Jan Banning Lecture

7/30/2019 Jan Banning Lecture

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FCH JCHHDHK ENIR^ZN

NZCYG^Y @^DYFcaczrc% C~k~yr 32r`% :


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Fch Jchhdhk Enir~zn Nzcyg~y @~dy% Fcaczrc :


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Ym {`cr D bnidbnb rm bm {cy cyanb r`nyn gnh% {`m hm{ {nzn dh r`ndz 0


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D r`dha r`n yme~rdmh {cy bdyimvnzdhk r`cr r`dy dy hmr mhet cjm~r r`cr |nzymh% r`n |nzymh mh r`n mr`nz ydbn mo r`n

icgnzc R`dy dy cjm~r ~y% {`cr dy `c||nhdhk jnr{nnh r`nyn r{m |nm|en Ym% Dg hmr nhrnzdhk c zmmg rm |`mrmkzc|`

ymgnmhn cy c |`mrmkzc|`nz% j~r zyr mo cee D cg nhrnzdhk cy c |nzymh Ym r`n {ct r`n mr`nz |nzymh dy kmdhk rm zncir

rm gn `cy c emr rm bm {dr` `m{ D jn`cvn Dg hmr f~yr jn`dhb r`n icgnzc% Dg c |nzymh

Dhrnznyrdhket omz npcg|en% Zdi`czb Cvnhbmh dh `dy ecrnz {mza {cy hmr nvnh jn`dhb r`n icgnzc Ym `n {mzanb {dr` ch

cyydyrchr {`m {cy omi~ydhk% nri% nri% chb i`chkdhk r`n |ecrny% {mzadhk {dr` c `~kn icgnzc J~r `n {cy yrchbdhk

hnpr rm dr jnic~yn `n {chrnb rm jn v~ehnzcjen% rm jn ynnh chb hmr rm `dbn jn`dhb r`n icgnzc

Ym D r`dha r`cry ch cjyme~rnet vdrce r`dhk dh |mzrzcdr~zn Tm~zn gnnrdhk ymgnmhn chb tm~ `cvn rm zncedn r`cr Ym r`n

{ct r`n |nzymh {dee jn dh r`n |`mrm ecrnz `cy c emr rm bm {dr` `m{ tm~ jn`cvn Chb D r`dha dry vnzt ncyt rm

~hbnzyrchb mhin tm~ zncedn r`cr Mo im~zyn do tm~ imgn dh chb tm~ rzt rm gcan r`n crgmy|`nzn% edk`ry% chb tm~

|ect czm~hb% rzt rm gcan ymgn fmany r`n zncirdmh {dee jn img|enrnet bdoonznhr r`ch do tm~ imgn dh chb rcan {dr` tm~

c adhb mo ynzdm~y crgmy|`nzn

[cdr c gmgnhr

QFchy |diadhk ~| c bdkdrce YEZ icgnzcW

R`dy dy c bdkdrce icgnzc Hm{% {`cr D s~drn mornh ynn |nm|en bm dy% r`ntzn kmdhk rm rcan c |mzrzcdr

Qdgdrcrny c |`mrmkzc|`nz rcadhk c |dir~zn vnzrdiceet chb ynn r`n EIB |znvdn{ yiznnh cornz{czbyW

R`nzny hm imhrcir#

Omz |mzrzcdr~zn% r`n bdkdrce icgnzc D r`dha dy mhn mo r`n gmyr bdoi~er r`dhky chb D rnhb rm r`dha tm~ y`m~eb r`zm{ dr

c{ct chb yrczr rm ~yn ch meb icgnzc jnic~yn tm~ ichhmr (&emmadhk r`n dgckny zdk`r c{ct$ ym tm~ {dee jn imhrcirdhk

|nm|en R`cr bm r`cr cgmhk tm~zynevny chb tm~ {dee hmrdin r`n bdoonznhin dh tm~z m{h zncirdmh

Do tm~ {mza edan r`dy

Qdgdrcrny ckcdhW

R`nzny hm imhrcir #

Dg hmr f~yr jn`dhb r`n icgnzc%Dg c |nzymh



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Tm~ `cvn imhrcir {dr` tm~z icgnzc j~r hmr {dr` r`n |nzymh(

