New Area of Focus: Special Feeding Relationships New Area of Focus: Special Feeding Relationships...
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Transcript of New Area of Focus: Special Feeding Relationships New Area of Focus: Special Feeding Relationships...
New Area of Focus: Special Feeding New Area of Focus: Special Feeding RelationshipsRelationships
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Symbiosis: A long term relationship Symbiosis: A long term relationship between two or more different between two or more different species.species.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Three types of symbiosisThree types of symbiosis- Parasitism- Parasitism- Mutualism- Mutualism- Commensalism- Commensalism
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Three types of symbiosisThree types of symbiosis- Parasitism- Parasitism- Mutualism- Mutualism- Commensalism- Commensalism
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Three types of symbiosisThree types of symbiosis- Parasitism- Parasitism- Mutualism- Mutualism- Commensalism- Commensalism
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Three types of symbiosisThree types of symbiosis- Parasitism- Parasitism- Mutualism- Mutualism- Commensalism- Commensalism
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Parasitism: One organism benefits Parasitism: One organism benefits while the other is harmed.while the other is harmed.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Parasitism: Caterpillar and wasp. : Caterpillar and wasp. Who is the parasite and what do you Who is the parasite and what do you think will happen?think will happen?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• 1 in 3 American suffers in some form from a parasite. – Learn about them to help yourself.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Caution! Disgusting parasites ahead.– Be prepared to be grossed out. Close your
eyes if needed.
• Parasites are one on the most numerous and successful groups of organisms on the planet. – For every species on earth, they may host a
handful of unique parasites.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Parasites damage their host by consuming tissues, and releasing toxins.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: your body.
– Ectoparasites: your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: Inside your body.
– Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: Inside your body.
– Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: Inside your body.
– Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: Inside your body.
– Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: Inside your body.
– Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Two general types of parasites
– Endoparasites: Inside your body.
– Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A few endoparasites that affect humans.– Tape worms
• If a child frequently itches their butt, you should check to see if they have contracted pinworm.
• Hookworm
• Guinea worms
• Some common ectoparasites.– Fleas
• Louse
• Ticks
• This strange louse is a tongue eating parasite that lives in a fishes mouth.
• This strange louse is a tongue eating parasite that lives in a fishes mouth.
• Mosquito– A parasite that carries the malaria parasite.
• Leeches
• Sea Lamprey
• Sea Lamprey are jawless fish (very old), They attach to fish with sucker and bore a hole into flesh with tongue.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The parasite must not kill the host. The host provides the food and shelter and survival of the parasite.
• Video.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4kQWvUv_Ns
• The Sea Anemome and the Clownfish are a mutualism. – The Anemome gets some protection and
cleaning from the clownfish, and the Clownfish gets protection from predators
Mutualism: Both organisms benefit. Mutualism: Both organisms benefit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Types of mutualismsTypes of mutualismsEnergy(trophic)Energy(trophic)DefensiveDefensiveCleaningCleaningDispersiveDispersive
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Energy mutualism
Leaf cutter ants feed leaves to their fungus colonies.
Leaf cutter ants feed leaves to their fungus colonies.
-The ants then feed on the growing fungus.
Leaf cutter ants feed leaves to their fungus colonies.
-The ants then feed on the growing fungus.
• There were all examples of trophic Mutualisms
Trophic mutualism: Both species help Trophic mutualism: Both species help feed each other. feed each other. --
Trophic mutualism: Both species help Trophic mutualism: Both species help feed each other. feed each other. Usually nutrient related.Usually nutrient related.
Cleaning symbiosis: One species Cleaning symbiosis: One species gets food and shelter, the other has gets food and shelter, the other has parasites removed.parasites removed.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Question! Are these ants killing this caterpillar?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Question! Are these ants killing this caterpillar?– Answer: No. they are eating some sugary
secretions releases by the caterpillar.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! Caterpillar and Ant defensive mutualism.
Defensive mutualisms: One species Defensive mutualisms: One species protects the other and gets some protects the other and gets some benefits for its help.benefits for its help.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
1. Never climb Acacia trees that have these galls. Viscous ants feel the vibrations and coming running out to attack.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Goby and shrimp
• The Sea Anemome and the Clownfish are a mutualism.
• The Sea Anemome and the Clownfish are a mutualism. – The Anemome gets small scrapes from the
clownfish, and the Clownfish gets protection.
Dispersive mutualisms: One species Dispersive mutualisms: One species receives food in exchange for moving receives food in exchange for moving the pollen or seeds of its partner. the pollen or seeds of its partner.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Pollination – Insects transfer pollen from one flower to the next, insects gets nectar.
“Wow!” “Look how this flower has evolved to be white, and shaped in a way so I can visit it.”
• Seed dispersal
• You can now complete these questions on your bundled homework.
• You can now complete these questions on your bundled homework.
Commensalism: One organism Commensalism: One organism benefits while the other doesn’t benefits while the other doesn’t benefit, or suffer harm.benefit, or suffer harm.
• The remora just hitches a ride to grab some scraps after the kill.