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Transcript of Notes... · Web viewillustratorOverview.doc rev -02 ... Show/Hide Illustrator rulers. Choose...
illustratorOverview.doc rev -02/09/2012
Objectives:
Show/Hide Illustrator rulers
Choose between process and spot colors
Define gamut
Locate and use a panel menu
Be able to determine the most appropriate method for creating rectangles and ellipses.
Creating a perfect square/circle
Use the Fill and Stroke tools
Using Stacking Order
Define and use gradients
State when to use the Selection tool versus Direct Selection tool
Define paths and anchor points
Adding additional anchor points to an object
Using the Direct select tool to modify a shape.
Using the transform panel
Blends
Illustrator overview Page 1
Review:
Color Models…CMYK, versus RGB… gamut Illustrator workspaces…use Essentials from now on Monospaced vs. Proportional fonts Defined and applied kerning, tracking, leading-- in
Illustrator Creating new Documents Opening existing documents
Overview Illustrator How does it work
Color Management
Fills
Strokes
Drawing tools
Positioning objects
Using Smart Guides
Aligning
Scaling
Illustrator overview Page 2
How does it WorkWe use it to create vector graphics
o Can resize without losing qualityo Place dots (anchor points)o Connect the dots with paths o Creates shapes
Our primary reason for using Illustrator (in this course) is to create a logo for our client.
Caution:
o Many times someone uses Illustrator to draw an ellipse, for example. Then, they go out to the web and find a raster image, a graphic, (a.k.a. bitmap): a photo, for example, or something created in Photoshop. Say you are doing something regarding nature and you find a picture of a tree and you place it on the ellipse---Now, you can’t resize properly because you have a mixed format shape.
Say you want to use the logo you designed on a web site, so you resize and save for the web. Because it’s now a bitmap object, your saved logo won’t scale very well. Always return to Illustrator to scale vector objects and resave for web
Illustrator overview Page 3
If you really want to include bitmap objects, convert them to vectors. Then, they retain their sharpness and clarity as you resize them.
Example:
Versus
Illustrator overview Page 4
Creating Shapes
We use various tools to create the shapes, and then fill inside the shapes and maybe add a stroke (border) to each shape
Illustrator overview Page 5
Once we have the anchor points, can fill the resulting areas, push, pull the points and paths to change the shapes
Start Illustrator and choose print document; units to inches, save the document as overview.ai inside InClass/Illustrator
What you see is called the artboard (drawing area)
The document (page) also has a scratch area, name is really a canvas ----store stuff there
Can even have multiple artboards in a given document, each a different size, orientation)…
Illustrator overview Page 6
Change workspace to Essentials, or reset Essentials by clicking it
Don’t see my Artboard
What if I can’t find the artboard?
Maybe you held down the space bar, clicked and held the left button and moved artboard so can’t see it anymore. Solution:
View>Fit Artboard in Window
Might also try zooming out using Zoom tool (Or use shortcut key ctrl+ and Ctrl-)
Illustrator overview Page 7
Change toolbox to two columns, rather than one…personal preference: click tiny double-arrow top left:
Basic Shapes Draw a red ellipse (circle). Choose the ellipse tool
Hold down shift key to draw a perfect circle
Illustrator overview Page 8
Draw a small blue rectangle
Adding Anchor points Click and hold on the Pen tool, choose Add anchor point
Tool
Illustrator overview Page 9
Go ahead and add a few additional anchor points along a path
Use the Direct Selection tool (white arrow) and pull and push the anchor points…look for the word anchor:
Practice...Magic wand
Add two yellow ellipses on top of one of your current shapes
.
Use the magic wand and click on either yellow ellipse—see what happened?
