Multi-criteria analysis and ranking of alternative waste management schemes in Morocco Friday 19...

Multi-criteria analysis and ranking of alternative waste management schemes in Morocco

Friday 19 June 2009

Prof. M. Loizidou and D. Malamis emails: [email protected]&[email protected]

website: www.uest.gr

mailto:[email protected]


http://www.uest.gr/

Introduction• Rank alternative schemes for the

management of domestic solid waste in Morocco.

• Ranking is based on the comparisons MSW management schemes according to their performances with respect to relevant social, environmental, financial and technical criteria.

Selection of 18 schemes for the management of domestic solid waste in Morocco which are based on combinations of the following techniques and technologies:•Material Recovery through source separation•Mechanical Sorting of mixed waste•Biological treatment of the biodegradable fraction of MSW

– Composting – Anaerobic digestion

•Thermal treatment– Incineration (with or without energy recovery)– Pyrolysis– Gasification

•Landfill

Scheme 1 (Landfill)Scheme 2 (Collection in one bin of recyclable materials) Material Recovery Facility - MRF (recovery of glass, paper- plastics, Fe and non Fe metals) and in another the remaining wasteLandfill)Scheme 3 (Collection in one bin of recyclable materials) MRF (recovery of glass, paper- plastics, Fe and non Fe metals) and in another bin the biodegradableComposting and ResiduesLandfill)Scheme 4 (Collection of mixed waste) Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, paper- plastics, Fe and non Fe metals) and the remaining waste Landfill)Scheme 5a (Collection of mixed waste) Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics to end users), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Composting and ResiduesLandfill) Scheme 5b (Collection of mixed waste) Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics (combustible materials Thermal treatment), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Composting and ResiduesLandfill)

18 schemes for the management of MSW in Morocco

Scheme 6a (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics to end users), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Anaerobic Digestion and residuesLandfill)Scheme 6b (Collection of mixed waste) Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics (combustible materials Thermal treatment), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fractionAnaerobic Digestion and ResiduesLandfill) Scheme 7a (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics (combustible materials to end uses)), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Combination of Anaerobic Digestion and Composting with Green waste and ResiduesLandfill) Scheme 7b (Collection of mixed waste) Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics (combustible materials Thermal treatment), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Combination of Anaerobic Digestion and Composting with Green waste and ResiduesLandfill)


Scheme 8a (Collection of mixed wasteBiodrying, Mechanical sorting (recovery of Fe and non Fe metals), Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) to end usersScheme 8b (Collection of mixed wasteBiodrying, Mechanical sorting (recovery of Fe and non Fe metals) (SRF Thermal treatment)Scheme 9 (Collection of mixed waste)Mass Burn Incineration with energy recovery Scheme 10 (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Sorting (recovery of Fe and non Fe metals), remaining (residual) waste Incineration)Scheme 11 (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Sorting (recovery of Fe and non Fe metals), remaining (residual) waste Pyrolysis)Scheme 12 (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Sorting (recovery of Fe and non Fe metals), remaining (residual) waste Gasification)Scheme 13 (Autoclave/ Mechanical Processing)Scheme 14 (Ethanol Fermentation)


Determining the optimum MSW Management Scheme

MULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS

RANKING of MSW Management Schemes using an appropriate software (Decision Lab)

Criteria Hierarchy

Environmental Financial TechnicalSocial

S1 S2 S3 S4 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 F1 F2 F3 F4 T1 T2 T3 T4

Evaluation of 18 MSW Management Schemes based on the Criteria set on previous step

Calculation of the Q/P/W multicriteria matrix

Optimum MSW Management Scheme

(I)

(Ia)

(Ib)

(Ic)

(II)

(III)

(I) MULTICRITERIA ANALYSISMULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS


Criteria Hierarchy




Q/P/W multicriteria matrix


(I)

(IA)

(IB)

(IC)

(II)

(III)

(IA) Setting the Criteria Group Criteria Sub-criteria

Social (S) (S1) Harmonization with the existing legislative framework

(S2) Application of priorities of legislation

(S3) Social acceptance

(S4) Possibilities of new job positions

Environmental

(E)

