ICN Deicing Operations Analysis
Transcript of ICN Deicing Operations Analysis
ICN Deicing Operations Analysis
Zhifan Zhu(SGT for NASA Ames)
Yeonju Eun(Korea Aerospace Research Institute)
3rd Joint Workshop for KAIA/KARI-NASA ATM Research CollaborationNASA Ames Research Center
October 24-26, 2016
Motivations
• Understand and characterize deicing operations and impacts in Incheon International Airport
• Develop a deicing modeling capability (in SOSS fast time simulation environment)
Outline
• ICN deicing operations concept• Deicing operation data analysis• Summary and next steps
Definitions
• Deicing -- A procedure to remove frost, ice, slush, or snow from aircraft
• Anti-icing -- A procedure to provide protection against the formation of frost or ice and accumulation of snow or slush on aircraft surface
References: FAA (AC120-60B), Association of European Airlines (Recommendations for De-Icing/Anti-Icing of Aircraft on the Ground, 23rd Edition)
Deicing Zones & Pads
33L
33R
34
16
15R15L
Cargo 2
Cargo 1
Terminal
Concourse
Deicing Zones & Pads
33L
33R
34
16
15R15L
Cargo 2
Cargo 1
Terminal
Concourse
Deicing Zones & Pads
33L
33R
34
16
15R15L
North Zones
M
A
D
D
AA
M
South Zones
Cargo 2
Cargo 1
Terminal
Concourse
Deicing Zones & Pads
33L
33R
34
16
15R15L
North Zones
M
A
D
D
AA
M
South Zones
Cargo 2
Cargo 1
Terminal
Concourse
Deicing Zones & Pads
33L
33R
34
16
15R15L
North Zones
M
A
D
D
AA
M
South Zones
Number of Pads:
A South: 5A North: 5M South: 4M North: 3D South: 2D North: 2
Cargo 2
Cargo 1
Terminal
Concourse
Deicing Operators
1. Korean Airport Service (KAS)M
A
D
D
AA
M
2. Asiana Airport (AA)
3. Sharp Aviation Korea4. Swissport Korea5. Bang-bo
Stakeholders
Stakeholder Responsibilities & ConcernsIIAC (airport) Prepare deicing zones and pads, acknowledge Ice
Phase by ATIS
Flight operator Inspect aircraft at gate for advise deicing operation to pilot
Deicing position (Incheon De-icing) Assign deicing zone, control aircraft taxi in and out of deicing facility
Ramp control (Incheon Ramp) Issue push back clearance
Pilot Call Deicing Position with deicing request, taxi to deicing facility
Airline Manage boarding, inform passengers of delay
Deicing operator (ground handler) Provide deicing services (remove frost, ice or snow and apply anti-icing fluid)
Incheon Delivery (ATC) Departure clearance after deicing
Ground and local control Departure clearance and taxiway and runway crossing control
Preparation & Decision Makings
• Prepare for deicing requests & operations• Decide deicing need• Assign deicing facility
Preparation & Decision Makings
• Prepare for deicing requests & operations– Check deicing facility condition and readiness– Check deicing operators readiness and capacity– Prepare to add Deicing Position at ramp control– Prepare deicing delay information sharing
• Decide deicing need• Assign deicing facility
Preparation & Decision Makings
• Prepare for deicing requests & operations• Decide deicing need– Inspect aircraft for deicing request– Notify pilot of the request
• Assign deicing facility
Preparation & Decision Makings
• Prepare for deicing requests & operations• Decide deicing need• Assign deicing facility– Service contract between airline and service
operator– Deicing facility load– Taxi distance to deicing zone and to departure
runway
Operation Concept
Pilot
Flight Operator
Incheon De-icing
Inspect for deicing
Incheon Delivery
Receive deicing request
Prepare push back
Notify DP of deicing
Assign deicing zone
Call for push back
Taxi to deicing zone
Deicing Operator
Incheon Ramp
Clear push back
Operation Concept, Cont’d
Pilot
Flight Operator
Incheon De-icing
Incheon Delivery
Call to enter deicing zone
Clear to enter deicing zone
Call for ATC departure clearance
Deicing Operator
Deice
ATC departure clearance
Call to exit deicing zone
Clear to exitdeicing zone
Taxi to next TCP for departure
Incheon Ramp
Deicing Data Analysis
• Data source– Reports– Tracks
• Metrics– Deicing days– Zone distribution– Queue length– Deicing stage times
Data Source
• Three-month surface operation data from Dec 2015 to Feb 2016
• Total 40,792 departures and 40,833 arrivals– 65,841/15,784 North/South Flow departures – Average daily flights ~450 (departure or arrival)
• Each flight record consists of– Reported data from FIMS (Flight Information
Management System)– Track positions from ASDE-X
Monthly Deicing Days
Dec 2015 Jan 2016 Feb 20160
5
10
15
20
25
Day
s
Deicing Days
