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BAI M AUBAI M AUBAI M AUBAI M AU ONG T VERBVERBVERBVERB

ong t c dung e lam hanh ong cho chu t. e phan biet cac loai ong loai ong loai ong loai ong tttt (kinds of verbs), chung ta hay quan sat s o di ay:

Auxiliary verb Auxiliary verb Auxiliary verb Auxiliary verb : (do, have, be) Special verb Special verb Special verb Special verb :

Modal verbModal verbModal verbModal verb : (must, can, may, might, could, should ) Verb Verb Verb Verb :

Regular verb Regular verb Regular verb Regular verb : (open, close, clean, remember) Ordinary verb :Ordinary verb :Ordinary verb :Ordinary verb :

Irregular verb Irregular verb Irregular verb Irregular verb : (run, write, speak, drive)

ong t tieng Anh co hai loai: ong t ac biet ong t ac biet ong t ac biet ong t ac biet (special verb) va ong t ong t ong t ong t thngthngthngthng (ordinary verb).

(1) ong t ac biet(1) ong t ac biet(1) ong t ac biet(1) ong t ac biet gom co:

* ong t tr * ong t tr * ong t tr * ong t tr (auxiliary verb) : bebebebe (dung e chia cac th tiep dien, the thu ong), have have have have (dung e chia cac th hoan thanh), dodododo (dung e chia cac the phu nh va nghi van).

- He is working hard this month. (th hien tai tiep dien) - The house was built five years ago. (the thu ong) - He has learned English for two years. (th hien tai hoan thanh) - Do you like tea ? (the nghi van) - She does not like coffee. (the phu nh)

* ong t khiem khuyet* ong t khiem khuyet* ong t khiem khuyet* ong t khiem khuyet (modal verb) : can phai co ong theo sau.

- We must study hard. - He can play the piano.

ac iem chung cua cac ong t ac bietac iem chung cua cac ong t ac bietac iem chung cua cac ong t ac bietac iem chung cua cac ong t ac biet la khi oi sang the phu nh ta ch can them NOTNOTNOTNOT vao sau cac ong t o va khi oi sang the nghi van ta a cac ong t o ra au cau.

- He is not working hard this month. - Is he working hard this month ? - He has not found his book. - Have you seen her yet ? - She cannot swim. - Should we go there ?

(2) ong (2) ong (2) ong (2) ong t thng t thng t thng t thng gom co :

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* ong t co qui tac * ong t co qui tac * ong t co qui tac * ong t co qui tac (regular verb) : la ong t khi thanh lap th qua kh n (simple past) hay qua kh phan t (past paticiple) ta ch can them EDEDEDED vao sau ong t o.

- I openedopenedopenedopened the door this morning. (simple past ) - I have openedopenedopenedopened the door. (past participle)

* ong t bat qui tac* ong t bat qui tac* ong t bat qui tac* ong t bat qui tac (irregular verb) : la ong t co hnh thc qua kh (xem cot 2 cua bang ong t bat qui tac) va qua kh phan t (xem cot 3) rieng.

to go went gone to write wrote written to run ran run to hit hit hit

- He wentwentwentwent to the cinema last night. (simple past ) - He has gone gone gone gone out. (past participle)

ong t thng co chung ac iemong t thng co chung ac iemong t thng co chung ac iemong t thng co chung ac iem la khi oi sang the phu nh va nghi van ta phai dung ong t tr to do. Ta them NOTNOTNOTNOT vao sau cac ong t tr the phu nh va a ong t tr ra au cau neu the nghi van.

- He did not go to the pub last night. - Did he go to the cinema last night ? - I do not like tea. - Do you enjoy classical music ? - She does not know the answer. - Does he understand the lesson ?

* ong t to do va la ong t thng va la ong t tr. - He does does does does his homework. (ong t thng) - He doesdoesdoesdoes not understand the lesson. (ong t tr)

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Bai 1Bai 1Bai 1Bai 1:::: CACH DUNG CAC THCACH DUNG CAC THCACH DUNG CAC THCACH DUNG CAC TH (THE USE OF TENSES)(THE USE OF TENSES)(THE USE OF TENSES)(THE USE OF TENSES)

Th bieu th thi gian va trang thai cua hanh ong c dien at bang ong t. Co 12 th dang chu ong cua ong t tieng Anh. e hieu c hnh thai cua cac th, ta co the nghien cu cach chia ong t TO WORK trong bang di ay :

SimpleSimpleSimpleSimple ContinuousContinuousContinuousContinuous PerfectPerfectPerfectPerfect Perfect continuousPerfect continuousPerfect continuousPerfect continuous PresentPresentPresentPresent

- IIII (You / We / They) workworkworkwork - He (He (He (He (She / It) worksworksworksworks

- I am workingI am workingI am workingI am working - He He He He (She / It) isisisis workingworkingworkingworking ---- You ( You ( You ( You (We / They) are workinare workinare workinare workingggg

- IIII (You / We / They) have workedhave workedhave workedhave worked - HeHeHeHe (She / It) hashashashas workedworkedworkedworked

- IIII (You / We / They) have been have been have been have been workingworkingworkingworking - HeHeHeHe ( She / It) has has has has beenbeenbeenbeen workingworkingworkingworking

PastPastPastPast ---- I I I I (You / He / She / It / We / They) workedworkedworkedworked

- IIII (He / She / It) was workingwas workingwas workingwas working - You You You You (We / They) were workingwere workingwere workingwere working

- IIII (You / He / She / It / We / They) hadhadhadhad workedworkedworkedworked

---- I I I I (You / He / She / It / We / They) had had had had beenbeenbeenbeen workingworkingworkingworking

FutureFutureFutureFuture - IIII (We) shallshallshallshall workworkworkwork - You You You You (He / She / it / They) will workwill workwill workwill work

- IIII (We) shall beshall beshall beshall be workingworkingworkingworking - YouYouYouYou (He / She / It / They) will bewill bewill bewill be workingworkingworkingworking

- I I I I (We) sssshall havehall havehall havehall have workedworkedworkedworked - YouYouYouYou (He / She / it / They) will havewill havewill havewill have workedworkedworkedworked

- IIII (We) shall have shall have shall have shall have beenbeenbeenbeen workingworkingworkingworking - YouYouYouYou (He / She / It / They) will have will have will have will have been workingbeen workingbeen workingbeen working

* 1* 1* 1* 1. SO SANHSO SANHSO SANHSO SANH TH SIMPLE PRESENT TH SIMPLE PRESENT TH SIMPLE PRESENT TH SIMPLE PRESENT VA TH VA TH VA TH VA TH PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Tieng Anh co hai th hien tai ma a so cac em hoc sinh hay lan lon cach s dung.

o la th hien tai n (Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present) va th hien tai tiep dien (PresentPresentPresentPresent ContinuousContinuousContinuousContinuous).

* Th Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present c dung e ch mot hanh ong dien ra trong thi gian noi chung, khong nhat thiet phai la thi gian hien tai. Thi gian noi chung la thi gian ma s viec dien ra moi ngay (every dayevery dayevery dayevery day), moi tuan (every weekevery weekevery weekevery week), moi thang (every every every every monthmonthmonthmonth), moi nam (every yearevery yearevery yearevery year), moi mua (every spring / summer / autuevery spring / summer / autuevery spring / summer / autuevery spring / summer / autumnmnmnmn / winter)/ winter)/ winter)/ winter)

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- He goesgoesgoesgoes to school every day. - Mrs Brown travelstravelstravelstravels every summer.

* Th Present ContinuousPresent ContinuousPresent ContinuousPresent Continuous c dung e ch mot hanh ong ang xay ra (aaaa current current current current activityactivityactivityactivity) hay mot s viec chung ta ang lam bay gi (now/ at present/ at thisnow/ at present/ at thisnow/ at present/ at thisnow/ at present/ at this mommommommomentententent), hom nay (todaytodaytodaytoday), tuan nay (this weekthis weekthis weekthis week), nam nay (this yearthis yearthis yearthis year)

- We are learningare learningare learningare learning English now. - Mary is playingis playingis playingis playing the piano at the moment.

Hay so sanhHay so sanhHay so sanhHay so sanh : - I work in a bakery every day.every day.every day.every day. - Im working in a bakery this week.this week.this week.this week.

