Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller...

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Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology David McIntyre Senior Business Unit Manager Computer and Storage Business Unit Altera Corp. [email protected] Flash Memory Summit 2011 Santa Clara, CA 1 Thursday, August 25, 11

Transcript of Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller...

Page 1: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology

David McIntyreSenior Business Unit Manager

Computer and Storage Business UnitAltera Corp.

[email protected]

Flash Memory Summit 2011Santa Clara, CA 1

Thursday, August 25, 11

Page 2: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

What Is a PLD?

A programmable logic device (PLD) is a type of semiconductor

Most semiconductors can be programmed only once to perform a specific function

PLDs are reprogrammable—functions can be changed or enhanced during development or after manufacturing

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Flexibility Makes PLDs Lower Risk and Faster to Design Than Other Types of Semiconductors

CPLD FPGA

ASIC ASSP

Application Specific Integrated Circuit

Application Specific Standard Product

Complex ProgrammableLogic Device

Field ProgrammableGate Array

PLDs

Non-PLDs

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PLD’s Have Evolved!

Prototyping1-250 units

Production10ku-1Mu

The Lab The Data Center

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PLD Tipping Point vs. ASICs

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Source: Altera; data applies to new design starts.

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

PLDs Outstripping Traditional ASICs in Technology and Total Cost of Ownership

Primary PLDProcess Node

Primary ASICProcess Node

Technology Gap

Gap begins to emerge

Tipping Point

180nm

130nm

90nm

45nm 40nm

32nm 28nm

22nm

65nm

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Page 5: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

TSMCs 28HP process and

design optimizations

Cost

Power

Speed

TSMCs 28LP process and

design optimizations

SpeedCost

Power

Balancing a FPGA Family by Process Technology

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TSMC’s 28-nm Low-

Performance (LP) Process and Design

Optimizations Speed

The optimal choice for addressing today’s power- and cost-constrained applications

Lowest absolute power

Power

Cost

TSMC’s 28-nm High-

Performance (HP) Process and Design

OptimizationsCost

Highest bandwidth 28G transceivers at 200 mW Lowest power in high-performance systems

Speed

Power

Speed Cost

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Enabling Technology-Programmable Logic Devices

• Design Logic support - Increasing densities to support system on

chip (SOC) programmability• Increased Computational Performance • Power Consumption - Intelligent power management - Hardened IP blocks• High Speed Serial Interface Support - Embedded Transceivers

- W

Flash Memory Summit 2011Santa Clara, CA 7

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System Cost Reduction via Integration

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Before After

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Page 8: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

System Cost Reduction via Integration

Lower Power and More Bandwidth

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Before After

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Page 9: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

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Compute Target Applications

Co-ASIC

Application

Bridge Plus

Acceleration

I/O Virtualization (10GbE and PCIe)

Management(BMC, KVM)

Mainframe

Blade Server

Accelerator Card

Flash SSD Flash Controller

Usage Examples

Interface bridging with IP function, e.g. compression and encryption, Dedupe

Algorithm acceleration for vertical markets

ASIC alternative; low cost with flexibility

IP Flexibility supported with low power

Features enhancement

PCIe to ONFI bridging,Flash Control

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Storage Target Applications

Application Usage Examples

Flash Cache/SSD ONFI bridging and RAID adaptor NV DIMM backup, RAID for Flash

RAID Bridging PCIe Gen 3 x8 best of class signal integrity

Bridge Plus Interface bridging with IP function

ASIC Replacement Lower cost development with flexibility

Tape

Memory BackUp/Restore

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Storage Target Applications

Application Usage Examples

Flash Cache/SSD ONFI bridging and RAID adaptor NV DIMM backup, RAID for Flash

RAID Bridging PCIe Gen 3 x8 best of class signal integrity

Bridge Plus Interface bridging with IP function

ASIC Replacement Lower cost development with flexibility

Tape

Memory BackUp/Restore

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Page 12: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

Flash Controller Design Challenges

Flash Memory Summit 2011Santa Clara, CA 11

Emerging memory types - ONFI 3.0, Toggle Mode 2.0 - PCM (Phase Change Memory) - DDR3, DDR4

ECC levels - BCH encryption

Data transfer interface support - PCI Express, SAS/SATA, FC, IB

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Data Integrity- The Green Approach

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Page 14: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

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NVDIMM Controller Architecture

Processor DDR

FPGA(Cyclone)

FETbank

400MHz / 800MB tested

DIMM

Can be• Buffered• Un-buffered• Registered

On power failure these FETs switch out the processor signals

Flash1 or 2 SD

Cards or BGA

DDR ctrl with tri-state Power regulation

To super-capbank

I2C

Controlsignals

Individual CKE lines

5 or 9

Power failure switch

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Page 15: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

Hybrid RAID System- Persistent DRAM and Flash Caches

FC, iSCSI, FCoE

CPU

PCI-e SATA

SAS

Network Side

Persistent

DRAM

FC HBA

PCI-e or CPU System Bus

FC HBA

CPU Interface

Cache/Memory Controller

Network I/F

Disk I/F

RAID² Logic PCI-e

PCI-e

Disk Side

FPGA Controller

ASSPs

RAID/Cache Controller

Flash

Cache

Dual Controller

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Hybrid RAID System - PCIe Switch Centric

FC, iSCSI, FCoE

CPU

PCI-eSATA

SAS

Network Side

Persistent

DRAM

FC HBA

PCI-e or CPU System Bus

FC HBA

PCI-e

PCI-e

Disk Side

FPGA Controller

ASSPs

PCIe Switch

Dual Controller

Dedupe/EncryptFlash Cache

PCI-e PCI-e

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FPGA RAID Controller for Flash Cache

FPGA Subsystem

10 TB of Flash Storage FPGA Applications - Flash Control - RAID - Data Transfer

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Page 18: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

Flash Cache Controllers

Denali Multi Channel Controller•Single to multi Flash channel capability• Basic NAND development platform• Provides High Speed ONFI & Toggle NAND PHY• ECC of 8 and 15 bits of error correction

Third Party Single Channel Controllers

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Page 19: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

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A Complete Solutions Portfolio

Highest BandwidthFPGA

Lowest Cost, Lowest Power

CPLDs

Lowest Risk, Lowest Total Cost

ASICs

Lowest Cost,Lowest Power

FPGA

DesignSoftware

Intellectual Property (IP)

DevelopmentKits

EmbeddedSoft Processors

Cost- and Power-Optimized FPGA

MIPS Technology

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Page 20: Flash Controller Solutions in Programmable Technology · CPLD FPGA ASIC ASSP ... NVDIMM Controller Architecture Processor DDR FPGA (Cyclone) FET bank 400MHz / ... FPGA Applications

Flashing Forward

Uncertainty Favors PLDs for Flash Control Solutions Flash Challenges Continue

• Data loss, slow writes, wear leveling, write amplification, RAID Many Performance Options

• Write back cache, queuing, interleaving, striping, over provisioning

Many Flash Cache Opportunities• Server, blade and appliance

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FPGA Implementation of Embedded Controller for IC Engine

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FPGA-Based PID Controller Implementation - USP · FPGA-Based PID Controller Implementation Mohamed Abdelati The Islamic University of Gaza ... (PWM) device and an optical encoder

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