R`cr {dee hnvnz encb rm c kmmb |mzrzcdr



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R`nzn dy ceym c bdoonznhin jnr{nnh rcadhk c |mzrzcdr omz c hn{y|c|nz

chb omz tm~z m{h |zmfnir( R`n c||zmci` dy rmrceet bdoonznhr(((



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Fch Jchhdhk Enir~zn Nzcyg~y @~dy% Fcaczrc :% do Dg hmr gdyrcanh Zm~k`et y|ncadhk Ym r`n g~yn~g `cy jnnh iemynb ozmg ynvnzce tnczy Chb dry

c rnzzdjen gnyy jcydiceet j~r r`nt {chrnb rm |znynhr ymgnr`dhk rm r`n m~rydbn Ym r`nt cyanb gn rm bm c jmma chb r`n

mhet dhyrz~irdmh D {cy kdvnh {cy dr `cb rm jn znecrnb rm r`n znimhyrz~irdmh Dh ocir r`n bdznirmz ycdb r`n {ct {n ahm{ tm~ dr

bmnyhr gcan g~i` ynhyn rm cya tm~ rm bm ymgnr`dhk y|nidi ym |encyn onne oznn chb bm {`cr tm~b edan

QZdfayg~yn~g ynzdny dy |ectdhk mh r`n yiznnhW

Ym r`n {`men |zmfnir `cy ynvnzce cy|niry Omz npcg|en% D |`mrmkzc|`nb jcydiceet r`n rzciny mo r`n {mzanzy mh r`n {ceey

chb D bdb ymgn dhrnzdmz y`mry j~r hm{ D r`dha {n y`m~eb imhinhrzcrn mh r`n |mzrzcdry {`di` dy r`n gcdh |czr mo r`n jmma

Chb r`dhadhk cjm~r dr chb {ceadhk czm~hb% tm~ `cvn rm dgckdhn dry c vnzt yrzchkn r`dhk% dry c `~kn j~debdhk {`di` dyimg|enrnet yrzd||nb chb dh r`n jmrrmg dry cjyme~rn gnyy Jnic~yn @meechb dy ym em{% {nee img|cznb rm Fcaczrc tm~ yrczr

rm gcan `meny chb dr eey ~| {dr` {crnz chb dr jnimgny g~bbt Dry r`n ycgn r`dhk dh Cgyrnzbcg Chb dry c jdr bcza chb

tm~ km r`zm~k` r`nyn zmmgy chb r`nh y~bbnhet tm~ ynn c `~kn im|t mo r`n Hdk`r [cri` {`di` dy mjvdm~yet hmr r`n

mzdkdhce j~r r`nt ~yn dr Dh r`nyn emhnet zmmgy vnzt yrzchkn crgmy|`nzn

Ym {`cr D bnidbnb rm bm {cy rm ~yn ckcdh r`dy gmjden yr~bdm chb emma omz dhrnznyrdhk |eciny chb hdin jciakzm~hby chb

gmvn dr r`zm~k` r`n {`men j~debdhk chb r`nh cya |nm|en rm |myn dh ozmhr mo r`cr jciakzm~hb Mhn |`mrmkzc|` r`nh gmvn

rm chmr`nz jciakzm~hb chb yrtedyrdiceet D {chrnb rm bm r{m r`dhky Mh r`n mhn `chb% D {chrnb rm y`m{ vnzt ienczet r`cr

r`nyn czn {mzanzy Kzz``zg% yrzmhk% {mzanzy% j~r dh c adhb mo c v~ehnzcjdedrt

Ym enry yct% r`nyn |nm|en {mza {dr` r`ndz `chby chb r`ndz jmbdny Ym D {chrnb rm y`m{ mh r`n mhn `chb |`mrmy {`nzn

tm~ ich cir~ceet ynn c kmmb |czr mo r`ndz jmbt J~r hmr hninyyczdet knrrdhk r`dy gci`m crgmy|`nzn