* CHU Y :* CHU Y :* CHU Y :* CHU Y : (1) + Th Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present thng c dung vi cac ong t ch tri giacong t ch tri giacong t ch tri giacong t ch tri giac (verbs of

perception) nh : feel, see, hearfeel, see, hearfeel, see, hearfeel, see, hear va cac ong t ch trang thaiong t ch trang thaiong t ch trang thaiong t ch trang thai nh : know,know,know,know, understand, understand, understand, understand, mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believemean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believemean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believemean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe

+ Ngoai ra chung ta con dung th Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present vi ong t : be,: be,: be,: be, appear, appear, appear, appear, belong, have tobelong, have tobelong, have tobelong, have to

+ Th Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present con c dung vi cac trang t ch tan suat laptrang t ch tan suat laptrang t ch tan suat laptrang t ch tan suat lap i lap laii lap laii lap laii lap lai (adverbs of frequency) nh : always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, galways, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, galways, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, galways, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, generally, enerally, enerally, enerally, rarely, neverrarely, neverrarely, neverrarely, never

- That child needsneedsneedsneeds care. - This book belongsbelongsbelongsbelongs to me. - He never comescomescomescomes late.

+ Chung ta cung dung th Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present e ch mot chan lymot chan lymot chan lymot chan ly hay mot s that hien mot s that hien mot s that hien mot s that hien nhiennhiennhiennhien (a general truth).

- The sun risesrisesrisesrises in the east. - Nothing isisisis more precious than independence and freedom.

(2) Th Present ContinuousPresent ContinuousPresent ContinuousPresent Continuous con c dung e ch hanh ong mothanh ong mothanh ong mothanh ong mot tng lai gantng lai gantng lai gantng lai gan (a near future action) va thng i vi cac trang t ch tng lai nh : tomorrow, next tomorrow, next tomorrow, next tomorrow, next week, next month, next week, next month, next week, next month, next week, next month, next year, next summeryear, next summeryear, next summeryear, next summer Exercise I :Exercise I :Exercise I :Exercise I : Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense.tense.tense.tense.

1/ I (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day.

2/ My brother (work) __________ in a shoe store this summer.

3/ The student (look) ___________ up that new word now.

4/ She (go) __________ to school every day.

5/ We (do) __________ this exercise at the moment.

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6/ Miss Helen (read) ___________ a newspaper now.

7/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now.

8/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard.

9/ He generally (sing) __________ in English, but today he (sing) __________ in Spanish.

10/ We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30.

11/ She sometimes (buy) ___________ vegetables at his market.

12/ Be quiet. The baby (sleep) ____________.

13/ We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully.

14/ Look. A man (run) ___________ after the train. He (want) ___________ to catch it.

15/ It (be) __________ very cold now. 16/ John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow.

17/ I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks.

18/ Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums.

19/ Mary (love) __________ ice-cream.

20/ My mother (cook) ___________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) __________ in the mornings.

21/ I often (leave) __________ the city at weekends.

22/ The guests (watch) __________ the TV programmes now.

23/ I (see) ___________ you (wear) ___________ your best clothes.

24/ The sun (set)___________ in the west.

25/ My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night.

26/ Listen. I (hear)___________ someone knocking at the front door.

27/ I (do) __________ an exercise on the present tense at the moment and I (think) __________ that I (know) __________ how to use it now.

28/ Honesty (be) __________ the best policy.

29/ The earth (goes) __________ round the sun.

30/ Two and two (make) __________ four.

* 2* 2* 2* 2 SO SANHSO SANHSO SANHSO SANH TH PRESENT PERFECTTH PRESENT PERFECTTH PRESENT PERFECTTH PRESENT PERFECT VAVAVAVA TH SIMPLE PASTTH SIMPLE PASTTH SIMPLE PASTTH SIMPLE PAST

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* Th PresentPresentPresentPresent perfect perfect perfect perfect (Hien Tai Hoan Thanh) c dung e ch mot qua kh khong ro thi iem con lien lac vi hien tai.

* Th Simple PastSimple PastSimple PastSimple Past (Qua Kh n) c dung e ch mot qua kh co thi iem ro ret cat t vi hien tai.

+ CHU + CHU + CHU + CHU Y :Y :Y :Y : (1) Th Present PerfectPresent PerfectPresent PerfectPresent Perfect thng i vi nhng t nh : up to now: up to now: up to now: up to now, up toup toup toup to the presentthe presentthe presentthe present,

so farso farso farso far (cho ti nay), not yetnot yetnot yetnot yet (van cha), for, since, everfor, since, everfor, since, everfor, since, ever (a tng), never, several never, several never, several never, several timestimestimestimes (nhieu lan), justjustjustjust (va), recentlyrecentlyrecentlyrecently (va mi), latelylatelylatelylately (mi ay) ...

- HaveHaveHaveHave you ever seenever seenever seenever seen a tiger ? - The train has not arrivedhas not arrivedhas not arrivedhas not arrived yet. - We have livedhave livedhave livedhave lived here for 6 years. - The bell has just rung.has just rung.has just rung.has just rung.

(2) * Th Simple PastSimple PastSimple PastSimple Past thng i vi nhng tieng ch thi gian qua kh xac nh nh : yesterdayyesterdayyesterdayyesterday, the day before yestthe day before yestthe day before yestthe day before yesterdayerdayerdayerday, last weeklast weeklast weeklast week, last month,last month,last month,last month, last yearlast yearlast yearlast year, last last last last summersummersummersummer, agoagoagoago.

- We camecamecamecame here a month ago. - He wentwentwentwent to the cinema yesterday.

* Th Simple PastSimple PastSimple PastSimple Past con c dung e ch mot chuoi cac hanh ong ke tiep xay ra trong qua kh.

- He closedclosedclosedclosed all the windows, lockedlockedlockedlocked the doors and then wentwentwentwent out. Exercise II :Exercise II :Exercise II :Exercise II : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.

1/ We (never watch) __________ that TV programme.

2/ We (wacth) __________ a good programme on TV last night.

3/ He (read) __________ that novel many times before.

4/ He (read) __________ that novel again during my last vacation.

5/ I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week.

6/ However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then.

7/ I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago.

8/ The school bell (ring) __________. We must go now.

9/ I (meet) __________ Mary last night. She (become) __________ a very big girl.

10/ He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning.

11/ It is very hot. Summer (come) __________.

12/ They (study) __________ at this school for 7 years now.

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13/ They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago.

14/ Since when (you know) ___________ her ?

15/ How long ago (he start) __________ to learn French ?

16/ She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning.

17/ My mother (be) ________ in hospital for a long time and she cannot go home yet.

18/ His dog (just run) __________ out of the garden.

19/ Mr Brown (travel) __________ by air several times in the past.

20/ He (travel) ___________ to Mexico by air last summer.

* 3.* 3.* 3.* 3. SO SANHSO SANHSO SANHSO SANH THTHTHTH PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT VAVAVAVA THTHTHTH PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSPRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSPRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSPRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

+ Th Present perfectPresent perfectPresent perfectPresent perfect (Hien Tai Hoan Thanh) c dung e ch ket qua cua mot

tnh trang hien tai (the result of the present state), mot viec xay ra trong qua kh khong ro thi iem, lap i lap lai nhieu lan va keo dai en hien tai.

+ Th PresentPresentPresentPresent Perfect Continuous Perfect Continuous Perfect Continuous Perfect Continuous (Hien Tai Hoan Thanh Tiep Dien) c dung e ch s tiep dien cua mot hanh ong (the continuity of an action) cho ti hien tai.

- I have been waiting forforforfor two hours, but she has not come yet. - He has been living here sincesincesincesince 1975. - We have been working in the garden allallallall morning.

+ Th Present Perfect ContinuousPresent Perfect ContinuousPresent Perfect ContinuousPresent Perfect Continuous con c dung vi cac ong t nh : lie,lie,lie,lie, wait, sit, wait, sit, wait, sit, wait, sit, stand, study, learn, live, rest, staystand, study, learn, live, rest, staystand, study, learn, live, rest, staystand, study, learn, live, rest, stay

- They have been learning English since 1995. - The chair has been lying in the store window for ages.

Exercise IIIExercise IIIExercise IIIExercise III : : : : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfectPut the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfectPut the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfectPut the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.continuous tense.continuous tense.continuous tense.

1/ I (try) __________ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) __________ yet.

2/ She (read) _________ all the works of Dickens.How many (you read) _________ ?

3/ I (wait) __________ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget) __________ to come ?

4/ Mary (rest) __________ in the garden all day because she (be) __________ ill.

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5/ Although John (study) __________ at the University for 5 years, he (not get) __________ his degree yet.

6/ Jack (go) __________ to Switzerland for a holiday. He (never, be) __________ there.

7/ We (live) __________ here for the last six months, and (just, decide) __________ to move.

8/ That book ( lie) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) _________ it yet ?

9/ He (not be) ___________ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) __________ since then.

10/ He (lose) ___________ his books. He (look) ____________ for them all afternoon, but they (not turn up) ___________ yet.

11/ She (work) ___________ so hard this week that she (not have) ___________ time to go to the cinema.

