Invasive Insect Tsunami: Managing Brown Marmorated Stink ...

ElijahJ.Talamas,ARSUSDA.

InvasiveInsectTsunami:ManagingBrownMarmoratedStinkBuginNYSOrchards

Dana Acimovic Art Agnello Tessa Grasswitz Lydia Brown Peter Jentsch CALS – HVRL CALS - NYSAES CCE-LOFT CALS – HVRL CALS - HVRL

Photograph:ChristopherHedstromUSDA-APHISQuarantineFacility,

Corvallis,Oregon

Hudson Valley Research Laboratory

2019ENYCHPWinterFruitSchoolsDesmondHotel&ConfCtr,Albany,NY

BiologicalControloftheBrownMarmoratedStinkBug,Halyomorphahalys(Stål)InNYState.BrownMarmoratedStinkBug

Management


•  BMSBEcology&Biology

•  Monitoring/Scouting

•  StinkBugInjuryDiagnostics

•  InsecticideEfficacyStudies

•  BiologicalControl

•  Novel/InnovationMgt.Research

StinkBugBiology

•  Large ‘Shield’ bug body form (3.5 cm)

•  Proboscis (moutparts) shielded prior to insertion into fruit

•  Body held above the surface of foliage and fruit

•  Tarsi hold insect on small segments onto smooth surfaces

•  Limited exposure to residual insecticides

HudsonValleyStinkBugComplex(Pentatomidae)SpeciesOfEconomicImportance


Brown Stink Bug, Euschistus servus (Say)•  Native to North America•  Feeds on broad leaf plant & seed (Mullen, Dock,

Plantain)•  Moves to apple borders during periods of drought•  Pyrethroids, Pre-mix Neonic + Pyrethroid

Green Stink Bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say).•  Native to North America•  Arborial dwelling, feed on seed, stems and foliage•  Moves to apple borders during periods of drought

Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål)•  Newly invasive in North America•  Arborial dwelling, feed on seed, stems and foliage•  Moves to apple borders during periods of high

population, drought

GaryBernonUSDA-APHIS

P. Jentsch - Cornell

HudsonValleyStinkBugComplex(Pentatomidae)SpeciesOfEconomicImportance

Brown Stink Bug, Euschistus servus (Say)

Green Stink Bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say).

Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål)

GTTCP BloomPF1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C



GaryBernonUSDA-APHIS

P. Jentsch - Cornell

Adult Stink bug damage

Adult & Nymph Stink bug damageAdult SB Presence

Adult Stink bug damage

Hudson Valley Stink Bug Complex Species Of Economic Importance

CitizenScienceProjectParticipation(Homeowners)BMSBhasbeendetectedinallbut6of62countiesinNYS

BMSB:


Overwinteringhabitat

•  Asmallpercentofthepopulationwillaggregateinbuildingswheretemperatureextremesallowforsurvivalinnorthernclimates,potentiallycreatinglocalizedclusterpointsforAg.infestations.

•  ThemajorityofBMSBresideinthewoodlandhabitat

(StandingDeadOak(Quercusspp.),Locust(Robiniaspp.)Lee,Doo-Hyungetal.2014)

•  Inwoodlandhabitat,temperaturesbelow-18oCor-0.4oFwillkill90%ofthepopulation(Kuhar,T.2016)

FactorsforBMSBSuccess:Overwintering

TheBrownMarmoratedStinkBugintheAg.&UrbanEnvironment

Detectedin44statesand4Canadianprovinces


FactorsforBMSBSuccess:#ofGenerations


•  Sunlight/Daylength(BMSBadultmating)

o  13.5hdaylengthformatingandegglayingtobegin

o  Geneva,NY April29th–Aug13th

o  HVRLHighland May1st–Aug.11th

BMSB:GenerationalIntervals


•  DegreeDayAccumulations

o  Itrequires538degreedays(DD–based50ºF)todevelopfromeggtoadult.

o  Anadditional148DDarerequiredforfemalematurationat77ºF.

o  Totalof686DD50for1generation;

o  1224DD50fora2ndcompletetheadultOWpopulation

FactorsforBMSBSuccess:#ofGenerations


OW Adult Emergence 1st Egg 1st Gen. Adult 2nd G. Egg 2nd Gen. Adult


Management








State-wide Trap Monitoring of BMSB in NY USDA #10 Lure & MDT Using Tedders Traps


VentedtrapcontainerholdingduellureKillingstripofVapona;bungicordstrapsPyrimidblackbasetomimmictreetrunkScreenedbasetoreduceweedsandprovidecontrastforcrawlingSBPlacedalongdecidiouswoodland/orchardedge

