Obesity and Fast Food

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Chauneva Glenn Jones



` Obesity = worldwide epidemic.

` According to the CDC, obesity is defined as

having a body mass index (BMI) that is at 30 or

greater.` Overweight and obesity may also lead to other

diseases such as: cardiovascular disease

type 2 diabetes.` African Americans had 51 percent higher

prevalence of obesity (CDC, 2010).



` 26% of high school students in FL were above

their ideal weight (FL DOH, 2003)

` One-third of kindergarten, third, sixth, and ninth

graders were significantly above their ideal weight(FL DOH, 2002), .

` In general, 19.4% of adults were obese, while

30.8% of African Americans in the state of Florida

are obese. (FL DOH),` The cause for this can be genetic or

environmental or both.



` The growth of the fast food industry has played an

important role in the increased amount of food

consumption (Schlosser, 2001).

` In the U.S., the amount of calories attributable to fast

food consumption has risen within the last 20 years

from 3% to 12% (Schlosser, 2001).

` Fast food is considerably higher in fat, thus there have

been associations made between fast food intake and

increased BMI and weight (French, Harnack & Jeffery,2000).



` Within this same study, it was noted the fast foodconsumption has increased among low income,nonwhite populations (French, Harnack & Jeffery,2000).

` Residents of the lowest income neighborhoods wereexposed to fast food restaurants 2.5 times more thanthose of affluent neighborhoods (Block, Scribner, andDeSalvo, 2004).

` According to the 2000 census, 24.7% of people inTallahassee are below the poverty line, compared to12.5% within the state (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000).



` Gain entry into the community by conducting a

town hall meeting at the Walker Ford community

center.

` At this meeting, a presentation will be given on: Obesity in the African American community

Affects on health

In addition, there will be an open discussion on how we

as a community can make better choices when it comes

to our health and eating habits.



` Damayan Garden Project goal is to enhance the quality of life within the community

by teaching people how to grow their own food.

`

Blue Foundation funds non-profit organizations and health departments in

order to help support model programs that strive to fight

against the obesity epidemic.

` City and county officials Listen to the concerns of the citizens they serve.



` Provide education and training about obesity inchildren and shed light on the role that the fast foodindustry plays in the obesity epidemic.

` It will be made known that the food industry seeks toplace blame you, the parent and school, for the rise inchildhood obesity (Sugarman & Sandman, 2008).

` By increasing the level of activity in families,monitoring their fast food intake and adding healthier foods into their diets, the program aspires to: prevent or decrease obesity, promote healthy attitudes, lifestyles, and communities.



` Children

influence their parents and families

decisions

fast food industry is targeted towards

kids

` Parents and adults are victims too!



` Boycott all fast food restaurants located within theblocks of Orange Avenue and South Monroe. the Southside community will not purchase any food from

these restaurants = their daily profits

` Guerilla marketing Yards signs will be posted in front of these businesses

displaying statistics about obesity and the role of the fast foodindustry.

` Protest at zoning offices and demand that whenzoning: for every one fast food permit, there must be healthy

alternative



` Walker Ford community center,

` near by schools (FAMU DRS, Conley Elementary,

Bond Elementary, and FAMU¶s IPH,),

` Leon County Health Department, and

` Tallahassee commissioners



` Interventions are many

` Within this community, the nutrition components of theMAPPS interventions for communities puttingprevention to work will be utilized. MAPPS can be profoundly influential and can improve healthbehaviors by changing the community environment (CDC,2010).

` The five evidence based strategies that will be appliedto nutrition are :

Media, Access, Point of Purchase/ Promotion,

Price, and

Social Support/ Services.



` There must be counter-advertising for unhealthy

choices (Dixon, Scully, Wakefield,White &

Crawford, 2007).

In Australia, it was found that after replacing fast food adswith the promotion of nutritious foods normalization and

reinforcement of healthy eating occurred (Dixon, Scully,

Wakefield,White, and Crawford, 2007).



` There must be healthy food and drink options

available in underserved areas (Glanz and Yaroch,

2004).

Ex.:

x In Los Angeles, the community banned together and were

able to get neighborhood corner stores to sell healthier foods

x In Shasta, the youth were able to get their local Wal-Mart to

implement healthy food check out aisles (Samuels, Craypo,

Boyle, Crawford, Yancy, and Flores, 2010).



` Product placement and attractiveness of healthier

foods (Nonas, 2009). In Santa Ana, California, the community was able to get

legislation passed regulating the operation of mobile

vendors operating near school campuses, helping to

bring in more healthier options in and around these

campuses (Samuels, Craypo, Boyle, Crawford, Yancy, &

Flores, 2010), .



` Changing relative prices of healthy versus

unhealthy foods (French, 2004).

` The Changing Individual¶s Purchase of Snacks(CHIPS) study: showed that modifying the prices of low fat foods

increased the sales of healthy options and decreased the

sales of unhealthy options



` Community involvement is essential in order to

change the food environment (French & Wechsler,

2004).

` In Los Angeles youth used video cameras todocument the scarcity of healthy foods in their

neighborhoods within their community. policy makers = advocate for a cessation of fast food

restaurants in the community.



` The key to real and lasting change in a communityis ensuring that programs that were designed tobenefit the target audiences do not disappear after the initial trial period.

` The challenge for the coalition will be to maintainthe momentum attained during the crisis andintervention phase.

` The coalition must work at continuous relationship

building as well as making this program apermanent fixture for community resources.



BlueFoundation

DamayanGroup Project

FAMU IPH

Leon County

HD

WFCommunity

Center

Parents,school officals,and studenstof Southside

schools

Communitymembers

TallahasseeNAACP



` Coalition must have strong leaders` Possess qualities such as:

have a level of education, be able to hone on personal resources, be knowledgeable about politics, be able to delegate, set agendas, run efficient meetings communication skills, be someone who does not see themselves as superior but as an equal

to their members

` Trained on how to: form rules, roles, and procedures, learn the processes for good decision making, how to resolve problems How to lead effectively



` Empowerment evaluation uses the basic

evaluation principles, techniques, and findings in

order to cultivate improvement and self

determination.` In empowerment evaluation, program participants

maintain control of the evaluation process, while

outside evaluators work to build the evaluation

capacity of participants and help them useevaluation findings to advocate for their program.



` The purpose of the evaluation is to reduce

uncertainty about the program¶s effectiveness by

answering questions.



` Questions to ask:1. Has the coalition successfully met their goals and

ob jectives?

2. Has there been a reduction in intake of fast food by the

Southside community?3. Has there been an increase in fresh fruits and

vegetables within the Southside community?

4. Has there been an increase in awareness in therelationship between obesity and the fast food

industry?5. Has the community been left with a sense of empowerment?



` Focus groups Children

Adults

` Small groups of 7 to 8 will be formed and a

moderator will be present in order to keep thediscussion focused.

` Each session will last between one to three hoursand will be recorded.

` These focus groups will be used to further explorethe ideas of the community about theeffectiveness of the program.



` At the end of the evaluation, results will be

presented to the community and the success of

the program will be determined.

Obesity and Fast Food

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