12/ Your hair is wet. (You swim) __________ for a long time ?

13/ Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive)__________ cars for six years.

14/ You look very tired. (You work) __________very hard ?

15/ The phone (ring) __________ for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) __________ it yet. Exercise IV :Exercise IV :Exercise IV :Exercise IV : Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.

1/ I (be) __________ sorry. I (forget) __________ that fellows name already.

2/ Jack (look) __________ forward to his vacation next June.

3/ I (have) __________ no trouble with my english lessons up to now.

4/ Mr and Mrs Brown (be) ___________ in New York for 2 months.

5/ Michael (work) __________ 38 hours a week.

6/ At present, that author (write) ___________ a novel.

7/ George (do) __________ good work in this class so far. 8/ The weather( generally, get) __________ hot in July .

9/ You must wake her up. She (sleep) __________soundly for 10 hours.

10/ Listen! I (think) __________ someone (knock) __________ at the front door.

11/ How long (you learn) __________ English?

12/ That student (know) __________ all the new words very well now.

13/ Alice (lose) __________ her Vienamese-English dictionary.

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14/ Fred (just, graduate) __________ from Oxford University.

15/ The earth (circle) __________ the sun once every 365 days.

16/ That grandfather clock (stand) __________ there for as long as I can remember.

17/ That brown briefcase (belong) __________ to Dr.Rice.

18/ Jim (work) __________ on his report this year.

19/ Robert (wait) __________ for you since noon.

20/ That museum (stand) ___________ here for ceturies.

21/ The sun (get) __________ very hot during the afternoon.

22/ Tom (buy) ___________ a new car next week.

23/ The boys and girls (go) ___________ home after this lesson.

24/ Davis (play) __________ football every afternoon.

25/ Up to the present, we (write) __________ almost every lesson in this book.

* 4. 4. 4. 4. SO SANHSO SANHSO SANHSO SANH TH SIMPLE PASTTH SIMPLE PASTTH SIMPLE PASTTH SIMPLE PAST VA THVA THVA THVA TH PAST CONTINUOUSPAST CONTINUOUSPAST CONTINUOUSPAST CONTINUOUS

+ Th Simple PastSimple PastSimple PastSimple Past (Qua Kh n) c dung e ch mot hanh ong ngan (thnh

lnh) xay ra trong qua kh. - I metmetmetmet him in the street yesterday.

+ Th Past ContinuousPast ContinuousPast ContinuousPast Continuous (Qua Kh Tiep Dien) c dung e ch mot hanh ong keo dai trong qua kh tng ng vi mot hanh ong khac cung trong qua kh.

- I met him while he was crossingwas crossingwas crossingwas crossing the street. - She was goingwas goingwas goingwas going home when she saw an accident.

+ Th Past ContinuousPast ContinuousPast ContinuousPast Continuous con dien ta mot hanh ong keo dai tai iem thi gian xac nh qua kh hoac hai hanh ong lien tiep song song vi nhau.

- My father was watchingwas watchingwas watchingwas watching TV at 8 oclock last night. - I was doingwas doingwas doingwas doing my homework while my father was watchingwas watchingwas watchingwas watching TV.

Exercise V :Exercise V :Exercise V :Exercise V : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.

1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him.

2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________.

3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea.

4/ When it (rain) __________ , she(carry) __________ an umbrella.

5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain.

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6/ He (teach) __________ English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and (work) __________ as a journalist.

7/ The house (burn) __________ fast, so we (break) __________ the window to get out.

8/ He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him.

9/ The servant (drop) __________ two cups while she (wash up) __________ last night; neither of them (break) __________.

10/ While I (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) __________; as he (go) __________ to answer it, he (hear) __________ a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) __________ while he (walk) __________ to the door, but just as he (open) __________ it, it (stop) __________.

* 5.* 5.* 5.* 5. SO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH TH SIMPLE PASTSIMPLE PASTSIMPLE PASTSIMPLE PAST VA THVA THVA THVA TH PPPPAST PERFECTAST PERFECTAST PERFECTAST PERFECT

+ Th Past Perfect (Past Perfect (Past Perfect (Past Perfect (Qua Kh Hoan Thanh) dung e ch mot hanh ong xay ra trc

mot hanh ong khac cung trong qua kh (past action). - When he had finishedhad finishedhad finishedhad finished his work, he went home. - By the time I arrived at the station, the train had gonehad gonehad gonehad gone.

+ Th Past PerfectPast PerfectPast PerfectPast Perfect con dien ta mot hanh ong xay ra trc mot iem thi gian xac nh qua kh.

- By 10 oclock last night, I had gonehad gonehad gonehad gone to bed. Exercise VI :Exercise VI :Exercise VI :Exercise VI : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tPut the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tPut the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tPut the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tenseenseenseense.

1/ They (go) __________ home after they (finish) __________ their work.

2/ He (do) _________ nothing before he (see) ___________ me.

3/ He (thank) __________ me for what I (do) __________ for him.

4/ I (be) __________ sorry that I (hurt) __________ him.

5/ After they (go) __________ , I (sit) __________ down and (rest) __________.

6/ When I (arrive), the dinner (already, begin) ______________.

7/ My friend (not see) __________ me for many years when I (meet) __________ last week.

8/ He (learn) __________ English before he (leave) __________ for England.

9/ In England, he soon (remember) __________ all he (learn) __________.

10/ They (tell) __________ him they (not meet) __________ him before.

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11/ He (ask) __________ why we (come) __________ so early.

12/ She (say) __________ that she (already, see) ___________ Dr. Rice.

13/ By the time Bill (get) __________ there, the meeting (start) __________.

14/ When we (arrive) __________ at our place, we (find) __________ that a burglar (break) ____________ in.

15/ Almost everybody (leave) _________ for home by the time we (arrive) ________.

* 6.* 6.* 6.* 6. SO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH TH PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECTPAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT VA THVA THVA THVA TH PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSPAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSPAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSPAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

+ Th Past Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect Continuous (Qua Kh Hoan Thanh Tiep Dien) dung e nhan

manh tnh lien tuc cua hanh ong trc khi mot hanh ong qua kh khac xay ra. Hay so sanh :

- She had been studyinghad been studyinghad been studyinghad been studying English before she came here for classes. (Hanh ong had been studying xay ra lien tuc cho ti khi hanh ong came for

classes xay ra). - She had studiedhad studiedhad studiedhad studied English before she came for classes.

(Hanh ong had studied cham dt trc hanh ong came for classes) Va hay so sanh :

- It had been raininghad been raininghad been raininghad been raining when I got up this morning. (Ma a dt khi toi thc day.) - It was rainingwas rainingwas rainingwas raining when I got up this morning. (Ma van con khi toi thc day.)

Exercise VIIExercise VIIExercise VIIExercise VII : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect continuous tense.continuous tense.continuous tense.continuous tense.

1/ I (ask) _________ him what he (do) __________.

2/ Tom (be) _________ tired. He (run) __________ for an hour.

3/ Although he (go) __________ to the doctor for 6 months, he (not, feel) __________ any better.

4/ The telephone (ring) __________ for 5 minutes before it (be) __________ answered.

5/ They (tell) __________ me you (live) __________ in London before the war.

6/ The poor man (wait) __________ for 6 hours before he (be) __________ brought into the room.

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7/ By noon that day, we (drive) __________ for 5 hours.

8/ The robber who (watch) __________ him running to the tree (sit) __________ down under its branches and (begin) __________ to attack him.

9/ I (ask) _________ her what she (do) _______ since she (arrive) ________ in England.

10/ She (tell) __________ me that she (study) __________ English literature. * 7.* 7.* 7.* 7. SO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH TH SIMPLE FUTURESIMPLE FUTURESIMPLE FUTURESIMPLE FUTURE

VA THVA THVA THVA TH FUTURE CONTINUOUSFUTURE CONTINUOUSFUTURE CONTINUOUSFUTURE CONTINUOUS

+ Th Simple FutureSimple FutureSimple FutureSimple Future (Tng Lai n) dien ta mot hanh ong se xay ra (co hoac khong co thi gian xac nh tng lai); con th Future ContinuousFuture ContinuousFuture ContinuousFuture Continuous (Tng Lai Tiep Dien) dien ta mot hanh ong lien tien tai iem thi gian xac nh tng lai.

- He will gowill gowill gowill go to the stadium next Sunday. - We will / shall havewill / shall havewill / shall havewill / shall have the final test.

