Family Nursing With Childbearing Families

8/17/2019 Family Nursing With Childbearing Families

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Family Nursing with Childbearing Fa


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∗ Family Systems Theory

∗ Family Developmental and Life Cycle Theory

THE!"#$%&DED' E(&DENCE )*SED CH&LD)E*!&N$ N%


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T*S+ NE, *!!*N$&N$ S-*CE .TE!!&T!"/ F! * CH&LD

*rranging space .territory/ involves families ma0ing space pre

for their infants1 Families accommodate newborns by moving residence during pregnancy or the 2rst year after birth' or by their living 3uarters and furnishings1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 &n3uire about the living spaceand physical preparation all families have made for the baby1 about the families5 thoughts' values' beliefs' and possible fear

ma0ing preparations for the anticipated arrival of the baby1 4families to e6plore and manage their fear about survival of theand then mobili7e resources to help them cope so that familydevelopment can continue1 4 *ssist adolescents to 2nd wayscommunicate with their families and ma0e plans for the futureinfant and the adolescent parents1 4 !efer families who are h

or live in inade3uate or unsafe housing to appropriate resourcobtaining safer housing1

The nine tasks for childbearing families and nursing interventions are ethe following subsections


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T*S+ T8, F&N*NC&N$ CH&LD)E*!&N$ *ND CH&LD!E*!&NChildbearing results in additional e6penses and lower famincome1 9ost employed women will miss some employmeforego possible career advancement during childbearing1

more li0ely to ta0e on additional paid wor0' leaving them for family matters' which may be a source of more an6ietystress for the family1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 *ssist families to 2nd needresources' such as nutrition programs and prenatal clinicswith the 2nancial resources of the family1 -rovide families information and resources that will help them choose safeappropriate child care1 4 &dentify associated barriers to pcare' such as lac0 of transportation and child care' hours that con:ict with family employment' and dif2culty obtainusing health care bene2ts1


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T*S+ TH!EE, *SS%9&N$ 9%T%*L !ES-NS&)&L&T" F! CH*ND N%!T%!&N$ The care and nurturing of infants bring sdisruptions' demands on time and energy' additional houtas0s' and personal discomfort for careta0ers1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 Educate parents about theof parenting' such as interrupted sleep and a change in hois spent1 4 Teach a family to alternate who responds to thneeds' including feeding' changing' and comforting1 4 *sparents to develop new s0ills in care giving and ways of inwith their babies1 4 bserve for signs of attachment by li

to what parents say about their babies and observing parbehaviors .see )o6 ;


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T*S+ F%!, F*C&L&T*T&N$ !LE LE*!N&N$ F F*9&L" 9E9)Learning roles is particularly important for childbearing fammany couples' ta0ing on the role of parents is a dramatic shlives1 Dif2culty with adaptation to parenthood may be relate

stress of learning new roles1 !ole learning involves e6pectatabout the role' developing the ability to assume the role' anon the role1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 *ssist and encourage pregncouples to e6plore their attitudes and e6pectations about ththeir partners1 4 Encourage contact with others who are in

process of ta0ing on the parenting role' especially if the parisolated' adolescent' or culturally diverse and living apart frtraditional networ0s1 4 Encourage e6pectant women to brinpartners into the e6perience by sharing their physical sensaemotions of being pregnant1 4 -rovide opportunities for fatother partners to become s0illed infant caregivers1


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T*S+ F&(E, *D=%ST&N$ T CH*N$ED C99%N&C*T&N -*TCommunication patterns change in order for the family toaccommodate newborn and young children1 *s parents anlearn to interpret and respond to each other5s communica

cues' they develop e>ective' reciprocal communication paFamily Nursing &nterventions 4 Educate parents about di>infant temperaments so they are able to interpret their bauni3ue style of communication1 4 Encourage parents to tengage in eye contact with the baby1 4 &ncorporate couplcommunication into care and education of e6pectant pare

-romote e>ective couple communication by encouraging partners to listen to each other actively' using ?&@ phrasesof blaming the other1 4 Encourage couples to set aside a time to tal0 and enAoy each other as loving partners1


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T*S+ S&B, -L*NN&N$ F! S%)SE%ENT CH&LD!EN1 *fter tsome parents will have de2nite' mutually agreed#on plansadditional children' whereas others will have decided agafuture children or will be ambivalent about family plans1 F

who have de2nite plans primarily need information aboutplanning options so that they can carry out their plans1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 Consider a family5s culturareligious bac0ground' and identify the power structure andecision ma0ing in the family when discussing reproductivmatters1 4 -rovide current' evidenced#based information

family planning options14 !efer to a nurse genetic specialist for assessment andcounseling when appropriate


