Plegable biologia

SQUISHY SCIENCE: EXTRACT DNA FROM SMASHED

STRAWBERRIES

ESTEFANIA JARAMILLO SALAZAR

3rd SEMESTERMEDICINE STUDENT

U.P. BFEBRUARY 11/2013

FOLDING

ESTEFANIA JARAMILLO SALAZAR

SQUISHY SCIENCE: EXTRACT DNA FROM

SMASHED STRAWBERRIES

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

MEDICINE STUDENT3rd SEMESTER

FEBRUARY 11/2013

TEACHERLINA MARÍA MARTINEZ

SANCHEZ

BIBLIOGRAPHY

MEDICAL UTILITY.

Whether you’re a human, rat, tomato or bacterium, each of your cells will have DNA inside of it (with

some rare exceptions, such as mature red blood cells in humans). Each cell has an entire copy of the same set of instructions, and this

set is called the genome. Scientists study DNA for many reasons: They can figure out how the instructions

stored in DNA help your body to function properly. They can use DNA to make new medicines or genetically modify crops to be

resistant to insects. They can solve who is a suspect of a crime, and

can even use ancient DNA to reconstruct evolutionary histories!

To get the DNA from a cell, scientists typically rely on one of

many DNA extraction kits available from biotechnology companies.

During a DNA extraction, a detergent will cause the cell to pop

open, or lyse, so that the DNA is released into solution. Then alcohol

added to the solution causes the DNA to precipitate out. In this

activity, strawberries will be used because each strawberry cell has

eight copies of the genome, giving them a lot of DNA per cell. (Most organisms only have one genome

copy per cell.)

- Scientific American, a Division of Nature America, Inc.” Squishy Science: Extract DNA from Smashed Strawberries.” Scientific American, January 31, 2013. visited on the internet portal:http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=squishy-science-extract-dna-from-smashed-strawberries - Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. "Nucleus structure crucial to understanding diseases discovered.“ ScienceDaily, 7 Feb. 2013. Web. visited on the internet portal: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130208110255.htm

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=squishy-science-extract-dna-from-smashed-strawberries



http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130208110255.htm



FOLDING

This news is of vital importance, because it allow us to understand diseases and their relation with age, besides that it gives explanation of various syndromes making possible to give better treatment and prevention of disease.

INTRODUCTION

STUDENT OBSERVATION.

Have you ever wondered how scientists extract DNA from an organism? All living organisms have DNA, which is short for deoxyribonucleic

acid; it is basically the blueprint for everything that

happens inside an organism’s cells. Overall,

DNA tells an organism how to develop and function, and is

so important that this complex compound is found in virtually every one of its cells. In this activity you’ll

make your own DNA extraction kit from household

chemicals and use it to separate DNA from

strawberries.


I think that this is a very interesting story, curious and funny, which is available to

everyone. is a simple and effective method that provides a start to the DNA testing

allowing a better understanding about the functioning of the same, opening the mind to its utility and who knows probably reaching to some discoveries that allow us to develop new theories in order to apply them on life.



Materials : Rubbing alcohol, Measuring cup, Measuring spoons, Salt, water, Dishwashing

liquid, Glass or small bowl, Cheesecloth, Funnel, Tall drinking glass, Three

strawberries, Resealable plastic sandwich bag, Small glass, Bamboo skewer, available

at most grocery stores. Procedure : Prepare the extraction liquid. - Put the strawberries into a resealable plastic

bag - smash the strawberries. - Add three tablespoons of the extraction liquid to the

strawberries. - Squeeze the strawberry mixture - Pour the strawberry mixture from the bag into the funnel. Let it drip through the cheesecloth and into the tall glass until there is very little liquid left in the funnel - Pour the filtered strawberry liquid from the tall glass into the small glass. - Measure out

one half cup of cold rubbing alcohol. - Tilt the jar and very slowly pour the alcohol down its

side. Pour until the alcohol has formed approximately a one-inch-deep layer on top

of the strawberry liquid. Do not let the strawberry liquid and alcohol mix.

The strawberry DNA will appear as gooey clear/white stringy stuff.

