Dr. V. PRAKASH, Ph.D, FRSC, FIFT, FIAFoST, FIAS, FNAAS, FINAE Distinguished Scientist of CSIR-INDIA...

Dr. V. PRAKASH, Ph.D, FRSC, FIFT, FIAFoST, FIAS, FNAAS, FINAE

Distinguished Scientist of CSIR-INDIA andHon.Director of Research, Innovation and Development and Management at JSS-MVP, Mysore, India

Scientific Panel Chair, Nutritionals and Nutraceuticals Panel, FSSAI, Govt. of India Vice President of International Union of Nutritional Sciences

PADMASHREE, BHATNAGAR AND RAJYOTHSAVA AWARDEE AND LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDEEHon. President, International Society of Nutraceuticals and Nutritionals and Naturals (ISNNAN), India

Advisor, International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST)

Executive Editor of Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Wiley, UK

Chairman, Research Advisory Committee of Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India

Chairman, Advisory Board of NuFFooDS Magazine, India

Chairman, Indian Region of European Hygienic Engineering and Design Group(EHEDG), Frankfurt, Germany

Executive Council Member, Global Harmonisation Initiative,, Vienna,Austria

Visiting Professor of IUFoST at Saigon Technology University, HCMC, VietnamAdjunct Professor of Nutrition, TUFTS University, Boston, MA, USA

Past President, International Academy of Food Science and Technology of IUFoST and Nutrition Society of India

Former Director, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, IndiaFormer Coordinator, United Nations University at CFTRI, Mysore,India

IRAMOT-INDIA Workshop at Tehran, Iran 27 th & 28th July 2015

2

“Affordable Health Sector Networking the Traditional Wisdom with Modern Medicine for Sustainable Health – A New Paradigm

Shift for Changing Lifestyle Diseases”.

R

GENOMICS:DNA sequences &

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

BIOINFORMATICS

TRANSCRIPTION :Patterns of gene expression

PROTEOMICS :Structure and function of proteins

METABOLIC OUTCOMES :Metabolite profiles and functions

BIOTECHNOLOGYMOLECULAR

MEDICINE

PHARMACOGENOMICS GENE FUNCTION &PHENOTYPE

NUTRITIONAL

SCIENCES

COMPLEXITIES OF SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES INTERACTING AND INTERFACING WITH MODERN MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES INVOLVING

MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR HEALTH & WELLNESS

Lifestyle

Modern Medicine +Traditional

Wisdom=

SustainableHealth

Reverse Pharmacology

Prakash / CSIR-India,2015

Integrated approach is the key to

success.

Traditional Knowledge

+

Modern Scientific Support

+

Rich Epidemiological data especially

in India and

West Asian CountriesPrakash / CSIR-India,2015

Glimpses of Health care

in Iran


The Medicine market in Iran is heavily in favour of Generic medicines, which contributed US $1.23bn to the total in 2009, with patented Medicines at US $ 817mn and OTC medicines at US $ 262mn

The Medicines….

(Ref:Greg Palast. Pharmaceuticals: Afgan Ufficiale:La NATO Airstrike Uccide14 OfficialWire. Retrieved 2012-02-05.)

Condition Prevalance %Low birth weight 22

# Kwashiorkor/Marasmus <1

# Bitot’s spots 0.8-1.0

Iron deficiency anaemia (6 -59 months) 70.0

# Underweight (weight for age)* (<5 years) 42.6

# Stunting (height for age)* (<5 years) 48.0

# Wasting (weight for height)* 20.0

Childhood Overweight/ Obesity 6-30

Chronic Health Problems( Infants and children) in Iran

Celiac Diseases 11%

Contd..

Contd..

