ICC profiles: are we better off without them?
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Transcript of ICC profiles: are we better off without them?
ICC profiles: are we better off without them?
Giordano B. Beretta,Gary J. Dispoto, Eric Hoarau, I-Jong Lin, Jun Zeng
Printing & Content Delivery LabHewlett-Packard Laboratories
Palo Alto, California
Color Imaging XVI:Displaying, Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications
San Francisco Airport, 24 – 27 January 2011
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 1 / 14
ICC profiles
PhotoCDscanner
digitalcamera
graphic artsscanner
businessTIJ printer
digitalproof printer
platemaker ordirect press
graphic artsTIJ printer
workstationand archive
display andsoftcopy
spectro-photometer
raster imageprocessor
repository(database)
profile
ICC
profile
ICC
profile
ICC
profile
ICC
profile
ICC
profile
ICC
profile
ICC
ICC profile
ICC profile
profile maker
color rendering dictionaryICC profile
YCC
AdobeRGB
RGB
sRGB
RGB
CMYK
CMYK
CIELAB
RGB
anyCIELAB+sRGB
negative
positive
Internet
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 2 / 14
Problems with ICC profiles
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ICC maker
proof vs. press
color transform proofer drift
press drift
inter-instrument
intra-instrument
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 3 / 14
Classical workflow
purchasing
fulfillment pre-presspress
layout
sales rep
art directorclient
contract
copy editorphotographerillustrator
contract proof
bindery
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 4 / 14
Contemporary workflow
print service providerstudent
office worker
consumerservice license
agreement
Web authoring service
print service provider
print service providerprint
service aggregator
Paradigm shift enabled by digital printingCombination with e-commerce and services (cloud computing);run length can be as low as 1Artwork creators are no longer highly skilled
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 5 / 14
Conventional vs. PSP
metric conventional PSP
creator designer laymen + web servicecustomer direct indirect contactrun length > 500 > 1scheduling simple complexmotivation business vanity, hobbymarketing CRM social networkexpectations realistic highchallenge cost manage expectations
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 6 / 14
ICC nightmare
Jonathan Phillip et al: Comparing image quality of print-on-demandbooks and photobooks from web-based vendors, Journal of ElectronicImaging 19, 011013 (January 2010):
1 ICC profiles are still a nightmare. Although with Version 4 profilesthe technology has reached full maturity, there still is no reliableworkflow for using ICC profiles and ICC profiles are usedincorrectly
2 The color gamut volume is not a statistically significant correlate ofbook quality
3 Color accuracy is not a statistically significant correlate of bookquality
4 Especially for photobooks, there is a lot of variability
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 7 / 14
Production Framework
Convert customer orders to production jobs
Production services:workflow executionjob servicesprocessor servicessystem resourcessecurity services
Production processes:planningpreflightimpositionbatch / gangDFE / RIPload balancefinishing. . .
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 8 / 14
Production Framework
Convert customer orders to production jobs
Production services:workflow executionjob servicesprocessor servicessystem resourcessecurity servicesICC profile services
Production processes:planningpreflightprofile intelligenceimpositionbatch / gangDFE / RIPload balancefinishing. . .
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 9 / 14
Profile intelligence
Active intervention of workflow algorithms into color management
Analyze the profile header informationAnalyze the profile dataAnalyze the image data
Replace inappropriate profilesReplace poor profiles
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 10 / 14
Analyze the profile header information
Which is the preferred CMM?Which is the specification version?What is the quality flag?What is the rendering intent?What is the creator’s reputation?
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 11 / 14
Analyze the profile data
Does it have the device data?What is the number of sets?. . .
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 12 / 14
Analyze the image data
Analyze EXIF data if availableAnalyze memory colorsAnalyze color gamutAnalyze histogram (where curves edited?). . .
Is it all consistent with the ICC profile?
Profiling by correlation:would a different profile yield a more likely image?
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 13 / 14
Proposed solution
Many self-publishers care about their printed colorsICC profile specification has no provisions for workflow: untenablein today’s PSP ecosystemMore active intervention of workflow algorithms into colormanagementICC profile appropriateness & quality must be assessedICC profile must be consistent with image contentModel: color by correlation
Beretta et al. (HP Labs) The Dark Side of Color EI 2011 paper 7866-26 14 / 14