Ym D jcydiceet c||zmci`nb dr r`n {ct @debn {cy |zmjcjet rneedhk cjm~r {`cr Dvn bmhn nczednz Ckcdh rzt rm dgckdhn tm~

`cvn r`nyn zcr`nz bcza zmmgy chb r`nh r`nzn dy r`n yr~bdm chb omz r`n yr~bdm D ~ynb c bdoonznhr adhb mo cy` {`di` `cy

yrzmhknz edk`ry Dry hmr ncyt rm rzcvne {dr` j~r r`cr bmnyhr gcrrnz tm~ ich f~yr bzdvn ozmg {`nzn D edvn chb knr tm~z yr~oo

m~r mo r`n icz chb dr bmnyhr gcrrnz do dry c emr mo yr~oo


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Y`ny ozmg Ynzjdc C ochrcyrdi ydbn {`di` `cy hmr`dhk rm bm {dr` r`dy |`mrmkzc|`t J~r tm~ ynn% y`n `cy r`dy |nhide% cht'

{ct chb r`nzny c `~kn y|cin chb tm~ ynn r`znn mz om~z mo r`dy ecbdny bzc{dhk r`dy rdht edhn rm znimhyrz~ir `m{ dr {cy dh

r`dy nhmzgm~y y|cin

Ym% r`n ecyr r`dhk D {chr rm yct cjm~r r`dy ynzdny dy {mzadhk r`nzn% D bdyimvnz r`cr r dy b~ri` i~er~zce ytgjme% D r`dha tm~

ich yct r`cr r`dy B~ri` G~yn~g% R`n Zdfayg~yn~g% dy |zmjcjet r`n yrzmhknyr B~ri` i~er~zce ytgjme Chb D om~hb dr vnzt

dhrnznyrdhk r`cr r`dy j~debdhk dy jndhk znimhyrz~irnb jt |nm|en ozmg ym gcht bdoonznhr im~hrzdny Chb cr r`dy gmgnhr% r`n

|medrdice ydr~crdmh dh @meechb dy hmr npciret vnzt ozdnhbet rm{czby omzndkhnzy R`nzny c adhb mo pnhm|`mjdi crgmy|`nzn

Ym D r`m~k`r dr ch dhrnznyrdhk yrcrngnhr dh r`dy jmma rm cbb hmr mhet r`ndz hcgny% r`ndz ckn% chb r`ndz fmj j~r ceym r`n

|ecin {`nzn r`nt {nzn jmzh Chb ckcdh jnic~yn mo im~zyn r`dy jmma mhet {nhr ' dr {cy hmr mh r`n gczanr% dr {cy f~yr omz

r`n |nm|en {`m `cvn znecrdmhy`d| {dr` R`n Zdfayg~yn~g% D r`m~k`r dr dhrnznyrdhk rm ceym |~jedy`nb r`cr dh c gckcdhn Ym%

hceet dr {cy c ygcee ynenirdmh mo im~zyn {cy |~jedy`nb dh r`n gckcdhn r`cr Gdi`nen dy {mzadhk omz% Bn _meayzchr%

dhie~bdhk r`myn dhbdicrdmhy Ym D rzt rm gcan dr |czr mo r`n |~jedi bdyi~yydmhy cjm~r y~i` rm|diy

Ym D r`dha% jnomzn D kcvn tm~ r`n m||mzr~hdrt rm cya s~nyrdmhy% do tm~ {chr ynhrnhiny cjm~r r`cr% D r`dha {n cy

|`mrmkzc|`nzy mz {`crnvnz {n czn% do {n czn czrdyry mz |`mrmfm~zhcedyry% D r`dha {n `cvn c zmen rm |ect dh ymidnrt chb Dr`dha {n y`m~eb rzt rm rcan r`cr zny|mhydjdedrt Ym% {`crnvnz {n czn bmdhk% dr dy ~ynb% dr dy |znynhrnb rm{czby r`n |~jedi

Ym enry jn c{czn mo r`cr zmen dh ymidnrt chb enry |ect% enry hmr f~yr jn bnimzcrdvn mz dry hmr mhet cjm~r nczhdhk tm~z

gmhnt% mjvdm~yet r`cry ch dg|mzrchr r`dhk j~r D r`dha {n `cvn c zny|mhydjdedrt rm{czby r`n ymidnrt r`cr {n czn |czr mo chb

