Fabric Printing Techniques

8/6/2019 Fabric Printing Techniques

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Fabric Printing Techniques



T E X T I L E P R I N T I N G

A P P L I C AT I O N OF C O L O R T O A FA B R I C I N A

DESIGN O R PAT T E R N

O B J E C T I V E S

1. G O O DR E G I S T R AT I O N

2. G O O DC L A R I T Y

3. G O O DD E F I N I T I O N

4. G O O D P E N E T R AT I O N

5. G O O DFASTNESS

6 . L O W P E R C E N TA G ESECONDS



TYPES O F P R I N T I N G P R O C E S S E S

I. AUTOMA TIC FLAT SCREEN PRI NTI NG

A. APPROXIMATELY 17% OF PRINTED GOODS

B. ' ADVANTAGES

( 1 ) LARGE REPEATS

MULTIPLE STROKES FOR PILE FABRICS

C. DISADVANTAGES

SLOW

N O CONTINUOUS PATTERNS

3



I1 , ROTARY SCREEN PRINTING

A, APPROXIMATELY & % F PRINTED GOODS

B. A D VA N TA G E S

( 2 ) QUICK CHANGEOVER OF PATTERNS

( 3 ) CONTINUOUS PATTERNS

C. DISADVANTAGES

( 1 ) DESIGN LIMITATIONS

( 2 ) SMALL REPEATS



111. ENGRAVED ROLLER PRINTING .

A. APPROXIMATELY 26% OF PRINTED GOODS

B. ADVANTAGES

(1.) HIGH DESIGN CAPABILITY

A. FINE DE TA IL

B. MULTIPLE TONES

C. DISADVANTAGES

(1) COPPER CYLINDERS VERY EXPENSIVE

--

( 2 ) NOT ECONOMICAL FOR SHORT RUNS

( 3 ) REQUIRES HIGHLY SKILLED WORKERS



IV.

--

HEAT TRANSFER PRINTING

A.

B.

APPROXIMATELY 7% OF PRINTED GOODS

ADVANTAGES

( 1 ) HIGH QUALITY PRINTS

(2) - FEWER SECONDS

(3) ECONOMICAL FOR SHORT RUNS

( 4 ) PRACTICALLY POLLUTION FREE

C. DISADVANTAGES

(1) SLOW

( 2 ) PRIMARILY ONLY FOR POLYESTER



STEPSI N

PRINTINGPROCESS

1 . P R E P A R A T I O NF P R I N T A S T E

2. P R I N T I N GF F A B R I C

3. D R Y I N G

4. F I X AT I O NO F D Y E S T U F F

5. WA S H I N G - O F F



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viscosity -t h i d m s s of t h l u i d )

pr int paste faxmula-

resist- of a f l u i d to f l o w - (ie. t.b

- a m of t h IDst impartant variables in a

- can be cmmlled by choosing from a w i d erange of possible t h k h r x x products, nrsaifif2dby

in tarperature, pH, arrl electrolyte

w i a n s - (oil-in-water, w a t e r - i n - i l )



of Pr in t P a s t e s

E f f e c t of Eledm3ly-5

Effect of cancentration



T H I C K F N I N GAGENTS

M U S TH A V E P S E U D O P L A S T I C FLOW B E H A V I O R

Low S H E A R= H I G HV I S C O S I T Y

H I G HS H E A R= L o w V I S C O S I T Y

i

S H E A R A T E

P S E U D O P L A S T I CB E H AV I O R



T H I C K E N I N GM E D I A

S O L U T I O N S F P O L Y S A C C H A R I D E S- G U MA R A B I C

- G U MT R A G A C A N T H

- L O C U S TB E A NG U M

- G U A RG U M

- S O D I U M A L G I N AT E

E M U L S I O N S

-. 0 L - “ WAT E R

- WAT E R - I N - O I L

O I L I S U S U A L L Y V A R S O L

S Y N T H E T I C( A L L - A Q U E O U S )

- P O L Y A C R Y L I CA C I D

-EMA R E S I N G

E L E C T R O LY T ES E N S I T I V E

F O A M S

- A I RD I S P E R S E D I N W A T E R

11



capable of fauning a i o n a l f i l m u s e d t o

1 - inpartant in d e t e g astrvpss

“ a l l y s y n t b t i c (lata) ~llpounds

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ca lgm - often used to soften e t e r