NUCLEUS STRUCTURE CRUCIAL TO

UNDERSTANDING DISEASES DISCOVERED

Scientists from Singapore and Germany have identified that the proteins lamin A (Lmna) and lamin B receptor (Lbr) are essential for holding silent genes in their correct position at the edge of the nucleus, in the form of heterochromatin. A deviation from their normal position will cause the genes to malfunction, leading to heart failure, vascular disease and muscle wasting.For hundreds of years before this discovery, scientists were puzzled by why heterochromatin clustered at the edge of the nucleus and how it was relevant to normal cell function. This recent discovery will enable scientists to gain a better understanding of the diseases of the heart and muscles, and find cures for them in the future.The findings by Audrey Wang and Colin Stewart of A*STAR's Institute of Medical Biology and Irina Solovei, Boris Joffe and Heinrich Leonhardt of the Ludwig Maximillian University in Munich, Germany, were recently published in the prestigious journalCell.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Have you ever wondered how scientists extract DNA from an organism? All living organisms have DNA, which is short for deoxyribonucleic

acid; it is basically the blueprint for everything that

happens inside an organism’s cells. Overall,

DNA tells an organism how to develop and function, and is

so important that this complex compound is found in virtually every one of its cells. In this activity you’ll

make your own DNA extraction kit from household

chemicals and use it to separate DNA from

strawberries.

This discovery is an

experimental activity that

works closely with DNA. It

helps its understanding,

leaving the knowledge for

everyone.

DNA is important to all the things that happens in the body's

cells, this tells me how they are develop

and how they work.


STRAWBERRIES


I think that this is a very interesting story, curious and funny, which is available to

everyone. is a simple and effective method that provides a start to the DNA testing

allowing a better understanding about the functioning of the same, opening the mind to its utility and who knows probably reaching to some discoveries that allow us to develop new theories in order to apply them on life.



Materials : Rubbing alcohol, Measuring cup, Measuring spoons, Salt, water, Dishwashing

liquid, Glass or small bowl, Cheesecloth, Funnel, Tall drinking glass, Three

strawberries, Resealable plastic sandwich bag, Small glass, Bamboo skewer, available

at most grocery stores. Procedure : Prepare the extraction liquid. - Put the strawberries into a resealable plastic

bag - smash the strawberries. - Add three tablespoons of the extraction liquid to the

strawberries. - Squeeze the strawberry mixture - Pour the strawberry mixture from the bag into the funnel. Let it drip through the cheesecloth and into the tall glass until there is very little liquid left in the funnel - Pour the filtered strawberry liquid from the tall glass into the small glass. - Measure out

one half cup of cold rubbing alcohol. - Tilt the jar and very slowly pour the alcohol down its

side. Pour until the alcohol has formed approximately a one-inch-deep layer on top

of the strawberry liquid. Do not let the strawberry liquid and alcohol mix.

The strawberry DNA will appear as gooey clear/white stringy stuff.


STRAWBERRIESPreparation of the extraction liquid- Chill the rubbing alcohol in the freezer. (You’ll need it later.)- Mix one half teaspoon of salt, one third cup of water and one tablespoon of dishwashing liquid in a glass or small bowl. Set the mixture aside. This is your extraction liquid. Why do you think there is detergent in the extraction liquid?- Completely line the funnel with cheesecloth. Insert the funnel tube into the tall drinking glass (not the glass with the extraction liquid in it).- Remove and discard the green tops from the strawberries.


STRAWBERRIESExtra: the experiment can be make it in several ways:- Grab some oatmeal or kiwis from the kitchen and try it again! Which foods give you the most DNA?- Try to tweak different variables in this activity to see how you could change your strawberry DNA yield. For example, you could try starting with different amounts of strawberries, using different detergents or different DNA sources (such as oatmeal or kiwis). Which conditions give you the best DNA yield?


STRAWBERRIESMaterials

Rubbing alcohol, Measuring cup, Measuring, spoons, Salt, water, Dishwashing liquid (for hand-washing dishes), Glass or small bowl, Cheesecloth, Funnel, Tall drinking glass, Three strawberries, Resealable plastic sandwich bag, Small glass jar, (such as a spice or baby food jar), Bamboo skewer, available at most grocery stores. (If you use a baby food or short spice jar, you could substitute a toothpick for the skewer.)

