New Technologies Shaping our Future - IBM · New Technologies Shaping our Future. Presenter: ......
Transcript of New Technologies Shaping our Future - IBM · New Technologies Shaping our Future. Presenter: ......
New Technologies Shaping our Future
Presenter: Dr. Daniel M. DiasDirector, Cloud Innovation TechnologiesIBM T. J. Watson Research CenterSeptember 10th 2013
© 2010 IBM Corporation
Agenda
Brief Overview of IBM Research
Selected Technologies Shaping Our Future
– Open Cloud Computing and Software Defined Environments
– Cognitive Computing and Applications
Discussion
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Research: Famous for Science and Vital to IBM> 3000 Researchers in 11 Labs Worldwide; 20 Years of Patent Leadership
FOAK First of a Kind
EBO Emerging Business Opportunities
Research Partnerships
Technology Transfer
1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s
Inter disciplinary collaboration in the market and across the globeCentrally Funded
Joint ProgramsResearch in the Marketplace
Collaborative Innovation
Corporate
Collaborative
Work on
Create business
2010s
Globalization
Collaborativefunded
researchagenda
Technologytransfer
Team
Shared agenda
Effectiveness
clientproblems
advantage for clients
Industry-focusedresearch
partnerships
Emerging markets
Research ServicesResearch Briefings
Hardware
Software
Services
Integrated Solutions
Collaboration for a Smarter Planet
Res
earc
h A
gend
a
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© 2010 IBM Corporation
Major Waves of Technology
Back-Office Computing
Client-Server PC - 1981
World Wide Web and eBusiness
Confluence of Social, Mobile, Cloud, Big Data / Analytics
90’s80’s60’s We are here
Programmable Systems Era
Cognitive Systems Era
4
5© 2013 IBM Corporation
New Modes of EngagementSystems of Record
Data & Transaction Integrity Smarter Devices & Assets
• Data & Transactions• App Infrastructure• Virtualized Resources
• Expanding Interface Modalities• Big Data and Analytics• Social Networking
Next Generation
Architectures
New models of product & service innovation are emerging
© 2013 IBM Corporation
A layered and open cloud architecture is necessary
Platform Services
InfrastructureServices
BackplaneFit for purpose PODS
Business Applications as
componentsService Oriented
Architecture
OSLC
7© 2013 IBM Corporation
Software Defined Environment: Programmable environment to support mission critical enterprise application deployment in the cloud
OpexAgility
Outcome optimized
CapexElasticity
Cloud 1.0 Cloud 2.0 SDE
Infrastructure Elasticity
Virtualization & dynamic provisioning
Homogeneous resources
Dev & Test
Cost reduction
Software Defined Environment to achieve business agility, continuous availability (SoE), and enterprise efficiency & resiliency (SoR):
Programmable/composable workload constructs and software defined infrastructure
Coordinated system view with unified workload aware control plane
Continuous & optimal provisioning adapting to changing workloads for enterprise efficiency and resiliency
Optimized intelligent Platform
Semantic workload composition
Optimized heterogeneous resources
System of Records & Engagement
Mission critical workload agility
Platform Agility
DevOps & service composition
Converged infrastructure
System of engagement
Continuous operation
© 2013 IBM Corporation
OpenStack is a global collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists that seek to produce a ubiquitous Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) open source cloud computing platform for public and private clouds. OpenStack was founded by Rackspace Hosting and NASA jointly in July 2010. 190+ companies and over 5,500 members.
OpenStack
Code available under Apache 2.0 license. Design tenets – scale & elasticity, share nothing & distribute everything
http://openstack.org/
PlatinumMembers
AT&TCanonical
HPIBM
NebulaRackspace
RedHatSUSE
GoldMembers
CiscoCloudscaling
DellDreamhostITRI/CCAT
MirantisPistonYahoo
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OpenStack Infrastructure Management Software The framework for IBM Software Defined Infrastructure
OpenStack API
ServerStorage Network
SD Infrastructure APIs• Services and Resources• Server, Storage and Network• Broad Ecosystem forming
Cinder Nova Quantum
drivers drivers drivers
v7000 EMCOpenflow
SDN
ESX KVMHyper-V
PowerVM zHyp
Vendor Led Scalable Model• Drivers provided by the vendors • Broad Ecosystem Forming• Resource owner provides adapter
SVC
SD Infrastructure Services• Image services• Infrastructure Patterns• Placement Services
IBM Differentiation provided via
extensions and value added services
IBM Differentiation provided via
extensions and value added services
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Software Defined Compute, Network & Storage Embracing OpenStack as a framework for storage, compute and networking within SDE
OpenStack Nova APICinder Storage APIs Quantum Network APIs
drivers
Network
drivers
Storage
Driver DriverDriver
Heterogeneous Compute, Storage, Network
Server, Storage and Network Integration