AgBio-inc.comTrap,lures,killstrip

TreatmentThreshold:10adults/trap/week

Green&BrownMarmoratedStinkBug:Monitoring

StickyCardTrap*duelpheromone

AtKTrap(Vestegaard)*duelpheromone*deltamethrin-Incorporatednet

Threshold:10adults/trap/week


TeddersTrap*duelpheromone


Green&BrownMarmoratedStinkBug:Monitoring


Management








BMSB:DefiningInjuryStinkBug,Hail,BitterPit,Maggot


StinkBug:

•  Discolored

shallow

depression

•  Corkingto

skinsurface

•  Feeding

puncture



Hailinjury:

•  Discolored

shallow

depression

•  Corkingto

skinsurface

•  Nofeeding

puncture



BitterPit:

•  Discolored

shallow

depression

•  Corkingnot

toskin

surface

•  Nofeeding

punctureJonagold



AppleMaggot:

•  Sting

Depression

•  Noskin

Discoloration

•  Nocorking

•  Oxidized

tunnelingor

trails


Management





•  InsecticideEfficacyBiologicalControl


InsecticideUse


ManagementOptions

β-cyfluthrin

Early Mid LateAugust

Blondee BlondeeSansa Paulared

TydemanZestar

SeptemberAutmnCrisp AutmnCrisp AmbrosiaBlondee Cortland AutmnCrispGala Empire BraeburnGingerGold Honeycrisp GoldenDelicious

GoldenSupreme Macoun JonagoldGreening Shamrock Mutsu/CrispinJonamac SnowSweet PinovaMcIntosh Tydeman RedDeliciousTwentyOunce RubyFrost™Tydeman RubyJon

SnapDragon™SnowSweet

OctoberBraeburn Braeburn BraeburnCameo Cameo CameoFortune Fuji FujiIdared GrannySmith GrannySmithNorthernSpy RubyFrost™ SpigoldRome Shizuka SuncrispRubyFrost™ SpigoldShizuka SuncrispSnapDragon™SnowSweet

November PinkLady


NYBMSBManagementOptionsWHOLEORCHARDapplicationearly-midAugustTrapThreshold+observationEgglayinginorchardpossible14-7dPHI

2-4applicationsbeginninginearlyAugustPerimeterRowapplications35-7dPHI

5-8applicationsbeginninginearlyAugustPerimeterRowapplications35-7dPHI

>6applicationsbeginninginearlyAugustPerimeterRowapplications35-7dPHI

Early Mid LateAugust

Blondee BlondeeSansa Paulared

TydemanZestar

SeptemberAutmnCrisp AutmnCrisp AmbrosiaBlondee Cortland AutmnCrispGala Empire BraeburnGingerGold Honeycrisp GoldenDelicious

GoldenSupreme Macoun JonagoldGreening Shamrock Mutsu/CrispinJonamac SnowSweet PinovaMcIntosh Tydeman RedDeliciousTwentyOunce RubyFrost™Tydeman RubyJon

SnapDragon™SnowSweet

OctoberBraeburn Braeburn BraeburnCameo Cameo CameoFortune Fuji FujiIdared GrannySmith GrannySmithNorthernSpy RubyFrost™ SpigoldRome Shizuka SuncrispRubyFrost™ SpigoldShizuka SuncrispSnapDragon™SnowSweet

November PinkLady


NYBMSBManagementOptions

HighVolumeofFruitLowInjuryLevel

LowVolumeofFruitHighFruitInjuryLevels


NYManagementOptions

Early-midAugust•  SingleApplication(Thiamethoxam)•  NYStotal11.0oz./AofActaraWDG•  35DTH


Mid-lateAugust•  5-10dapplicationschedule•  21DTH

NYManagementOptions


LateAugust-EarlySeptember•  5-10dapplicationschedule•  Bifenthrin(30dRe-application)•  14DTH

NYManagementOptions


Mid-September•  5-10dapplicationschedule•  7DTH

NYManagementOptions


Management


•  AspectsofBMSBEcology&Biology

•  AgriculturalMonitoring/Scouting

•  DefiningStinkBugInjury

•  DirectedApplications&Efficacy

•  Novel/Innovation(Research)


AttractandKillNettinginOrchardDuelPheromone+Insecticide

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

AxisTitle

CombinedSeasonalTrapCapturesUsingPheromoneandPheromone+Light

Studies of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in New York State 2016

