ngsjpftpay;

kpd; fhe;j miyfs; Electro Magnetic Waves

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;l Jzpf;iffs; VNjh xU tpjj;jpy; rf;jp khw;wk; milAk;NghJ kpd;fhe;j miyfisf; fhYfpd;wd.

cjhuzkhf ,yj;jpud; cau;rf;jp kl;lj;jpypUe;J jho;rf;jp kl;lj;jpw;F jhTk; NghJ epfo;fpd;wJ. my;yJ ,yj;jpud;fs; fUf;fs; mjpUk; NghJ ,J epfo;fpd;wJ.

kpd;fhe;j miyapd; Njhw;wg;ghl;bw;F tpj;jpl;ltu; “fpshf; khf;nty; “

,tu ; fhe ; jg ; Gyj ;j pw ;Fk ; k pd ; Gyj ;j pw ;Fk ; njhlu ; GgLj ;Jk ; nfhs;ifnahd;iw Kd;itj;jhu;.

mjhtJ guNlapd; fz;Lgpbg;ghfpa xU fk;gpapy; kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; NghJ fhe;jg;Gyk; cUthFtijAk; fhe;jg;Gyk; khWk; NghJ kpd;Ndhl;lk; gha;tijAk; mbg;gilahf nfhz;L xU khWk; fhe;jg;Gyk; khWk; kpd;Gyj;ij cz;lhf;Fnkd;Wk; mt;thNw khWk; kpd;Gyk; khWk; fhe;jg;Gyj;ij cz;lhf;Fk; vd;gijAk; fUj;jpw; nfhz;L xU fk;gpapy; khWk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; nghOJ kpd;fhe;j miyfs; fk;gpapypUe;J tPrg;gLtijf; fhl;bAs;shu;.

;fhyg;gLk; kpd;fhe;j miyapy; xNu mjpu;ntz;Zk; mtj;ijAk; cila $bf; FiwAk; fhe;jg;Gyj;Jld;> $bf; FiwAk; kpd;GyKk; Nru;e;jpUf;Fk;. ,g;Gyq;fs; xd;Wf;Fnfhd;W nrq;Fj;jhf ,Ug;gJld; miy nry;Yk; jpirf;F nrq;Fj;jhf ,Uf;Fk;.

;kpd;fhe;j miyfs; ,aw;ifahfTk; nraw;ifahfTk; cw;gj;jp nra;aj;jf;fjhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ.

kpd;fhe;j miyfs;

NjHr;rp kl;lk; 3.8

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

miyePsk; fhe;jg;Gyk; kpd;Gyk;

miyefUk; jpir

kpd; fhe;j miyfspd; ,ay;Gfs;

1. kpd; fhe ;j miyfs; khWk; kpd;Gyq;fisAk; > khWk; fhe ;jg ;Gyq;fisAk; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,UGyq;fSk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W nrq;Fj;jhf ,Ug;gJld; miy nry;Yk; jpirf;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;

2. vy;yh kpd; fhe;j miyfSk; ntw;wplj;jpDhlhf 3 x 108ms-1 fjpAld; nry;fpwJ.

3 . Clfj ;j pDs ; k pd ;fhe ;j miyfspd ; fj p Clfj ;j pd ; fhe ;j

cl;GftpLkpay;G µ ,Yk; kpd; mDkjpj;jpwd; ,Yk; jq;fpAs;sJ.

V=

ntw;wplj;jpy; fjp C = = 3 x 108ms-1

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

4. kpd; fhe;j miyfs; kpd;Gyq;fshYk;> fhe;jg;Gyq;fhYk; ghjpf;fg;glkhl;lJ.

