Get out ISN we are taking notes. Topic No.

23 Genetics

• Content Obj. You will demonstrate comprehension of Genetics by watching a brainpop video and correctly answering the questions that follow.

• Language Obj. You will describe and explain how traits are passed using words homozygous, heterozygous, DNA and gene.

GENETICS

The Study of Heredityhttp://www.brainpop.com/health/geneticsgrowthanddevelopment/heredity/

HEREDITYThe process in which characteristics pass from parents to offspring.

TRAITAn organism’s physical characteristics

Examples: eye color, hair color, height

DNADEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDTHE GENETIC MATERIAL THAT

CARRIES INFORMATION ABOUT AN ORGANISM AND THAT IS PASSED FROM PARENT TO OFF SPRING.

http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/dna/

CHROMOSOMEA threadlike cellular structure that carries the information that controls inherited characteristics.

GENEGENEA SEGMENT OF DNA ON A CHROMOSOME THAT CODES FOR A SPECIFIC TRAIT.

ALLELESALLELESTHE DIFFERENT FORMS OF A GENE.

GENE SCAVENGER GENE SCAVENGER HUNTHUNTFind a person with the corresponding gene. Get their first and last initial.

The BIG Allele is

DOMINANT

It always shows upWe write it with a

CAPITAL LETTER

The small Allele is

RECESSIVE

It is always hidden when a dominant is present.

It will only show up if there are two recessive alleles

We write it with a lower case letter

Each genotype has 2 alleles

ONE FROM MOM

ONE FROM DAD

Aa

http://www.brainpop.com/health/geneticsgrowthanddevelopment/genetics/

GENOTYPE- GENETIC MAKE-UP (COMBINATION OF LETTERS)

HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT LETTER TO USE

Use the FIRST letter of the

DOMINANT Gene

What are the combination of alleles?

AAAaaa

PHENOTYPEPHENOTYPEThe physical appearance of a trait

(the trait you can see)Example: eye color, skin color, hair color

PHENOTYPE is the physical description.

AA

Aa

aa

What will be the phenotype for the following genotypes?

NO AFRO

AFRO

AFRO

HOMOZYGOUS

SAMEAA, aa

HETEROZYGOUS

DIFFERENTAa

Freckles is Dominant to Non freckles____ Freckles ____ No freckles

_______ Homozygous Dominant_______ Heterozygous _______ Homozygous Recessive

Brown hair is Dominant to Red Hair____ Brown _____ Red

_______ Homozygous Dominant_______ Heterozygous _______ Homozygous Recessive

HOMOZYGOUS AA/ aa HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT AA HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE aa HETEROZYGOUS Aa MUTATION 3