Workload Definition
Workload Orchestration
Workload Definition & Orchestration
IBM DifferentiationIBM Differentiation
Compute
drivers
VMware
ESX
vCenter
Hyper-V
Hyper-V
SC VMM
PowerV M
PowerVM
PowerV C
zHyp
zHyp
zManager
KVM
KVM
RHEV-M(oVirt)
Policy-based Management and
Automation
Snapshot and Backup
Management
Management
Driver
Virtualization
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Architecture for Flexible Workload Optimization & Management in the SDE
Service Consumer (Application)Service Consumer (Application)
Chooses service plan based on cost, development stage, business opportunity and value
Service ProviderWorkload Definition & Optimization
Deliver service to meet cost & QoS for the requested plan
SoftwareBlueprint for Plan
(Topology & Configuration)
SoftwareBlueprint for Plan
(Topology & Configuration)
InfrastructureBlueprint for Plan
(Topology & Configuration)
InfrastructureBlueprint for Plan
(Topology & Configuration)
Orchestrate/Automate software deployment & lifecycle
Orchestrate/Automate infrastructure deployment & lifecycle
SDNSDN SDCSDC SDSSDS
System PComputeSystem PCompute
System PComputeSystem PCompute
SSD + Local DiskSSD + Local Disk
RDMANetworkRDMA
Network
GPFSGPFS
HadoopName Node
HadoopName Node
HadoopDataNode
HadoopDataNode
ManagementServices
PatchBackupChange
ManagementServices
PatchBackupChange
Abstract APIsAbstract APIs
Business Services
BillingEntitlement
Business Services
BillingEntitlement
Abstract APIsAbstract APIs
Optimization & feedback loop using analytics
Optimization & feedback loop using analytics
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IBM capabilities for Workload Definition and Optimization in the SDE
SoftwareBlueprint for Plan
(Topology &
Configuration)
SoftwareBlueprint for Plan
(Topology &
Configuration)
InfrastructureBlueprint for Plan
(Topology &
Configuration)
InfrastructureBlueprint for Plan
(Topology &
Configuration)
Orchestrate/Automate software deployment & lifecycle
Orchestrate/Automate infrastructure deployment & lifecycle
SDNSDN SDCSDC SDSSDS
Blueprint Definition and Continuous Delivery: schema, language and tooling for creating, composing and validating software and infrastructure blueprints (Smart Cloud Orchestrator, Patterns, Weaver, TOSCA, OSLC)
Orchestrate lifecycle of services, resources and workloads using a single extensible, integrated platform. Workload optimized infrastructure management (Smart Cloud Orchestrator, Chef, Analytics)
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An open and scalable cloud platform
An easy to use orchestrator for cloud service automation
A rich set of ready to use automation packages
A marketplace for automation packages sharing and re-use
What is SmartCloud Orchestration?
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Infrastructure-as-a-Service(IaaS)
VM Ware Power VM KVM Hyper-V Xen Z VM
Orchestration
Multi tierApplication
Image Management Dev Tools
Monitor
Backup & Restore
Security Compliance
Service CatalogueService Catalogue
TOSCA
SmartCloud Orchestrator: an open and scalable platform
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APPLICATIONS / WORKLOADS(define user experience, services & programming models; composition model; operational model; differentiation)
CloudOperating
Environment
• Enable applications to be rapidly & incrementally composed from services
• Deliver application changes continuously• Enable continuous availability• Support fit-for-purpose programming models & services• Embed manageability of services & application• Workload Optimized & Elastic
CREATE
CONSUME
CAPACITY
VISIBILITY /
CONTROL
• Persistence• Messaging & Workflow• Scripting &
Programming Languages• (Social media) Analytics
• Compute, Storage,
Network• Clustering
& Elasticity
• Logging• Monitoring
• Security
• Code Repository
& Version control• Continuous build
& Test
DevelopmentServices
Infrastructure Services
Operational Services
Application Services
APIsAPIs APIs
APIs
APIs
APIs
APIsAPIs
Cloud Operating Environment
Services will be matured over time with standard interfaces
16© 2013 IBM Corporation
Cloud Platform and SolutionsNew business value with cross-industry & at-scale data & analytics
Telco RetailFinanceReal-time fraud alert Risk analyticsMonte Carlo Simulations
Customer Engagement Solns.Procurement Solns.Better lead generation
Churn reduction Tiered data pricing Services cross selling
Multi-cloud Deployment Monitoring Automated
DeploymentHybrid: Private & Public integration, Autoscaling
ContinuousAssuranceSDN, SDS, SDC Resiliency/fault
tolerance tools
Big Data /MapReduce
PredictionOptimization
Massive Scale Data StoreVisualizationHigh Perf
Compute Streams OLTP/ Warehouse DB
High Value Services
Performance & Optimization
…
Bus
ines
s Va
lue
and
Solu
tions
Ente
rpris
e –g
rade
O
pen
Clo
ud P
latfo
rm
Managed Services
zOSCloud
Z LinuxCloud Power
SDEIoT patternData-rich pattern FO pattern HPC patternFO+BO pattern M&E pattern
Solution Patterns
………
IBM Watson: Precision, Accurate Confidence and Speed – What’s Next?
