Introduction Mandarin

8/10/2019 Introduction Mandarin

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Introduction toMandarin Phonetics


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http://learning.chinese.cn/pinyin_en/index.html

http://file.chinese.cn/flash_jt/pinyinchart_win/mypinyin.swf

http://learning.chinese.cn/wordbookr335/
http://learning.chinese.cn/pinyin_en/index.htmlhttp://file.chinese.cn/flash_jt/pinyinchart_win/mypinyin.swfhttp://file.chinese.cn/flash_jt/pinyinchart_win/mypinyin.swfhttp://learning.chinese.cn/wordbookr335/http://learning.chinese.cn/wordbookr335/http://learning.chinese.cn/wordbookr335/http://file.chinese.cn/flash_jt/pinyinchart_win/mypinyin.swfhttp://file.chinese.cn/flash_jt/pinyinchart_win/mypinyin.swfhttp://file.chinese.cn/flash_jt/pinyinchart_win/mypinyin.swfhttp://learning.chinese.cn/pinyin_en/index.htmlhttp://learning.chinese.cn/pinyin_en/index.html


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Initial + Final +Tone Syllable

(Pinyin)

m

tone

finalinitial

Not all the syllables have an initial, but every syllable must have a final and a tone.


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Tones


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The neutral tone

They are pronounced both shortly and lightly.There is no tone mark for this kind of syllables.

For example:

nmenyou (pl.)

nhoma?How are you?

b bafather mmamother


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21 Initials

b p m f

d t n l

g k h

j q x

z c s

zh ch sh r


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6 single finals


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ma m, m, m, m

la 1, 3, 2, 4

fa 3, 1, 2, 4

ti 1,2,4mo 2,4,3

pai 3,2,4

lao 1,2,3

nan 2,4

bang 1,3,4

Read out loud


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long ,2,4,3

fo 2

gei 2

deng 1,2,4

ji 2,4,3

qi 3,2,4

zhi 1,2,3,4

chi 2,1,3,4

Shi 1,2,3,4


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qian 2,1,4,3

jiang 1,3

jiu 1

qin 2

qing 2,3,4

qiong 2

xi 1,2,3

jia 2,1,3,4

qie 1,2,3,4


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wa 1

gua 2,4

bo 2

juan 3,4

quan 1,2,4,3

guang 3,4

lun 2, 4

jue 2,1, 4

shui 2,3,4


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zoshangmorning

chfn eat

sge rn four persons

rng y rngexcuse me(onthe road)

zh nl where (do you)live?

zul walk, on foot

gin give (to you)

hnli very tied

xushng student

yzhb one pen

ych tooth

shubiowatch

yuyng to swim

Niruminbeef noodlesoup

bich donteat

lingg two

ynyu music

mngtin tomorrow


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migurose

dusho how muchhow many

lowiforigner

WhushuHny. I canspeak Chinese.

Shngwngsurf on internet

sunl sour and spicy

qchung get up

chntin spring

tngsh colleague

wji my home/my house

xhun to like

xizi shoes

qitinautumnfall

liyu June

Lxngto travel

nhi girl

yndngsport

qnzi skirt


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Topic 1:

Meet someone for the first time


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Saying a bit about yourself1

Greetings

whats your name, where are youfrom


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Warm up words:

n Pr you

ho adj. good; well; fine; O.K.

ma Pt a modal particle used for questions

hn adj. very

y adv. also; too

hojibjin long time no see

(1)Greetings


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1.nho.Hello!

2.Nhom?

How are you?3.Hojibjin.

Long time no see.

4.

Whnho.I am fine.5.Wyhnho.

I am fine,too.

Key sentences


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(2)Whats your name?

Warm up words:

n Pr youjio v to call, to be known as

shn me Q Pr what

mng zi N name


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nn Pr polite form, you

gu adj. honourable

xng v. ones surname is---

w Pr I, me

ne Pt a modal particle used forelliptical questions


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Key sentences

1. njio shn me mng zi?

?

Whats your name?2. wjio ------.

.

My name is -----.


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Key sentences

3. nn gu xng?

Whats your honorable surname?4. wxng------. ..

Mysurname is ------.

5. nne?

And you?


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Cultural tips

Chinese people put their surnames (family

names) before their given names. When giving

their names to others, Chinese people generally

give their full names: surnames, and then given

names.


