informe flujo

7/25/2019 informe flujo

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NTENID

I. INTRODUCCIN...........................................................................................2

II. RESUMEN.....................................................................................................3

1. OBJETIVOS..................................................................................................4

1.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL................................................................................4

1.2 OBJETIVO ESPECFICO............................................................................4

2. MARCO TERICO........................................................................................5

2.1 DEFINICIONES...........................................................................................5

2.1.1 SIFN...................................................................................................5

2.1.2 GASTO O CAUDAL (Q)......................................................................!

2.1.3 ECUACIN DE CONTINUIDAD.........................................................."

2.1.4 ECUACION DE ENERGIA ENTRE EL TANQUE DE DESCARGA# EL PUNTO M$S ALTO DEL CONDUCTO (T)...........................................%

2.1.5 ECUACION DE ENERGIA ENTRE EL TANQUE DE CARGA # DEDESCARGA................................................................................................1&

2.1.' EL EFECTO SIFN.........................................................................11

2.2 FUNDAMENTO TERICO........................................................................122.2.1 ECUACIN DE BERNOULLI...........................................................12

2.1.2 EPLICACIN USANDO LA ECUACIN DE BERNOULLI.............14

2.2.2 V*+,-/ 0-.............................................................................15

2.2.3 ALTURA M$IMA..............................................................................1'

2.2.4 SIFONES DE VACO.........................................................................1'

2.3 APLICACIN.............................................................................................1'

2.3.1 E -0/*/,-+0 -678*-,/0 --,-+0............................................1'2.3.2 E /9/6/+0 *,6++:;0-,+0..........................................................1!

2.3.3 C+:+ 0,/6


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'. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGR$FICAS...............................................................2!

ANEOS.............................................................................................................2"

I. INTRODUCCINE* 0- 0 8 8>+ +6:/ U -=6-/ * ?8 *8@ 8 *?8-+ 08>-+ 08 96-:6/ :-/ -:98*0/+ 9+6 8/ 86/ 6-+6 @ >//+ */ +6/ @8,-+/ 0-:96 ?8 * 98+ 6// 0; 9+6 ,-:/ * 0/*-/ 0,-6 - ?8 />6 8 ,-6+ 0-=* 6 *+0 98+0 --,-/* @ -/* ?896:-/ ,+:90/6 * 6+/:-+ 0 0 * 96-,-9-+ *+0 =/0+0,+:8-,/0. L/ 9/*/>6/ *-:+ ;6:-+ 0 +6-+0 09,-/*-/+0 08,,-. E* /-*-/ * 8>+.

2


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II. RESUMEN

E 0 */>+6/+6-+ 0 >80, 96-,-9/*: 6:-/6 */ /*86/ :7-:/ *0- ?8 96:-/ * *8+ *8-+0 /0 ,+:+ * ,/8/*. E0 0- 8

*/>+6/+ ,+ +0 6,-9-0 (>/*0 2& *-6+0) /0 ,+:+ 8/ 96+>/ @ 8=/0+ 25&:* @ * ,+8,+ 8 */ :/86>8+0 9+6 06 8,+8,+ *-; 0 ,/*,8* * ,/8/* 9/6/ * 0-0:/ *+ ,8/*8 &&&&


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1. OBJETIVOS

1.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL

D6:-/6 */ /*86/ :7-:/ @ * ,/8/* :-/ * ,8/* 0 980-+/6

1.2 OBJETIVO ESPECFICO

C+:9/6/6 *+0 608*/+0 */ 967,-,/ ,+ *+0 608*/+0 ,/*,8*/+0 */ ,8/,- B6+8**-.

D6:-/6 * -:9+ 0-++.

D6:-/6 * ,/8/* /0 ?8 +,866/ * >86>8+ */ 0/*-/ * *8-+.

4

--


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2. MARCO TERICO

2.1 DEFINICIONES

2.1.1 SIFNM8,+0 /8+60 (N6/0+= T68>/ R80** R+80) ?8 0 / -,/+ /*

08-+ 0-+0 / --+ * ;6:-+ 0- 96+ */0 :8,/0 9+:+0

60,//6 */ 0-


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U/ /9*-,/,- -:9+6/ *+0 0-+0 ?8 0 / =-0+ / *+ */6-; 0-:9*: 0- 9+6 */:/@+6/ *+0 /8+60 @ ?8 0 /?8**/ ,+8, * /6 * +>07,8*+ @

08 8,-+/:-+ 0 > / */ 960- /:+0;6-,/ ?8 /,/ */ 0896-,-* //6 ,+:+ @/0 09,--, */0 /66->/ +,0 */ -6,-/ 960- */ 6//(960- /:+0;6-,/) @ * -6-+6 * ,+8,+ (960- ,6+ + 96-:/ /,6+) /, ?8 * /


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VQ

t=

(2.1)

D+

V V+*8:

t T-:9+

R/*-/+ 8 /7*-0-0 -:0-+/* 0 **- +6/ 6*/,- -:9+6/ * ,/8/* ,+ */=*+,-/ * *8-+

[ ] [ ] [ ]3

2L LQ L V A Q V AT T

= = = =

Q V A=

(2.3)E */ 967,-,/ ,8/*?8-6/ */0 +0 ,8/,-+0 0 =7*-/ 9/6/ /**/6 * ,/8/*(Q).