Hay so sanh : - I will eatwill eatwill eatwill eat breakfast at 6 oclock tomorrow. (Vao luc 6 gi sang mai, toi se

bat au dung ba iem tam.) - I will be eatingwill be eatingwill be eatingwill be eating breakfast at 6 oclock tomorrow. (Vao luc 6 gi sang mai,

toi se ang dung ba iem tam.) + Trong cac menh e trang t ch thi gian (adverb clause of time) hay menh e

ieu kien (adverb clause of condition), th Simple PresentSimple PresentSimple PresentSimple Present c dung e thay the cho th Simple Future.

- I shall not go until I seeseeseesee him. - If he comescomescomescomes tomorrow, he will do it.

+ Chu y :+ Chu y :+ Chu y :+ Chu y : WILL con c dung cho tat ca cac ngoi. ExerciseExerciseExerciseExercise VIII VIII VIII VIII : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense.tense.tense.tense.

1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________.

2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me.

3/ Wait until I (catch) __________ you.

4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten.

5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out.

6/ Miss Helen (help) ___________ you as soon as she (finish) _________ that letter.

7/ He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there.

8/ She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready.

9/ He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him.

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10/ I (come) ________ and (see) _________ you before I (leave) ________ for England.

* 8.* 8.* 8.* 8. SO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH THSO SANH TH FUTURE PFUTURE PFUTURE PFUTURE PERFECTERFECTERFECTERFECT VA THVA THVA THVA TH FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSFUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSFUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSFUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

+ Th Future PerfectFuture PerfectFuture PerfectFuture Perfect (Tng Lai Hoan Thanh) c dung e ch mot hanh ong se

hoan thanh trc mot hanh ong khac trong tng lai hay mot iem thi gian tng lai.

- The taxi will have arriwill have arriwill have arriwill have arrivedvedvedved by the time you finish dressing. - By next Christmas, he will have livedwill have livedwill have livedwill have lived in Dalat for 5 years.

+ e nhan manh tnh lien tuc cua hanh ong, chung ta dung th Future PerfectFuture PerfectFuture PerfectFuture Perfect Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous (Tng Lai Hoan Thanh Tiep Dien).

- By the time you receive this letter, we shallshallshallshall have been travellinghave been travellinghave been travellinghave been travelling through Russia.

- By next June, they will have been workingwill have been workingwill have been workingwill have been working in this factory for 12 years. Exercise IX :Exercise IX :Exercise IX :Exercise IX : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, present Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, present Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, present Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, present perfect or future perfect tenseperfect or future perfect tenseperfect or future perfect tenseperfect or future perfect tense....

1/ Ill wait until he (write) __________ his next novel.

2/ When you (come) _________ back, he (already buy) __________ a new house.

3/ Dont come until I (finish) _________ lunch.

4/ I (hope) _________ it (stop) __________ raining by 5 oclock this afternoon.

5/ The river (not begin)_________ to rise until some rain (fall)__________.

6/ I (stay) __________ here until you (finish) _________ your work.

7/ By next month, I (leave) _________ for India.

8/ He (finish) _________ his work before you (leave) __________.

9/ Before you (go) __________, they (leave) __________ the country.

10/ The meeting (finish) _________ by the time we (get) _________ there. Exercise X :Exercise X :Exercise X :Exercise X : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future ccccontinuous or future perfect tense.ontinuous or future perfect tense.ontinuous or future perfect tense.ontinuous or future perfect tense.

1/ We (send) __________ you a telegram as soon as we (arrive) _________ in London.

2/ When George (come) __________ this afternoon, he (bring) __________ his friends.

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3/ I (speak) _________ to you about that matter after the meeting tonight.

4/ By the time you (receive) __________ this letter, we (cross) __________ the Atlantic Ocean.

5/ By this time next week, you (meet) __________ my boyfriend, Ali.

6/ I (wait) __________ for you right here when you (come) __________ out of the building.

7/ She (wait) __________ for you at 5 oclock this afternoon.

8/ I (give) __________ it back as soon as he (want) __________ it.

9/ I (not move) __________ from here until you (get) __________ back.

10/ They (not come) __________ home until they (see) __________ everything. Exercise XIExercise XIExercise XIExercise XI : : : : Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.

1/ They (just decide) __________ that they (undertake) ___________ the job.

2/ We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night.

3/ He usually (write) __________ in green ink.

4/ She (play) __________ the piano when our guests (arrive) __________ last night.

5/ We (do) __________ an English exercise at the moment.

6/ She (just come) __________ in and (see) __________ you in 5 minutes.

7/ I (come) __________ as soon as my work is finished. (You be) __________ ready ?

8/ Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year ?

9/ I (not leave) _________ Paris since we (go) _________ to Dieppe three years ago.

10/ My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend.

11/ We (meet) __________ only yesterday and (already decide) __________ to get married.

12/ I (never see) __________ snow.

13/ Violets (bloom) __________ in spring.

14/ We (not live) ___________ in England for the last two months.

15/ I (lose) _________ my keys; I cannot remember where I last (see) _________ them.

16/ He (not arrive) __________ when I (write) __________ my last letter to you.

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17/ Whenever you (go) _________ to town nowadays, you (spend) _________ a lot of money.

18/ I (never forget) __________ what you (just tell) __________ me.

19/ They (prepare) __________ the Christmas dinner today.

20/ When I last (stay) ___________ in Cairo, I (ride) __________ to the Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow) ____________ the day before.

21/ I (finish) ___________ the book before my next birthday.

22/ Hello! (You make) __________ a cake ?

23/ He (walk) __________ very quickly when I (meet) __________ him yesterday.

24/ We (meet) __________ you tomorrow after you (finish) __________ your work.

25/ Yesterday I (buy) __________ a new watch as my old one (be) __________ stolen. Exercise XIIExercise XIIExercise XIIExercise XII : : : : Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.

1/ He said he (be) __________ sorry he (give) __________ me so much trouble.

2/ I am sorry that I (not know) _________ you (leave) __________ your pipe when you (come) __________ to see me last Thursday.

3/ He (be) __________ so good to me when I was a boy that to this day I (not forget) __________ his kindness, and I hope that I (never forget) __________.

4/ He (sleep) __________ and (not understand) ___________ what you (say) __________ to him. He (wake) __________ if you (speak) __________ louder. 5/ Some animals (not eat) ___________ during the winter and only (come) __________ out in spring.

6/ After leaving school he (study) __________ French in Paris for two years and then (move) __________ to America, where he now (live) _________. He (visit) __________ England once or twice and (know) __________ English well; but (not have) __________ yet the opportunity of visiting European countries.

7/ I (know) __________ him for a very long time.

8/ When my friend Tom grows a beard, even his closest friends (not recognize) __________ him.

9/ When I (meet) __________ him in the street, he (go) __________ to the pictures.

10/ I (study) _________ English for six years now.

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11/ I expect he (leave) __________ for France as soon as he (get) __________ a visa.

12/ He (visit) ______ his friend yesterday and (find) _______ that he (be) ________ out.

13/ They (sell) _________ all the dresses before we (get) __________ there.

14/ After she (work) __________ at the hospital for two years, she (decide) __________ to give up the job.

15/ He will come at once because I (tell) __________ him by phone that you (need) __________ him urgently. Im sure he (find) __________ his way easily although he (never visit) __________ this house before.

16/ By the time you get back, I (finish) __________ all my correspondence and then I (can help) ______________ you with yours.

17/ In a few minutes time, when the clock (strike) __________ six, I (wait) __________ here for an hour.

18/ He (know) ________ her a long time before he finally (get) _______ married to her.

19/ I hope it (not rain) __________ when the bride (leave) __________ the church.

20/ I (tell) a lie if I said that I (like) __________ you.

21/ They (intend) __________ to go there next week; but now they (find) __________ they (not have) __________ enough money.

22/ When he grew old he often (think) __________ of all the things he (do) ___________ when he (be) __________ young.

23/ When we (go) __________ to see them last night, they (play) __________ cards; they (say) __________ they (play) __________ since six oclock.

24/ This is the second time you (break) __________ a cup; you (break) __________ one yesterday. My last servant (never break)____________ anything, and you (break) ___________ nearly half the things in the house.

25/ I always (tell) ___________ you to comb your hair, but you never (do) ___________ what I (say) ___________ . EXERCISE XIII :EXERCISE XIII :EXERCISE XIII :EXERCISE XIII : Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.

1/ Mrs Reed (turn) _________ on the radio in her car while she (drive) _________ home yesterday. She (listen) ___________ to some music when she suddenly (hear) ___________ a siren. She (look) ____________ in her mirror and (see) _________ an ambulance behind her. She immediately (pull) ________ her car to the side of the road and (wait) _________ for the ambulance (pass) _________.

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2/ My mother (call) ___________ me around 5 oclock. My husband (come) _________ home a little after that. When he (come) __________ home, I (talk) ___________ to my mother on the phone.