Glimpses of Health care

System in India


Health care system in IndiaNational Health Mission (former National Rural Health Mission)

The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched in April 2005 by the Government of India. The goal of the NRHM was to provide effective healthcare to rural people with a focus on 18 states which have poor public health indicators and/or weak infrastructure. Lack of political, economic and administrative decentralization of health care is being chronically ignored by NH


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Community_Health_Center_angamaly.JPG

National Urban Health Mission

The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) as a sub-mission of National Health Mission (NHM) has been approved by the Cabinet on 1 May 2013. The goal of NUHM is to meet health care needs of the urban population with the focus on urban poor, by making available to them essential primary health care services and reducing their out of pocket expenses for treatment


Health issues in India• Malnutrition• Child undernutrition• Different forms of malnutrition• High infant mortality rate, Approximately 1.72 million

children die each year before turning one• Diseases• Poor sanitation• Safe drinking water• Female health issues• Rural health• Chronic diseases• Malaria, TB, other infectious diseases• Cancer• CVD• NCD’s• Obesity


National Centre for Disease Control

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is an Indian Government Ministry charged with Health policy in India It is also responsible for all government programs.

[The Ministry regularly publishes the Indian Pharmacopeia since 1955 through Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) an autonomous body under the ministry for setting of standards for drugs, pharmaceuticals and healthcare devices and Medical technologies in India


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_and_Family_Welfare

Department of HealthMajor National Health Programmes

• National AIDS Control Programme (AIDS) Department Of Aids Control (National AIDS Control Organisation) (Details about Aids)•National Cancer Control Programme (Cancer•National Filaria Control Programme (Filariasis)•National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (Iodine deficiency)•National Leprosy Eradication Programme (Leprosy)•National Mental Health Programme (Mental Health)•National Programme for Control of Blindness (Blindness)•National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (deafness)•National Tobacco Control Programme (Tabacco Control)•National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) (Vector borne

diseases)• Pilot Programme on Prevention and Control of Diabetes, CVD and Stroke (Diabetes, cardiovascular, stroke)• Revised National TB Control Programme (Tuberculosis)• Universal Immunization Programme


India emerging as research hub for diagnostics globally

Healthcare Industry in India

A couple of examples ofGenetic disorders

prevalent in the Society


1. CELIAC DISEASE


Gluten is known to cause adverse health problems in those who suffer from gluten sensitivity, primarily as a result of Celiac disease . whether non-celiac sources of gluten sensitivity exist remains controversial. In 2009 research showed between 0.5 and 1.0 percent of people in the US and UK are sensitive to gluten due to celiac disease, which constitutes an abnormal immune reaction to partially digested gliadin It probably occurs with comparable frequencies among all wheat-eating populations in the world. Celiac disease has no cure but is manageable with a gluten free diet. Wheat allergy and celiac disease are different disorders.

Celiac Disease


Celiac Disease World-Wide

• Iran - common finding among patients labeled as irritable bowel syndrome (11%) in Iran

• India - common cause of chronic diarrhea both in children and in adults

• Central America/Puerto Rico/South America - under-diagnosed

WHEAT IS A STAPLE FOOD FOR NEARLY 50% OF INDIANS. HENCE IN TRADITIONAL WHEAT EATERS, A CONSCIOUS EFFORT HAS TO BE MADE TO REPLACE WHEAT ENTIRELY WITH OTHER NON-GLUTEN CEREALS. THIS IS A CHALLENGING TASK.


The Gut Lumen

• Villi- finger-like structures that protrude from the wall of the intestine

-Microvilli- hairlike structure on the surface of absorptive and secretory epithelial cells

• Epithelial cells- layer of cells which line the GI tract


Treatment

• Only treatment for celiac disease is a gluten-free diet (GFD)– Strict, lifelong diet– Avoid:

• Wheat• Rye• Barley


Diet can include

•All cereals and millets other than wheat, barley and rye such as rice, sorghum, ragi, bajra, small millets, etc. •All pulses and dhals •All vegetables •All fruits •Milk and milk products •Eggs and cheese•Dry fruits and nuts•Meal and fish.


2. Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM)


The New approach that the Consumer is taking is to Choose Healthy foods and manage food costs and prevent Medical

expenses need to be kept in mind.Drugs are expensive! But not possible to

avoid.India may have cheaper drugs compared to global prices but not cheap enough for the unaffordable even generics especially for the Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM)

Children


“Proactive effort to optimally manage Inborn Errors of Metabolism is critical for India and must be top priority for all of us in our Professional career and have a proactive role in its Prevention, Management and to alleviate suffering and bring in awareness to improve the Quality of life of each Child and its Parents”-V Prakash

• Early detection using molecular markers

• Identification of emerging genetic changes during food scarcity and drought on the one hand and plenty on the other hand.

MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES / GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DEGENERATIVE

DISEASES


The connection of Food to Health!


Traditional Foods -Treasure of

Informatics on Nutrients to prevent diseases and Sustain

Recoveries.One of the key points in Traditional Foods and Ethnic Foods in India is derived from Ayurveda which uses

Herbs,Vegetables and FruitsPrakash / CSIR-India,2015

Food and Nutritionin

Urban WorldA Challenging task


Some of the list of Traditional Foods in Iran• Akbar Jujeh (Joojeh Talayi- chicken with poemgranate sauce)• Qezel Ala ba berenj• Alu Mosema• Morghe alu pahlu• Anar Bij• Kak (kind of bread)• Jaghur Baghur• Ash-e Fatima Zahra• Ash-e Shalqam• Ash-e-Shir• Ash-eTorsh• Ash-e Shole Qalamkar• Badenjan Torshi (pickled

eggplants)• Baqala bij• Bagala Qatoq• Chogortmeh• Dalar (a Meze)• Felfel Torshi (pickled piments)• Firmi• Fesenjan• Haftabijar• Halvaye Raqayeb

• Kabab Torsh• Kateh• Khali Ash• Shekam Por Mazandaran• Mashli Ash• Sham Goosht• Khalou Abeh• Kolucheh Fuman• Kolucheh Lahijan• Kuku Eshpel (Kuku made of

Roe)• Kuku gerdu (Walnut kuku)• Kuku bademjan• Qatnarme / Qatname (kind

of bread)• Pambli Chorag (kind of

bread)• Longi• Mahi Dudi• Mahi Fibji• Boorani• Burag• Potpoto• Mast o Khiar (a Meze)

• Mirza Ghasemi• Morabaye Badran• Morabaye Bahar Narenj

(orange blossom jam)• Morabaye Gol Mohammadi• Morabaye Kadu• Morabaye Shaqayeq• Morabaye Velesh• Morabaya Zoqal Akhteh• Morq-e Torsh• Khorak-e-Jegar• Naz Khatun• Shekam Por• Suluf Khorosh• Piyaz Torshi (Pickled onions)• Reshteh Khoshkar• Robb e Narenj• Robb e Anar (Pomegranate

molasses)• Robb e Sir Torsh• Shah Kuku• Shami-e Rashti (

Rashti Shami Kebab)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_cuisine

Instant and Convenience Foods – The pathway for

easy eating with minimal labour !


TRADITIONAL FOODS, NUTRITION &

NUTRACEUTICALS (FRUITS & VEGETABLES AS SOURCE)


High-fiber diets are linked to

lower body weight,

but not all fibers are equally effective at

enhancing satiety and decreasing food

intake.

Legumes, such as kidney beans and peas, are a good source of dietary fiber, but are consumed infrequently.


Dietary FatContrary to popular opinion, the link between dietary fat and human diseases is not conclusive, which could mean new opportunities for food formulators, especially in the area of low-carbohydrate products.


Diabetes, heart disease and other non communicable diseases are rapidly emerging as the

major causes of death in most of the Obesing Economies !

Do we have a quick remedy for this?


Nutrition knowledge comes from a variety of scientific disciplines. The art

of good translation is in integrating this knowledge, making it accessible

to society, and identifying information already available and practiced,

which would benefit the society through Fruits & Vegetables.

