Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell

Cell Membrane

Selectively Permeable = only certain things can enter / exit the cell

Made primarily of lipids and proteins

Integral proteins form channels or pores which certain substances can pass

Fluid mosaic model = cell membrane acts more like a fluid than a solid (flexible); made up of a variety of parts

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Contains the organelles of the cell

Contains cytosol = a gelatin-like aqueous fluid which organelles are in

Cytoplasm

NucleusStores the hereditary information in its DNA; controls the cell

Nucleus

Nuclear Membrane

Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, has nuclear pores

Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus

Site where ribosomes are made

Nucleus/Nuclear Membrane/Nucleolus

Ribosomes

Most numerous organelle; synthesize proteins

Ribosomes

MitochondriaSites of chemical reactions – supply energy to cell

More numerous in cells with high energy requirements

Cristae= folds that increase surface area (more sites for chemical reactions)

Mitochondria

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

A system of membranous tubules and sacs

Functions as a highway along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another

Two types:1)Rough ER (has

ribosomes)2) Smooth ER (no

ribosomes)

Rough ER

Smooth ER

Rough and Smooth ER

Golgi Apparatus

The processing, packaging, and secreting organelle of the cell

Golgi Apparatus

LysosomesOrganelles that contain enzymes that digest stuff

Common in cells of animals, fungi, and protists, but rare in plant cells

Lysosomes

MicrotubulesContributes to the support, movement, and division of the cell

Microtubules

FlagellaWhipping action propels cells and makes them move

Flagella

Cell WallRigidity helps support and protect the plant cell

Cell Wall

Plant Cells with Cell Wall

VacuoleFluid filled organelle that stores enzymes, metabolic wastes, and water

Vacuole

May occupy 90% of the volume of a plant cell (central vacuole)

Vacuole (in a plant cell)

Chloroplast used to trap energy of sunlight during photosynthesis with chlorophyll and convert to energy

has a system of flattened membranous sacs called thylakoids

Chloroplast