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Dialogue 1:A famous Chinese Kungfu star

A:nho, njio shn me mng zi?

B: wjio Chng Lng. A: nn gu xng?

B:wxng Chng.


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Dialogue 2: When William met Kate

A:nho, njio shn me mng zi?

B:wjio kit.

nne?

A:wjio wilin.

nn gu xng?

B:wxng Middleton. Midlleton.


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Role-play

1. Greet to your classmates and ask for their

names and surnames.

2. Work in pairs and do Q&A based on the

following pictures.

t Pr he; him / she; her


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(3)Where are you from?

Warm up words:

n Pr you

sh V to be(am, is, are)

n Q Pr which

gu N Country

rn N Peoplenl Q Pr where


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Warm up words:

ynggu UKynggu rn British people

zhnggu Chinazhnggu rn Chinese peopleln dn London

ln dnrn London peoplenu dnghn Nottinghamnng b Ningbo


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Warm up words:

ma Pt a particle used at the end of

a question sentence expecting a yes-no answer

b Negative Adv not; no

du adv. both; all

men Suf used after personal pronouns orcertain nouns to denote plural


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Key sentences

1. Q:n sh ngu rn?Whats your nationality?

A:w sh ynggu rn.

Im British.

2. Q:n sh nlrn?

Where is your hometown?A: wsh ln dnrn.Im from London.


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Key sentences

3. Q: nsh ynggu rn ma?Are you British?

A: sh. / b sh./

Yes. / No.

4. Q:n sh b sh ynggu rn?

Are you British?A: sh. / b sh./

Yes. / No.


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Role-play

Q: nsh ngu rn?

A: wsh ynggu rn. UK

zhnggu China

h ln Holand

d gu Germanymli xy Malaysia


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migu o d l y d gu

jin d fgu ru sh


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Role-play

Q: nsh nlrn?A: wsh ln dnrn. London

nu dnghn Nottinghamniyu New York

m rbn Melbourne

nng b Ningboshng hi Shanghai


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Class Activity

Ask your classmates about their nationality and

hometown. You need to ask at least 3 different

people.


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Homework Make friends

Interview at least 3 Chinese people, you should:

1) Greetings

2) Introduce yourself and ask their

names/surnames

3) ask their nationalities.


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The introduction of Chinese characters


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hnzThe two characters above mean Chinese Characters. Chinese Characters arethe founding block/unit of Chinese language, because one or more Chinese

characters form words, phrases, and sentences, etc.


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The introduction of Chinese characters(1)

1. Six categories of Chinese

charactersliushu2. Basic structure&strokes of

Chinese characters


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Six categories of Chinese charactersliushu

1.Pictographsxinxn

2.Simple ideographszhsh

3.Compound ideographshuyThe minor majority of characters belong to above 3 categories.

The vast majority of characters belong to below 3 categories.

4.Loan characters

jiji

5.Phonetic compoundxnshn

6.Derivative characters(zhunzh)


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1.Pictographs

rl shn

mshum

tinrn hu

yu ku

2

1

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

312

6 9 11

810

5

4 7


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2.Simple ideographs

shng up

Characters consisting of simple diagrammatic indications of ideas.

y one

r two

xi down

gn sweet (used in ancient Chinese)


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3.Compound ideographs

Characters whose meaning is the combination of the meanings of their parts.

+ =(xi, )have a rest

+ =(yn, )pregnant


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4.Loan characters

li ,come

(homonymous)

shng, unripe; give birth to


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5.Phonetic compound

What if both the original word and the word for which the

character was borrowed exist side by side?

rn to burnthus,so

How to differentiate the two?

+

Phonetic compound

signific/radical(indicate the meaning)

Phonetic/sound


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More examples

qn Sunny + (qng)similar sound

tn Candy/suger + (tng)

same soundchn to sing + (chng)

similar sound

sh to try () + (sh)same sound

R di l


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Radicals

h t i


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chn to sing

cho to quarrel with

t to spit

ji to borrow

zh to livet the body

c word

shu to speak

rnsh to meet


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The membership of this class is both small and uncertain.

6.Derivative characters

lo old

ko old(ancient times)


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How the characters are formed

1 23

4 5 6

87 9

10 1112

13 1415

16 17

18

2019 21 22

24

252726

28

29

23

The basicstrokes


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Basic structure of Chinese characters


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linx exercises

Introduction Mandarin

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