Incorporating Disaster Resilience d land Environmental Design in 

Building CodesBuilding Codes 

Asst. Prof. Atch Sreshthaputra. Ph.D.Asian Institute of Technology

Chulalongkorn University

Positive V.S. NegativePositive V.S. Negative

“L” negative impact“Q” positive impact (Functional, Health, Safety, Aesthetic, etc.)

Emission of Air‐pollutants

ResourceConsumption, Air pollutants,

Noise, Heatetc.

p ,Embodied CO2

Emission, etc.

Building & SiteSite BoundarySoil, Water‐pollutants etc.

2

Green BuildingsGreen Buildings• Structure that has been built using process that is g penvironmentally responsible and resource‐efficient throughout a building's life‐cycle (design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition)

• ObjectiveObjective– Efficiently uses energy, water, and other resources– Protects occupant healthProtects occupant health– Reduces waste, pollution and environmental degradationg

Assessment Tools of Building Environmental Performances around the World

4

GREEN BUILDING ASSESSMENT TOOLSGREEN BUILDING ASSESSMENT TOOLS

LEED & Energy Star (U.S.A.) GOBAS (China)

BREEAM (U.K.)

CASBEE (Japan)

GBCC (Korea)

HKBEAM (Hong Kong)

Green Star (Australia) Green Mark (Singapore)

ESCALE (France)

Green Building Tool (Canada)

Green Index (Malaysia)

TEEAM (Thailand)g ( )

LOTUS (Vietnam)

( )

PCD (Thailand)

TGBI (Thailand)5

USGBC LEEDUSGBC LEED

Energy Complex: LEED (Platinum)

6

GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS USED IN THAILAND

Site & Landscape

Water Conservation

Energy Conservation

M t i l & RMaterials & Resources

Indoor Environmental Quality

Community, Context & Culture7

Energy Labelinggy gThailand Energy & Environmental Assessment 

Method

The Ministry of Energy Chulalongkorn University

Method

The Ministry of Energy. Chulalongkorn University

8

GREEN GOVERNMENT BUILDING GREEN GOVERNMENT BUILDING

ROADMAPROADMAP

Roadmap to Green Government Bldgs.

• 750 Buildings in 5 years

Bldgs.

• 750 Buildings in 5 years• PCD rating system• Staff Training Programg g• Technical assistant• BudgetP• Procurement

• Building Upgrade• New Building ControlNew Building Control 

10

THAILAND GREEN BUILDING INSTITUTE

Established By Established By

ASA & EIT

LEED Thai Green Bldg Inst (TGBI)LEED Thai Green Bldg Inst. (TGBI)

1. Building Management

1 Sustainable Site 2 Site & Landscape1. Sustainable Site 2. Site & Landscape

2. Water Efficiency 3. Water Conservation

3. Energy & Atmosphere 4. Energy & Atmospheregy p gy p

4. Materials & Resources 5. Materials & Resources

5. Indoor Environmental Quality 6. Indoor Environmental Quality

6. Innovation 7. Innovation

Issues & SolutionsIssues & Solutions • Some companies are using environmental• Some companies are using environmental friendly materials and/or environmental friendly design and construction processdesign and construction process

H t ff ti it i “ l t ”• However not effective as it is “voluntary”• And it lacks of “verification”.

• To make it effective have to integrate it into o a e t e ect e a e to teg ate t tobuilding codes and have to ensure high compliance rate of building codesp g

What governs the design, construction and maintenance of buildings?and maintenance of buildings?

Building CodesBuilding Codes• A set of rules and standards that specify the 

i i t bl l l f f t fminimum acceptable level of safety for constructed objects such as buildings and nonbuilding structuresnonbuilding structures. 

• Traditional purpose is to protect public:– HealthHealth– Safety

• For sustainable development this is not enoughFor sustainable development this is not enough• Has to consider –

– Disaster resilienceDisaster resilience– Environmental design

AIT and UN ESCAP ProjectAIT and UN ESCAP Project• Conduct study to: 

– Determine ways in which environmental design and disaster resilience can be integrated both 

ti ll ( t l l ) dvertically (across government levels) and horizontally (across construction sectors) in codes that govern the planning, design and construction a go e e p a g, des g a d co s uc oof buildings in urban areas.

Vertically – national, provincial, municipalHorizontally – construction, mechanical, structural, heating, 

il i fiventilation, roofing etc.

Methodology• Make building codes that has integrated d l d l d

Methodology

disaster resilience and environmental design applicable to the Asia Pacific region

I ti f d i i d t ti• Incentives for designing and constructing disaster resistant and environmentally friendly buildings in the Asia Pacific region

Reference CountriesReference Countries• USA

– International Green Construction Code (March 2012)

• Material resource conservation and efficiency• Material resource conservation and efficiency• Energy conservation and efficiency • Water resource conservation and efficiency

• Singapore– Code for Environmental Sustainability of 

BuildingsBuildings• Energy efficiency• Water efficiency 

A t li• Australia– Building Code of Australia

• Environmental design is practiced in the country

Structure of Singapore’s Building Regulations/Codes

Red Codes – Climate Induced Disaster ResilienceGreen Codes – Environmental Sustainability y

Sample Codes from Singapore Building CodeSample Codes from Singapore Building Code

• Code for Environmental Sustainability of BuildingsCode for Environmental Sustainability of Buildings– Construction Codes

M ffi i t concrete usage for building components• More efficient concrete usage for building components• Products with at least 30% recycled content by weight or volume (applicable only to non‐structural elements)or volume (applicable only to non‐structural elements)

• Building layout design that utilizes prevailing wind conditions to achieve adequate cross ventilationconditions to achieve adequate cross ventilation

– Mechanical Code• Use of software analysis and simulation to optimize theUse of software analysis and simulation to optimize the capacity and sizing of the air‐conditioning system of dwelling units to achieve energy savings.

Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability in Singapore Code

• Disaster Resiliency• Disaster Resiliency – Integrated to a small extent– Within the performance requirement category “Structural Design and Construction”

E i t l S t i bilit• Environmental Sustainability– Have been well integrated– Within the performance requirement category “Energy Efficiency”gy y

Target CountriesTarget Countries• Bangladesh

– Bangladesh National Building Code• No emphasis on environmental design or disaster resilience 

• India• India – Indian Standards

• Not known for environmental design• Philippines 

– National Building Code of the PhilippinesN k f i l d i• Not known for environmental design

• Thailand– Design Code for ThailandDesign Code for Thailand

• Not known for environmental design

Status of the ProjectStatus of the Project

• Project is ongoing• Expected to be completed in February 2012Expected to be completed in February 2012