{`nr`nz dry cjm~r |mzrzcdr~zn mz {`crnvnz adhb mo |`mrmkzc|`t% enry rzt rm |ect r`cr zmen chb jn c{czn mo r`cr Chb D r`dhk

r`cr dy {`cr D {chr rm yct cr r`n nhb mo gt |czr Do tm~ `cvn cht s~nyrdmhy |encyn km c`ncb

&&&

[n cy |`mrmkzc|`nz mz {`crnvnz {n czn% D r`dha {n `cvn c zmen

|ect dh ymidnrt chb D r`dha {n y`m~eb rzt rm rcan r`cr zny|mhydjdedrt


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{n {chr rm km jcia jnic~yn {n `cb rm bzdvn yrdee omz ch `m~z mz gmzn R`nzn {nzn emry mo |nm|en czm~hb% dhydbn dr {cy

vnzt rmm bcza ym {n `cb rm km rm r`n vnzchbc% chb |nm|en {nzn cee czm~hb `nz chb y`n {cy f~yr ydrrdhk r`nzn% chb y`n

bdbhr `ncz chtr`dhk% y`n bdbhr ynn chtr`dhk [n bdbhr hnnb rm rnee |nm|en rm jn s~dnr jnic~yn y`n bdbhr iczn Y`n {cy

f~yr omi~ydhk mh Fch chb Fch {cy omi~ydhk mh `nz chb r`cr {cy dr

Qjcia rm FchW

Dry hmr r`n dbnce ydr~crdmh% tm~ rzt rm cvmdb r`cr J~r dr {mzanb dh r`cr {ct

Q@debn y|ncayW

Ym dry ymgnrdgny ceym ymgn |nzymh czn ceym gmzn m|nh r`ch mr`nzy

QFchWDh c y|nidi ydr~crdmh nrinrnzc% nrinrnzc

S 6 D cyanb dr jnic~yn ozmg gcht edrnzcr~zn% mz gcht |`mrmkzc|`nzy ce{cty ycdb r`cr r`n ntn dy dg|mzrchr Ym r`dy|zmjcjet znceet ng|`cydn% znceet c kmmb npcg|en mo {`cr dr dy D ceym dhrnznyrnb do tm~ ~yn% tm~ rzt bdoonznhr enhy% {`cr adhb

mo ns~d|gnhr bm tm~ ~y~ceet jzdhk= Dr ynngy r`cr tm~ hmr mhet ~yn mhn enhy rm bm r`n |dir~zny J~r tm~ i`chknb gcht

rdgny {`nh tm~ ocin r`n y~jfniry

C6 [nee% Dh r`n icyn mo r`n |mzrzcdry mo R`n Imgomzr [mgnh% D {cy ~ydhk f~yr mhn enhy Ym ckcdh% D rzt rm jn iencz cjm~rr`cr jnomzn D yrczr rm {mza Chb np|nzdgnhrdhk D bm {dr` mr`nz |nm|en% edan `nzn% |zn|czdhk omz r`n imgomzr {mgnh ynzdnyDvn jnnh np|nzdgnhrdhk {dr` |mzrzcdry mh Zmyc% {dr` |mzrzcdry mh @debn chb r`nh tm~ ich |ect czm~hb% r`cr bmnyhr

gcrrnz Chb r`nh Dg hmr rceadhk cjm~r `~kn |mzrzcdry ymgnrdgny ymgnr`dhk hdin imgny m~r% j~r r`cry hmr r`n fmj% r`nh D

cg {mzadhk rni`hdiceet J~r mhin r`n ynzdny {mza yrczry% r`nh D `cvn rm jn iencz cjm~r dr

Tm~z s~nyrdmh cjm~r r`n icgnzc tm~ ich ynn dr `nzn chb r`cr r`dhk dy `~kn chb dry jzncadhk gt jcia J~r r`nzny c kmmb

r`dhk cjm~r dr jndhk jdk jnic~yn r`cr gcany dr vnzt bdoonznhr ozmg {`cr |nm|en czn ~ynb rm Chb {`cr D ycdb nczednz dy%

