Multifunctional fibers: engineering approach to biology · 2018. 10. 2. · Multifunctional fibers:...
Transcript of Multifunctional fibers: engineering approach to biology · 2018. 10. 2. · Multifunctional fibers:...
Multifunctional fibers: engineering approach to biology
Yuanyuan Guo, PhD, Frontier Research Institute of Interdisciplinary sciences
連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム2018年10月4日 11:20 am -11:30 am
Photo courtesy: Advanced Functional Fabrics of America (AFFOA)
https://relinquishment.org/2015/12/15/with-the-new-essa-were-still-plugged-into-the-matrix/
http://www.theastronauts.com/2013/04/why-the-next-generation-will-change-games-forever/
https://dynistymusic.com/news/2013/8/2/download-directly-into-your-brain-matrix-style
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
The Matrix, 1999. --- Brain-machine interface
electrical interface
Oh I know Kungfu!!!
Be like Neo and learn new skills!
Character: Neo
How’s it today in reality?
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Brain-machine interface today
Deep brain stimulation
Metal electrode
Medtronics Inc.Neuroprosthetic devices
Silicon-based probes
Huge tissue response Limited to electrical activity
Main Problems:Multiple signaling mechanisms
Chemical signals…
BrainGate
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
2J. Neurosci. Methods 203, 96–105 (2012)
Utah array
http://www.liveinthenow.com/article/vital-brain-nutrient-youve-never-heard
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
heat
an
d p
ull
Φ’: 35 cm
Φ’’: 2 cm
heat
pu
ll
thermal drawing process
Y. Guo* et al., ACS Nano 2017.
S. Park, Y. Guo et al., Nature Neuroscience 2017.
Flexible and multifunctional fiber probes:Inspired by Japanese candy (金太郎飴)
Integrated functions:
electrical
optical
chemical
electrode opticalbundle
microfluidic channel
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https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/金太郎飴
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
heat
an
d p
ull
Φ’: 35 cm
Φ’’: 2 cm pu
ll
thermal drawing process
Y. Guo* et al., ACS Nano 2017.
S. Park, Y. Guo et al., Nature Neuroscience 2017.
Flexible and multifunctional fiber probes:Inspired by Japanese candy (金太郎飴)
Integrated functions:
electrical
optical
chemical
electrode opticalbundle
microfluidic channel
Multi-material and multi-structure
fabrication process
Large preform
Flexible fibers
Photo courtesy MIT News
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https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/金太郎飴
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
heat
an
d p
ull
Φ’: 35 cm
Φ’’: 2 cm
heat
pu
ll
thermal drawing process
Y. Guo* et al., ACS Nano 2017.
S. Park, Y. Guo et al., Nature Neuroscience 2017.
Flexible and multifunctional fiber probes:Inspired by Japanese candy (金太郎飴)
Integrated functions:
electrical
optical
chemical
electrode opticalbundle
microfluidic channel
optical and electrical interface
Maybe we can teach him Kungfu!
3
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/金太郎飴
100 μm
Y. Guo* et al., ACS Nano 2017
Y. Guo* et al., submitted
optical stimulation
neuronal response
S. Park, Y. Guo et al., Nat.
Neurosci., 2017
L. Yu, H. Xuan, Y. Guo et al.,
Opt. Mater. Express, 2017
Y. Guo*, Submitted
100 μm
100 μm
Can we probe brain using fibers?
7Cover Art
Y. Guo* et al., ACS Nano 2017.
Neural oscillations (theta, gamma) across brain regions underlie anxieties.
Recent findings indicate that mood disorders are associated with abnormalities in
the brain's cellular composition, especially in glial cells.
Statistics of affected populations worldwide:
• 12% in a given year
• 5-30% at some point in our lives
World Psychiatry. 2007 Oct; 6(3): 168–176.
