Instructional Design. Last Week: Constructivism Instructional Design Definition.
Introduction to Instructional Design
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Instructional Design Introduction Compiled by Dr Zahari Hamidon
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Transcript of Introduction to Instructional Design
Instructional DesignIntroduction
Compiled by Dr Zahari Hamidon
Objective
Justification for Instruction
Basis of ID
ID: Definition
Types of ID Models (Ritchey, 1986)
Justification for Instruction
• “But I already know that”
• “I don’t need to know that”
• Our goal is to instruct as effectively and as efficient as possible only as long as the need exist – until each student can perform as desired. (Mager, 1995; Kemp, Morrison & Ross, 1998)
• Our job is to help people to grow.(Mager, 1995:5)
ID based on:Kemp,Morrison & Ross (1998:2)
1 Learning theories
2 Information technology
3 Systematic analysis
4 Management methods
Seels & Glasgow(1998:1)
1. Psychology
2. Systems Approach
3. Communication
Mager (1995:10)
1. Management
2. Performance technology
3. Instruction
ID: Definition
• “the science of creating detailed specifications for development, evaluation and maintenance of situations which facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter (Ritchey, 1986:9)
• … it is useful to have a basic understanding of curriculum and its relationship to Instructional Design. Developing curriculum is often considered the starting point for instruction (Kemp, Morrison & Ross, 1998:2)
Types of ID Models (as described by Ritchey, 1986)
• Two kinds of model identified by Harre(1960)– Micromorph• Physical, visual replicas– Eg planetarium and computer simulation– Flowcharts
– Paramorphs• Symbolic models, typically using verbal description– Eg How you describe ‘cold’ in words?
– Paramorph – genarally catergorized into 3 category:• Conceptual model• Procedural model or• Mathematical model
Conceptual modelVerbal description of a view realityMore likely supported by experience
Procedural modelStraight forward – describe how to perform the taskBased on knowledge of what creates a successful productKnowledge is typically either exeprienced-based or is
derived from another related theory or model
Mathematical modelDescribe the relationships between various components
of a situationTo devise a precise formula, one must have a great deal
of data from similar experiences, so the exact relationships can be determined.
(Ritchey, 1986)