3/ Next month I (have) _________ a weeks vacation. I (plan) _________ to take a trip. First I (go) _________ to Madison, Wisconsin to visit my brother. After I (leave) ________ Madion, I (go) _________ Chicago to see a friend who (study) _________ at a university there. She (live) _________ in Chicago for three years, so she (know) _________ her way around the city. She (promise) _________ to take me to many interesting places. I (never, be) _________ in Chicago, so I (look) _________ forward to going there.

4/ Yesterday John (eat) _____________ breakfast at 8:00. He (already, eat) _________ breakfast when he (leave) ____________ for class at 8:45. He (always, eat) _________ breakfast before he (go) _____________ to class. I (usually, not eat) _________ breakfast before I (go) _________ to class. But I (usually, get) _________ hungry about midmorning. Tomorrow before I (go) _____________ to class, I (eat) _________ breakfast.

5/ Last year, I (go) __________ mountain climbing for the first time. It was exciting and terrifying at the same time. We (move) ___________slowly and carefully, and it (take) ___________ three days to get to the top. When we climbed onto the summit, we (find) ___________ another group of climbers. They (arrive) ___________ several hours ahead of us. They (have) ___________ dinner and listening to Beethoven. We (laugh) __________ and they (invite) ___________ us to join them. The climb (be) ___________, to say the least, an unforgettable experience.

6/ The weather (be) ___________ terrible lately. It (rain) ___________ off and on for two days, and the temperature (drop) ___________ at least twenty degrees. It (be) ___________ in the low 40s right now. Just three days ago, the sun (shine) ___________ and the weather was pleasant. The weather certainly (change) ___________ quickly here. I never know what to expect. Who knows ? When I (wake) ___________ up tomorrow morning, maybe it (snow) ___________.

7/ A taxi driver (drive) ____________ along a street when he suddenly (black out) ___________ and lost control of his vehicle. The taxi (plunge) _________ into a nearby river. A hawker, who (see) ______________ the accident, rushed from his coffee stall and (dive) ___________ into the water. He (have) ___________ to swim twenty five metres before he could get to the taxi. The taxi driver (try) ______________ to wind down the window. The hawker reached into the taxi for the safety-belt. After he (release) __________ the safety-belt, he pulled the driver out through the partially open window. At the hospital, the driver (say) ____________ that the black out might (cause) ______________ by his high blood pressure condition.

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8/ Marie Curie, the Polish-born chemist, was a courageous and determined woman. She (leave) ___________ her home for Paris to pursue her interest in science. Living in poverty, she still (manage) ___________ to graduate at the top of her class. She (meet) ___________ Pierre Curie shortly after graduation and (marry) ___________ him a year later.

Together, Pierre and Marie (form) ___________ the most famous husband-and-wife partnership in science history. They (discover) ___________ the radioactive elements, Polonium and Radium. They (award) ___________ the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903.

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Bai 2 :Bai 2 :Bai 2 :Bai 2 : CAU IEU KIENCAU IEU KIENCAU IEU KIENCAU IEU KIEN (Conditional Sentenc(Conditional Sentenc(Conditional Sentenc(Conditional Sentence)e)e)e)

Mot cau ieu kien co hai menh e : menh e ch ieu kien (tc menh e phu) con

c goi la menh e co if (IfIfIfIf----clauseclauseclauseclause) va menh e ch ket qua con c goi la menh e chnh (main clause).main clause).main clause).main clause).

- If he works harder, he will succeed in his examination. (if-clause) (main clause)

Chung ta cung co the at menh e chnh au cau : - He will succeed in his examination if he works harder.

Trong tieng Anh co 3 loai cau ieu kien chnh :

* T* T* T* Type I :ype I :ype I :ype I : IEU KIEN CO THE XAY RA CIEU KIEN CO THE XAY RA CIEU KIEN CO THE XAY RA CIEU KIEN CO THE XAY RA C (probable conditionprobable conditionprobable conditionprobable condition)

1/ Y ngha :1/ Y ngha :1/ Y ngha :1/ Y ngha : Loai ieu kien nay dung e dien ta mot s viec co the xay ra hoac khong the xay ra hien tai hoac tng lai; nhng chung ta co nhieu hy vong no xay ra.

2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :

If- clause Main clauseMain clauseMain clauseMain clause

Simple present Simple future (shall / will + verb)

- If the rain stops, we shall go for a walk. - He will come if you call him.

* Ngoai ra chung ta con co the dung cac khiem khuyet ong t nh : CAN,CAN,CAN,CAN, MUSTMUSTMUSTMUST, MAYMAYMAYMAY e thay cho shall hoac will menh e chnh.

- If you ask me, I cancancancan help you. - You mustmustmustmust study harder if you want to pass the coming exam.

* Menh e chnh co the la mot menh lenh hoac thnh cau :

- Come to me if you need help. - If you have time, perfect your English.

* Type II * Type II * Type II * Type II : : : : IEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT HIEN TAI.IEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT HIEN TAI.IEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT HIEN TAI.IEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT HIEN TAI. (Present (Present (Present (Present---- unreal Con unreal Con unreal Con unreal Con)

1/ Y ngha :1/ Y ngha :1/ Y ngha :1/ Y ngha : Loai ieu kien nay dien ta mot ieu kien kho co the xay ra hay mot s viec khong thc hien c hien tai hoac tng lai.

2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :

If-clause Main clauseMain clauseMain clauseMain clause Past Subjunctive Present Conditional

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(Qua kh gia nh) ( Should / would + verb)

- If I had a lot of free time, I would go swimming. (= I havent got free time, so I wont go swimming)

- If Tom were here, he would know the answer. (= Tom isnt here, so he doesnt know the answer.)

- I would call him if I knew his number. (= I dont know his number, so I wont call him)

* Qua kh gia nh la hnh thc qua kh n cua cac ong t ngoai tr ong t to be ch co mot hnh thc WEREWEREWEREWERE cho tat ca cac ngoi.

* COULDCOULDCOULDCOULD, MIGHTMIGHTMIGHTMIGHT co the c dung e thay the cho should hay would. - If John worked hard, he could pass his exam.

* Type III* Type III* Type III* Type III : IEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT QUA KHIEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT QUA KHIEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT QUA KHIEU KIEN KHONG CO THAT QUA KH. (PastPastPastPast----unreal Condition)unreal Condition)unreal Condition)unreal Condition)

1/ Y ngha 1/ Y ngha 1/ Y ngha 1/ Y ngha : Loai ieu kien nay dung e dien ta mot ieu kien hoan toan khong thc hien c hoac khong xay ra trong qua kh.

2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :2/ Th cua ong t :

If-clause Main clauseMain clauseMain clauseMain clause

Past perfect Perfect Conditional

(Should/ would have + past participle)

- If he had had a lot of money, he would have bought a bigger house. - I would have taken you to the movie if you had come to see me yesterday.

* IfIfIfIf co the c lc bo i neu co s ao ng (thng c dung trong hnh thc nhan manh).

- Were I rich, I would help you. (= If I were rich, I would help you.)

- Had he known the truth, he would have been very angry. (= If he had known the truth, he would have been very angry)

* Ngoai lien t if ra, cau ieu kien con c bat au bang cac lien t khac nh : supposesupposesupposesuppose, supposing thatsupposing thatsupposing thatsupposing that (gia s nh), on the condition thaton the condition thaton the condition thaton the condition that (vi ieu kien la), asasasas long long long long as, so long as,as, so long as,as, so long as,as, so long as, provided thatprovided thatprovided thatprovided that (mien la), in casein casein casein case (trong trng hp) , eveneveneveneven ifififif ( ngay cho la)...

- As long as you return the book by Saturday, I will lend it to you with pleasure.

* Hai tieng co ngha phu nh : unlessunlessunlessunless (tr phi), but forbut forbut forbut for (neu khong)

- He wont come unless you call him. (= He wont come if you dont call him.)

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- But for the storm, he would have arrived much earlier. EXERCISE I :EXERCISE I :EXERCISE I :EXERCISE I : Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.

1/ I (do) if I (have) time. ---- I will do it if I have time I will do it if I have time I will do it if I have time I will do it if I have time. (type 1). (type 1). (type 1). (type 1) ---- I would do it if I had time I would do it if I had time I would do it if I had time I would do it if I had time. (type 2). (type 2). (type 2). (type 2) ---- I would have done it if I had had time I would have done it if I had had time I would have done it if I had had time I would have done it if I had had time. (type 3). (type 3). (type 3). (type 3)

2/ If she (not try), she (not succeed).

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

3/ If I (see) her, I (tell) her.

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

4/ (You do) it if I (ask) you ?

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

5/ If I (be) ill, I (stay) at home.

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

6/ What (you do) if the bus (not come).

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

7/ I (be) sorry if she (leave).