2.1.3 ECUACIN DE CONTINUIDADC8/+ 0 6/*-/ * >/*/, :/0/ 8 =+*8: ,+6+* 9/6/ * *8+ *8-+0 0 +>- */ ,8/,- ,+-8-/. L/ ,8/,- ,+-8-/ +0-, ?8 P/6/ 8 *8+ 96:/ */ :/0/ *8-+ ?8 /6/=-0/ ,8/*?8-60,,- 6/0=60/* 969-,8*/6 / */ 0,,- 6,/ */ 8>6/ 8 ,+8,+

9+6 8-/ -:9+ 0 ,+0/ (S+*+ A9-*/ 1%52). L/ 9*-,/,- *96-,-9-+ ,+-8-/ *+ 6/*-/:+0 / ,+-8/,-

.

!


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$iura !. !% 'ubos de diseos diferentes para el flu)o de un lquido

C+0-6/:+0 8 *8+ / 6/=;0 8 8>+ + ,+8,+ ,-6,8*/6 -+. P/6/ 8 =/*+6 */

0-/1

@ 8/ =*+,-/ +6:/*1v

* ,/8/* :/0/ 9+6 8-/ -:9+

?8 /6/=-0/ */ 0,,- 01 1 1v dA

@/ ?81 1v dA

0 * =+*8: 9+6 8-/ -:9+. A7*++ *

,/8/* :/0/ / 6/=;0 * 8>+ ,+66- 0 ,+0/.

P+6 /+

1 1 1 2 2 2v d vA dA = (2.4)

D+

1, 2

D0-/ * *?8-+ */ 6// @ 0/*-/ * 0-

1, 2:v v

V*+,-/ :-/ */ 6// @ 0/*-/ * 0-

1, 2:A A

A6/ 6// @ 0/*-/.

2.1.4 ECUACION DE ENERGIA ENTRE EL TANQUE DE DESCARGAY EL PUNTO MS ALTO DEL CONDUCTO (T).

"


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E * 08-+ * 0- 9/6/ * ,+8,+ 9+6 ,-:/ */ 07-,/ */ 960-

/:+0;6-,/ 0 * 96-,-9/* /,+6 ?8 ,+6->8@ /* /0,0+ * *8-+ /* ,+:+

0 =67 */0 0-0+*8/0.

2 2

( )

2

( )

2

2

2 2

2 2 2

2

2 2

2

2

2

2 2

2 2 2

2

2

(1 )

friccin

locales

a a b ba b f a b

bf a b

b

f

f loc

a b loc

bloc

b

loc

P v P vz z h

g g

vH h

g

v v

Lvh f

Dg

vh K

g

Lv vh f K

Dg g

v Lv vH f K

g Dg g

v

g

Hgv

Lf K

D

+ + = + + +

= +

=

=

=

= +

= + +

=

+ +

(2.5)

1AtmP

P60- /:+0;6-,/ * 98+ 1 (98+ 0,/60+*8/ * 98+ T

1v

V*+,-/ * *8-+ * 98+ 1

2v

V*+,-/ * *8-+ * 98+ T

1z

C+/ * P8+ 0,/6


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g G6/=/

A 9/6-6 */ ,8/,- (5) 09/+ */ 960- /:+0;6-,/ @ /,-+

096,-/>* */ ,/>/ =*+,-/ * /?8 ,/6


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*/ 6


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D+

2 0P

g=

L8


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$iura % +n sifn que descara aua por encima de una presa.

PRIMERA CONDICIN:

A9*-,/+ */ ,8/,- B6+8**- 6 * 98+ E /* 98+ B.2

0 02

a a!

P P vH h

g = + = + + +

(2.15)

DONDE

!h

6960/ */0 9;6-/0 ,/6 06 9+0--=/ */>+,/ 0/*-/ > 0-8/60 >/+ * 9*/+ ,/6/+ ,8/+0 :/@+60 0/ */0 9;6-/0 ,/6


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"h

R960/ */0 9;6-/0 ,/6


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=/*+60 ?8 =+*=-6/ *.

S


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* 0- +;P P!=

!v v=@

!# h=.

ECUACIN 3

A9*-?8 */ ,8/,- B6+8**- /* 98+"

+ * 0- =/,/ +cv v=

@"# h=

. A:70 */ 960- * 98+ 0/*-/ 0 / 960- /:+0;6-,/

0P P=.

2.2.2 !"#$%&'' '" &*+,:L/ =*+,-/ * 0- 07 9+6 *+ /+ -:98*0/+ -,/: 9+6 */ -6,-/ /*86/ 6 */ 0896-,- * 90-+ 0896-+6 @ * 98+ 6/. L/

/*86/ * 98+ -6:-+ /*+H!

+ /,/ / */ =*+,-/ * 0-. S-

:>/6


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?8 0 > 80/6 */ -6,-/ /*86/ 6 *+0 90-+0.