OBSERVATION

I think that this is a very interesting story, curious and funny, which is available to everyone. is a simple

and effective method that provides a start to the DNA testing allowing a

better understanding about the functioning of the same, opening

the mind to its utility and who knows probably reaching to some

discoveries that allow us to develop new theories in order to apply them

on life.

NUCLEUS STRUCTURE CRUCIAL TO UNDERSTANDING DISEASES

DISCOVERED

This news is of vital importance, because it allow us to understand diseases and their relation with age, besides that it gives explanation of various syndromes making possible to give better treatment and prevention of disease.


NUCLEUS STRUCTURE CRUCIAL TO

UNDERSTANDING DISEASES DISCOVERED

Scientists from Singapore and Germany have identified that the proteins lamin A (Lmna) and lamin B receptor (Lbr) are essential for holding silent genes in their correct position at the edge of the nucleus, in the form of heterochromatin. A deviation from their normal position will cause the genes to malfunction, leading to heart failure, vascular disease and muscle wasting.For hundreds of years before this discovery, scientists were puzzled by why heterochromatin clustered at the edge of the nucleus and how it was relevant to normal cell function. This recent discovery will enable scientists to gain a better understanding of the diseases of the heart and muscles, and find cures for them in the future.The findings by Audrey Wang and Colin Stewart of A*STAR's Institute of Medical Biology and Irina Solovei, Boris Joffe and Heinrich Leonhardt of the Ludwig Maximillian University in Munich, Germany, were recently published in the prestigious journalCell.


DISCOVEREDThe nucleus has the information as of

chromatin necessary for the cell to grow, develop and reproduce. scientists

showed that AYB like sheet proteins are important for the

organization of chromatin in the nucleus. if there is a lack of these will be a collapse in the nuclear

center causing a disruption of gene

expression and development of affected skeletal muscle, resulting

in muscle failure.


DISCOVERED

the findings on changes in the

position of chromatin can contribute to

the exploration of heart failure.


DISCOVEREDThis news takes

researchers a step closer to understanding the

nucleus and the development of new

treatments for common diseases. It could be

particularly relevant for Mexico, since, like other developed countries, are

facing the population aging, heart failure,

vascular disease and muscle atrophy that increase with age.


DISCOVERED

Two major advances have been made in the

last years, the experimentation with the cloning and the discovery

of the Human Genome Mapping considered the

greatest history feat

OBSERVATION

This news is of vital importance, because it allow

us to understand diseases and their relation with age,

besides that it gives explanation of various

syndromes making possible to give better treatment and

prevention of disease.

MEDICAL UTILITY

MEDICAL UTILITY.

Whether you’re a human, rat, tomato or bacterium, each of your cells will have DNA inside of it (with

some rare exceptions, such as mature red blood cells in humans). Each cell has an entire copy of the same set of instructions, and this

set is called the genome. Scientists study DNA for many reasons: They can figure out how the instructions

stored in DNA help your body to function properly. They can use DNA to make new medicines or genetically modify crops to be

resistant to insects. They can solve who is a suspect of a crime, and

can even use ancient DNA to reconstruct evolutionary histories!

To get the DNA from a cell, scientists typically rely on one of

many DNA extraction kits available from biotechnology companies.

During a DNA extraction, a detergent will cause the cell to pop

open, or lyse, so that the DNA is released into solution. Then alcohol

added to the solution causes the DNA to precipitate out. In this

activity, strawberries will be used because each strawberry cell has

eight copies of the genome, giving them a lot of DNA per cell. (Most organisms only have one genome

copy per cell.)

MEDICAL UTILITY

Allow us to have a more

empirical knowledge about DNA

and its importance

MEDICAL UTILITY

Allow us to have a more conscious

understanding of the importance of

the correct position of the genes in the nucleus and which

may cause abnormalities in the

same, like a malfunction of the

heart's blood vessels and

muscles

BIBLIOGRAPHY

- Scientific American, a Division of Nature America, Inc.” Squishy Science: Extract DNA from Smashed Strawberries.” Scientific American, January 31, 2013. visited on the internet portal:http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=squishy-science-extract-dna-from-smashed-strawberries

- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. "Nucleus structure crucial to understanding diseases discovered.“ ScienceDaily, 7 Feb. 2013. Web. visited on the internet portal: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130208110255.htm






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