is
presented in the above Table The arrangement made last year for lifting and transportation of the
food grains through TDCC has been working well and the lifting of food grain from FCI depot and
making transportation to the VDC point are being made very effectively.
Making an analysis of the above data it can be observed that the average days of wage engagement
per participating household are 34, 73, 133,
120 and 143 days for 2006-07, 2007-08,
2008-09 and 2009-10 respectively. Taking
these figures it can be calculated that the
average availability of food grains per
household in the programme villages are
about 105, 222 and 360 kgs for the
respective years. Assuming the
Food Grains Utilized in MT
No of Wage days created
Avg. no. of workers hired per month
Year
Rice Pulses Male Female Male Female
2005-06 73.327 5.007 17624 12123 511 372
2006-07 810.931 48.669 194623 129749 2570 1875
2007-08 1859.873 105.625 389310 354637 3062 2517
2008-09 4572.757 0 622453 594967 5274 4908
2009-10 3807.797 0 609702 569438 4240 3980
Source: Project MIS, March, 2010
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consumption rate at 2 kg per household, there is thus an increase of food secured months from 3 to
6 months from 2006-07 to 2009-10. Comparing these figures with the baseline, it can be highlighted
that the gap in food availability of the communities has been significantly reduced through support
of the WFP food grains. This has also been validated through the impact assessment conducted
during the year 2009.
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8. Programme Management
8.1 Monitoring & Evaluation
The programme has institutionalized methods for the monitoring of the output, outcome and
impact of the programme activities. All tools have designed in a manner to ensure community
participation in the local governance system. The details of the tools are explained below:
a. Simplified Record Keeping at the grass root level organizations such as SHG, VLSC &
VDC:
• Standardized set of documents/ registers has been designed and provided to the
village institutions for recording of the events related to the programme
implementation, its processes, outputs and expenditures thereof.
• These documents primarily record the accounting of funds received and spent,
inventory, minutes of the meeting, activities undertaken, benefits realized etc.
• Standardized case records are being maintained by the VLSCs to record the interim
progress and decisions made by the community during the implementation of the
activity. This simplifies the ease of use of documentation processes for the
communities and contributes to an effective governance system.
b. Voucher Based Monitoring System
• This is a simple tool innovated under the programme and adopted since 2007 (post
Phase I MTR), to record and report the expenditures incurred in each month at each
expenditure unit i.e. VLSC, VDC etc.
• Expenditures at village level are mostly in regards to purchase of material for any
activity or payment of wages.
• Each payment made for purchase of material generates a voucher indicating the
material purchased, from whom, amount and for which activity (related to a
standardized case record maintained for each activity).
• Each payment made to labourers generates a muster roll indicating the number of
labourers worked, period, no of days, work done and amount.
• The tool enables the community to make entry of all the paid vouchers and muster
rolls into a simple format indicating the voucher/ muster roll no., the case record no.
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to which the payment belong, name of the activity, component, amount paid, date of
payment, weather payment made in shape of check/ cash and whom to paid.
• All the entries are summed up in the report and the final figure along with the related
documents (case record) are presented before the Village Social & Financial Audit
Committee which is the Palli Sabha of the Village for approval of the expenditures
made in each month from 22nd to 25th of each month.
• On approval of the same the original and duplicate copy (generated using carbon
paper) sent to the VDC keeping the triplicate for record.
• The VDC receives the reports from each village within the micro watershed and
consolidates the expenditures against each programme component and reports to the
FNGO and ITDA.
• Accordingly the FNGO and ITDA only consolidate the information and add the
expenditure incurred at their level and submit the reports.
• All these expenditure reports are being accepted as utilization certificate of the funds
spent.
c. Physical Progress Reporting (Output & Outcome reporting)
• The FNGOs and ITDAs prepare Half Yearly Progress Reports against the Annual
Work Plan & Budget for the year presenting the outputs achieved during the period
and cumulative achievement.