2.2.3 ALTURA MIMA:E0/ 0 */ /*86/ :7-:/ ?8 8 0- 8,-+/. E0 0-:9*: ,8/+ *90+ */ ,+*8:/ *?8-+ /0/ * 98+ -6:-+ /*+ ?8-=/* / */

960- /:+0;6-,/. S80-8@+ =/*+60 /67 /96+-://: 1& :6+0 /


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2.3.3 C$$ '"%07'$0 '" "70&'' ", %,#"A96+=,/+ */0 ,/6/,60-,/0 -678*-,/0

*+0 0-+0 0+0 0+ :70 -,-0 ?8 *+0 =66+0 *->60 9/6/

0,/6


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3. ARTE EERIMENTAL

3.1 MATERIALES

!2 B"%$- $ "'$$ !1 *"0$" $ 0#$%

&$" :"%&

3.2 PROCEDIMIENTO

1. E0-6/6 */0 :/


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4. C;LCULOS < RESULTADOS

D"&- $,:$*$0"%$-

L+- T15C

C+%'%&-

P1=P3=Patm=520mmHg=7069.4Kgf/m2=69350.814 Pa

H2O a 15=999.19 Kg/m3

m$% atmP gh P= =

atmm$%

Ph

g=

999.19

69

9

35

.8

0.81

7.1023

4m$%

m$%

h

h m

=

=

2&


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R/*-/+ * B/*/, M/6-/

( ). . 0A vc s cvv n d d + =

C+:+ * *8+ 0 ,+-8+ +,0 */ /,8:8*/,- 0 ,6+

0vd =

Q8/+

( ) ( ) ( )1 21 2 1 2 221 1 1 2 2 2

1 1 1 2 2 2

. . . 0

0

A A Acs cs

v n d v n d v n d

v A v A

v A v A

= + =

+ =

=

1 1 1 2 2 2 ( )v A v A m masa del fluido = = (4.1)

R/*-/+ * B/*/, E6-+ ,/*+6

0Q

t

=

N+ -0 6/>/+

0s&

t

=

T6/>/+ =-0,+0+ 096,-/>*

0&

t

=

Q8/+

21


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( )

( ) ( ) ( )1 1

1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

0 .

. . .

Acs

A A Acs cs cs

Pe v n d

P PPe v n d e v n d e v n d

= +

+ = + + +

r r

r r ur ur ur ur

1 21 1 1 1 2 2 2 2

1 2

0P P

e v A e v A

+ + + =

(4.2)

# ,+:+

2

2P v Pe g#

+ = + + +

(4.3)

2 1 1h = (4.4)

R:9*//+ (4.1) (4.3) @ (4.4) (2) 0 +>-

2 2

1 1 2 21 2

1 22 2 l

v P v P g# g# h + + = + + +

(4.5)

K/**/+ 9;6-/0 >-+ / */ 6-,,- ( hl )

ECUACIN DE DARC


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v= 3.76 x10

6

4x (0.005)2

m/s

v=0.1915m/s

K/**/+ :6+ R@+*0

(viscosidada15C)=0.001139Kg/ms

!"

!"

0.005 0.1915!"

0.001139

999.19

Dv

Dv

%

=

=

=

!" 839.946=

K/**/+ * /,+6 6-,,- 9/6/ *8+ */:-/6

3

64

!"

7.6195 10

f

f

=

=

R:9*//+ *+0 =/*+60 */ 9;6-/ 9+6 6-,,- 0

2

2l Lvh f

Dg=

(4.6)

f C+-,- 6-,,- (/-:)

L L+6/ 6 *+0 98+0 (1) @ (2) (:)

D D-7:6+ * ,+8,+ (:)

g A,*6/,- ,// *->6 (%."1 :02)

23


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R:9*//+ */0 ,+-,-+0 (') +>:+0

hl=f L v

2

2Dg=7.6195103x

7.10x 0.19152

2x0.005x9.81=0.203m

1

2 3

0 /v m s

v v

==

2 0P (,8/+ 0 +>06=/ :+0

2

1 2ma# l

P vH h

=

(4.7)

D+

D0-/ * /6 * 9*/+ 2 (:)2

2

2

v

g C/66/ *+0

9*/+0 1 @ 1 (:)

R:9*//+ */0 ,+-,-+0 (4.!)

ma# 6.69295H m=

24


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C/*,8*/+ * W 66+6

"#$

% 10

6.53 6.783% 100% 5.73%

6.783

0%

erro

erimental terico

erro

r

r teric

%

o

= =

=

25


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5. DISCUSIN DE RESULTADOS

2'


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6. CONCLUSIONES

2!


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6. REERENCIAS BIBLIO=R;ICAS

G->0+ A*/:-6+ K. (1%!3). -idraulica y plicaciones.NX #+6 V/ N+06/C+.

G-*0 R. V. (2&&3). /ecnica de los fluidos e 0idra1lica.M;-,+ M, G6/XK-**I6/:6-,//. O>-+ 90.0*-0/6.6/0/6/96:,-,/*+0*8-+0-68*-,/6,6/-,-6//*==

,


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ANEOS

2%


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