Illustrator overview Page 10
Scaling and rotating
And
Example: Scaling
Select the entire object
Method # 1
Illustrator overview Page 11
o Double click the scale tool and resize by 200%
This opens
Method # 2:
Use the Transform panel:
Select the entire object (drag over all of it)
Open the Transform panel (Window>Transform)
Illustrator overview Page 12
Set width and height to 3” see above…look for link symbol:
Method 3: Make sure the Bounding Box is visible (Window/ Show/
Hide Bounding Box)
Click and drag a corner while holding down the shift key (maintains aspect ratio …Width/Height)
Rotate similar…Choose the tool
Drag and hold down the mouse:
Illustrator overview Page 13
Typical Initial Setup:
Open the Swatches panel
Open the Transform panel
View>Smartguides
Illustrator overview Page 14
The Swatches panel shows the document’s colors, gradients, and patterns. You can add additional ones from built-in libraries, or “mix your own” colors. Use the colors to fill in shapes
Smartguides provide location information
The Transform panel is used to precisely place and size objects, also use to rotate objects
Use the Rectangle tool and draw a rectangle by dragging on the artboard
Notice the Fill and Stroke tools and colors
Your rectangle has a white fill, and a black stroke
Select the rectangle, bring the Fill tool to the top
Open Swatches and choose a color
Panel Menus and Color Management The Swatches panel, like most panels, has a panel menu…small arrow in upper right Illustrator overview Page 15
Panel Menu Example
Adding a new swatch library member ( Library: A group of related items)
Click upper right corner, just below the “x”
Choose Open Swatch Library
Illustrator overview Page 16
Choose a library from the list (They are additional colors)
Click a library to add its content: I chose Nature>Foliage
And Corporate
Illustrator overview Page 17
Choose colors that are indicative of the purpose; i.e. use Foliage colors for a wildlife project,
check Kuler, there is probably a them for nature
Process Colors versus Spot Colors Swatch colors can be process or spot. Spot adds in
additional colors other than CMYK
In general, stay with process colors-made with CMYK inks…cheapest …
Review: Gamut=number of colors a given color model can reproduce…Red Green Blue gamut on monitor larger than CMYK (paper) and Spot colors have larger gamut than process
Use spot only when:
Publication needs a color that cannot be accurately reproduced with CMYK inks, such as precise color matching of a corporate or logo color.
Need more vibrant colors than what CMYK inks produce. Project requires special effects such as metallic or
fluorescent spot inks.
Basically, spot colors are more expensive, try to not use them
Illustrator overview Page 18
To add a color to a shape- Select the shape to be colored (filled) using the Selection
tool (black arrow)
Pick a color from Swatches panel (which we just did)
or
Use color picker (double click the Fill tool),
Click the Color Swatches button to see many more colors
OR
Use the Color panel
Illustrator overview Page 19
Fills and Strokes (good name for a band? A magician team…?)
Objects (shapes) usually have Fill and Stroke properties
Set the Fill color of your rectangle to a medium blue swatch color
Click once on the stroke tool…brings its icon to the top, above the fill icon
o Choose black, 4 points…
Illustrator overview Page 20
(Specify the point size in Control Panel)
Select the rectangle and delete it
Practice using anchor points, Fills, strokes and tracing objects
Open banana.ai (It should be in your Illustrator/Images folder)
Drawing Methods Will use the Rectangle tool and draw and fill a rectangle
multiple ways. They include
1. Drag
2. Click once and enter width and height values
3. Draw from center out and drag
4. Draw perfect squares, circles
Find the rectangle tool:Illustrator overview Page 21
You might need to uncover it:
Note the small arrow on the tool, indicating more stuff!
Method # 1: Drag on the artboard (Can move the artboard via space bar + left-mouse button…try it)
Click where you want the rectangle and drag to create it
Starts at a corner of the rectangle
See if you can drag and hold to set the rectangle to exactly 3 “ wide, 2” tall:
Illustrator overview Page 22
o Not easy!
o Let’s resize the rectangle so it’s the desired size.
Resizing Shapes
Select the rectangle
Use Transform panel or the Scale tool
o Enter W:3 and H:2
Or Scale Tool:
double-click the tool and enlarge to 150%
Changing the Fill color
Select the rectangle
Click the fill tool once and choose a Green swatch:
Illustrator overview Page 23
Bring the stroke to the top and add a yellow 4 pt Stroke
Deselect (Select>Deselect or click away using black arrow (Selection tool)
Method # 2: Click once on the artboard and enter the width and height
You can choose the colors before you create the square, or afterwards.
