Plant Cells Plants vs Animals Plant Organelles & Function Cell Walls – Composition & Function.
-
Upload
neal-morton -
Category
Documents
-
view
242 -
download
1
Transcript of Plant Cells Plants vs Animals Plant Organelles & Function Cell Walls – Composition & Function.
Plant CellsPlants vs Animals
Plant Organelles & Function
Cell Walls – Composition & Function
Organelles found in both plant and animal cells
Nucleus - control center of the cell Ribosomes – produce protein Golgi Apparatus – packages protein to
stay in the cell Mitochondria – produces ATP
(powerhouse) Endoplasmic reticulum
Rough: packages proteins to leave the cell Smooth: detoxifies poisons in cell
Organelles found only in plants
Cell wall Large central vacuole Plastids
Chloroplast Tonoplast Chromoplast Leucoplast
Plasmodesmata
Cell Wall
Structural and mechanical support. maintain and determine cell shape. Keeps cell from exploding! carbohydrate storage protect against pathogens, dehydration,
and other environmental factors. Made up of 3 layers
Plasmodesmata (plasmodesma)
Plasmodesmata: small channels that connect the cytoplasm of plant cells to each other, forming a living bridge between cells.
Each cell is not completely isolated by the cell wall.
Plastids
Membrane bound organelle with various functions
Chromoplast – red, yellow, orange (caused by pigments – carotene & xanthophyll). Found in flowers & fruit
Leucoplast – colorless (lack of pigment). Storage of starch grains. Found in roots and seeds
Central Vacuole
Surrounded by a membrane called the tonoplast (type of plastid)
Stores water, salts, minerals, proteins, and pigments
Helps with growth & support
Chloroplast – the most important plastid of all!
Double membrane bound (like mitochondria)
Contain their own DNA which allows them to make their own enzymes
Location of photosynthesis Green color comes from pigment
chlorophyll
Basic Plant Cells
1. ParenchymaMost abundantSpherical w/ thin, flexible wallsPrimary function is
photosynthesis and storageExample: flesh of fruit
Basic Plant Cells
2. Collenchyma-Long cells w/unevenly thickened walls-Walls stretch for growth, structures for support-Alive at maturity-Example – celery fibers
Basic Plant Cells
Basic Plant Cells
3. Sclerenchyma thick and rigid cell walls Cytoplasm disentegrates and walls
remain for support at maturity (it’s dead) 2 basic types
Fibers (long and thin) - linen Sclerids (short) - pears
SclerenchymaScleridFiber
Comparison of 3 basic plant cells