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
Pathological anxieties
Gamma wave (30-120 Hz)
Theta wave (4-12 Hz)
neuron
glia
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2014 Nov-Dec; 22(6): 334–337.5
https://irinnicounselling.com/blog-for-anxiety-and-worry-panic-attacks/ https://www.raisingofamerica.org/amygdala-prefrontal-cortex-connection-crucial
transgenic mouse model
glial
activities
local neural
response
anxiety
behavior
neural circuit
response
optical
manipulation
Channelrhodopsin-2(ChR2)
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
Light sensitive protein
Approach: combination of biological resource and technology
glia
H+ H+H+
Multifunctional fibers:
• Electrode
• Optical waveguide bundle
• Microfluidic channels
amygdala
prefrontal
cortex
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Optogenetics: using light to control glial activities
Y. Guo and K. Matsui, unpublished data
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
Results: ChR2 activation in amygdala glia produces anxiogenic effect.
Theta wave (4-12 Hz) amygdala
prefrontal cortex
• Increased amplitude
• Synchronization of two
regions
resting state
to
compulsive grooming
Analysis of local field potential:
Behavioral analysis
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Y. Guo and K. Matsui, unpublished data
Archaerhodopsin T (ArchT)
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
Can we reduce anxiety?
glia
H+H+H+
opposite function as ChR2
1s200 µ
V
amygdala
prefrontal cortex
ArchT activation
1s200 µ
V
Pre
• decreased amplitude
• desynchronization
Working hypothesis:
ArchT activation in glia in amygdala could produce anxiolytic effect.
theta wave (4-12 Hz)
Post
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ArchT subjectControl subject (No ArchT expression)
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
Behavioral evaluation: preliminary data from foot shock paradigm
exploring phaseaversive stimuli: electrical shock
ArchT activationstress evaluation
Y. Guo and K. Matsui, unpublished data
Duration: 6 min
fiber behaviormonitoring
freezing
behavior:
trajectory
after foot shock:
ArchT activation in glia in amygdala could suppress the acute stress.9
innovations in fiber resolving biological questions
fiber
electrode
microfluidic
channel
optics
biosensing
pressure
sensor
mechanical
actuator
depth-dependent
functionality*
microdialysis
porous
structure
smart
fabrics
*Y. Guo et al, Provisional US Patent
Imaging
rodent
nonhuman
primates
P. Janak and K. Tye, Nature 517(7534), 284-292, 2015
メンター: 虫明 元 先生
human
tran
slat
ion
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
technology biologyneeds-driven
tech-push
Summary and outlook: the interplay of technology and biology
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fiber
electrode
microfluidic
channel
optics
biosensing
pressure
sensor
mechanical
actuator
depth-dependent
functionality*
microdialysis
porous
structure
smart
fabrics
Imagingenergy
expenditure
energy
intake
innovations in fiber resolving biological questions
energy homeostasis
October 4, 11:20 am -11:30 am 連携型博士研究人材総合育成システムシンポジウム
Summary and outlook: the interplay of technology and biology
P. Janak and K. Tye, Nature 517(7534), 284-292, 2015
technology biologyneeds-driven
tech-push
*Y. Guo et al, Provisional US Patent 10
Acknowledgement: collaborators and funding
Professor Polina Anikeeva
MIT advisor
Material science and engineering
Professor Yoel FinkMaterial science and engineering
Professor Xiaoting Jia
Virginia Tech advisor
Electrical and computer engineering
Professor Harald SontheimerGlial biology and neuroscience
Prof. Michael J. Schöning
Prof. Torsten WagnerTU advisorBiochemical sensors
Professor Tong RongChemical engineering
Professor Blake Johnson Mechanical engineering Semiconductor-based
bio-sensing
Professor Anbo Wang Center for Photonics Technology
西丸 広史 先生システム情動科学
虫明 元 先生メンター生体システム生理学分野
松井 広 先生超回路脳機能分野
吉信 達夫 先生博士指導教員バイオセンシング医工学分野
高田 則雄 先生
情動の制御と治療学研究寄附講座
戸田 知得 先生生理系部門薬理学分野
中村 和弘 先生統合生理学
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Thank you for your attention!