(E1) Level of possible environmental impacts

(E2) Air emissions

(E3) Production of wastewater

(E4) Production of solid waste

(E5) Noise pollution

(E6) Aesthetic harmful effect

Financial (F) (F1) Total investment cost

(F2) Operation and maintenance cost

(F3) Land requirement

(F4) Production of secondary materials

Technical (T) (T1) Functionality

(T2) Existing experience-reliability

(T3) Adaptability in the local conditions

(T4) Flexibility

Group

Criteria

Group

weights

Sub-criteria Criterion Weight

Social (S) 15.00% (S1) Harmonization with the existing legislative framework 30.00%

(S2) Application of priorities of legislation 30.00%

(S3) Social acceptance 25.00%

(S4) Possibilities of new job positions 15.00%

Environmental

(E)30.00% (E1) Level of possible environmental impacts 25.00%

(E2) Air emissions 20.00%

(E3) Production of wastewater 20.00%

(E4) Production of solid waste 20.00%

(E5) Noise pollution 10.00%

(E6) Aesthetic harmful effect 5.00%

Financial (F) 30.00% (F1) Total investment cost 35.00%

(F2) Operation and maintenance cost 30.00%

(F3) Land requirement 15.00%

(F4) Production of secondary materials 20.00%

Technical (T) 25.00% (T1) Functionality 25.00%

(T2) Existing experience-reliability 30.00%

(T3) Adaptability in the local conditions 25.00%

(T4) Flexibility 20.00%

(IA) Setting weights for the Criteria



Criteria Hierarchy






(I)

(IA)

(IB)

(IC)

(II)

(III)

(IB) Schemes Evaluation - Social Criteria (S)

Schemes(S1) Harmonization with

the existing legislation

(S2) Application of

priorities of legislation

(S3) Social

acceptance

(S4) Possibilities of

new job positions

Scheme 1 1 1 1 2

Scheme 2 5 5 5 4

Scheme 3 9 9 10 7

Scheme 4 4 4 4 6

Scheme 5a 7 7 9 8

Scheme 5b 8 8 8 9

Scheme 6a 7 7 7 8

Scheme 6b 8 8 6 9

Scheme 7a 7 8 6 9

Scheme 7b 8 9 5 10

Scheme 8a 6 7 7 7

Scheme 8b 7 8 6 8

Scheme 9 5 5 4 6

Scheme 10 8 6 6 8

Scheme 11 8 6 7 8

Scheme 12 8 6 7 8

Scheme 13 6 7 3 6

Scheme 14 6 6 2 6

Schemes(E1) Level of possible

environmental impacts(E2) Air emissions

(E3) Production of

wastewater waste

(E4) Production of

solid waste-residue

Scheme 1 2 3 4 1

Scheme 2 4 4 4 4

Scheme 3 7 6 7 9

Scheme 4 4 5 4 3

Scheme 5a 7 7 7 7

Scheme 5b 5 5 6 6

Scheme 6a 7 8 6 6

Scheme 6b 5 6 5 5

Scheme 7a 8 6 8 8

Scheme 7b 6 4 7 7

Scheme 8a 7 7 7 7

Scheme 8b 5 5 6 6

Scheme 9 4 4 7 4

Scheme 10 6 5 8 6

Scheme 11 7 7 8 7

Scheme 12 7 6 8 8

Scheme 13 7 8 8 7

Scheme 14 6 6 6 7

(IB) Schemes Evaluation - Environmental Criteria (E)

Schemes(F1) Total

investment cost

(F2) Operation and

maintenance cost

(F3) Land

requirement

(F4) Production of useful

secondary materials

Scheme 1 9 9 3 1

Scheme 2 8 8 7 6

Scheme 3 7 8 6 9

Scheme 4 8 6 5 4

Scheme 5a 6 7 4 7

Scheme 5b 4 6 3 7

Scheme 6a 5 6 5 7

Scheme 6b 3 5 4 7

Scheme 7a 4 5 3 9

Scheme 7b 2 4 2 9

Scheme 8a 5 6 5 8

Scheme 8b 3 5 4 8

Scheme 9 7 6 7 3

Scheme 10 4 7 6 5

Scheme 11 4 7 4 6

Scheme 12 4 7 4 6

Scheme 13 7 8 6 7

Scheme 14 6 7 5 6

(IB) Schemes Evaluation - Financial Criteria (F)