• Besides, the ITDAs based on these reports, prepares Half yearly and Annual
Performance Report which is an output linked outcome report presenting the change
in various physical indicators for both RIMS and logframe.
d. Participatory Process Monitoring System
• The learning from the piloting and
subsequent fine tuning of the
Participatory Process Monitoring, the
tool has been instutionalised and being
observed by the community members
in each programme village of OTELP.
• Highly popular among the community
members as they celebrate the event in
Participatory Process Monitoring, Sindhiba,
Gajapati
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every six month with a name of “SAMISKHA SAPTAHA” (Evaluation Week).
• For ease of use by the community members the process related parameters have
been translated into Oriya language and printed in a booklet format.
• For further simplification and better understanding by the illiterate community
members IEC material i.e. poster has been designed and pasted in each programme
village for communicating the concept and methodology to the communities.
• Set of facilitators selected from ITDAs and FNGOs have been trained on a regular
basis and effectively facilitate the process during the observation of “SAMIKHA
SAPTAHA”.
• The process has not only involves the communities to directly participate in the
evaluation process for ranking their performance against different parameters but
also empowers them in creating awareness regarding various processes followed for
implementation and also about different Govt. and other programme being
implemented for them.
• This involves evaluation of
processes on seven thematic
areas of monitoring i.e.
Institutional aspect,
Organization of community,
Project Management, Participatory implementation & monitoring, Financial aspect,
Capacity Building of different stakeholder, Empowerment centered plan.
• Based on the results the performance of VDCs have been evaluated and ranked
based on the evaluation of the critical parameters. The results for last two events
conducted during October 2008 and May 2009 are presented in the above table.
e. Concurrent Evaluations
• Two times Joint Review Mission per year conducted by IFAD along with DFID &
WFP.
• Mid Term Review two times in the project period i.e. on completion of 3rd year and
7th year.
Oct-08 May-09 Category
VDC % VDC %
Green (Above Average) 35 26 42 31
Yellow (Average) 50 37 60 44
Red (Below Average) 40 30 33 24
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• Objective to Purpose Review (OPR) was conducted by the PSU for the year 2005-
06, 2006-07, 2007-08 and is being conducted for the year 2009-10 as per the
requirement of DFID, New Delhi.
8.2 Web Based M&E Software
The development of the M&E Software is completed and under implementation at the PSU,
OTELP. All the MIS Executives from the ITDAs have been received orientations in phased manner
conducted by the PSU and CES, Kolkota. Based on the feedback from the initial orientation
programme, the fine-tuning of the software is being made remotely by the CES. The Web Server has
been setup and is under operation in the PSU for the M&E Software and the access to the software
have been made through the OTELP website. The users are now accessing the software remotely
from the website. Besides, the remote supports to the ITDAs are being provided by the CES from
Kolkota and by PSU from Bhubaneswar. The master data entries have been completed in all the
master databases directly at the PSU level. The ITDAs have also completed the master data entry of
the village master database, watershed master database and GP master database. The household
survey data of Phase I and II programme villages are being fed by means of bulk posting of data
from MS Excel to SQL Server through data conversion method.
8.3 Implementation of RIMS Impact Survey
RIMS Impact Survey has been taken up in the programme villages of Phase I and Phase II under
Phase I programme districts. The PO (PM&E), PO (CB) of ITDAs and WDT (Social Science) of
both Phase I and II FNGOs were oriented on the survey methodology and questionnaire along with
how to undertake anthropometric survey using the RIMS equipments received from IFAD on 9th
September 2008. On completion orientation programme the respective WDT (Social Science)
member of FNGO conducted the survey along with the Community Mobilizer in the sample
villages. The impact survey questionnaire and anthropometric survey was administered to 1150
sample households in 23 clusters by the surveyors. In all the sample villages the household and
anthropometric survey has been completed and the data collected during the survey are kept at the
ITDA level for entering into the RIMS software. As regards to the receipt of the RIMS software,
Mr. Shaheel Rafique, ISS, ICP, IFAD, New Delhi has communicated that the updated software is
available in the IFAD website. The same has already been downloaded and provided to the MIS
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Executives of ITDAs. As informed by Mr. Rafique, the software has undergone some modification
over the previous version.