(September–15October:TotalBMSB=12,894


MonitoringtheStinkBugComplexUsingFreeStandingSolarLEDATK+Phermone


IncludingSolarLEDauto-onwithATK/pher.increasesBMSBcaptures

Attract&KilloftheStinkBugComplexToReduceBMSBPopulationsAlongtheOrchardEdge

2274

11291025

BMSBTrapCaptures/Trap/Da

y

BMSBTrapCaptures/Trap/Da

y

TrapPlacementATKLEDATKTeddersPanel TrapThreshold

RedistributionofSamuraiWasp,Trissolcusjaponicus(Ashmead)InNYS


•  Samuraiwasp,Trissolcusjaponicus,isan

eggparasitoidoftheBMSB

•  Lays1eggintoeachBMSBegg

•  WasplarvafeedonBMSBnymph

•  AdultwaspemergesfromBMSBeggs

•  Canhave5generations/year

RedistributionofSamuraiWasp,Trissolcusjaponicus(Ashmead)InNYS


•  Samuraiwasp,Trissolcusjaponicus,isan

eggparasitoidoftheBMSB

•  Lays1eggintoeachBMSBegg

•  WasplarvafeedonBMSBnymph

•  AdultwaspemergesfromBMSBeggs

•  Canhave5generations/yearLivealongthewoodededgeofAg.

ResidesinBMSBdeciduoustreehosts

Limitedexposiuretoinsecticides

BiologicalControloftheBrownMarmoratedStinkBug,Halyomorphahalys(Stål)InNYState.


2mmTrissolcusjaponicus

IntroductiontoTrissolcusjaponicus(SamuraiWasp)ForBMSBManagement?

•  In2014adventivepopulations(wild)ofT.japonicuswerefoundinBeltsville,MDusingsentinelBMSBeggs

(TalamasEJ,HerlihyMV,DieckhoffC,HoelmerKA,BuffingtonML,BonM-C,WeberDC(2015)Trissolcusjaponicus(Ashmead)emergesinNorthAmerica.JournalofHymenopteraResearch43:119-128.https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.4661)

•  In2015T.japonicuswerefoundinVancouver,WA,WashingtonDCandWinchester,VA,.

•  In2016,T.japonicuswasalsofoundinWV,MD,NJandNYintheEast,andORintheWest.

TrissolcusjaponicusFieldRecoverySitesintheUS


MonroeCo.

OrleansCo.

OrangeCo.

UlsterCo. Dutchess

Co.

ColumbiaCo.

2017SentinelEggPlacement

11NYSSites

WayneCo.

OntarioCo.


NYSDECLiberationofWildlifePermit(July2017)

Afterin-depthreviewofapplicableprovisionsoftheEnvironmentalConservationLaw(ECL)andCodes,RulesandRegulationsoftheStateofNewYork(NYCRR),DEChasconcludedthatitsregulatoryauthorityextendstotheissuanceofpermitsforthereleaseofspecificallydefinedspeciesofwildlifeandlistedendangered,threatened,and/orinvasivespecies.WildlifeisdefinedinECLS11-0103.Endangeredandthreatedspeciesareidentifiedin6NYCRRPart182,andlistedinvasivespeciesareidentifiedin6NYCRRPart575.DEChasrecentlyconcludedthattheirstatutoryandregulatoryframeworkaroundtheLiberationofWildlifePermitregulatingreleaseofbiologicalssuchasinsectsdoesnotgenerallyapplytoreleasinginsectsintothewild,solongastheproposedreleaseisnotofaninsectthatislistedoneithertheendangeredorinvasivespecieslistings.UponreviewbytheDEC,theadventiveT.japonicuspopulationdoesnotrequirealicenseorpermitfromDECtoundertakethemovementandreleaseoftheSamuraiwasp,asitisnotlistedwithin6NYCRR575.


•  MarlboroT.japonicususedtodevelopcolonyandparasitize-80oCBMSBeggs.

•  FixedparasitizedeggstopetridishlidaddedziptieforRTmailingandemergence.

•  Parasitizedeggssenttocooperatorson15thSeptember.

•  Parasitizedeggsplacedon32sitesof25farmsin5NYcounties.

TrissolcusjaponicusReleaseSitesoftheBrownMarmoratedStinkBuginNewYorkState

2017ParasitizedEggParasitoidRelease‘Redistribution’


MonroeCo.OrleansCo.

OrangeCo.

UlsterCo.

DutchessCo.

ColumbiaCo.

2017 NYT.japonicusRedistribution

SentinelEgg(SE)PlacementSamuraiWaspReleaseSites2017SERecapture2018SERecapture

SullivanCo.

SamuraiWaspRedistributionSites2017-2018CitizenScience(N=29),Agricultural(N=34)



DrapeNetInsectExclusionStudyStinkBugExclusion


HudsonValleyResearchLab•  ScabResistantBlock•  11VarietiesonG.11•  2018DrapeNetStudy

•  InsectExclusion


DrapeNetInsectExclusionStudySamuraiWaspConservation

Invasive Insect Tsunami: Managing Brown Marmorated Stink ...

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