Optical Fiber Main

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OPTICAL FIBER

PREPARED BY

PAWAN

ROLL NO-

BE (MECH)


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Evolution of Fiber

1880 Alexander Graham Bell

1930 Patents on tubing

1950 Patent for two-layer glass wave-guide

1960 Laser first used as light source

1965 High loss of light discovered

1970s Refining of manufacturing process1980s OF technology becomes backbone

of long distance telephone networks in NA.


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Introduction to Optical Fibers.

Fibers of glass

Usually 120 micrometers in diameter

Used to carry signals in the form of

light over distances up to 50 km.No repeaters needed.


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PARTS OF OPTICAL FIBER

Core thin glass center of the fiber wherelight travels.

Cladding outer optical material surroundingthe core

Buffer Coating plastic

coating that protects

the fiber.


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Advantages of Optical Fibre

Thinner Less Expensive

Higher Carrying Capacity Less Signal Degradation& Digital Signals Light SignalsNon-Flammable

Light Weight


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Areas of Application

Telecommunications

Local Area Networks

Cable TV

CCTV

Optical Fiber Sensors


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Type of Fibers

Optical fibers come in two types:

Single-mode fibers used to transmit one signal perfiber (used in telephone and cable TV). They havesmall cores(9 microns in diameter) and transmit infra-red light from laser.

Multi-mode fibers used to transmit many signalsper fiber (used in computer networks). They have

larger cores(62.5 microns in diameter) and transmitinfra-red light from LED.


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How Does Optical Fibre TransmitLight??

Total Internal Reflection.

Fibre Optics Relay Systems has

-Transmitter

-Optical Fibre-Optical Regenerator

-Optical Receiver


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Total Internal Reflection in Fiber


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How are Optical Fibres made??

Three Steps are Involved

-Making a Perform Glass Cylinder

-Drawing the Fibers from the preform

-Testing the Fiber


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Optical Fiber Laying

Mechanical LinkingIncludes coupling of two connectors end to end

Optical distribution frames allow cross connect fibers from bymeans of connection leads and optical connectors

Soldering:This operation is done with automatic soldering machinethat ensures:

Alignment of fibers core along the 3 axis Visual display in real-time of the fibers solderingTraction test after soldering (50 g to 500 g)

Blowing Used in laying optical cables in roadways. Cables can be blown in a tube high density Poly Ethylene Optical fiber is then blown in the tube using an air

compressor which can propel it up to 2 kilometers away.


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Fiber Distributed Data InterfaceStations are connected in a dual ring

Transmission rate is 100 mbps

Total ring length up to 100s of kms.


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4/23/12Conclusion

This concludes our study of Fiber Optics. We havelooked at how they work and how they are made. We haveexamined the properties of fibers, and how fibers are

joined together. Although this presentation does not coverall the aspects of optical fiber work it will have equippedyou knowledge and skills essential to the fiber opticindustry.


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THANK YOU

Optical Fiber Main

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