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Watson’s real value proposition: Efficient decision support over unstructured (and structured) content
Unstructured Data
Broad, rich in context
Rapidly growing, current
Invaluable yet under utilized
SQL/XQuery
Existing BI
Inference/Rules
Structured Data
Precise, explicit
Narrow, expensive
Jeopardy! Challenge
Deeper Understanding but BrittleHigh Precision at High CostNarrow Limited Coverage
Shallow UnderstandingLow Precision
Broad Coverage
Deeper Understanding, Higher Precision and Broader,
Timely Coverage at lower costs
Key WordSearch
Relevance Ranking
Open-Domain
Question-Answering
19
LearningUnderstanding Interacting Explaining
Specific Questions
The type of murmur associated with this condition is harsh,
systolic, and increases in intensity with
Valsalva
From specific questions
to rich, incomplete problem
scenarios(e.g. EHR)
Rich Problem Scenarios
Entire Medical Record
Question-In/Answer-Out
Evidence analysis and look-ahead,
drive interactive dialog to refine
answers and evidence
Interactive Dialog Teach Watson
Refined Answers, Follow-up Questions
Input, Responses
Dialog
Batch Training Process
Scale domain learning and
adaptation rate and efficiency
Continuous Training & Learning Process
Answers,Corrections, Judgements
Responses, Learning Questions
Precise Answers & Accurate Confidences
Move from quality answers
to quality answers and
evidence
Comparative Evidence Profiles
Taking Watson beyond Jeopardy!
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Watson 2.0: From Jeopardy! to Clinical Decision Support
Scenario Analysis
Final Confidence Merging & Ranking
Follow-Up and Learning Questions most likely to impact Evidence Profiles
Multi-Dimensional Merging – Merge confidences across independently
contributing factors
Inference Chaining
Evidence Profiles explain answers and confidences, citing key evidence
QuestionGeneration
Scenario/Casee.g., Entire
Medical Record
Extending beyond text evidence to images and speech
Evidence Analysis
Hypothesis & Evidence Scoring
Evidence Discovery
HypothesisGeneration
Multi-Dimensional Input – Formulate meaningful questions and discover
subsets of factors that independently contribute to answers
Intermediate hypotheses result in recursive calls to system (Chaining)
Factors present in evidence but absent in hypotheses lead to follow-up questions
Ambiguities and missing knowledge result in learning questions
Dialog
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TestData
OriginalContent
Positive Impact? Positive Impact?
Domain Experts
Research Plan
Research Plan
Headroom Analysis
Headroom Analysis
ResearchOpportunities
ResearchOpportunities
ML Models
ML Models
Watson2 Biweekly
Build
Watson2 Biweekly
Build
Researchers
Test Data Input & Output
Expert AnnotationAnswer & Evidence Vetting
and Enrichment
Accuracy AnalysisIdentify & Classify Key Accuracy
Failures
Headroom AnalysisEstimate Potential Impact of
Addressing Failures
Algorithm Development
System RunAnswers & Evidence
Content Analysis
Update/Compile System
Idea Generation& Prioritization
Y
N
Systems Engineers
ContentEvaluation & Prep
Systems Engineers
Researchers
LearningKnowledge Extraction
TrainingData
New Algorithms
New Algorithms
LearningInteractive
Teach Watson
PrepIdeasPrepIdeas
Train System
Indices & Derived Resources
Vetted Output & Enriched Training Data
Researchers
LearningStatistical MLStart
Domain learning: Training and adapting Watson to new domains
Experimental Research Process
The industry is approaching a new era of IT innovation around better leveraging of industry, systems, and delivery knowledge.
Cognitive Era of IT Systems and Delivery
Era of leveraging Automation
Era of leveraging Systems
Inno
vatio
n Sp
ace
Time
Cognitive Era Leveraging Knowledge and Learning Systems
We are Here
The industry is approaching a new era of IT innovation around better leveraging of industry, systems, and delivery knowledge.
Leveraging Cognitive Computing for IT Systems
Systems
TechnicalSupportServices
IT Delivery(Cloud and SO)
Automate the complex tasks of systems configuration, optimization, and problem resolution
Bring multi-silo expertise and proactive problem avoidance tasks to local and remote support staff
Leverage Cognitive Computing and analytics to
Reduce risk from environment changes and prevent (or quickly resolve) problems which stem from complex processes and automation.
24© 2013 IBM Corporation 24
Frontiers of IT: Vision
We envision a future in which advances in technology will see a new class of cognitive systems, architected with people as an integral and central element of the process, to seamlessly enhance human cognition for better outcomes and a better life.
We will go beyond increased storage, better search, and more complex analytics to systems that enable humanity to reach its greatest potential for human creativity, innovation and ingenuity.
© 2013 IBM Corporation25
Thank you!
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