Surfactats - used to -particles,

into the f ihe r,

S i m i l a r in 135e are protective col loids -

increasing paste s tab i l i ty,

Smfactants can be

s-

catianic S+

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Hurectants

. m-ials aWed t o p r i n t paste fmtrdat ians to

print paste formulations to prevent e e r evaparatim

the paste - preventing -skin-' a rd paste

i n s t ab i l i ty



,Increase dhesion of b i d e r systan to substrate

L e , Pi-t printing of fiberglass i s e n h a n o e d

by using aninffi-

--



Added to p r i n t pastes to " i z e f m t i m of

foan (before foan printing).

often S i J i a X E surfactants have been d

any w h i c h bubble fanmtirm

in t b rint paste a d its no

be u s f a .

effects can



Catalys ts

speed

A c f i e m i c a l dded t o a fanrailation t o

of a c h m k a l . reaction,

be in!Clu3f?d in pr in t paste f cu r rp lLa t ion far



A U X I L I A R Y C H E M I C A L S

T H O S EN E C E S S A R Y F O R F I X A T I O N O F D Y E O N T O F I B E R

R E A C T I V E S- A L K A L I

V A T S - R E D U C I N GA G E N T

A C L D S- A C I D

C A T I O N I CA C ~ D

D I S P E R S E- C A R R I E R

DO N O T I N C O R P O R A T E S T R O N G A C I D , B A S E S , O X I D I Z I N G A N D R E D U C I N G

A G E N T S I N P R I N T P A S T E .

A C I DA G E R

L AT E N TR E D U C I N GA G E N T S

( S O D I U M U L F ~ X Y L A T EO R M A L D E H Y D E )



S C R E E N E N G R A V I N G P R O C E S S

-1. P R E P A R A T I O N O F P O S I T I V E F I L M

A . C O L O R S E P A R A T I O N .

. B. S T E P A N D R E P E AT

C. R E G I S T R A T I O N A N D A C C U R A C Y

2. T R A N S F E R T O S C R E E N

A . L A C Q U E R M E T H O D

5 . G A L V A N O M E T H O D



L A C Q U E RM E T H O D

P E R F O R AT E D S C R E E N P R E F O R M E D-

A .

B.

C.

E.

F.

G.

H .

1 .

H E A T

D E G R E A S E A N D C L E A N

C O A T W I T H L I G H T- S E N S I T I V E E M U L S

D R Y

F I L M P L A C E DI N C O N T A C T W I T H

E X P O S E T O L I G H T

W A S H

S C R E E N

I N S P E C T

C U R E

J . I N S T A L LE N DR I N G



F L A T - B E D S C R E E N P R N T ING

M E C H A N I Z AT I O NO F H A N DSCREEN P R O C E S S

-

F A B R I C G L U E D T O B L A N K E T

S C R E E N S R I S E AND F A L L

P R I N T I N G D O N E W H I L E S C R E E NI N D O W NP O S I T I O N

R O D O R BLADE S Q U E E G . E ES Y S T E M

. U P T O F O ' U R S T R O K E S P O S S I B L E

S L O W P R O C E S S



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R O T A R Y S C R E E N P R I N T. I N G

C O N T I N U O U S S C R E E N P R I N T I N GP R O C E S S-

F A B R I C G L U E D T O B L A N K E T

F A B R I C M O V E S U N D E R R O T A T I N GS C R E E N S

R O D O R B L A D E S Q U E E G E E S Y S T E M

F I N E A D J U S T M E N T S E A S I L Y M A D E

S P E E D S U P T O 100 Y D J M I N .

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F I X A T I O N M E T H O D S