Schemes(T1)

Functionality

(T2) Existing

experience-reliability

(T3) Adaptability in the

local conditions

(T4) Flexibility

Scheme 1 9 10 9 9

Scheme 2 8 9 8 8

Scheme 3 8 9 8 7

Scheme 4 7 8 7 8

Scheme 5a 6 7 7 7

Scheme 5b 5 6 6 6

Scheme 6a 6 7 7 6

Scheme 6b 5 6 6 5

Scheme 7a 5 6 6 5

Scheme 7b 4 5 5 4

Scheme 8a 5 7 7 5

Scheme 8b 4 6 6 4

Scheme 9 7 9 8 8

Scheme 10 8 9 7 8

Scheme 11 6 4 7 4

Scheme 12 6 6 7 5

Scheme 13 5 3 5 4

Scheme 14 3 2 3 3

(IB) Schemes Evaluation - Technical Criteria (T)

Total evaluation of MSW Management Schemes

SchemesSocial Environmental Financial Technical


Scheme 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 8 1 9 9 3 1 9 10 9 9

Scheme 2 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 7 5 8 8 7 6 8 9 8 8

Scheme 3 9 9 10 7 7 6 7 9 7 8 7 8 6 9 8 9 8 7

Scheme 4 4 4 4 6 4 5 4 3 7 4 8 6 5 4 7 8 7 8

Scheme 5a 7 7 9 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7

Scheme 5b 8 8 8 9 5 5 6 6 5 5 4 6 3 7 5 6 6 6

Scheme 6a 7 7 7 8 7 8 6 6 7 6 5 6 5 7 6 7 7 6

Scheme 6b 8 8 6 9 5 6 5 5 5 4 3 5 4 7 5 6 6 5

Scheme 7a 7 8 6 9 8 6 8 8 6 5 4 5 3 9 5 6 6 5

Scheme 7b 8 9 5 10 6 4 7 7 4 3 2 4 2 9 4 5 5 4

Scheme 8a 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 5 6 5 8 5 7 7 5

Scheme 8b 7 8 6 8 5 5 6 6 5 4 3 5 4 8 4 6 6 4

Scheme 9 5 5 4 6 4 4 7 4 7 2 7 6 7 3 7 9 8 8

Scheme 10 8 6 6 8 6 5 8 6 6 4 4 7 6 5 8 9 7 8

Scheme 11 8 6 7 8 7 7 8 7 6 5 4 7 4 6 6 4 7 4

Scheme 12 8 6 7 8 7 6 8 8 6 5 4 7 4 6 6 6 7 5

Scheme 13 6 7 3 6 7 8 8 7 7 6 7 8 6 7 5 3 5 4

Scheme 14 6 6 2 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 6 7 5 6 3 2 3 3



Criteria Hierarchy




Q/P/W Multicriteria matrix


(I)

(IA)

(IB)

(IC)

(II)

(III)

Multi-criteria matrix - Q/P/W valuesSocial 15% Environmental 30% Financial 30% Technical 25%


Scheme 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 8 1 9 9 3 1 9 10 9 9

Scheme 2 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 7 5 8 8 7 6 8 9 8 8

Scheme 3 9 9 10 7 7 6 7 9 7 8 7 8 6 9 8 9 8 7

Scheme 4 4 4 4 6 4 5 4 3 7 4 8 6 5 4 7 8 7 8

Scheme 5a 7 7 9 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7

Scheme 5b 8 8 8 9 5 5 6 6 5 5 4 6 3 7 5 6 6 6

Scheme 6a 7 7 7 8 7 8 6 6 7 6 5 6 5 7 6 7 7 6

Scheme 6b 8 8 6 9 5 6 5 5 5 4 3 5 4 7 5 6 6 5

Scheme 7a 7 8 6 9 8 6 8 8 6 5 4 5 3 9 5 6 6 5

Scheme 7b 8 9 5 10 6 4 7 7 4 3 2 4 2 9 4 5 5 4

Scheme 8a 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 5 6 5 8 5 7 7 5

Scheme 8b 7 8 6 8 5 5 6 6 5 4 3 5 4 8 4 6 6 4

Scheme 9 5 5 4 6 4 4 7 4 7 2 7 6 7 3 7 9 8 8

Scheme 10 8 6 6 8 6 5 8 6 6 4 4 7 6 5 8 9 7 8

Scheme 11 8 6 7 8 7 7 8 7 6 5 4 7 4 6 6 4 7 4

Scheme 12 8 6 7 8 7 6 8 8 6 5 4 7 4 6 6 6 7 5

Scheme 13 6 7 3 6 7 8 8 7 7 6 7 8 6 7 5 3 5 4

Scheme 14 6 6 2 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 6 7 5 6 3 2 3 3