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

8/ I (not stay) in this job if I (can find) another one.

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

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- ____________________________________________________

9/ They (get) wet if it (rain).

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

10/ It (not bite) you unless you (move)

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

11/ We (go) out unless it (stop) snowing.

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

EXERCISE II:EXERCISE II:EXERCISE II:EXERCISE II: Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.

1/ If I (have) ________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.

2/ If I had known that you were in hospital , I (visit) ________ you.

3/ You could make much progress if you (attend) ________ class regularly.

4/ If I (know) ________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.

5/ If you (arrive) ________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.

6/ If he (study) ________ harder, he can pass an exam.

7/ She may be late if she (not hurry) ________.

8/ Tell him to ring me if you (see) ________ him.

9/ If you (speak) ________ more slowly,he might have understood you.

10/ What (you do) ________ if you got fat ? Exercise III :Exercise III :Exercise III :Exercise III : Supply the correct verb tense.Supply the correct verb tense.Supply the correct verb tense.Supply the correct verb tense.

1/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _______ good to you.

2/ He (come) _______ if you waited.

3/ If you (ring) _______ the bell, the servant would come.

4/ If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _______ him.

5/ If it (not, rain) _______ a lot, the rice crop woulnt grow.

6/ If today (be) _______ Sunday, we wouldnt have to work.

7/ If she had had your address, she (write) _______ to you.

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8/ We lost the match. If you (play) _______ for us, we (win) _______.

9/ So long as you return the book by Saturday, I (lend) _______ it to you with pleasure.

10/ They would not be paid unless they (do) _______ their work well.

11/ Provided he (not, be) _______ interrupted, he can finish the work on time.

12/ If it (be) _______ convenient, lets meet at three oclock.

13/ If I became very rich, I (build ) _______ a hospital for the poor.

14/ If he (give) _______ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again.

15/ He (not, have) _______ an accident if he had not been driving so fast.

16/ If she (write) _______ more carefully, she might not have made too many mistakes.

17/ You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _______.

18/ Did she have more practice, she (speak) _______ English better. 19/ Had I known that she was sick, I (visit) _______ her.

20/ Supposing World War III (happen) ________, human civilization (be) _______ destroyed. EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV : Put if or unless into these spaces.Put if or unless into these spaces.Put if or unless into these spaces.Put if or unless into these spaces.

1/ ________ we hurry, well miss the bus.

2/ Will you phone me ________ you come to England ?

3/ ________ you see Jane, ask her to contact me.

4/ Youll never pass your exam ________ you dont work harder.

5/ Liverpool wont win ________ they begin playing better.

6/ ________ you forget our address, you can find it in the phone book.

7/ You wont pass your driving test ________ you drive more carefully.

8/ Hell be ill ________ he doesnt stop worrying so much.

9/ Well go to the beach tomorrow ________ its raining.

10/ Well never get there on time ________ the train leaves soon. EXERCISE VEXERCISE VEXERCISE VEXERCISE V : : : : Use if in place of unlessUse if in place of unlessUse if in place of unlessUse if in place of unless

1/ We wont go out unless it stops raining.

-____________________________________________________________ 2/ I will call the police unless you give back my bicycle.

-____________________________________________________________

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3/ You wouldnt be able to do this exercise unless your English were good.

-____________________________________________________________ 4/ Unless we had enough rain, we couldnt grow rice.

-____________________________________________________________ 5/ The fishermen couldnt have caught a lot of fish unless they had had good nets.

-____________________________________________________________ 6/ I wouldnt buy it unless I could afford it.

-____________________________________________________________ 7/ I would refuse to go unless they paid my expenses.

-____________________________________________________________ 8/ I dont agree with his economic policy. I wouldnt vote for him unless he changed it.

-____________________________________________________________ 9/ He wouldnt have written unless he had heard news.

-____________________________________________________________ 10/ You might not have a terrible toothache unless you went to the dentist regularly.

-____________________________________________________________ EXERCISE VI :EXERCISE VI :EXERCISE VI :EXERCISE VI : The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.

1/ We wanted to go out yesterday but the weather was terrible. If it (be) hadhadhadhad beenbeenbeenbeen a nice day, we (go) would have gonewould have gonewould have gonewould have gone for a picnic. 2/ Why dont you explain everything to him ? If you (not tell) _______ him the truth, Im sure you (regret) _______ it one day.

3/ Mary was here not long ago. If you (come round) _______ earlier, you (see) ______ her.

4/ Apparently, the ferry company are planning to close the port in this town. If that (happen) _______, the town (lose) _______ a great deal of money.

5/ I (help) _______ you with it if I (have) _______ more time but Im afraid I havent got any spare time at all at the moment.

6/ The government is expecting to win the next election, but if it (lose) _______, the Prime Minister (resign) _______ from politics.

7/ I am so glad that you took me to your friends party. If we (not go) _______ there, I (never meet) _______ Kate Winset.

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8/ Its ridiculous that trains are so expensive. If fares (be) _______ cheaper, Im sure more people (use) _______ the train and leave their cars at home.

9/ If she (get) _______ that job shes applied for, she (be) _______ delighted. And I think shes got a good chance of getting it.

10/ Fortunately the explosion took place at night when the streets were empty. It (be) _______ a disaster if it (happen) _______ in the middle of the day.

11/ The talks between the two leaders keep breaking down. If they (break down) _______ again, it is possible that there (be) _______ a war between the two countries.

12/ If Alison (know) _______ anything about car mechanics, Im sure she (help) _______ us fix the car, but I think she knows even less than we do.

13/ Theyve been married for twenty years now but I dont think she (marry) _______ him if she (know) _______ what a selfish man he was.

14/ Children spend too much time watching television and playing computer games. Im sure they (be) _______ happier if they (spend) _______ more time playing outside.

15/ James has everything he wants but hes always moaning. Im sure that if I (have) _______ so much money, I (not moan) _______ all the time. EXERCISE VII :EXERCISE VII :EXERCISE VII :EXERCISE VII : Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses. Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses. Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses. Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses.

Model : a/ My brother will have enough money. He will buy a bicycle. If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle. If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle. If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle. If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle. b/ She cant speak English. She wont apply for the job. If she could speak English she would apply for the job. If she could speak English she would apply for the job. If she could speak English she would apply for the job. If she could speak English she would apply for the job. c/ He wasnt here. He didnt have a lot of fun. If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun. If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun. If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun. If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun. 1/ She cant be employed because she doesnt have a college degree.

______________________________________________ 2/ I dont have enough money. I cant go on a long holiday this year.

______________________________________________ 3/ He is very slow, so we wont give his such an important task.

______________________________________________ 4/ Ill have to work this Sunday, so I shant join your picnic.

______________________________________________ 5/ He works overtime to get more money because he has to pay fathers debt.

______________________________________________ 6/ City life isnt enjoyable because everything is very expensive.

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______________________________________________ 7/ There are industrial factories inside the city, thats why pollution cant be

reduced.

______________________________________________ 8/ Everything on the earth grows well because the sun always shines.

______________________________________________ 9/ There is a grammar error in this English composition, thats why it cant get

a full mark.

______________________________________________ 10/ I dont have a typewriter. I cant type it myself.

______________________________________________ 11/ Ill buy a new hat. Ill give it to you.

______________________________________________ 12/ Youll ask the teacher. Hell explain the lesson to you.

______________________________________________ 13/ Mary doesnt see the sight. She cant tell you about that.

______________________________________________ 14/ I dont know his address. I cant give it to you.

______________________________________________ 15/ He didnt look a lot better because he didnt shave more often.

______________________________________________ 16/ She was ill. She didnt go to work.

______________________________________________ 17/ It was raining all morning. We didnt go out.

______________________________________________ 18/ He was tired. He made a mistake.

______________________________________________ 19/ Peter didnt write to me. I didnt write to him.

______________________________________________ 20/ You didnt ask Alice. She didnt tell you the truth.

______________________________________________ Bai 3 :Bai 3 :Bai 3 :Bai 3 : THE THU ONGTHE THU ONGTHE THU ONGTHE THU ONG

(THE PASSIVE VOICE)(THE PASSIVE VOICE)(THE PASSIVE VOICE)(THE PASSIVE VOICE)

* The chu ongThe chu ongThe chu ongThe chu ong (active voice) la cach at cau ma chu t ong vai tro chu ong. - Mr. Brown wrote the report yesterday. - He has already finished his homework.

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* The thu ongThe thu ongThe thu ongThe thu ong (passive voice) la cach at cau ma chu t ong vai tro b ong. - That house was built 100 years ago. - Those windows are painted blue.

