Interpersonal Communication Skills Blood Donation 2

8/8/2019 Interpersonal Communication Skills Blood Donation 2

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At the end of this session, participants are expected to be able to:

` Define Communication, identify types of communication

` Define Interpersonal Communication

` Identify the basic skills and techniques of IPC

` Describe the processes of motivation, education and counseling

` Discuss the differences between motivation, education and

counselling.


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COMMUNICATION IS APROCESS PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS

PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS













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` It is making known ones ideas or feelings to anotherperson or group of people and receiving a feedback

a process.


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` Verbal

` Non verbal

` Intrapersonal

` Interpersonal

` Mass Communication

` Organisational communication


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`

Person-to-person two-way, verbal and non-verbalinteraction that involves the sharing of information and

feelings between individuals or in small groups that

establishes trusting relationship.


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` IPC is a skill we use everyday at work, with our

families, and with our friends.


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` We communicate, not only through words, butthrough tone of voice and through gesture, posture,facial expression, etc.

` IPC is influenced by the attitudes, feelings, values,social /cultural norms and the environment of thepeople involved.

` IPC complements, reinforces and elaborates

messages presented in the mass media .

` IPC is an influential means for the adoption of newhealth behaviour.


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` Interpersonal communication differs from other forms ofcommunication (e.g. Mass comm.) in that there are fewparticipants involved.

` The participants are in close physical proximity to each other.

` Provides opportunity for immediate feedback.

` Opportunity for immediate decision.

` It involves the use of many sensory channels and haspersonal touch.

` Effective in achieving behaviour change


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` Interaction is the foundation

Without a strong foundation and good

interaction, there is no transfer of knowledge


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Interpersonal communication applies in:

counseling, advocacy, support groups, communitymeetings, small group discussions, telephone hot line,home based care, client- provider discussion and peer

education.

Interpersonal communication has been found to be mosteffective for influencing behavioral outcomes. This is sobecause many people are greatly influenced by the

opinions and behaviors of people to whom they feelclose.


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` IPC includes the processes ofEducation,

Motivation and Counselling.


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` Provision of unbiased information and facts to

someone motivated to seek knowledge.

Education creates awareness/increases

knowledge May motivate receiver to adopt a change

in behaviour


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` Encouraging client to adopt new

behaviour by persuasively providinginformation on the benefits of the

behaviour and the skills needed to

practice the behaviour.


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` Provide information on the need for the behaviour (e.g. what

safe blood is and the need to donate blood

` Explain how to carry out the desired behaviour (e.g. how to

donate blood)

` Correct misinformation(e.g. blood donated can be used for

ritual purposes).

` Give information on where to obtain services(e.g. go to NBTS

office at..) to support the new behaviour


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Person-to-person interaction - between a

counsellor and the client during which the

counsellor provides accurate information to enable

the client to make an informed choice/decisionabout the course of action that is best for him/her.


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` Focused on self exploration by the client

` The goal is to enable the client to make a decision

based on his/her judgement: free andinformed choice.


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` Counseling can help individuals, their families, and inturn the communities in which they live to cope with theconsequences of blood donation

` Counseling also provides the support needed to bringabout and sustain changes in risk behavior

` Only a small percentage of Nigerians have had accessto reliable counseling services because of a shortage of

trained counselors


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` Client is able to weigh the benefits and risks ofavailable choices

` Client is able to define his/her needs and feelings

` Client is able to apply full and unbiased informationprovided by the counselor to his or her needs andcircumstances

` Client is empowered to make an informeddecision/choice .


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` I am talking to a group of women at the village well. Askthem about the health problems that they have. Then Itell them how to donate blood.

` I am listening to a woman explain that her husbandsfamily is opposed to blood donation discussing with herthe benefits and implications

` I am explaining the benefits of blood donation to acolleague who has made up his mind to donate.


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` Skills in using verbal and non verbal cues

` Persuasive skills

` Questioning skills

` Listening skills

` Skills in Paraphrasing and summarizing

` Empathy and counseling skills

` Skills in effective use of support materials

` Observation skills

` Use of simple, easy -to -understand language

` Speaking skills


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` Often we hear but we are not listening to the

clients


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` Passive listening: You are silent and allow the personto talk. Your interest and concern are expressed in a non

verbal form

` Active Listening: you make the sender understand thethoughts and feelings of his message by describing your

impressions of what has been said.


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` Be attentive

` Concentrate on the client

` Summarize, reflect

` Avoid interruption

` Give non verbal feedback(e.g. nod, smile,' )

` Ask for clarification

` Listen with all your senses, including your common sense

` Put aside you own opinion for the time being

` Dont be impatient. Dont jump ahead. Just listen


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` R

` O` L ?` E

` S


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` Relax

` Open up

` Lean forward

` Establish eye contact

` Smile when appropriate


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` Body language: be able to read and understand the clients non verbal cues

` Eye contact: maintain appropriate and comfortable eye contact with the client

` Distance: distance between the counselor and the client should be closeenough to indicate rapport and acceptance

` Quality of utterances: It is important for the counselor to take note of the qualityof the clients utterances in terms of the speed, the pitch, the quantity andwhether they are monotonous or varied

` Appearance: Counselor to also note the clients appearance

` Use encouragers

` Reflection of ideas


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` Clarify by asking something like, Did you say?

` Listen with non verbal expressions such as nodding

` Encourage by saying something like, go on , Im following

` Acknowledge by saying something like, Thats ok, I heardthat, I see

` Repeat what someone has said to you


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Types of Questions:

` Close ended

` Open ended

` Probing

` Leading


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What can we learn through questions?

` The general situation: what did you want to talk about?

` The facts: What happened?

` Feelings: How did you feel?

` Reasons: Why do you think that?

` Specifics: Could you give me an example


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` May come in the form of door openers.

` Here you are not actually asking direct questions.

You can use expressions which invite the person

to talk more, such as , I would like to hear more

about that.


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` Can develop more in the area of paraphrasing thecontent of what you have just heard to confirm

accuracy and understanding


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` K

` I.. ?` S.

` S.


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Interpersonal Communication Skills Blood Donation 2

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