MAX value of S1 criterion of all Schemes

MIN value of S1 criterion of all Schemes

Q(ij) = {MAX[subcriterion (ij)] – MIN[subcriterion (ij)]}/10,

P(ij) = 3 * Q(ij)

Where (i) is the chosen group criterion (S, E, F and T) (j) is the chosen sub-criterion (S1-S4, E1-E6, F1-F4, T1-T4)

Example: Calculating the Q & P of S1 sub-criterion

Q(S1)=(9 – 1)/10=0,8

P(S1)=Q(S1) * 3=0,8 * 3=2,4

Group Criteria Group weights Sub-criteria Criterion Weight W - Final weights Q P

Social (S) 15.00%S1 30.00% 0.0450 0.8 2.4

S2 30.00% 0.0450 0.8 2.4

S3 25.00% 0.0375 0.9 2.7

S4 15.00% 0.0225 0.8 2.4

Environmental

(E)30.00%

E1 25.00% 0.0750 0.6 1.8

E2 20.00% 0.0600 0.5 1.5

E3 20.00% 0.0600 0.4 1.2

E4 20.00% 0.0600 0.8 2.4

E5 10.00% 0.0300 0.4 1.2

E6 5.00% 0.0150 0.7 2.1

Financial (F)30.00% F1 35.00% 0.0105 0.7 2.1

F2 30.00% 0.0900 0.5 1.5

F3 15.00% 0.0450 0.5 1.5

F4 20.00% 0.0600 0.8 2.4

Technical (T) 25.00% T1 25.00% 0.0625 0.6 1.8

T2 30.00% 0.0750 0.8 2.4

T3 25.00% 0.0625 0.6 1.8

T4 20.00% 0.0500 0.6 1.8

* =

W(ij)=[% weight of Group criterion (i) * weight of Sub-criterion(ij)]/10000

Where (i) is the chosen group criterion (S, E, F and T) (j) is the chosen sub-criterion (S1-S4, E1-E6, F1-F4, T1-T4)

Example:

W(S1)=[% weight of Group criterion (S) * weight of Sub-criterion(S1)]/10000

W(S1)=[15% *30%]/10000=0,045

Multi-criteria matrix Q/P/W

Determining the optimum MSW Management SchemeMULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS





(I)

(Ia)

(Ib)

(Ic)

(II)

(III)

Criteria Hierarchy



Multi-criteria Matrix as has been set in the Decision Lab software

Management Schemes

Subcriteria

Q/P/W values

Ranking of MSW Management Schemes

1. Scheme 3 (Collection in one bin of recyclable materials) MRF (recovery of glass, paper- plastics, Fe and non Fe metals) and in another bin the biodegradableComposting and ResiduesLandfill)

2. Scheme 5a (Collection of mixed waste) Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics to end users), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Composting and ResiduesLandfill)

3. Scheme 10 (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Sorting (recovery of Fe and non Fe metals), remaining (residual) waste Incineration)

4. Scheme 6a (Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics to end users), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Anaerobic Digestion and residuesLandfill)

5. Scheme 13 (Autoclave/ Mechanical Processing) Fourth: Scheme 6a: Collection of mixed waste Mechanical Biological Treatment): Mechanical Sorting (recovery of glass, Fe and non Fe metals, paper- plastics (combustible materials to end users), Biological treatment: Biodegradable fraction Anaerobic digestion and ResiduesLandfill

Top 5 schemes for MSW Treatment in Morocco

Prof. M. Loizidou and D. Malamis emails: [email protected] & [email protected]

website: www.uest.gr

Thank You



http://www.uest.gr/

Multi-criteria analysis and ranking of alternative waste management schemes in Morocco Friday 19...

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