1. AT M O S P H E R I CS T E A M

- T R E AT M E N T A T 2 1 2 D E G R E E S F W I T H S AT U R AT E D S T E A M

- U S E DW I T H

D I R E C T D Y E S

V A T D Y E S

N A P H T H O LD Y E S

A C I D D Y E S-

C AT I O N I C D Y E S -

R E A C T I V ED Y E S

- F E S T O O N T E A M E RM O S TC O M M O NE Q U I P M E N T

A C I D A G E RF O R A C I D D Y E S

2 . P R E S S U R E S T E A M

- T R E A T M E N TA T 230 D E G R E E S F U N D E R L O N P g E S S U R E

- U S E D W I T H D I S P E R S E D Y E S

- T U R B O - A U T O C L AV EM O S T C O M M O N E Q U I P M E N T



3 . H I G HT E M P E R AT U R ES T E A M

- T R E AT M E N T W I T H S P U E R H E A T E DS T E A M A T T E M P E R AT U R E U P T O

4 2 0 D E G R E E S F

- U S E D W I T H

D i S P E R S E D Y E S

P I G M E N T S

- C A N A L S O B E U S E D As A N AT M O S P H E R I CS T E A M E R

4 . D R YH E AT

- T R E AT M E N TW I T H D R YH E ATA T T E M P E R A T U R E SU P T O 4 2 0 D E G R E E S

- U S E D W I T H

D I S P E R S E D Y E S

R E A C T I V ED Y E S

P I G M E N T S



R E A S O N S FO R S C O U R I N G

R E M O V E T H E T H I C K E N I N G . A G E N T

R E M O V E A U X I L I A R I E S

R E M O V E E X C E S SD Y E S T U F F

I M P R O V E B R I L L I A N C EO F P R I N T

I M P R O V E F A S T N E S S P R O P E R T I - E SO FP R I N T

P R O B L E M -

B A C K S T A I N I N G O FU N D Y E D A R E A S



P I G M E N TP R I N T I N G

70% O F A L L P R I N T E DF A B R I C SI N U.S. A R E P R I N T E DI T H P I G M E N T S

C O M P O S I T I O N OF P R I N T P A S T E

P I G M E N T

T H I C K E N E R( E M U L S I O NR A L LA Q U E O U S )

. B I N D E R ( A C R Y L I CP O LY M E R )

Low C R O C KB I N D E R

S O F T E N E R

P R O C E S S

1. P R I N T

2. D R Y

3. C A R E

A D VA N TA G E S

- A L LF I B E R SN D F I B E RB L E N D S

- No A F T E R WA S H

D I S A D VA N T A G E S

- P O O RC R O C KF A S T E N E S S

- H A R S HH A R D--



Typica l P i p t Print E b m u h t i o n

8 nrywtxight

10%

3%

2%

1/108

5-10%

18

1/10%

1/28

2%

77%



--

DEFECTS I N SCREEN PRINTING

OUT OF REGISTRATION

LINT A N DI I I R E A L I M A R K S

GLUE STREAK

C OLOR SMEAR

COLOR OUT

CREASED FABRIC

P I N H O L E

DAMAGED SCREEN



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F a b r i c i s f i r s t p r in t ed w i t h a r e s i s t i n g a g e n t , t h en dy ed .

P r o d u c e s s i m i l a r e ffec t s t o d i s c h ar g e p r i n t i n g .

Can use whi te or c o l o r e d resists.

Can u s e dyes of much h i g h e r s t a b i l i t y t h a n th o s e u s ed i n d i s c h a rg e

p r i n t i n g and, t h e r e f o r e , much h i g h e r f a s t n e s s c a n be o b t a i n e d .



D ischa rge p r i n t i ng i s a method where a "dyed" fabric i s p r i n t e d w i t h

d is ch a rg in g a g en t s M c h s e l e c t i v e l y d e s t ro y t h e d ye.

produced.

A w h i t e d i s cha rge i s

An a l t e rna t i ve me thod i s t o p r i n t along wi th d i s c h a rg ing a g e n t s ,

nondischargeab le dye wtrich g iv es a c olore d d isc har ge surrounded bya

"ground"color.

Advantages

1)

2 )

Large areas of g round co lo r pos s ib l e

Delicate c o l o r s a nd I n t r i c a t e p a t t e r n s p o s s i b l e on d ee p ground c o l o r -excellent dep th and c l a r i t y po ss ib l e

Hig he r p roduc t i on c os t s bu t long l a s t i n g , un i q u e s t y l e s)

--



HEAT TRANSFERPR INTING

Advantages

I.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Easier handling of units

Easier training of operators

Better registration and clarity

Fewer Seconds (2% vs. 10%)

1nventory in paper

Pollution - free

Disadvantages

1. Slow

2 Limited to synthetic fibkrsmainly polyester



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PRESENTUSESOF HEAT TRANSFERPR I NTS

Kni t ted Appare l

Woven App arel

Drapery Fabr ic

Uphols te ryFabric

A u t o m o b i l e I n t e r i o r s

--

Carpet Tiles



RECENT

Deep

I NNOVATIONS I N HEAT TRANSFERPR1NTlNG

P e n e t r a t i n g

Cationic Dyes for

Dyesfor Pile Fabrics

P ri ting Acrylics -

Processes for Pr in tin g PolyesterlCottonBlends

1 Coating CottonFiber with Polyester Resin.2. Resin Fixing Dyes on Cotton.

Wet Heat Transfer Pr in t ing

Fabric Printing Techniques

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