Besides, the programmes prepares RIMS report for each year and submit it to the IFAD country
office. This is being prepared from the MIS data collected from the field and consultative meetings
with the field units.
8.4 Revision of Programme Logframe
The first Phase MTR has made a revision of the programme logframe during September 2006 based
on their evaluation. Subsequently the Joint Review Missions were also recommended for making a
revision on the programme logframe based on the observations by organising consultative
workshops with the FNGOs and ITDA. Based on these recommendations, the PSU with the
support from DFID TA through PST organised the consultative workshop for making revision of
the programme logframe. PST has engaged M/s Sambodhi, New Delhi for facilitating the process
and the FNGO Representatives and selected SMS from the ITDAs attended the workshop along
with the staff of PSU. Ms. Supriya Pattnaik, State Representative, DFID, Orissa has also attended
the workshop. The total process completed in two events, one on 8th April, 2009 and second was on
19th June, 2009. The revised logframe has been adopted by the programme
8.5 Impact Assessment
The sixth meeting of the Programme Steering Committee (PSC) chaired by the Chief Secretary and
Chief Development Commissioner, Orissa advised to conduct an evaluation of the programme
implementation in the Phase I operational areas to assess the impact of the programme
interventions on the programme beneficiaries. The PSU initiated the process and requested the PST
to engage an independent agency through DFID TA funds for conducting an Impact Assessment of
the implementation of Phase I programme areas. The PST through a bidding process invited
Expression of Interest (EOI) and subsequently Technical and Financial Proposal from shortlisted
agencies. The technical committee comprising of members of PSU and PST evaluated the proposals
and recommended two agencies for participate in financial evaluation. The PST did the financial
evaluation and subsequent negotiation with the agencies and finalized the agency to be selected. M/s
Sambodhi, New Delhi selected in the process and started the Impact Assessment in the four Phase I
programme districts for Phase I programme area. M/s Sambodhi conducted the inception workshop
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on 19th September 2009 at Bhubaneswar where all the FNGO Representatives of Phase I and the
selected ITDA Subject Matter Specialist attended along with the PSU Officials. The DFID State
Representative Ms. Supriya Pattnaik had also attended the workshop. During the workshop the
methodology, tool and indicators for evaluation were finalized. Subsequently, the agency has started
the field study in the selected sample villages of Phase I. During the stake holders workshop of
previous Joint Review Mission, the agency made a presentation of the initial findings of the study.
The final report was finalized on a stakeholders workshop conducted on 5th February, 2010. The
report has been submitted to the MTR separately.
8.6 Financial Management
In line with the recommendations of earlier Supervision Missions various steps has been taken to
strengthen the Financial Management of OTELP including all the ITDAs operating under OTELP.
Major areas of improvement are as follows:
a. Appointment of Finance Officers (FOs):
Finance Officer has been appointed for all the ITDAs. As per the recommendation of the
Supervision Mission, a Chartered Accountant has been appointed as CFO at PSU level.
b. Maintenance of Records:
Independent records are maintained at different ITDA and PSU as recommended by earlier
Supervision Missions. Separate Balance-sheet Income and Expenditure, Receipt and
Payment Account with all relevant schedules ITDA wise and a consolidated Balance-sheet
Income and Expenditure, Receipt and Payment Account of OTELP forms part of the
Audited Statement of Accounts. To make the Audited Statement of Accounts more
informative necessary notes on all important matters has been included in the Audited
Statement of Accounts for the Financial Year 2009-10.
c. Reconciliation:
During the year 2009-10, all the Bank Accounts numbering around 550 maintained at VDC
and VLSC level has been reconciled during the year. Similarly, Cash and Bank Balance as per
ITDA records has been reconciled with the records maintained at VDC and VLSC level.
The anomalies in the form of short / excess booking of expenditure has been thoroughly
scrutinized, necessary accounting entries passed in the year 2009-10.
Balance with FNGOs has also been reconciled and balance confirmation certificates
obtained.