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T*S+ SE(EN, !E*L&$N&N$ &NTE! $ENE!*T&N*L -*TTE!N2rst baby adds a new generation in the family lineage thathe family into the future1 E6pectant parents change fromchildren of their parents to becoming parents themselves

Childbearing may signify the onset of being an adult for aparents and some cultural groups1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 *ssist new parents to see0from friends' family members' organi7ed parent groups' acolleagues as a way to cope with the demands of parentin8or0 with families to develop strategies that maintain the

activities' adult interests' and friendships1 4 Facilitate pardiscussions about perceptions of e6tended family involvemcare of the new child1


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T*S+ E&$HT, 9*&NT*&N&N$ F*9&L" 9E9)E!S5 9T&(*T&N *ND 9the initial e6citement surrounding the arrival of a new baby' familielearn to adAust to and cope with the new demands that caring for twill have on their time' energy' se6ual relationship' and personal re9any new moms e6perience postpartum fatigue' which is a feeling

e6haustion and decreased ability to engage in physical and mentaFamily Nursing &nterventions 4 &nform family members about wayspromote comfort' rest' and sleep' which will ma0e it easier for themwith fatigue1 -romote parental rest while a baby needs nighttimeby encouraging parents to alternate who responds to the baby1 4 Tparents ways to cope with a crying infant' which will boost family mincrease con2dence' and allow family members to get additional s

-rovide information on ways parents can reduce isolation and lonesee0ing support from friends' family members' organi7ed parent gwor0 colleagues1 4 Encourage parents to articulate their needs anhelp in ways that support their selfesteem as new parents1 4 Councouples about changes in se6uality after birth and help them devemutually satisfying se6ual e6pression1 4 Help families to develop sthat maintain their couple activities' adult interests' and friendship


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T*S+ N&NE, EST*)L&SH&N$ F*9&L" !&T%*LS *ND !%T&NESdevelop as children come into a family' and these rituals source of comfort' as well as part of the uni3ueness and ia family1

Family Nursing &nterventions 4 Determine the special cultmeaning each ritual has for the family and respect thosemeanings1 4 Encourage families to carry out their usual rand established rituals related to their babies and other c4 Facilitate couple discussion of bedtime and bathing roubaby5s special possessions such as a treasured blan0et'

nic0names' language for body functions' and welcoming rsuch as announcements' baptisms' circumcision' or othercelebrations1


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∗ Transition' a maAor concept of Family Developmental Thsimilar to change theory1 &nherent in transition from onedevelopmental stage to the ne6t is a period of upheava

family moves from one state to another1

∗ The notion of family transition gives foundation to nursinterventions that promote parenting because opening oinvolves the real e6periences of being with and caring fochild1

∗

Nurses who understand the stressors that families e6pethey transition from one state to another can use this thconcept to reali7e that a mother may be frustrated overbeing able to cope in her old ways

F*9&L" T!*NS&T&NS


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∗ &nfertility

∗ *doption

∗ -erinatal Loss

∗

-regnancy after pernatal loss

CH&LD)E*!&N$ F*9&L" ST!ESS


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∗ *cute and Chronic &llness During Childbearing

∗ E>ect of Threats to Health on Childbearing Families

∗ For e6ample' three sources of stress that alter familyprocesses when the mother or infant e6periences a chhealth threat are, .;/ assuming household tas0s' .


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∗ Feeding 9anagement

∗ *ttachment

∗ Siblings

∗

-ostpartum management

F*9&L" N%!S&N$ F -ST-*!T%9 F*


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S%99*!"

∗ Childbearing family nursing focuses on family relationships andof all members of the childbearing family even during times of e

threats to maternal health1 Several di>erent theories are availanurses encountering families during childbearing' which can he

their assessment of' plan of care' and interventions for the famare also in a position to have a powerful in:uence on the ways ifamily centered care is practiced and on the development of fam

friendly policies at both the federal and practice setting level1 &nnurses can contribute to the 0nowledge base of childbearing fam

through design and implementation of research aimed at undertheir uni3ue e6periences1 4 8hile giving direct physical care' te

patients' or performing other traditional modes of maternity nufamily nurses focus on family relationships and health of all mem

the childbearing family1 4 Several theories are helpful to guide understanding of childbearing families and to structure nursing particularly Family Systems Theory and Family Developmental T

Even in e6treme threats to health' family nurses do not ignore t

of the family1 4 Nurses have a powerful in:uence on family prapolicy' and research for childbearing families1

Family Nursing With Childbearing Families

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