Practice: Make a 3”by 3” red rectangle with a blue 3 point stroke:
Control Panel shows our decisions (Can make changes there also)
Illustrator overview Page 24
Method # 3: Drag a perfect square (circles too)
Shift-Drag to create a perfect square (same for ellipses)
Draw a small perfect square
o 2” x 2”.CMYK Blue fill, CMYK Red stroke (5 pt)
Reverse the colors : Fill and Stroke (look for arrow)
Reverse again
Method # 4: Draw from center-out
Alt-drag to draw a rectangle by drawing from the center out, rather than drawing from a corner. We will see a use for this later
Stacking OrderThe objects on the page have varying locations relative to each other called stacking order
Open Layers Panel
Expand Layer 1
Illustrator overview Page 25
Note the stacking order (Yellow circle on top, red circle on the bottom)
Drag one rectangle on top of another
Note which is on top?
Change the stacking order by dragging red ellipse to the top:
Illustrator overview Page 26
, and observe the difference
Drawing using Pencil tool
It draws using the current stroke color, and size
Turn Fill off
Draw a 4-point black line:
Illustrator overview Page 27
Look for anchor points
Click the white arrow (Direct Select) Click the line
Find an anchor and drag
Drawing using Pen tool
Click once, move cursor, click again to draw a straight line
Make a triangle
or
Illustrator overview Page 28
Click once, Click again at another location but drag cursor to create a curve with handles
Practice: Use the pen tool to create a shape like this:
Viewing Smart Guides
if Smart Guides turned on , and you pause over a corner of a selected object, you will see the word anchor.
If you hover near the center of an object, look for center to appear
Same for paths
Try it
Illustrator overview Page 29
Revisit Fill and Stroke
Fill
Can fill with a color or a gradient or a pattern
Select the object
Fill with color Click Fill Color tool
Choose a color
Practice: Make red rectangle have a yellow fill
Fill with a GradientGradual change from color to color
Use the black arrow (Selection tool) to select any yellow circle
Now click the Gradient Fill tool
Illustrator overview Page 30
Not the larger gradient item in the toolbox
Result:
Now click the Gradient tool and manipulate the bar:
Just drag across the circle:
Illustrator overview Page 31
Try another gradient in the Swatches panel:
Try the orange, green gradient
Choose Fade to Black gradient again
Roll your own
Double-click the Gradient tool (Not the gradient fill)
Result:
Illustrator overview Page 32
(Note: You can click and drag in any direction to apply the gradient)
Move the middle diamond left and right to see the effect on the gradient fill
You can drag the cursor to apply the gradient form any angle (Drag from right to left so darkest is on the right)
The icons on the bottom of the horizontal bar are called stops There are two at the present time
Can drag a color from the swatch panel to any stop, can add, delete stops
Drag a red swatch to the leftmost stop:
Illustrator overview Page 33
Add a new stop in the middle of the line (choose a new color)
Pull down to delete a stop
To change opacity: Double-click the stop
o Move opacity slider to desired value
Illustrator overview Page 34
The default gradient is a fade to black with opacity dropping to zero
OK, so those are the most often used fill options (There is a fill with Pattern, which we skipped
Strokes
Color
Size
Variable widths
Select the Stroke tool again
Specifying color and size
Select a circle (Selection tool…black arrow)
o Switch its stroke to yellow, 5 point (Note: Can do this via Control Panel)
o Or, can double-click the stroke icon to pop up the color picker , choose a dark blue for the stroke
Illustrator overview Page 35
Using the Transform Panel…Precise Placement Can verify size (and location) of an object via Transform
panel, which we opened at the beginning of this module.
Select the rectangle and look at Transform panel values: Note the 9 references...center one is selected below…can also use the control panel reference object
Draw a rectangle and fill it with blue with black stroke
Open the Transform panel:
Illustrator overview Page 36
Select the rectangle and use the Transform panel to position its center at X=4, Y=4. Click the middle proxy :
Or use Control Panel
Selecting Objects Use the Black Arrow (Selection Tool)
Selecting part of an object-
Illustrator overview Page 37
Deselect everything first
Use white arrow…called Direct Select tool
Click a corner of any rectangle using Direct Select
Pull the corner anchor point to deform the rectangle
Note:
Look at corner anchor points…only the one you selected should be filled in…if not, click away (deselects), then click a corner anchor again click each anchor point and turn the fill color be hollow:
Illustrator overview Page 38
Save your document (practice.ai)
Symbol Spray Tool
Choose Window>Symbols
Click on a symbol ( I chose grime)
Find Symbol Sprayer tool on left side
Spray away!