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d. World Food Programme:
Food-grains received under WFP and consumption of food-grains since inception till 31st
March, 2010 has been accounted for in the year 2009-10.
e. Beneficiary Contribution:
During the year 2008-09, necessary accounting has been made to reflect beneficiary
contribution since inception till 31st March, 2009. Similarly, beneficiary contribution during
the year 2009-10 has been accounted for in the year 2009-10.
f. Village Development Fund:
The total amount of VDF deposited in VDF Account at VDC and VLSC level has been
reflected as by way of a note in the Audited Statement of Accounts.
g. Source and Application of Funds:
Source and Application of funds since inception to 31st March, 2010 has been included as
Annexure to the Audited Statement of Accounts in the year 2009-10.
As desired by IFAD, India Country Office, we enclose programme component wise funding
since inception till 31st March, 2010 based on Audited Expenditure figures.
h. Internal Audit:
As per recommendation of earlier Supervision Missions Firm of Chartered Accountants has
been engaged for Internal Audit of four old ITDAs during the year 2009-10.
We have already submitted Audited Statement of Accounts for the Financial Year 2009-10
of IFAD, India Country Office.
There is a visible improvement which can be noticed due to the various administrative
measures taken based on the recommendation of various Supervision Missions and our own
findings. However, there are some areas where further improvement is required and
management has taken necessary steps in this direction. We have also taken necessary steps
for reconciliation of funds generated at OTELP (VDC / VLSC level)which includes village
development fund and funds released under Rural Financial Service and expect that
necessary reconciliation will be completed within the current year.
There had been some misunderstanding about the SoE Claims which OTELP submitted
based on release of funds to different ITDAs and not based on actual expenditure.
However, as per the instructions of IFAD, India Country Office, the claims submitted for
the Financial Year 2009-10 are based on Audited Expenditure figures.
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We have analyzed the impact of SoE which were based on release of funds to ITDA and not
based on actual expenditure and it is found that as on date although the total claim amount
was more compared to the claim amount that should have been if the same were based on
actual audited expenditure but as per our analysis of the claim vis-à-vis reimbursement, it is
observed that although excess claim has been made but the release figure as on date are
within the eligible amount of claim based on actual expenditure. The claims made by us
against claim no. 1 and 3 to 12 has been reimbursed, Claim no. 13 has been rejected and 14
and 15 are withheld and at IFAD level as per records of CAAA. MTR may discuss on the
issue for final settlement.
The Statutory Auditors, Internal Auditors and the Financial Review Mission has expressed
their concerns on the Book Keeping at VDC / VLSC level and at FNGO level. To improve
the Financial Management and Record Keeping, it has now been decided to engage
additional Finance Assistant at ITDAs and FNGOs. Accordingly, two Finance Assistant
through Service Provider has been sanctioned by SLPMC to be engaged in the four old
ITDAs and one each in the new three ITDAs. SLPMC has also approved engagement of
Finance Person / Accountant at the level of FNGO to be recruited by them for necessary
capacity building of the persons responsible for maintenance of account at VDC / VLSC
level.
8.7 Year wise Financial Progress
Financial Year
Approved AWP&B
Exp. As per audited account
2003-04 4.00 4.38
2004-05 4.00 57.96
2005-06 1016.97 273.07
2006-07 3588.76 1209.69
2007-08 4184.45 2231.35
2008-09 5013.16 3982.07
2009-10 5358.9 4214.42
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8.8 Financial Progress by Components
Expenditure As On 31/03/2010
(AUDITED) Amt. in Rs. Lakhs
Sl.
No
Programme Component
Programme Benificiary
Contribution
TOTAL
1 Programme Management 1097.12 0.00 1097.12
2 Capacity Building For Empowerment 1637.89 1.29 1639.19
3 Livelihood Enhancement 6377.29 624.56 7001.85
4 Participatory Forest Management 409.43 31.39 440.82
5 Support for Policy Initiatives 2.73 0.00 2.73
6 Community Infrastructure fund 518.59 82.29 600.88
7 Development Initiative Fund 288.02 15.05 303.07
8 WFP Food Consumption 1513.14 0.00 1513.14
9 Food Handling 128.72 0.00 128.72
TOTAL Expenditure In Rs. 11972.94 754.58 12727.52