2122
20
35
3
Minimum 25 deicing operations
Top Ten Daily Deicing Operations
12/3/15 1/26/16 1/14/16 2/28/16 1/13/16 2/16/16 1/15/16 2/15/16 1/23/16 12/22/150
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Coun
ts
Deicing OpsTotal Departures
Top Ten Deicing Days
190/433 (40%)
31/429
Airport Departure Throughputs
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24Hours
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450Fl
ight
Cou
ntAccumulative Departure Count
Dec 3, 2015 Top Deicing DayDec 10, 2015 No Deicing
Comparison of departurethroughput rate shows reduced departure rate between 0900 to 1800
Taxi Out Times Taxi Out Times Comparison
0 20 40 60 80 100Minutes
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12Pr
obab
ility
Dec 10, 2015, No DeicingDec 3, 2015, Deicing
Long taxi out times of deicing flights impact throughput
Top Ten Deicing DaysTop Ten Daily Deicing Operations
12/3/15 1/26/16 1/14/16 2/28/16 1/13/16 2/16/16 1/15/16 2/15/16 1/23/16 12/22/15Date
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Cou
nts
A NorthA SouthD NorthD SouthM NorthM South
A North, A South, M South areHeavily used in heavy deicing days
Zone Usages
A South 38%
M South 28%
A North 22%
M North 5%
D South 6%D North < 1%
Korean Airport Service
Asiana Airport
38%
28%
22%
5%6%
A South A North
M South
M NorthD SouthD North < 1%
Departure Taxi Tracks
Cargo flightscross runways
South flow departures
Map data: Google, SK telecom
Zone Use – Ramp Area DistributionDeicing Zone - Ramp Area Distributions
A South M South D South A North M NorthZones
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Deici
ng O
ps
TerminalConcourseCargo 1Cargo 2
Zone – Flow Distribution
Zones - Flows Distributions
South Zones - North Flow 56%
North Zones - South Flow 14%
South Zones - South Flow 18%
North Zones - North Flow 12%
30% deicing andtakeoff lineup at opposite runway
56%
14%
18%
12%
Favorable Configuration
Unfavorable Configuration
Deicing Stage Times
A_North A_South M_North M_South0
20
40
60
80
100
120Minutes
Deicing Stage Times
DeicingPadZoneTaxi
Push backEnter zone
At pad Leave padExit zone
At runway
Time line
deicing
Pad time
Deicing time
Zone time
Taxi out time
Deicing Stage Times
A_North A_South M_North M_South0
20
40
60
80
100
120Minutes
Deicing Stage Times
DeicingPadZoneTaxi
Deicing Stage Times
A_North A_South M_North M_South0
20
40
60
80
100
120Minutes
Deicing Stage Times
DeicingPadZoneTaxi
North zones taxi out longer by ~10 min
A_North A_South M_North M_South
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Count
Zone Queue Size
Zone Queue Size
Definition: number of aircraft taxiing to or staying inside a deicing zone when an aircraft starts to taxi to the zone
A_North A_South M_North M_South
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Count
Zone Queue Size
Zone Queue Size
Zone Queue
Zone Queue Size Histogram
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18Count
0
50
100
150
Frequency
Heavy deicing condition, orunfavorable zone-flow config
Light deicing condition, orfavorable zone-flow config
Taxi Out Times (Zone to Runway)
A_North A_South M_North M_South0
10
20
30
40
50
60Minutes
Taxi Out Times From Zone to Runway
After deicing, aircraft must take offwithin the holdover time
Summary
• Deicing service at dedicated deicing facilities under the ramp control
• ~20 monthly deicing days in 2016-2016 winter months• Deicing requests up to 40% departure flights at a single day• Two thirds of deicing at A South and M South• Deicing impacts
– Extra controller workload– Longer taxi time à departure delays
• Decision making constraints– Service contracts between airlines and operators– Equipment setups
Next Steps
• Finalize analysis– SME verification– Constraints and impact analysis– Weather data correlation– Compare CLT deicing operation
• Develop model concept– Benefit analysis– Model concept development and validation
CLT Deicing Facilities
South Cargo RampTotal 6 pads
Rwy 5/23, three zonesWest, Center and EastTotal 8 pads
Single Service Provider:Integrated Deicing Service (IDS)
CLT Deicing
• Single deicing service provider• Runway 5/23 used as deicing pads• Three deicing ‘zones’ – West, Center and East on
Rwy 5/23, total 5 pads in series configuration• Ramp assigns (in coordination with IDS) first 5
deicing flights to Rwy 5/23• When all Rwy 5/23 pads in use, FAA assigns pads
for flight at spot• Aerobahn is used in deicing operation