Pest and Disease Management for Guava

7/27/2019 Pest and Disease Management for Guava

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PEST AND DISEASE

MANAGEMENT IN GUAVA

By

Nagendra Singh Ranawat


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INTRODUCTIONGuava is hardy, aggressive, and a perennial tree that has recently become a cultivated

crop of subtropical regions.

It is scientificallyPsidium guajava and belongs to the family Myrtaceae.

Guava trees are seriously damaged by the citrus flat mite.

The guava tree is attacked by 80 insect species, including 3 bark-eating caterpillars

and the guava scale in India, but this and other scale insects are generally kept under

control by their natural enemies.


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Some important pests and diseases

Pests

Tea mosquito bug

Aphids

Mealy bugs

Fruit fly

Guava shoot borer

Guava weevil

Thrips, etc.

Diseases

Wilt

Red rust

Anthracnose

Canker

Phytophthorafruit rot

Dry rot

Damping off


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Wilt:

Fusar ium oxyspo rum f.sp . ps id i iSymptoms1. Yellowing of leaves

2. Drowsiness with yellow to

reddish discoloration3. Bare and dry twigs

4. Hard, underdeveloped, stony

fruits

5. Entire plant defoliated and dead

within 15 days from full wilting

upto 1 year in some cases

Management1. Cultural method- clean

cultivation i.e., uproot wilted

tree, timely and adequate

manuring

2. Chemical method- injection of

0.1% water soluble 8 quinolinol

sulphate. It provide protection

for 1 year in disease affected

area.


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Other wilt causing agents areRhizactonia bataticola

Macrophomina phaseolinaFusarium solani

Gloeosporium psidii


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Anthracnose:

Colletot r ichum ps id i i

SymptomsPinhead spots on unripe fruits

that are dark brown in color,

sunken, circular.

Creamy spore masses in moist

weather.

Unripe fruit become corky and

harder and develops cracks.

Leaves have necrotic lesions on

the margin and tip

Management Resistant variety like apple guava are

used In affected area.

Sprays of Bordeaux mixture at 7 day

interval COC and cuprous oxide are also

significant in controlling the disease

Monthly spray of Difolatan(0.3%)

closely followed by Dithane Z-

78(0.2%) is effective


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Canker:

Pestalon ia ps idi i

Symptoms1. Occur on green fruits

Appearance of minute , circular ,

necrotic area with elevated margins.

2. Fruits underdeveloped, become

hard, malformed and mummified and

drop in large numbers

Management1% Bordeaux mixture or lime sulphur

at 15 day interval.

Use of canker resistant cultivar like

Safeda and Apple colour.

Leaf extracts of Neem and Tulsi

(Azadirachta indica and Ocimum

sanctum respectively) inhibit spore

germination.


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Guava rust:

Puccin ia psid i i

symptoms The pathogen can affect foliage,

young shoots, inflorescences and

fruit of guava.

Typical symptoms associated with

this disease include distortion,

defoliation, reduced growth and if

severe, mortality.

On fully expanded leaves, darkbordered, roughly circular brown

lesions with yellow halos develop

Management Control of guava rust is based on the

use of fungicides.

Scouting fields for onset of disease or

during the times of year when

environmental conditions are

favorable for pathogen infection are

recommended so that proper and

timely fungicide applications can bemade.


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Guava rust


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. Algal leaf spot:

Cephaleuro s virescens

Symptoms Disease symptoms are exhibited on both

abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces as

orange, rust-colored, dense silky tufts

ranging from 5 to 8 mm in diameter. Upon scraping away these spots, a thin,

grayish white to dark-colored, necrotic

crust remains on the leaf.

Management Algal leaf spot can be reduced by

maintaining tree vigor with cultural

techniques such as proper fertilization

and irrigation, proper pruning toenhance air circulation within the

canopy and sunlight penetration,

managing weeds and wider tree spacing.

Managing insect, mite and other foliar

diseases increases tree vigor and lessenssusceptibility to this disease.

Spray Copper oxychloride 0.25%.


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Leaf spot symptoms


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Damping off:

Rhizoc t in ia so lan i Pre emergence

infected seeds

and seedlings show soaked

discoloration

Post emergence

hypocotyl isdiscolored into yellowish to brown

and later turn soft and constricted.

Such seedlings ultimately toople

over and die

Management Seedling treated with Bavistin @

3g/Kg seed controls the disease

quite effectively


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Tea mosquito bug

Control

1. Spray Endosulfan 35 EC at the

rate of 2 ml/lit or alathion 50 EC

at the rate of 1 ml/lit or

Monocrotophos 36 WSC @

2ml/lit or neem oil 3 %.

2. Spraying should be done in

early mornings or late evenings,

at least four times at 21 days

interval during fruiting season.


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Aphids

Control

Spray Monocrotophos 36 WSC @

1ml/lit or Dimethoate 30 EC @ 2

ml/lit to control aphids.


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Mealy bugs

Control

1. The mealy bugs can be

controlled by spraying

Triazophos @ 2ml/lit + neem oil

5 ml or phosalone 0.05% + neem

oil 5 ml.

2. Release of Cryptolaemus

montrouzieribeetles (Coccinellid

beetles) @ 10 beetles /tree is also

recommended.


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Fruit fly

Control

1.Remove the fallen fruits and bury them deeply

with Lindane 1.3% dusted over them.

2.Spray Endosulfan 35 EC or Malathion 50 EC

@ 1 ml/lit four times at 15 days interval.

3.Stir the soil around the tree during pestincidence and dust Lindane 1.3%.

4. Use polythene bags fish meal trap with 5 gm

of wet fish meal + 1 ml. dichlorvos in cotton.

5. 50 traps are required/ha, fish meal and

Dichlorvos soaked cotton are to be renewedonce in 20 and 7 days respectively.


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Pest and Disease Management for Guava

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