5. kpd; fhe;j miyfs; Neu;Nfhl;by; efUk;

7. kpd; fhe;j miyfs; njwpg;G> KwpT > Nfhzy; vd;gtw;wpf;F fPo;gbAk;

6. kpd; fhe;j miyfs; FWf;fiyfs; MFk;;. vdNt mit Kidthf;fkilAk;

8. kpd; fhe;j miyfs; Nkw;nghUe;JifailAk; vdNt jiyaPl;L tpisTfis Vw;gLj;Jk;

9. kpd; fhe;j miyfs; xU gFjpapype ;J ,d;ndhU gFjpf ;Fr; nry;Yk;NghJ rf;jpiaAk; ce;jj;ijAk; flj;Jk;.

kpd; fhe;jj; jpUrpak;

ePs miy

NwbNah miy

miyePsk;

kj;jpa miy

Rpw;wiy

mjpu;ntz; (Hz)

Ez; miy nrq;fPo;fjpu; GwTwhf;fjpu;

X fjpu;

fl;Gy xsp

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

kpd;fhe;j miyfspd; gpuNahfk;

01) NwbNah miyfs;

kpd;fhe;j miyfSs; kpff;$ba miyePsk; nfhz;litahFk;. xU kpd;diyf;fk;gpapy; my;yJ Xu; czu; nfhk;gpy; myj;jpud;fis miyar; nra;tjd; %yk; NwbNah miyfis cz;lhf;fyhk;. ,it xypiaAk; jfty; glq;fisAk; kpff;$ba Jhuq;fSf;$lhfr; nrYj;jg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;

02) mjpAau; kPbwd; miyfs; - VHF

cau; kPbwd; miyfs; - UHF

,it kpff;Fiwe;j miyePsq;fisf; nfhz;lit. ,tw;wpdhy;bVw;gLk; Nfhzy; FiwthdjhFk;. Njhiyf;fhl;rp xspgug;Gf;Fg; gad;gLfpwJ.

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

03) Ez; miyfs;

tpNrlkhfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l ,yj;jpud; thapy;fisg; gpuNahfpj;J cz;lhf;fg;gLfpd;dwd. ,it EZf;fiy fdyLg;gfspYk; cgNfhs; njhlu ;G rhjdq;fspYk; > nry;ypl njhiyNgrpfspYk; gad;gLfpd;wd.

04) nrq;fPo;fjpu;fs; - IR

tpNrlkhfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l ,yj;jpud; thapy;fisg; gpuNahfpj;J cz;lhf;fg;gLfpd;dwd. ,it EZf ; fiy fdyLg ; g fs pYk ; cg Nf hs ; nj h l u ; G r h jdq ; fs pYk ; > nry;yplnjhiyNgrpfspYk; gad;gLfpd;wd.

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

05) fl;Gy xsp

Xspapay;ehu;> xspg;glj;Jiw vd;gtw;wpy; gad;gLfpwJ.

06) Cjh fle;j my;yJ fop Cjhf; fjpu;fs; (UV)

k pf cau ;e ;j ntg ;ge piyfspy ; FWf pa miy ePsq;fisAila fopa+jhf; fjpu;fs; fhyg;gLk;.

Gnshu; xspu ;T> Ez;Zapu ;f ;fpUkpfis mopj;jy; Nghd;wtw;wpf;F gad;gLfpd;wJ.

njhFg;G : jpU.T.nre;jpy;Fkud;, ngsjpftpay; Mrpupau; (ah/nfhf;Ftpy; ,e;Jf;fy;Yhup)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpUkjp.Nf.Nkfyh, j.njh.njh Mrpupau; (K/ cilahu;fl;L.k.tp)

juk;-12,13

07) X fjpu;fs;

Mu ;KLfg ;gLk ; ,yj ;j pud ;fs ; k pf tpiuthf rf ;j pia ,of ;Fk ;NghJ X fjpu ;fs; ntsptplg;gLfpd;wd.

kUj ;Jtj ;Jiw> nghw pa pay ; Jiw> njho pDl ;gj ;Jiw Mfpatw ;w py ; ngUkstpy ; gad;gLfpd;wJ.

07) γ fjpu;fs;

kUj;Jtr;rpfpf;irfspYk;> czTg;gz;lq;fs; nghjpnra;ag;gl;l gpd; Ez;Zapu;f;fpUkpfis mopg;gjw;Fk; gad;gLfpd;wJ.