Safety PreplanningWhere Do I Start?

AGC SMTC

Project Planning

Plan“A detailed scheme, program, or method worked out beforehand for the accomplishment of and objective”. (Webster’s II Riverside Dictionary)

Project PlanningThe process of defining and putting in place beforehand the necessary systems and resources to allow the successful accomplishment of the objective within a time limit and cost budget

As such, project planning is the process of defining: What, When, Who, How, How Much, and the Risks Involved

Why Have a Plan?

• Designed to Protect– Personnel

• Your employees• Subcontractors

– Environment– Public– Operation and Equipment

• Public/Private Requirements• Government Regulations

“World Class” Safety Programs

• Planning • Training • Inspection• Oversight• Lessons learned• Re-evaluate

Hazard Analysis

• Visit project location• Review scope and schedule • Any obvious and/or potential hazards• Customer/owner special attention issues

Hazard Analysis

• General Health & Safety• PPE Requirements• Emergency Procedures• Hazard Materials used

on site• Elevated work• Electrical

• Material Handling/Crane & Rigging

• Tools and Equipment• Road Closures &

Utilities • Environmental Issues

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

JHA

General Condition Questions

• Are there chemical or physical hazards associated with the work?

• Is the lighting adequate?

• Are machines or tools in need of repair?

• Is there excessive noise in the work area?

• Do employees need PPE such as safety glasses?

• Are there any slip, trip or fall hazards?

Job Hazard Analysis

JHA is a way of studying a job to develop the safest, most efficient way to accomplish a task.

The JHA is used to:• Break a job into basic steps.• Identify existing and potential hazards. • Develop a plan to eliminate or control hazards.

Specific Job Hazard Questions

• Are there particles that could get into the eyes?

• Can the worker’s clothing be caught in a machine?

• Are there pinch points or moving parts on machines?

• Are there sharp edges that could cause cuts?

• Does the worker have to be off balance to do any of the work?

• Can the worker fall from one level to another?

• Can the worker be struck by a machine or object?

Job Hazard Analysis Matrix

Sequence of Job Steps

Potential Hazards Corrective Action

Using the Completed JHA

• Train employees

• Post either at the work stations or in employee handbooks

• Use for accident investigation

• Create checklists of the safety procedure

• Decide equipment purchases

• Design equipment layouts

• Rework existing work practices

Why Perform Job Hazard Analysis?

• Identify existing hazards

• Identify potential hazards

• Prioritize corrective actions

• Reduce and/or eliminate hazards

Area Hazard Checklists

• Evaluate– Equipment– Procedures– Personnel

Who Is Involved in a JHA?

• Safety personnel• Superintendent• Foreman• Involved employees• Other trades

Steps in Performing a JHA

• Step 1 – Break down the job/task• Step 2 – Identify the hazards• Step 3 – Evaluate the hazards• Step 4 – Recommend safe procedures

and protection measures• Step 5 – Revise the Job Hazard Analysis

Breaking Down the Job

• List each job/task step in order of occurrence• Describe each action• Examine each step for hazards• Conduct a “what if” scenario for each step

Hazards to Focus On

• Impact• Penetration• Harmful airborne

contaminants• Repetitive motions• Heat• Compression• Chemical exposures• Optical radiation

Identifying Hazards

• Fall hazards• “Struck by” hazards • Electrical hazards• Potential for being

caught in between

• Sharp edges • Worker posture/balance• Hazardous movements• Suspended loads• Environmental hazards

Evaluating Hazards

• What PPE is available?• Has worker been trained?• Is the worker positioned properly?• What is the flow of work?• What are the sources of chemicals,

noise, etc.• Are slips, trips, and falls a possibility?

When a JHA Is Revised

• When an accident or injury occurs• When the job changes• After a near miss• Following an employee complaint• If equipment suffers damage• Per a scheduled review (e.g., biannually)

“World Class” Safety Programs

• Planning • Training • Inspection• Oversight• Lessons learned• Re-evaluate