Physical Map Ancient Greece 2000 B.C.- 323 B.C.
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Transcript of Physical Map Ancient Greece 2000 B.C.- 323 B.C.
Physical Map
Ancient Greece
2000 B.C.- 323 B.C.
Geography shaped Greek Civilization
1. The Sea coastal land Aegean, Ionian, and Black Seas were
waterways for Greeks Climate
Mediterranean climate Moderate temperature Low rainfall No snow
Geography
The Land ¾’s of land covered
with mountains small communities
/not much farming land
Culture and Trade
Warrior Kings and nobles lived in walled cities
Peasants lived outside the walls Seaborne trade was their
livelihood
Greek Wrestlers Ancient Games
The Minoans of Crete Minoan civilization developed as early as
2800 BC
Lasted nearly 1,000 years
Minoan ships filled with trade goods sailed back and forth between Crete and her colonies around the Aegean Sea and even to Egypt
KnossosMuch of Minoan life revealed by excavations
Solidly constructed buildingsPrivate roomsBasic plumbingBrightly colored artworkArtwork shows life tied to sea, women as priests, dangerous games
Excavation site Palace of Knossos
Palace of Knossos
Throne room
Artwork
Minoans Minoan civilization fell apart rather suddenly,
possibly from disaster.
Large eruption of volcanic island near Crete may have affected worldwide weather patterns.
Damage to Minoan ports, fewer crops may have weakened society
Minoans conquered by warlike Mycenaeans
The Mycenaeans
Mainland Greeks Leading city of Mycenae
Built to withstand any attack Warlike raiding kingdoms The Trojan War
Most likely a Mycenaean raid of a rival city
The Mycenaean States
• Mycenaeans built small kingdoms, often fought with each other
• Name comes from fortress, Mycenae
Minoan Influences
• Mycenaeans traded with Minoans, copied writing
• Became great traders
• Trade increased after they conquered Crete
First Greeks
• Mycenaeans considered first Greeks, spoke form of Greek language
• Earliest kingdoms owed much to Minoans
Mycenaean Differences
• Society dominated by intense competition, frequent warfare, powerful kings
• Kings taxed trade and farming to build palaces, high walls
Mycenaeans
Mycenaean Strength To show off strength, Mycenaeans built great monuments like Lion’s
Gate Kings’ constant quest for power, glory inspired legends Most famous, story of Trojan War
Downfall War played part in end of Mycenaean civilization, as did drought,
famine By end of 1100s BC, Mycenaean cities mostly in ruins; dark age
followed Greek civilization almost disappeared
Trojan War War supposedly involved early Greeks, led by Mycenae, who fought
powerful city called Troy, in what is now Turkey
Mycenaean Strengths and Downfall
Lion’s Gate Entrance to Citadel
The Greek Dark Ages
Skill of writing lost/ no written records 1150- 750 B.C. Homer- wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
stories past on through word of mouth Epics - heroic poems Arete -to strive for excellence, to show
courage, and to win fame and honor