Energize

Science Grade 5Module D Chapter 1

Vocabulary

What is energy & work?

• Energy is the ability to do work or change matter

• Examples: • Sunlight heats

air and causes wind to blow

• Sunlight changes matter-ice melting to water

What is power?

• The rate at which work is done

• For Rocky, the rate at which the work is done means how long it takes to go up the rock.

Rocky the rock climber

What is potential energy?

• Stored energy• “potential”

means possible

What is kinetic energy?

• Energy of motion

• Kinetic means “having to do with motion”

What is a chemical bond?

• Is the strong attraction that holds two atoms together in a substance

• Example: chemical bonds hold hydrogen and oxygen atoms together in a water molecule

H2O

What is a molecule?

• Is the smallest bit of a compound that has the same properties of that compound

• For example in the compound water, a molecule is the smallest bit of water that has the properties of the water.

What is conservation of mass and energy?

• Mass & energy are neither created nor destroyed during chemical reactions

• They just change forms

• Example: rusty nail• Atoms of iron have

combined with oxygen making a new substance

• The energy has changed into heat and radiated away

What is a joule?

• Scientists use the same unit of measurement for energy and work-the joule

• One joule is a very small amount of energy or work

• You use about 9 joules of energy to lift the average textbook one meter above your desk

What is a watt?

• Metric unit that measures power

• This unit of power can be found on light bulbs

What is electrical energy?

• Kind of energy carried by moving charges

• Example: light bulb

• Electrical energy to light energy and thermal energy

What is horsepower?

• Customary unit that measures power

• One horsepower = 746 watts

• In the 1800’s, James Watt used a horse to estimate power.

• This led to the unit horsepower

• Today scientists measure power in watts

Watt found that his horse could lift or pull a 550lb. weight a distance 1 foot in 1 second. So, he called this unit of power 1 horsepower.

What is mechanical energy?

• Energy an object has because of its motion and forces acting on it

• Example: fan• Electrical energy

to mechanical energy

What is chemical energy?

• Energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms and molecules

• Example: radio• Chemical

energy to sound energy