Molecules of Life. Glucose : Galactose Fructose.
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Transcript of Molecules of Life. Glucose : Galactose Fructose.
Molecules of Life
Glucose:
Galactose
Fructose
Carbohydrates are made ofSugars
• A sugar made of one unit is called a:
Monosaccharide
Examples:
Glucose – often called blood sugar
Fructose – sugar from fruit
Galactose – sugar found in milk
Dextrose
Disaccharides
• These sugars are made up of two
sugar units (2 Monosaccarides)
Example:
Sucrose (table sugar) = glucose + fructose
Lactose (milk sugar) = glucose + galactose
Maltose (malt sugar) = glucose + glucose
Sucrose
Polysaccharides
• These sugars are made up of multiplenumbers of monosaccharide bonded together.
Examples:StarchCelluloseGlycogen
Starch
Polysaccharides
Cellulose
Glycogen
FatsLipids
Triglycerides
1 Glycerol
+
3 Fatty Acids
Triglycerides
• are fats that contain, in varying proportions, three groups of fatty acids –
• Saturated,
• Polyunsaturated
• Monounsaturated.
Saturated Fats
• are the only fatty acids that raise blood cholesterol levels.
• Butter
• Margarine
• Fats in meat and dairy products
Monounsaturated Fats
• do not raise blood cholesterol levels.
(are made from plants)
• Canola
• olive oil
• other cooking oils.
• Steroids as Fats
• The main feature, as in all lipids, is the large number of carbon-hydrogens which make steroids non-polar.
• Steroids include such well known compounds as cholesterol, sex hormones, birth control pills, cortisone, and anabolic steroids
Cholesterol
• is an essential fat made by the liver.
• Many people get additional cholesterol by eating meat and dairy products.
• Too much dietary intake may raise blood cholesterol levels, and lead to heart disease.
Steroids
• Estrogen Testosterone
Cell Membrane
Proteins
Amino Acid Basic Structure
Alanine
Glycine
Alanine Glycine
Proteins
- Are made up of chains of amino acids(AA)
(C H O N and S)
- There are 20 amino acids your body uses to make necessary proteins
- The amino acids your body does not create (biosynthesize) you get thru your diet.
Function of Proteins….
• Enzymatic Catalyst• Transport Molecules• Storage Molecules• Locomotion (muscles)• Mechanical Support (skin, hair, bone)• Vision• Antibody responses
All Amino Acids contain….
• One Central Carbon Atom (-C-)• One Carboxyl group (-COOH)• One Amine group (-NH2)
And
•An R Group?
Myoglobin-globular
Collagen-fibrous
Trans Fat
• stays solid at room temperature.
• used in fast foods, fried foods and/or commercially processed food because ...
• enhances the food flavor, taste and texture.
• increases the shelf life of the food products
• Primary
• Secondary
• Tertiary
• Quatranary
BioChem Quiz
• Why is Water Important Reading
• What is water all about Notes
• CFP Packet
• Notes on Fats/ CArbos and Proteins
(Note book Notes)
Quiz A
Figure 1
H--O—H
Figure 2
Quiz B
• Fig. #1
• Fig. #2
2000 65g 20g 300mg 2400g
300g
25g x 50g