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Copyright©2001byGeoffreyAshe

Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,exceptfortheinclusionofbriefquotationsinareview,withoutpriorpermission

inwritingfromthepublishers.LibraryofCongress

Cataloging-in-PublicationDataAshe,Geoffrey.Encyclopediaofprophecy/

GeoffreyAshe.p.cm.Includesbibliographical

referencesandindex.ISBN1-57607-079-4(alk.

paper)—ISBN1-57607-528-1(e-book)

1.Prophecies(Occultism)—Encyclopedias.I.Title.

BF1786.A842001133.3'03—dc21

20010010670605040302011098765

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1911SantaBarbara,California

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freepaper.ManufacturedintheUnited

StatesofAmerica

Pagev

ContentsPreface,viiAcknowledgments,ix

EncyclopediaofProphecy

Adams,Evangeline,1

AngelicPope,1Antichrist,2Apocalypse,5Apollo,7Aquarius,Ageof,7Armageddon,8Arthur,King,9Astrology,13Atlantis,16Augustine,Saint,18Bacon,Francis,21Bahais,23Barton,Elizabeth,24Bellamy,Edward,25

Benson,RobertHugh,26Besant,Annie,27BiblicalProphecy(1)—

IsraeliteandJewish,28

BiblicalProphecy(2)—Christian,31

Blake,William,34BrahanSeer,The,36British-IsraelTheory,37Camisards,39Cassandra,41Cathbad,42Cayce,Edgar,43

Cazotte,Jacques,45Channeling,47Cheiro,48Chesterton,Gilbert

Keith,49Daniel,53DanteAlighieri,55DayoftheLord,60Delphi,61Divination,63Dixon,Jeane,65Dreams,66Dunne,J.W.,68Elijah,73

Eliot,George,76EndoftheWorld,76Ezekiel,81Fatima,83FifthMonarchyMen,86Forster,E.M.,86FrederickBarbarossa,90Garnett,MaynClew,93Glastonbury(Somerset,

England),93GuglielmaofMilan,96Hanussen,ErikJan,99Harbou,Theavon,100Herzl,Theodor,101

HildegardofBingen,Saint,103

Huxley,Aldous,104Isaiah,107Jeremiah,111JesusChrist,113JoachimofFiore,116Johanson,Anton,119John,Saint,119JohntheBaptist,121

Pagei

EncyclopediaofProphecy

Pageiii

EncyclopediaofProphecy

GeoffreyAshe

SantaBarbara,CaliforniaDenver,ColoradoOxford,England

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Jonah,121Kalki,125Krafft,KarlErnst,125Lawrence,D.H.,129Lemuria,129Lilly,William,131Macbeth,133Mahdi,134Maitreya,135

Malachy,Saint,135Maya,138Mercier,Louis-

Sébastien,139Merlin,143Messiah,147Micah,150Milton,John,151Monmouth,James,Duke

of,156Moore,Francis,157Morris,William,157Muhammad,159Napoleon,161

NaziGermany,161NewspaperAstrology,

165Newton,Isaac,165Nixon,Robert,167Nostradamus,168Oracles,177Orwell,George,178Palmistry,181Parapsychology,182Partridge,John,182Peden,Alexander,183Premonitions,185PromisedLand,186

Prophecy,Theoriesof,188

Psychics,195Pyramidology,196Quetzalcoatl,199Revelation,201Robertson,Morgan,208SabbataiZevi,211Savonarola,Girolamo,

213Scrying,214SecondCharlemagne,

216SecondIsaiah,218

Seneca,LuciusAnnaeus,221

Shamanism,221Shambhala,222Shaw,GeorgeBernard,

226Shipton,Mother,228“Sibyl”(Norse),230SibylsandSibylline

Texts,231SimeonandAnna,233Smith,Joseph,233Solovyev,Vladimir,235Southcott,Joanna,237

Sphinx,238Spurinna,239Stapledon,Olaf,240Stead,W.T.,243Tarot,245Tecumseh,249Tennyson,Alfred,250Thaxter,Celia,250Theosophy,251ThomasAquinas,Saint,

