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Mul$-AgentControlforIntelligentBuildingsinaMicrogrid

Invited Panel Presentation2011 IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid

Technologies Anaheim, California

January 17, 2011

By Prof. Saifur Rahman

Outline

Intelligent buildings Microgrid systems Agents for building and microgrid system control

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What is an Intelligent Building?

An intelligent building can control its

internal loads to make them operate more

efficiently, while maintaining end-user

comfort.

Such a building is equipped with:

-Energy management systems (EMS), or- Building automation systems (BAS).

Building Blocks of an Intelligent Building

Sensors Integrated communications Individual system controllers

Central control (agent/software)and remote monitoring

Source: Portland Energy Conservation, Inc. 4

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Example: An Intelligent Office Building

w/ Lighting and HVAC control capability

Lightsensor

Occupancysensor

Temperature sensor

Climatic sensor (humidity, CO2)

Lightingcontrol

switch

Position

sensors

- cut AC

when

windows

are open

Individual/central

control on a touchpanel or PC/

notebook,

can be remotely

monitored via amobile phone or

on the Internet

Source: Enocean Alliance

Integrated communications

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Lighting Control System

w/ Sensors and Controllers

Daylight sensors

Occupancy sensors

Dimmable ballasts forfluorescent controlSensors

Lighting controller

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HVAC Control System

w/ Smart Thermostat

Can program room temperaturesettings during different periods of

the day

Can learn how long the furnaceand AC take to reach programmed

temperature settings

Can force the compressor to waita few minutes before restarting toprevent equipment damage

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What is a Microgrid? A microgrid is a subset of an electric power system, generally located at

the distribution level. It is a coordinated electrical subsystem with:

multiple distributed energy sources, loads, a section of network and is

capable of operating independently from the grid.

Microgrid

DistributionSwitchyard

Transmission Sub-TransmissionHV SwitchyardGeneraion

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Microgrid Illustration

At a minimum, a microgrid can comprise a single customer with localgeneration and loads. A part of the distribution feeder, or the whole

distribution feeder, or the whole distribution substation can also be

considered a microgrid

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Candidates for Distributed Energy

Sources in a Microgrid

PhotovoltaicsWind energy systemsInternal combustion enginesFuel cell power plantsMicroturbinesFlywheels and Storage systemsElectric vehicles

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Electric VehiclesElectric vehicles could be a new power-intensive loadin a distribution system.

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Thermal Ice Storage

Source: University of Arizona (http://uanews.org/node/20121)

Thermal ice storage can be used to shift some of the daytime load to nighttime.

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Multi-Agents

What is a multi-agent system?A multi-agent system is a collection of several software agents workingtogether that are capable of learning from, interacting with and reactingto the changes in environment and sometimes taking initiatives toachieve overall goal of the system.

Examples

Internet(searchengines,e-shoppingetc.)

VideoGames

Bioinforma:csBuildingAutoma:on

Microgrids

Manymore

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Intelligent Agents for Building and

Microgrid Controls Agents can be used to monitor, control and supervise loads and

generators in buildings or microgrid systems.

Building

Lightingcontrol HVAC

controlEV charge

system

OtherEMS

systems

Multi-agent system*

Building Energy Management System

Microgrid

DERcontrol

Loadcontrol

Multi-agent system*

DER = distributed energy resources14

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Conclusions

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Multi-agent systems can be used forbuilding/microgrid control

This is a proof-of-concept that creates anenvironment such that building and/or

microgrid loads can be made available as a

virtual storage unit during an emergency

Thank You

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Prof. Saifur Rahmansrahman@vt.edu

www.saifurrahman.org