Passive sentence : S + be + past participleS + be + past participleS + be + past participleS + be + past participle 1/ Hay quan sat v du sau :1/ Hay quan sat v du sau :1/ Hay quan sat v du sau :1/ Hay quan sat v du sau :

* Active : TomTomTomTom brokebrokebrokebroke the chairthe chairthe chairthe chair yesterday. S V O

* Passive : The chairThe chairThe chairThe chair was brokenwas brokenwas brokenwas broken by TomTomTomTom yesterday. SSSS be + P.Pbe + P.Pbe + P.Pbe + P.P bybybyby doerdoerdoerdoer 2/ Ghi nh:2/ Ghi nh:2/ Ghi nh:2/ Ghi nh: Cach oi mot cau t active sang passive : * Lay tuc t (O) trong cau chu ong xuong lam chu t (S) trong cau thu ong. * Nhan xet xem ong t chia trong cau chu ong th nao, ta chia TO BE th o roi viet ong t chnh dang qua kh phan t (p.p). * Lay chu t (S) trong cau chu ong xuong lam doer trong cau thu ong, nh viet BY ngay ang trc. * Trang t gi nguyen khong oi va thng at cuoi cau (neu la trang t ch thi gian). 3/ Mot vai3/ Mot vai3/ Mot vai3/ Mot vai v du khac : v du khac : v du khac : v du khac :

+ (aaaa) simple present : simple present : simple present : simple present : [Subject+ am / is / are + P.PSubject+ am / is / are + P.PSubject+ am / is / are + P.PSubject+ am / is / are + P.P ]

- Mr.Green teachesteachesteachesteaches history. History is taughtis taughtis taughtis taught by Mr.Green.

+ (bbbb) present perfect : present perfect : present perfect : present perfect : [ S + has / have + been + p.p S + has / have + been + p.p S + has / have + been + p.p S + has / have + been + p.p ]

---- He has just donehas just donehas just donehas just done his homework. His homework has just beenhas just beenhas just beenhas just been done done done done by him.

+ (cccc) present continuous : present continuous : present continuous : present continuous : [ S + am / is / are / + being + p.pS + am / is / are / + being + p.pS + am / is / are / + being + p.pS + am / is / are / + being + p.p]

- She is cleaningis cleaningis cleaningis cleaning the windows. The windows are being cleanedare being cleanedare being cleanedare being cleaned by her.

+ (dddd) simple past : simple past : simple past : simple past : [ S + was / were + p.pS + was / were + p.pS + was / were + p.pS + was / were + p.p]

- The boss sackedsackedsackedsacked ten workers. Ten workers were sackedwere sackedwere sackedwere sacked by the boss.

+ (eeee) past perfect : past perfect : past perfect : past perfect : [ S + had been + p.pS + had been + p.pS + had been + p.pS + had been + p.p]

- Mary had writtenhad writtenhad writtenhad written the letter.

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The letter had been writtenhad been writtenhad been writtenhad been written by Mary. + (ffff) Past continuous :Past continuous :Past continuous :Past continuous : [ S + was / were + being + p.pS + was / were + being + p.pS + was / were + being + p.pS + was / were + being + p.p]

- The police were questioningwere questioningwere questioningwere questioning Tom. Tom was being questionedwas being questionedwas being questionedwas being questioned by the police.

+ (gggg) simple future: simple future: simple future: simple future: [ S + will / shall + be + p.pS + will / shall + be + p.pS + will / shall + be + p.pS + will / shall + be + p.p]

- John will deliverwill deliverwill deliverwill deliver the letter. The letter will be deliveredwill be deliveredwill be deliveredwill be delivered by John.

+ (hhhh) Modal verbs : Modal verbs : Modal verbs : Modal verbs : [ S + must / can / may + be + p.pS + must / can / may + be + p.pS + must / can / may + be + p.pS + must / can / may + be + p.p]

- He must domust domust domust do it right now. It must be donemust be donemust be donemust be done by him right now.

+ (iiii) special structures : [ S + is / are going to + be + p.p]special structures : [ S + is / are going to + be + p.p]special structures : [ S + is / are going to + be + p.p]special structures : [ S + is / are going to + be + p.p]

- The engineers are going toare going toare going toare going to buildbuildbuildbuild the bridge. The bridge is going to be builtis going to be builtis going to be builtis going to be built by the engineers.

( con ap dung vi cac cau truc khac nh : have to, had to, used to, ought to have to, had to, used to, ought to have to, had to, used to, ought to have to, had to, used to, ought to ) + (jjjj) 2 objects :2 objects :2 objects :2 objects :

- They gave memememe a presenta presenta presenta present yesterday. IIII was givenwas givenwas givenwas given a present yesterday(by them). A presentA presentA presentA present was givenwas givenwas givenwas given to me yesterday(by them).

(Neu sau BY la them / people / someone / somebodyta co the bo i) + (kkkk) perception verb with bare infinperception verb with bare infinperception verb with bare infinperception verb with bare infinitive : [ S + be itive : [ S + be itive : [ S + be itive : [ S + be p.p + to inf ] p.p + to inf ] p.p + to inf ] p.p + to inf ]

- I never hearhearhearhear him shoutshoutshoutshout at his children. He is never heard to shoutis never heard to shoutis never heard to shoutis never heard to shout at his children.

+ (llll) perception verb with present partciple : [ S + be perception verb with present partciple : [ S + be perception verb with present partciple : [ S + be perception verb with present partciple : [ S + be p.p + V p.p + V p.p + V p.p + V----ing ]ing ]ing ]ing ]

- I sawsawsawsaw the boyboyboyboy coming into the room. The boy was seen comwas seen comwas seen comwas seen cominginginging into the room.

+ (mmmm) With make : [ S + be With make : [ S + be With make : [ S + be With make : [ S + be made + to inf ] made + to inf ] made + to inf ] made + to inf ]

- They mademademademade me dodododo it. I was made to dowas made to dowas made to dowas made to do it.

+ (nnnn) With let : [ S + be With let : [ S + be With let : [ S + be With let : [ S + be let + bare inf ] let + bare inf ] let + bare inf ] let + bare inf ]

- They letletletlet him dodododo it. He was let dowas let dowas let dowas let do it.

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+ (oooo) With begin or start: [ S + begin / start + With begin or start: [ S + begin / start + With begin or start: [ S + begin / start + With begin or start: [ S + begin / start + to be + p.p ]to be + p.p ]to be + p.p ]to be + p.p ] - They began to buildbegan to buildbegan to buildbegan to build the house in 1980. The house began to be builtbegan to be builtbegan to be builtbegan to be built in 1980.

+ (pppp) With say, report, rumour:With say, report, rumour:With say, report, rumour:With say, report, rumour:

- People saysaysaysay that prevention is better than cure. It is said It is said It is said It is said that prevention is better than cure. Prevention is said toPrevention is said toPrevention is said toPrevention is said to be better than cure. (cach oi nay c ap dung

cho cac ong t nh: SAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOURSAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOURSAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOURSAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOUR) + (qqqq) cau menh lenh : [ Let + O + be cau menh lenh : [ Let + O + be cau menh lenh : [ Let + O + be cau menh lenh : [ Let + O + be p.p ] p.p ] p.p ] p.p ]

- Open the door, please. LetLetLetLet the door be openedbe openedbe openedbe opened, please.

EXERCISE IEXERCISE IEXERCISE IEXERCISE I : : : : Supply the correct tSupply the correct tSupply the correct tSupply the correct tense and voice.ense and voice.ense and voice.ense and voice. 1/ Everyone (shock) was shockedwas shockedwas shockedwas shocked by the news yesterday. 2/ Almost everyone (enjoy) enjoyedenjoyedenjoyedenjoyed the lecture last night. 3/ English (speak) _________ all over the world. 4/ A terrible accident (happen) _________ right here at 6 oclock last night. 5/ Mr. Smith (teach) _________ at this university since 1985. 6/ Not much (say) _________ about the matter since last week. 7/ He (borrow) _________ the money from her two weeks ago. 8/ A new textbook (publish) _________ by that company next year. 9/ Everything (go) _________ well so far. There (be) _________ no trouble yet. 10/ Who the book (write) _________ by ? 11/ Think carefully. Im sure you (remember) _________ his name. 12/ The report (examine) _________ now. EXERCISEXERCISEXERCISEXERCISE II :E II :E II :E II : Turn into the passive voice.Turn into the passive voice.Turn into the passive voice.Turn into the passive voice.

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1/ He is running his own restaurant.

- ______________________________________________________ 2/ The secretary opens the mails every morning.

- ______________________________________________________ 3/ The teacher doesnt allow me to take the seat by the window.

- ______________________________________________________ 4/ Toms absence worried his mother.

- ______________________________________________________ 5/ They are building a new school in this town.

- ______________________________________________________ 6/ You should finish the report right now.

