Knowledge Management System- Unit 1

7/31/2019 Knowledge Management System- Unit 1

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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

Unit I


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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Knowledge Management is a newlyemerging, interdisciplinary businessmodel that has knowledge within the

framework of an organization as its focus.

KM involvesPeople,

Technology and

Process in overlapping parts.


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INTEGRAL PARTS OF KM

Using accessible knowledge

Embedding and storing knowledge

Representing knowledge in database Promoting knowledge growth through its

culture and incentives

Transferring and Sharing Knowledge

Assessing the value of Knowledge


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KM is a process of capturing and makinguse of firms collective expertise

anywhere in business on paper, indocument, in database or in peoples head(tacit knowledge).

Tacit knowledge is the raw material orfuel for innovation. Tacit knowledge is the

only competitive advantage that cansustain the company in an unpredictablebusiness environment.


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KM LIFECYCLE

1. Creation

2. Collection or capturea) Data Entry

b) Scanning

c) Voice Input

d) Interviewing

e) Brainstorming


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3. Organizationa) Catalogingb) Indexing

c) Filteringd) Linkinge) Codifying

4. Refinementa) Contextualizing (placing right text in right place)b) Collaboration (relationship)c) Compacting (Packing together)d) Projectinge) Mining

5. Dissemination

6. Maintenance


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THE DRIVERS OF KM Ideal decision makers possess a profound

understanding of specific domains that influencethe decision-making process, coupled with theexperience that allows them to act quickly anddecisively on the information.

Components of KM

Increasing Domain Complexity

Accelerating market Volatility Intensified speed of responsiveness

Diminishing Individual Experience


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NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE


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NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE Reality is that quality of the universe which exists

independent of the sentient observer.

Perception is the information conveyed to the observerthrough the senses or indirectly through interpretations ofmeasured or sensed data.

Conception is the correlation and generalization ofperceptions which exists in the mind of the observer.

Knowledge consists of the collection of perceptions andconceptions. The knowledge is clearly not reality. It is only a

model of reality. For Ex: what a chair looks like to us, what itfeels like to sit in, and what its function is. However, ourknowledge is not the chair. The more we perceive andconceive about the chair, the better is our model of the chair.Therefore, knowledge is not real; it is illusion.


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5PS OF STRATEGIC KM


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Purpose: To identify strength, weakness, threats and opportunities, mission, vision, goals,

objective and strategies.

Principles: Use a team to develop core values.

Processes: List all processes Document the processes using flowcharts, process maps and checklists. List process owners. If owners are not identified, designate process owners who

will do the process documentation and improvement.

People: Determine the extent, to which people are empowered, teams are in place. What is the level of self direction in teams? Set up a metrics system with targets for improvement Other things that relate to employee

Performance: Identify what measurements are/should be in place. Establish key performance indicators and baselines. Set up a metric system with targets for improvement.


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DIFFERENT TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

Procedural or Declarative Knowledge

Declarative knowledge may be characterized asknowwhat, whereas procedural knowledge maybe viewed as Knowhow.

Tacit or Explicit Knowledge

Tacit knowledge is more likely to be personal andbased on individual experience and activitieswhereas Explicit knowledge typically refers toknowledge that has been expressed into words andnumbers.

General or Specific or Technical Knowledge

Possessed by a large number of individuals and can

be transferred easily across individual.


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PRINCIPLES OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

1. Knowledge is messy.

2. Knowledge is self-organizing.

3. Knowledge seeks community.

4. Knowledge travels via language.

5. The more you try to pin knowledge down, themore it slips away.

6. Looser is probably better.


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6. There is no one solution.

7. Knowledge doesn't grow forever.

8. No one is in charge.

9. You can't impose rules and systems.

10. There is no silver bullet.

11. How you define knowledge determines how youmanage it.


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ALTERNATIVE VIEWS OF KNOWLEDGE

Knowledgeas

capability

Knowledgeas Access to

Information

Knowledgeas an object

Perspectives on Knowledge

Subjective View Objective View

Knowledge as aState of mind

Knowledge asPractice


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SUBJECTIVE VIEW OF KNOWLEDGE

According to the subjective view, reality is

socially constructed through interactionswith individuals.

Knowledge as a State of mind

Knowledge as a state of an individuals mind.Organisational knowledge is viewed as thebeliefs of the individuals within the organization.

Knowledge as Practice

Knowledge also is considered to be subjective but isviewed to be held be a group and not decomposableinto elements possessed by individuals.

Knowledge resides not in ones head but in practice.


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OBJECTIVE VIEW OF KNOWLEDGE

Reality is independent of humanperceptions and can be structured in termsof a priori categories and concepts.

Knowledge as Objects: knowledge is something that canbe stored, transferred and manipulated.

Knowledge as Access to information: knowledge is

viewed as enabling access and utilization of information.

Knowledge as Capability: knowledge can be applied toinfluence action.


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DATA, INFORMATION & KNOWLEDGE


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Data are symbols

Information are the data that are processed tobe useful; provides answers to "who", "what",

"where", and "when" questions.

Knowledge is nothing but application of data

and information; answers "how" questions.


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Data is raw. It simply exists and has no significancebeyond its existence. It can exist in any form, usableor not. It does not have meaning of itself. Incomputer parlance, a spreadsheet generally startsout by holding data.

Information is data that has been given meaning byway of relational connection. This "meaning" can beuseful, but does not have to be. In computerparlance, a relational database makes informationfrom the data stored within it.

Knowledge is the appropriate collection ofinformation, such that it's intent is to be useful.

Knowledge Management System- Unit 1

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