POLYCITY building management - Stuttgart...

zafh.net

zentrum für angewandte forschung an fachhochschulennachhaltige energietechnik

Building management and Online simulation of buildings

Prof. Dr. Ursula Eicker

University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart

Research Centre Sustainable Energy Technologies zafh.net

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Energy consumption control in Building Management Systems

1. BMS � Building and energy supply system controlOnly in some cases: � Monitoring of energy consumption

2. Problem of simple energy consumption monitoring:

� Consumption depends on ambient temperature, solar irradiation, user behaviour

� Only obvious system faults are detectable

3. Energy management methods: passive monitoring, active “manual” decision making

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Model based monitoring and control

Active Energy management with improved fault detection and improving control strategies

Bring simulation from the planning phase into the operation phase “Hardware – in – the loop” testing of controllers

Applications buildings

Optimisation of control strategy�Room comfort control: Simulate switch on/off times of

heaters/coolers�Simulate passive night cooling times using predictive control�Optimise heating/cooling strategies using weather forecast

Application energy supply plants

�Detection of “hidden” system faults like slow degradation or mismatching control parameters

Question: Static/dynamic models, detail of modelling

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• PV-Systems educational office building in Southampton, UK and training centre in La Tour des Salvagny, France

Example Online Simulation and monitoring of photovoltaic plants

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Time in seconds from 12am / s

DC power / W

measured power

difference simulated - measured power

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Example Project 1st EM implementation: Cityhall Scharnhauser Park

Building description:

•Completed end of 2003

•4186 m² heated floor area

•Low energy standard 41 kWh/m²a

•Electricity consumption 43 kWh/m²a

•No active cooling device

•Mostly naturally ventilated

•Kieback & Peter BMS

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Comparing energy indicators

• German engineering association VDI 3807-2 (1994)

• Ages GmbH 1999

• City of Stuttgart, energy report 2003

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Heizung (kWh/m²) Strom (kWh/m²)

Vorh. Kennwert VDI 3807-2 Ages 1999 (Modalwert) Stadt Stuttgart

Heating (kWh/m²) Electricity (kWh/m²)

consumption City of Stuttgart

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Example Project Cityhall Scharnhauser Park

Online simulation

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Cityhall

Internet / modem

Kieback & Peter BMS

Heating energycounters

Electricity counters

OPCinterface

OPC reader/writer client

OPC server

ennovatissmartbox

Smartbox clients

ACCESSdatabase

DataSocketserver

DataSocketreader/writer client

Implemented communication infrastructure

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Monthly comparisonmeasured consumption - calculated energy demand DIN EN 832

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Feb04

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Hea

ting

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gy c

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mtio

n/de

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d (k

Wh)

consumption (kWh) DIN EN 832 air exchange rate 0,7 h-1 DIN EN 832 air exchange rate 0,4 h-1

Example Project Cityhall Scharnhauser Park: Energy balances

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zentru

mfür a

ngewandte fo

rschungan fa

chhochsch

ulen

nachhaltig

e energietechnik

Daily co

mpariso

nof m

easuredand

consumeddata

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Tuesday, 1.11 2005

Wednesday, 2.11 2005

Thursday, 3.11 2005

Friday, 4.11 2005

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Sunday, 6.11 2005

Monday, 7.11 2005

Tuesday, 8.11 2005


Thursday, 10.11 2005

Friday, 11.11 2005

Saturday, 12.11 2005

Sunday, 13.11 2005

Monday, 14.11 2005

Tuesday, 15.11 2005



Friday, 18.11 2005


Sunday, 20.11 2005

Monday, 21.11 2005

Tuesday, 22.11 2005



Friday, 25.11 2005


Sunday, 27.11 2005

Monday, 28.11 2005

Heating energy / kWh day-1

consumption

daily b

alance DIN V18599

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Daily comparison of measured and consumed data

Φe

Heating

Cooling Gains

Re R 12Θ e Θ 2

Θ 1

c

12e

Re R 12e Θ 2

Θ 1

Φ

Φ

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zentru

mfür a

ngewandte fo

rschungan fa

chhochsch

ulen

nachhaltig

e energietechnik

Daily co

mpariso

nof m

easuredand

consumeddata

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Sunday, 1. 01 2006Monday, 2. 01 2006Tuesday, 3. 01 2006

Wednesday, 4. 01 2006Thursday, 5. 01 2006

Friday, 6. 01 2006Saturday, 7. 01 2006

Sunday, 8. 01 2006Monday, 9. 01 2006

Tuesday, 10. 01 2006


Friday, 13. 01 2006Saturday, 14. 01 2006



Friday, 20. 01 2006Saturday, 21. 01 2006



Friday, 27. 01 2006Saturday, 28. 01 2006


Heating energy / kWh day-1

consumption

dynamic sim

ulation

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zentru

mfür a

ngewandte fo

rschungan fa

chhochsch

ulen

nachhaltig

e energietechnik

Daily co

mpariso

nof m

easuredand

consumeddata

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Sunday, 1. 01 2006

Monday, 2. 01 2006

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Sunday, 8. 01 2006

Monday, 9. 01 2006

Tuesday, 10. 01 2006


Thursday, 12. 01 2006

Friday, 13. 01 2006

Saturday, 14. 01 2006

Sunday, 15. 01 2006

Monday, 16. 01 2006

Tuesday, 17. 01 2006


Thursday, 19. 01 2006

Friday, 20. 01 2006

Saturday, 21. 01 2006

Sunday, 22. 01 2006

Monday, 23. 01 2006

Tuesday, 24. 01 2006


Thursday, 26. 01 2006

Friday, 27. 01 2006

Saturday, 28. 01 2006

Sunday, 29. 01 2006

Monday, 30. 01 2006

Tuesday, 31. 01 2006

Difference measurement and simulation / %

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Daily comparison of measured and consumed data

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Weeks in January

Deviation m

easurement to simulation / %

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Outlook and conclusions

..to determine modelling depth of different simulation models

..to analyse user behaviour (ventilation, internal loads)

..to use weather forecast data for energy demand prediction and control strategies

IN ORDER TO: reduce energy consumption and cost, as

80% of cost occur during building operation!

POLYCITY building management - Stuttgart...

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