TRANSLATIONAL NUTRITION

Nutritional Solutions for health and wellness through

Fruits & Vegetables

Gaps in Public knowledge to be filled up with the Science

of Nutritional Knowledge


Immunity, Preventive aspects of diseases, weight management,

heart health, bone health and Mental Health through Food

based approach

Are Nutraceuticals the answer ??Prakash / CSIR-India,2015

Nutraceuticalsand

Functional Foods

Traditional & Ethnic foods of India The Challenge is, compatibility of Food

This is the not the case with Fruits & Vegetables as most of them are compatible!


The disparity in the world with respect to expenditure on Nutrition is so huge let alone

Nutraceuticals and buying capacity!


Food Regulations and

Harmonizations are becoming as stringent

as Drug regulations!

Lest a New range of unsafe Foods as drugs will be in offing in the

Market.The over claim syndrome!


Integration of Unani and other Traditional system of Knowledge & Nutrients for

Immune response, and corrective Metabolism in Health and Disease is the Research Dialogue today


FOOD , DIET, HEALTH & INFORMATICS

AND

NUTRITION

ARE

INSEPARABLE ESPECIALLY

WHEN

CHILDREN ARE CONCERNED


“How Nutritious is also defined by

How Convenient &

How Affordable ?&

How Much of Bioactives and Nutrients andof course How Safe ?” is the question


Awareness of Dietary Guidelines

may promote Healthy Lifestyle

both in Rural and Urban areas.

Information Reachout has to be

Revolutionary at the Rural, and

Semi Urban and Urban Areas


Evidence based Traditional Medicine

• Needs a entirely different approach

• Holistic nature need to be preserved

• Absence of evidence need not be evidence

of absence of the disease

• Traditions need to be respected and studied• Ministry of Health, Malaysia needs kudos for

a systematic, scientific and people friendly approach of Traditional Medicine

(Ref: Dr Ashok Vaidya)

• Nutra-epidemiology: Regional & Global samples• Experiential documentation in subjects • Exploratory in vitro/ in vivo studies : safety/activity• Phytochemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry• Bioactive molecules and Specialty foods• How we are handling the first 1000 days of

Nutrition with the Maternal healthcare?• The Life cycle approach of Nutrition especially of girls

is very critical for a healthy Mother and Child

REVERSE NUTRACEUTICS PATH


THE WORLD OF HERBANUTRACEUTICALS- TODAY!


Immunity, Preventive aspects of diseases, weight management,

heart health, bone health and Mental Health through

Functional and Specialty Foods

Are Nutraceuticals the answer ??Prakash / CSIR-India,2015

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43

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910

811

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Foods for Special Dietary UsesLess Fat, Less Cals and Less

Carb Foods

Functional Foods

Nutraceutical Supplements

Medical Foods

Several terms used in commerce for Health Foods


GENOTYPE

PHENOTYPE

Single genepolymorphisms

Multi-genePolymorphic interactions

Functional foods

Specialty Diet

“Nurture your Gene Naturally and Help it Function Better with Nutraceuticals and Ayurnutraceuticals”

aberration genetic aberration


Moving Forward with


Nutrigenomics is … a conceptual approach to scientific research

that analyzes genetic makeup and nutrient intakes….and how it manifests

into changes?


• Personalized diet is already emerging based on an individual’s Genetic code.

• This diet can then lessen the risk of certain diseases which that individual may be susceptible including Celiac Disease and other related diseases.

• Studies focusing on the health benefits of ingredients may help pave the way for this new approach of Nutrigenomics for relief from IEM.


Thank [email protected]

“If the agenda of Health matters to us, we shall matter More to it”-V Prakash

Dr. V. PRAKASH, Ph.D, FRSC, FIFT, FIAFoST, FIAS, FNAAS, FINAE Distinguished Scientist of CSIR-INDIA...

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Transcript of Dr. V. PRAKASH, Ph.D, FRSC, FIFT, FIAFoST, FIAS, FNAAS, FINAE Distinguished Scientist of CSIR-INDIA...