AERIAL IMAGERYSERVICE OVERVIEW

PRECISE INFORMATION ADVANCING PRECISION AGRICULTURE

Current Market Sectors

• Agriculture: Information for crop analysis

• Defense: IED detection/counter narcotics

Near-Term Additional Markets

• Geology

• Natural recourses

• Environmental assessment

• Forestry

• Aquaculture/mariculture

Current Market Sectors

• Agriculture: Information for crop analysis

• Defense: IED detection/counter narcotics

Near-Term Additional Markets

• Geology

• Natural recourses

• Environmental assessment

• Forestry

• Aquaculture/mariculture

2

ARC’S TECHNOLOGY• Visible / near infrared

& thermal• 151 spectral bands• Uses full spectrum of

information

Why Hyperspectral

4

Imagery Today - Multispectral

5

10.45to

0.52

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.40

0.47

0.53

0.59

0.64

0.71

0.78

0.99

1.15

1.30

1.45

1.62

1.87

2.17

longitud de onda (micrones)

refle

ctan

cia

Visible Reflected infrared

Near infrared Short waveinfrared

Leafpigments

Leaf cellstructure

Watercontent

Region ofSpectrum

Wavelength (microns)

Refle

ctan

ce

20.52To

0.60

30.63To

0.69

40.79To

0.90

51.55to

1.75

72.08To

2.35

• Current analysis based on only 4 bands• Data is normalized• Variability Limited• Ratio of 2 bands to create NDVI• Relative Index

Band 3 Band 1 Band 2 Band 4

Collection to Analysis

Hyperspectral Imagery “The Next Generation”

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In real life, plants are much more complicated,and every soil difference or farming decision

shows up in the spectral details

100s of bands in hyperspectral images show more detailby splitting the spectrum into smaller pieces than multispectral

Every color in the AgVu imageshows real information:• Crop Health• Effect of Nitrogen/ Sulfur• Invasive Species• From 151 Spectral Bands

The Next Generation is Now

Collection to Analysis

We pick this up

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4 bands: What do you see?4 bands: What do you see?MORE INFORMATION, BETTER DECISIONSMORE INFORMATION, BETTER DECISIONS

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7 bands: What do you see?7 bands: What do you see?MORE INFORMATION, BETTER DECISIONSMORE INFORMATION, BETTER DECISIONS

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151 bands: What do you see?151 bands: What do you see?MORE INFORMATION, BETTER DECISIONS

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How the Techniques CompareMultispectral

NDVI RGB

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The most subtle distinctions arepicked out over the entirevegetative region—allowing imagesto show farmers crop health andstress earlier than ever before

How the Techniques CompareHyperspectral Imaging—How to See It Early

More Information, Better Decisions

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ARC’s hyperspectral sensor removes this limitationDecisions are limited by the amount of information available

True Color NDVI AgVu

50X as much information meanssubtle issues are evident earlier

More Information, Better Decisions

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SoybeansSoybeans

What Hybrid is Planted?

Crop Varieties Crop Growth Inhibitors

Waterway - grass

Farmstead

Terraces

Grass Waterway

Farmstead

Line

Old

fe

nce

lin

eOl

d

fenc

e

line

Corn - 2 HybridsAlternate 16 rows

Corn - different hybrid

Beans

RR

STS

Conventional

CornSoybeans

DifferentVarietiesDifferentVarieties

Var IVar IVar IIVar IIVar IIIVar IIIVar IVVar IV

Var 3Var 3

Var 2Var 2 Var 3Var 3

Var 4Var 4

Corn - different hybrid

CRP - (10 year reserve)grass with areas mowed (dark)for thistle control

30 in row soybeans

Corn

Roundup Ready

STS

Conventional

Var 2Var 2

Var 1Var 1

Var 1Var 1

Var 2Var 2

Var 4Var 4

Efficient Monitoring

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June 25 July 10 Aug 14 Sep 11 Sep 25

AgVu identifies weed pressure early in the season, saving the grower lost crop andlost yield by allowing them to treat the problem early.

Provides information for improving yields, reducing costs, and increasing sales

Operations

15

How We Schedule

“Charter” flights• Customer monitors for growth stages• Increased infrastructure• Loss of efficiency• Scheduling harder for customers

“Commercial” flights• Automatic monitoring of growth stages• Less infrastructure• High efficiency• Scheduling easy for customers

0

100

Cumulative Temperature/GDDs

Tass

elin

g

Har

vest

Cro

p G

row

th S

tatu

s (%

)

Bare soil

V5-V10FertilityRequirements

Pre-senescenceYield predictions

Example Timing of Imagery Capture

Emer

genc

e

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OrderSubmission

OrderValidation

MissionPlanning

FlightScheduling

Flight PlanDelivery

1 2 3 4 5

Customer providedshp files

Online interface Chose acquisition

window Imagery

specifications

Validate shp files Validate all customer

information

Operations plans Determine Regions

of Interest (ROI)

CompileOperations/flightplans

Provide flight plansand timing of flights

Ensure pilotavailability

Raw ImagesCaptured

ImageDelivery

QA/QCImage

ProcessingCustomer

Access

69 8 710

Via web interface Export/Import to

precision ag software

True Color Analysis map (AgVu) Push to web interface

Check forinconsistencies

Shadows Reprocess

ARC process viaproprietary algorithm

Mosaic andorthorectification

Clipped to boundary

Data sent fromfield site to ARCserver

24 hours 24 hours

7 Day Flight Range

48 Hours12 hours

Back Office Work Flow

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Order Entry to Delivery