Māori Culture and Tourism

Kia hiwa ra! Kia hiwa ra!Hūtia te rito o te harakeke

Kei hea te kōmako e kō?He aha te mea nui o te ao?

Be alert! Be alert!Pull out the centre of the flax;Where then will the bellbird rest?What is the most important?

Māku e kī akeHe tangata! He tangata!

He tangata!Tihei Mauriora!

I will say;T’is people! T’is people! T’is people!Behold the breath of life!

Student/Trainee Name: .................................................................................................

School/Workplace/Provider: ........................................................................................

Tēna rawa atu koutou i runga i ō tātou tini aitua, o ia marae, kua whetūrangitia. Kei te mihi atu, kei te tangi atu. Me kī, rātou te hunga mate, ki a rātou. Tātou te hunga ora ki a tātou. Tēna ano tātou katoa.

Greetings to you and to all those from our marae that have passed on to the stars. We mourn them. We cry for them. They have passed on, and we the living remain. Greetings to us all.

How to use this book...................4 Study Plan .................................5

Tīmatanga Kōrero Introduction ...............................6

Tikanga Māori/Māori Customs .....8

Te Reo Māori/Māori Language .....12 Whakahuatanga/Pronunciation ....13 Reo Ā-iwi/Dialects.....................14 Ngā Mihi/Greetings ....................16 Assessment task 1 .....................18

Te Marae/Community centre ......22 Pōwhiri/Traditional Welcome .....24 Whakawhanaunga tanga/ Personal Introduction ................ 32 Assessment task 2 .................... 35

Kaitiakitanga/Preservation ......... 36 Nga Atua/Creation Story ........... 37 Kaitiaki/Guardians .................... 38 Waahi Tapu/ Restricted Location ...................44 Rāhui/Prohibition .....................46 Pou Rāhui/ Restriction markers .................. 47 Matariki/Māori New Year ...........48 Tāonga/Treasures .....................50 Mahi Toi Tōku Iho/ Arts and Crafts Traditions ......... 51 Assessment task 3 ....................52

Te Ao Tūroa/ The Natural World ..................... 56 Maunga/Mountains ................... 57 Awa/Rivers .............................. 58 Ana/Caves ............................... 59 Ngāwhā/Boiling Springs ............60 Assessment task 4 ....................62

Ngā ingoa o te whenua/ Place names ............................ 67 Kupe .......................................68 Rohe/Places .............................70 Māori Place Names for Aotearoa .................................. 72 Assessment task 5 .................... 74

Rārangi Whakamārama/ Glossary ..................................86 Bibliography .............................94

3ContentsRĀRANGI UPOKO

©ATTTO / Take your greatest journey

How to use this book 4

This workbook has been designed to serve as a helpful reference tool for you to use at your workplace, school or with your training provider. Within these pages, you will find stories, explanations of important Māori concepts, greetings, and other interesting information that you may want to share with visitors to your community. We have designed this workbook in such a way that you can easily locate the information you need. Inside there are a number of tasks for you to complete. These tasks will be used as evidence towards your completion of the following unit standards:

Number Title Level Credit Version

17383Explain the importance, and demonstrate correct pronunciation, of Māori place names in tourism

3 3 4

17384 List and use a range of te reo Māori greetings and farewells in tourism 3 3 4

17786 Explain the importance of respecting Māori customs and practices in tourism Māori 3 5 4

17788Identify, and explain the history of, natural attractions and significant sites in tourism Māori

3 5 4

17791 Identify and explain kaitiaki practices in tourism Māori 3 5 4

We strongly encourage you to visit a marae (Māori meeting place) at some point while you are completing this programme. The information you will be learning will be more meaningful and relevant if you are able to experience and apply it during a visit to a marae.

Before your marae visit, you should read through the first three sections of this workbook. In these pages you will find important information about how to prepare and what to expect when you visit a marae. For some people, visiting a marae can be intimidating, because they don’t know what to expect or what is expected of them. By reading through the first three sections of this workbook, you will gain an understanding of important Māori customs and protocols, and learn some greetings to use while you are on the marae.

The best way to learn about a particular culture is to interact with people from that culture. For this reason, we also recommend that you make contact with representatives of your local iwi to learn about the culture and history of the Māori of your region. Several of the assessment tasks in this workbook require you to conduct some research within your own community to record stories and information about the history and culture of your unique part of New Zealand.

©ATTTO / Māori Culture and Tourism

5

We recommend that you work through this workbook following the study plan outlined below:

• Read the ‘Tīmatanga kōrero’• Read the section on ‘Tikanga Māori’ and about the Māori language

‘Te Reo Māori’ then complete Task 1• Read about ‘Te Marae’ and complete Task 2 • Read and learn about ‘Kaitiakitanga’, the creation story ‘Ngā Atua’,

and Kaitiaki. • Read and learn about specific Māori customs and practices ‘Waahi Tapu’,

‘Rāhui’, ‘Pou Rāhui’, ‘Matariki’, ‘Tāonga’ and ‘Mahi Toi tōku iho’ then complete Task 3.

• Read about ‘Te Ao Tūroa’ and complete Task 4.• Read and learn ‘Ngā ingo o te Whenua’ and complete Task 5.

Feel free to attach additional pages for each task if required.

When all your tasks have been completed, photocopy them (so you have a copy for your records), assemble any other supporting materials and post them to your assessor. When you are given the name and contact details for your assessor, write them in the space provided below. If you don’t know who your assessor or tutor is please contact your provider.

Study Plan

Assessor contact details:

6

What makes Aotearoa (New Zealand) unique is its Māori culture. Other tourist destinations have similar climates, landscapes, and interesting natural features but Māori culture gives this country a special flavour that cannot be experienced anywhere else in the world. Other previously colonised countries have indigenous populations, but few have held on to their cultural traditions as strongly and are as prominent a part of the nation’s cultural identity as it is here.

Many manuhiri (visitors) to Aotearoa are especially curious about Māori culture. For many years manuhiri have been entertained by Māori performers in traditional costumes but increasingly, they are after a more ‘authentic’ experience of Māori culture. Today, manuhiri want to know more about the history, language and customs of Māori people and visit places that are of cultural significance.

Being able to provide visitors with information about Māori culture and sharing local stories will greatly enhance the visitor’s experience and add value to the service you provide.

The aim of this resource is to give you a basic understanding of Māori culture and customs and some interesting information you can share with visitors to your community. When you have completed this workbook you may also complete other workbooks in this series which are core units in the National Certificate in Tourism Māori (Level 3). For more information please contact your provider.

Rotorua/Arawa warriors perform a haka at Ngaruawahia. Date unknown.

Photo above courtesy Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, NZ.

Introduction Tīmatanga Kōrero

Local Māori guides continue the tradition of passing on knowledge through storytelling. Photo by James Heremaia courtesy of Tourism New Zealand.