- ______________________________________________________ 7/ We shall discuss the matter in the afternoon.

- ______________________________________________________ 8/ Are you going to post this letter ?

- ______________________________________________________ 9/ He has to pay the bills before the fifth of the month.

- ______________________________________________________ 10/ No one has opened that box for the past hundred years.

- ______________________________________________________ 11/ The boy screamed while the dentist was pulling out one of his teeth.

- ______________________________________________________ 12/ The enemy used to attack the bay.

- ______________________________________________________ 13/ The fire has destroyed many houses.

- ______________________________________________________ 14/ The children are carrying the chairs into the house.

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- ______________________________________________________ 15/ They awarded him the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1946.

- ______________________________________________________ 16/ We saw him leave the office at 6 oclock this morning.

- ______________________________________________________ 17/ My parents didnt let me go to school this morning because I was ill.

- ______________________________________________________ 18/ You ought to water these plants once a week.

- ______________________________________________________ 19/ People saw her driving a car near the bridge.

- ______________________________________________________ 20/ They said that he was the richest man in the town.

- ______________________________________________________ 21/ Scientists began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1981.

- ______________________________________________________ 22/ The boy knew that they were praising him.

- ______________________________________________________ 23/ Everybody believed that he had died of lung cancer.

- ______________________________________________________ 24/ They hadnt built the bridge when we first came here.

- ______________________________________________________ 25/ I can assure you that I will arrange everything in time.

- ______________________________________________________ EXERCISE III :EXERCISE III :EXERCISE III :EXERCISE III : Change to the active voice.Change to the active voice.Change to the active voice.Change to the active voice. 1/ Progress in science is being made day after day.

- ______________________________________________________ 2/ The palace was designed by a French architect.

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- ______________________________________________________ 3/ The road in front of my house has been paved.

- ______________________________________________________ 4/ You can see that the dishes havent been washed.

- ______________________________________________________ 5/ Our salaries will not be increased this year.

- ______________________________________________________ 6/ Wasnt that theatre built two years ago ?

- ______________________________________________________ 7/ The problem may be discussed again.

- ______________________________________________________ 8/ My brother has been offered a well-paid job.

- ______________________________________________________ 9/ It is reported that the war started again in South America.

- ______________________________________________________ 10/ I was told that I was going to be appointed manager of this company.

- ______________________________________________________ EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV : Rewrite the following sentences.Rewrite the following sentences.Rewrite the following sentences.Rewrite the following sentences. 1/ People dont learn a foreign language in a short time.

- ______________________________________________________ 2/ Did anyone ask any questions about me ?

- ______________________________________________________ 3/ Henry wrote that book years ago, didnt he ?

- ______________________________________________________ 4/ I wasnt introduced to any of the guests.

- ______________________________________________________ 5/ What sort of research are they doing in the laborotary ?

- ______________________________________________________

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6/ You should place matches out of reach of children.

- ______________________________________________________ 7/ People say that inflation is getting out of control.

- ______________________________________________________ 8/ Well have finished all the work by the weekend.

- ______________________________________________________ 9/ I heard her singing very beautifully.

- ______________________________________________________ 10/ Scientists started discovering the universe thousands of years ago.

- ______________________________________________________ 11/ Nothing can be gained without effort.

- ______________________________________________________ 12/ The robbers forced the bank manager to hand over the money.

- ______________________________________________________ 13/ They let us go.

- ______________________________________________________ 14/ The police stopped Tom on the highway and made him show his I.D card.

- ______________________________________________________ 15/ Write your address on the back of the cheque.

- ______________________________________________________ 16/ Where did your child find the keys ?

- ______________________________________________________ 17/ Some people think he is a dangerous criminal.

- ______________________________________________________ 18/ They will have to sign these documents.

- ______________________________________________________ 19/ The workers are going to pull down that old building.

- ______________________________________________________

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20/ No one told me the truth.

- ______________________________________________________ EXERCISE V EXERCISE V EXERCISE V EXERCISE V : : : : More exercises on Passive voice.More exercises on Passive voice.More exercises on Passive voice.More exercises on Passive voice.

1. Yes 1. Yes 1. Yes 1. Yes ---- No questions : No questions : No questions : No questions :

a. Do they teach English here ?

- ___________________________________________________ b. Will you invite her to your wedding party ?

- ___________________________________________________ c. Did the teacher give some exercises ?

- ___________________________________________________ d. Is she going to write poem ?

- ___________________________________________________ e. Have they changed the window of the laboratory ?

- ___________________________________________________ f. Is she making big cakes for the party ?

- ___________________________________________________ g. Has Tom finished the work ?

- ___________________________________________________ h. Are the police making inquires about the thief.

- ___________________________________________________ i. Must we finish the test before ten ?

- ___________________________________________________ j. Will buses bring the children home ?

- ___________________________________________________

2. Wh 2. Wh 2. Wh 2. Wh ---- questions : questions : questions : questions :

a. Why didnt they help him ?

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- ___________________________________________________ b. How many games has the team played ?

- ___________________________________________________ c. Where do people speak English ? - ___________________________________________________ d. Who are they keeping in the kitchen ?

- ___________________________________________________ e. How can they open this safe ?

- ___________________________________________________ f. What books are people reading this year ?

- ___________________________________________________ g. How did the police find the lost man ?

- ___________________________________________________ h. Who looked after the children for you ?

- ___________________________________________________ i. How long have they waited for the doctor ?

- ___________________________________________________ j. What time can the boys hand in their papers ?

- ___________________________________________________

3. Sentences with two Objects :3. Sentences with two Objects :3. Sentences with two Objects :3. Sentences with two Objects :

a. The teacher gave each of us two exercise books.

- ___________________________________________________ b. Someone will tell him that news.

- ___________________________________________________ c. They had sent enough money to these poor boys.

- ___________________________________________________ d. They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote.

- ___________________________________________________

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e. They paid me a lot of money to do the job.

- ___________________________________________________ 4. Sentences with verb of reporting :4. Sentences with verb of reporting :4. Sentences with verb of reporting :4. Sentences with verb of reporting :

a. People believe that 13 is an unlucky number.

- ___________________________________________________ b. They rumoured that man was still living.

- ___________________________________________________ c. They declared that she won the competition.

- ___________________________________________________ d. They know that English is an international language.

- ___________________________________________________ e. People think that Jack Londons life and writings represent the American love

of adventure.

- ___________________________________________________ f. They say that John is the brightest student in class.

- ___________________________________________________ g. They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.

- ___________________________________________________ h. They think that he has died a natural death.

- ___________________________________________________ i. They reported that the troops were coming.

- ___________________________________________________ j. People believed that the earth stood still.

- ___________________________________________________

5. Sentences with verbs Continue and Begin :5. Sentences with verbs Continue and Begin :5. Sentences with verbs Continue and Begin :5. Sentences with verbs Continue and Begin :

a. Well continue to use this computer.

- ___________________________________________________

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b. They began to plant rubber trees in big plantations.

- ___________________________________________________ c. People can continue to enjoy natural resources.

- ___________________________________________________ d. People will continue to drink Coca - Cola in the 21st century.

- ___________________________________________________ e. American people begin to love football.

- ___________________________________________________

6. Sentences with Phrasal verbs :6. Sentences with Phrasal verbs :6. Sentences with Phrasal verbs :6. Sentences with Phrasal verbs :

a. They gave up the research after three hours.

- ___________________________________________________ b. Someone should look into the matter.

- ___________________________________________________ c. Dont speak until someone speaks to you.

- ___________________________________________________ d. A neighbour is looking after the children.

- ___________________________________________________ e. Your story brings back pleasant memories.

- ___________________________________________________

7. Sentences with verbs of Perception :7. Sentences with verbs of Perception :7. Sentences with verbs of Perception :7. Sentences with verbs of Perception :

a. I have heard her sing this song several times.

- ___________________________________________________ b. People saw him steal your car.

- ___________________________________________________ c. The teacher is watching them work.

- ___________________________________________________ d. He wont let you do that silly thing again.

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- ___________________________________________________ e. People dont make the children work hard.

- ___________________________________________________ f. They made him work all day.

- ___________________________________________________ g. The detective saw the woman putting the jewelry in her bag.

- ___________________________________________________ h. The terrorists made the hostages lie down.

- ___________________________________________________ i. Police advise drivers to use an alternative route.

- ___________________________________________________ j. She helps me to do all these difficult exercises.

- ___________________________________________________

8. Sentences of order :8. Sentences of order :8. Sentences of order :8. Sentences of order :

a. Open your book.

- ___________________________________________________ b. Take off your hat.

- ___________________________________________________ c. Dont do that silly thing again.

- ___________________________________________________ d. Lets