Symbol Libraries
There are many collections of symbols. To see then, Choose Window>Symbol Libraries and choose a category
Here is the flowers library:
Illustrator overview Page 39
Drag one to the document and resize
CroppingMaybe want a piece of your artboard for a web site you’re doing. Of course, the object then becomes a bitmap
The cropping tool is actually called the artboard tool
It puts sizing handles around the artboard: try itHere is mine:
Illustrator overview Page 40
Crop and then save for Web
The Blend tool Use pencil tool and draw two lines with zero fill, 4 point
stroke, two different colors
Select both lines
Illustrator overview Page 41
Object>Blend>Make
Another gradient!
As long as we’re on blend, let’s blend a rectangle to a star (a morph)
Draw an orange rectangle and a star
o Star tool is under Rectangle tool, just select and say OK, color it green
o Draw an orange square
Select both: (Drag over both, or select one, then shift-click on the second object)
Illustrator overview Page 42
Object>Blend>Blend Options:
Says to Blend in 8 steps
Then, Object>Blend>Make:
Illustrator overview Page 43
Back to basics…
Anchors and Paths Save
Start a new document named AnchorsAndPaths.ai
Recall there are two selection tools: Selection (black arrow) and Direct Select (White arrow). The Selection tool selects entire object. Direct Select: a part of an object
Goal: Create this:
Set Fill to none, stroke to 1 point black
Illustrator overview Page 44
Create a new rectangle 5” wide by 2”, (no fill), black stroke, 1 point
Show rulers
Click away
Use the Selection arrow and select, then move, the rectangle:
The small circles are the anchor points
Can resize/reshape the object using the anchor points
Click on a path (Turn SmartGuides on to see the word “path”, indicating you did, in fact, select a path)
a path connects two adjacent anchor points
Moving an Object Select the rectangle using Selection tool
Move it
Shift-Drag constrains to 45 degree angles.
Alt-Drag makes a copy of the object being moved
Illustrator overview Page 45
Summary: We use the direct selection tool to select part of an object; the Selection tool to select the entire object
Add More Anchor pointsWant to add two additional anchor points along the top path of the rectangle
Ctrl-Z to return the rectangle to its original 5” x 2” shape
o Show rulers (if not already showing)
o Drag out two vertical guides from the rulers
o To precisely position where we want the new anchor points
Initially will be locked
To unlock:Illustrator overview Page 46
View>Guides
Check the Lock Guides box
Rearranging stacking order
o Open the Layers panel
Expand Layer 1…
Illustrator overview Page 47
o The guides are on top, but we want the paths to be on top so we can add anchor points along a path…
Bring the rectangle to the top
Method # 1: drag the <Path> Layer to the top:
Method # 2: select the rectangle (black arrow)
Select Object>Arrange>Bring to front:
Select the rectangle using the Direct select (White arrow) tool
Illustrator overview Page 48
Now, select the Add Anchor Point tool
Click where your guides meet the path: look for “intersect” via smart guides
Deselect all
Select both by dragging over both with Direct Select tool (or select one, then Shift-click the second
Make sure both anchors are filled-in (i.e. Direct selected)
Illustrator overview Page 49
Anchor points are solid when selected, open when not selected.
Pull down the path between the two new points
Hiding the guides View>Guides>Hide Guides
o Save
o Close the document and Illustrator
Summary:
Illustrator plays "connect the dots" to create paths
No pixels are involved.
Illustrator overview Page 50
There are several drawing tools: rectangles, ellipses, stars, pencil, pen
Objects are defined using anchor points
We can add anchor points to existing objects
Paths connect the points
Objects have fills and strokes
Objects can be resized
Objects can be blended into each other
Color Management is comprehensive
We can use Selection and Direct Select tools
Illustrator overview Page 51