D {chr rm imhvnt r`n gnyyckn% Emma {n rmknr`nz% tm~ chb gn% hmr f~yr gn% tm~ chb gn% {n rmknr`nz czn kmdhk rm bm

ymgnr`dhk vnzt y|nidce% vnzt ~hds~n R`dy dy hmr |`mrmkzc|`t r`n {ct tm~ ahm{% r`dy dy hmr yhc|y`mr

Dry cegmyr edan gcadhk c yi~e|r~zn R`dy dy ynzdm~y j~ydhnyy Chb r`n jdk icgnzc `ne|y chb mo im~zyn dr ich jn vnzt

dhrdgdbcrdhk ym tm~ `cvn rm {mza mh r`cr% j~r dry inzrcdhet imhvnty r`n gnyyckn%Emma r`dy dy hmr |`mrmkzc|`t r`n {ct

tm~ ahm{ dr% r`dy dy y|nidceYm r`cry c vnzt dg|mzrchr zncymh chb r`nh r`nzn czn ymgn |zcirdice zncymhy ceym jnic~yn

~ydhk c jdkknz icgnzc gnchy tm~ `cvn c jdkknz vdn{hbnz {`di` {`nh tm~ emma r`zm~k` dr kdvn tm~ g~i` gmzn vdy~ceimhrcir D bmhr edan r`dy ygcee YEZ {dhbm{y% dry ym ygcee D {chr rm onne dr chb r`dy dy c ? p 0 icgnzc ym r`n vdn{hbnz

dy ceym jdk Ym D ich znceet ynn {`cry kmdhk mh r`nzn

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S 6Bm tm~ `cvn c y|nidce zncymh rm i`mmyn je~n jciakzm~hb mz f~yr c je~n cgjdnhin= (znonzzdhk rm r`n je~ndy`jciakzm~hb mo R`n Imgomzr [mgnh |mzrzcdry$

C6 Tny% r`cry zdk`r [nee dhrnznyrdhk nhm~k`% D r`m~k`r D {cy j~tdhk gmzn mz enyy hn~rzce kznt jciakzm~hb% r`cry `m{dr emmay Chb {nee% Dg hmr c rnprden y|nidcedyr% D bmhr ahm{ {`cr `c||nh j~r {`nh D |~r edk`r mh dr% dr jnimgn g~i` je~nz

gmzn r`ch tm~ {m~eb np|nir J~r D r`m~k`r dr {mzanb m~r hn% dr {cy imme imemzy ym dr zninbny chb dr {nhr {nee {dr`

nvnztr`dhk J~r r`cr {cy c yrzchkn e~ia jnic~yn dh r`n jnkdhhdhk omz r`n zncymh D {cy kdvdhk tm~% D r`m~k`r Mact cy

|`mrmkzc|`nz Dg hmr kmdhk rm dh~nhin r`dy {dr` r`dy yrtedyrdi gnchy ym enry yrczr {dr` kzntChb r`nh r`n kznt r~zh m~r

rm jn zcr`nz je~n chb D r`m~k`r% Tnc` r`dyy mact% dr {mzay {neeYm dr {cy edan c |znynhr

R`cha tm~ vnzt g~i` omz tm~z crrnhrdmh% omz tm~z |crdnhin chb kmmb e~ia {dr` tm~z m{h {mza chb D `m|n {n `cvn c

i`chin rm gnnr dh r`n o~r~zn chb gctjn r`n mr`nz {ct czm~hb tm~ y`m{ gn chb rnee gn cjm~r tm~z {mza J~r kmmb e~ia

chb enry gnnr ckcdh dh r`n o~r~zn

&&&

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{{{ z~dgckny hnr

& R`n Imgomzr [mgnh |zmfnir dy c fmdhr dhdrdcrdvn mo fm~zhcedyr @debn Fchyynh chb |`mrmkzc|`nz Fch Jchhdhk

R`n zyr znynczi` |zn|czcrdmhy yrczrnb dh gdb :

Jan Banning Lecture

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