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Regents Biology 2006-2007 Nucleic acids: Information molecules

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  • Regents Biology

    2006-2007

    Nucleic acids: Information molecules

  • Regents Biology

    Nucleic Acids Examples

    u DNA § DeoxyriboNucleic

    Acid

    u RNA § RiboNucleic Acid

    RNA

  • Regents Biology

    DNA

    Nucleic Acids § Function:

    u genetic material § stores information

    w genes w blueprint for building proteins

    n  DNA → RNA → proteins § transfers information

    w blueprint for new cells w blueprint for next generation

    proteins

  • Regents Biology

    A A

    A

    A

    T C

    G

    C G

    T G

    C T

    Genes (DNA) are needed

    to run bodies every day… to make you and me… to make new cells…

    to make babies!

  • Regents Biology

    Nucleic acids

    § Building block = nucleotides

    u  5 different nucleotides u  different nitrogen bases u  A, T, C, G, U

    nucleotide – nucleotide – nucleotide – nucleotide

    phosphate

    sugar N base

    Nitrogen bases I’m the

    A,T,C,G or U part!

  • Regents Biology

    Nucleotide chains § Nucleic acids

    u nucleotides chained into a polymer § DNA

    w double-sided w double helix w A, C, G, T

    § RNA w single-sided w A, C, G, U

    phosphate

    sugar N base

    phosphate

    sugar N base

    phosphate

    sugar N base

    phosphate

    sugar N base

    strong bonds

    RNA

  • Regents Biology

    DNA § Double strand twists into a double helix

    u weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases join the 2 strands § A pairs with T w A :: T

    § C pairs with G w C :: G

    u  the two strands can separate when our cells need to make copies of it

    weak bonds

  • Regents Biology

    Copying DNA § Replication

    u copy DNA u 2 strands of DNA helix are

    complementary §  they are matching §  have one, can build other §  have one, can rebuild the whole

  • Regents Biology

    § Copying DNA u pairing of the bases

    allows each strand to serve as a pattern for a new strand

    Newly copied strands of DNA

    DNA replication

  • Regents Biology

    Watson and Crick … and others… 1953 | 1962

  • Regents Biology

    HELIXHELIX

    Let’s build some DNA!


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