1682 william harvey , British physician discovered blood circulation

1665 first recorded successful blood transfusion from a dog to save another!

1667 first successful blood transfusion from sheep to humans

1818 finally british obstetrician succeeded in human to human blood transfusion in apospartum he.

1901 Austrian Karl discovered the ABO system and that was on 14 june blood donor day

A. whole blood donation:

1. Most common method which is simply collecting blood from donor’s vein into a container

2. Typically from 450ml to 500ml

3. Commonly taking from 10 to 15 mnt

B. Apheresis:

1. method where blood is passed through an apparatus that separates out one particular constituent ands returns the remainder to donor.

2. Takes much longer time specially red blood cells

1. Whole blood: seldom used except in cases where there is rapid massive

blood loss. This includes trauma, accidents, and major surgeries . Can be stored for transfusion for up to 35 days. 2. Red cells: Used in all types of anemia Also in RBCs replacement in accidents, surgery , or

childbirth. Can be stored up to 42 days 3. platelets: Often give to patients whom their BM is unable to

produce enough platelets such as those having leukemia and also in major surgeries

Can be stored for only 5 days

4. plasma: Can also be used on its own in many different ways

according to the need: I. Fresh frozen plasma is an unconcentrated source of

clotting factors without platelet, Can be stored for up to a year.

II. Cryoprecipitate: is a conc. form of FFP and is used in severe bleeding.

III. Factor 8 concentrate: used in ttt of hemophilia IV. Immunoglobulins: protective antibodies NB: . bone marrow transplantation needs 120 units of

platelets and about 20 units of RBCs Burn victims would need about 20 units of platelets

1. Blood disorders including: leukemia , some inherited types of hemolytic anemia such as thalasemia, some acquired types of hemolytic anemia such as in infection as in malaria, or chemicals as in snake venoms and drugs

2. In traumas where there is severe cases of bleeding most important of which is the RTAs

3. Stem cell transplantation 4. Severe burns 5. Some cases of severe liver and renal diseases 6. Major surgeries such as open heart 7. Obstetric causes including both the mother and

the infant

1. Nice way to give without opening your wallet! 2. Knowing your blood type and hb level 3. Having a mini physical including: screening for hepatitis B and

C , AIDS, Syphilis 4. You one person can save at least three lives with your RBCs,

plasma and WBCs and whole blood and platelets

5. Renewing your bone marrow and stimulating it 6. Giving blood decreases the iro n levels in our bodies, as iron

has been shown to speed the oxidation of cholesterol , a process thought to increase the damage to arteries that ultimately leads to cvs disease

7. Interestingly , a study made in Finland and published in 1998 issue of American Journal of epidemiology showed that men who donated at least once yearly had a decreased risk of developing heart attacks 88% less than nondonors

Hypovolemic reaction because of rapid change in blood pressure

Bruising of arm from needle insertion

Apheresis : reactions to citrate; a substance that keeps blood from clotting as returning to donor along with blood components not collected , this reaction could be in the form of tingling or seizures so give prophylactic calcium supplements

Blood screening is a medical process in which blood is scanned to test for a particular condition or disease

This includes:screening for diseases , pregnancy, and blood typing.

If we talk generally and briefly about screening and its importance the following should be mentioned:

1. The main aim and benefit is early detection of a certain disease meaning that there will be a better outcome

2. The disease should be a common problem 3. If early intervention is carried a very good prognosis is

guaranteed as well as decreasing the mortality rate 4. The method used should be noninvasive or minimally

invasive , not costy and at long intervals

There are four groups:

1.

if u are group A that means that u have A as an antigen on your RBC and B antibody in your plasma

2. if u are B that means that u have B

antigen on your RBC and a antibody in your plasma

3. if u are AB that means that u have

A and B antigens on the RBC and no A or B antibodies in your plasma

4. if u are O that means that u don’t have antigens A or B on your RBC but u have their antibodies in your plasma

RH factor if present that means that the person is positive and has RH antibodies in their plasma and if a person is negative that means he does not have antibodies in his plasma.

In other words this means that a person who is RH positive can receive from an RH negative but not vice versa

1. Mix blood with three different antibodies : A , B, RH

2. Then you have a look on which agglutinated, the agglutination indicates that the blood has reacted with a certain antibody and therefore not compatible with that kind of antibody

3. On the other hand if it does not agglutinate that means that the blood does not have the antigens binding the special antibody in the reagent.

4. N.B: GLOVES++++

A substance that is used to mimic some functions of biological blood mainly in the oxygen carrying sense

They never substitute natural blood

They are in clinical trials in us and Europe

The main categories are hb based oxygen carriers, and perflourocarbon based oxygen carriers

From their benefits over the natural blood is the rapid treatment of patients of trauma, also as their shelf life is from 1 to 3 years not needing to be put in refrigerators.

A.Our aim : 1. To encourage people and spread awareness

concerning the need of blood donation not only to recipient but also to donor

2. To assure people that good infection control by using sterilized devices wont cause them infections which is one of the biggest concerns

3. To have a data base for any emergency and to spread the info that we have a blood bank in our uni

B.HOW? 1. Flying teams 2. Stations in the campaign itself

Hello with an encouraging smile

We are mmsa , medical students and having a blood donation campaign

Show them your flyer

As you know blood donation is a very important thing one should do to help other

Should guarantee that there is infection control: devices opened in front of you, usage of antiseptics, and plaster kept for few hours after the procedure

We do this here and we have a bank

It will benefit u as well: mini physical and doing something good for others

We have a bank here so its easy

If u cant no problem u can help by spreading the word or by just coming and seeing how easy it can be!

Thanx we are waiting for you!

Good morning with a nice smile

No talking about infection control

We are here to encourage people to donate blood , and give them useful info

Our aim to create a strong database

1. First station :registration and MMSA 2. Second station : benefits of blood donation to

person and society 3. Third station : ABO SYSTEM grouping + giving them

some idea about screening and its benefit: In nonmedical simple way what is it We do it to guarantee safe blood transfusion ABO system is part of it It could be done to periodically for early detection

of some diseases including cancer colon and breast cancer

4.fourth station : database

5. Fifth station: snack + giving them some advice:

Drink amount of fluids more than usual during 4 hours after blood donation procedure

Leave plaster for one hour Don’t smoke for half an hour Avoid strenuous effort during the next 24 hours Avoid standing in sunny areas for two hours after

the blood donation procedure. In general if u adopt a healthy life style including

healthy food and no smoking and some exercising this could make a better donor and helper of you to others