253ThomastheRhymer,254Titanic,255Virgil,257

WanderingJew,259Wells,H.G.,260Witchcraft,265Zamyatin,Yevgeny,269

Bibliography,271Index,275AbouttheAuthor,291

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Preface

Thewordprophecyoriginallymeant“inspiredutterance.”Agodorgoddessorspiritor,atanyrate,someunseenbeingotherthantheperson

inspired,spokethroughthatperson.Atfirst,prophecydidnotimplyforetellingthefuture,butthatmeaningdeveloped,especiallyinGreeceandinancientIsrael.LargelybecausetheIsraeliteprophets’predictionswerepreservedintheBibleandbecausetheBiblebecameasacredbookformanynations,thepredictivemeaningofprophecycametopredominateintheWestern

world.Prophecyinthe

predictivesense,withorwithoutaclaimtoinspiration,isthesubjectofthisencyclopedia.Adistinctionisneededattheoutset.Theencyclopediaisnotaboutintelligentanticipationorrationalforecasting,suchasthatattemptedbypoliticaljournalists,economicprognosticators,statisticians,andscientistswhoproject

whattheyregardashistoricalandcurrenttrendsintothefuture.Activityofthistypeenjoyedaspecialvoguebetweenabout1965and1975,underthenameoffuturology.Itisnotconsideredhereorisconsideredonlymarginally.Onejustificationforconsideringothersortsofpredictionisthatthewould-berationalsorthasnotbeenconspicuouslysuccessful.A

fiascothathadrepercussionswasthefailureofrationalforecasterstoforecastthedownfalloftheCommunistempirein1991.Mostofthemthoughtitwouldgofromstrengthtostrength.Itisfairandrelevanttoaddthatonthisgreatissue,whennearlyalltheexpertswerewrong,anobscurePortuguesevisionary(whosestoryisinthisbook)wasright.

Fromtheexperts’point

ofview,mostofthecasessurveyedherewoulddoubtlesscountasirrational.Peoplearesupposedtohaveacquiredknowledgeofthefuturethroughprocessesthatmaybeclosertotheoldconceptofinspiration:througharapportwithsomedivineorsupernaturalbeing,throughclairvoyance,throughdreams,orthroughsomeparanormaltechniquesuchasastrology.Inallsuchcases,

theencyclopediaisconcernedwithfacts.Itmakesnopriorassumptionastowhetherknowledgeofthefuturereallyoccursorcanoccur.Sometimesthefacts,uponexamination,maybethoughttofavorthatpossibility.Sometimestheyevidentlydonot.Therearealsoprophecieswherethemaininterestliesinthewaytheyreflecthopesoraspirationsorwaysofthinking,sothattheyhavea

placeinthehistoryofideaseventhoughthepredictionsmaybeobsolete.

Thereisnotmuchintheencyclopediaaboutsciencefiction,although,ofcourse,itoftenhasafuturesetting.Thevolumeofmaterialistoovasttoaccommodate,andthebestofitisrootedinrationalanticipation,howeverfancifullyextended.Writersofsciencefictiondonotpretendtohaveactuallyhad

visionsortohaveseenaheadbydivination.However,afewclassicsareincludedinwhichtheauthorsarenotsomuchmakingforecastsasmakingpoints.Theyareusingfuturescenariostosatirizetheworldtheyliveinortofabricatemythsandnightmareswithabearingonit.Theirimaginationisso

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richandinfluential,evenwithnoimpliedparanormalfactor,thattheirwritingsdeserveaplaceinthisvolume.Thesearelistedundertheauthors’names.Anauthor—H.G.Wells,forinstance—mayhavewrittenmanyotherthings,and,ifso,thenature

ofthisoutputissummarized,butthefocusofthearticleisonaparticularwork.Inonecase,thatofOlafStapledon,theauthor’smythmakingraisesaninterestingquestionaboutthenatureofprophecyitself.Thatalonewouldbeenoughreasonforinclusioninthisbook.

Thefirstrequirementforcomingtotermswiththetopicsintheencyclopediaisanopenmind.Ifthematerials

areapproachedinthatspirit,Ibelieveenoughprobabilitiesemergetojustifyadiscussionofhowforeknowledgemayhappen.Thatdiscussionappearsinitsplace.Thereiscertainlynoeasyanswer,butthealternativeeasyanswerofsimplydenyingeverythingdoesnotwork.

GeoffreyAshe

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Acknowledgments

AbookthatrangesaswidelyastheEncyclopediaofProphecy,reflectingsomuchthinkinganddiscussionoveralongstretchoftime,must

oweobligationstomorepeoplethancouldeverberecalledornamedindividually.However,mysupremethanksareduetomywife,Patricia,whomadeatrulyextraordinarycontributionbytakingonformidabletasksofcopying,revision,andcommunicationandbyhelpingwiththesometimesharderbusinessofestablishingthebesttextandillustrativematter.These

thingsweredonenoblyandwithanoutpouringofeffortthatcannotbepraisedtoohighly.